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Boston Marathon athlete performance outcomes and intra-event medical encounter risk associated with low energy availability indicators Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-11 Kristin E Whitney, Alexandra F DeJong Lempke, Trent Stellingwerff, Louise M Burke, Bryan Holtzman, Aaron L Baggish, Pierre A D'Hemecourt, Sophia Dyer, Chris Troyanos, Kaya Adelzadeh, Grace H Saville, Ida A Heikura, Nicole Farnsworth, Laura Reece, Anthony C Hackney, Kathryn E Ackerman
Objective To determine the association between survey-based self-reported problematic low energy availability indicators (LEA-I) and race performance and intra-event medical encounters during the Boston Marathon. Methods 1030 runners who were registered for the 2022 Boston Marathon completed an electronic survey (1–4 weeks pre-race) assessing LEA-I, training and medical history. De-identified survey
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Gendered environmental pathways to sports injury: insights from retired athletes in the UK high-performance context Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-08 Stephanie E Coen, Victoria Downie, Lucy Follett, Steve McCaig, Joanne L Parsons
Objective Women remain at increased risk for some sports injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament rupture and concussion. This study applied a gendered environmental approach to identify modifiable features of women’s sport environments that may contribute to the gendered patterning of sports injuries. Our objectives were to identify features of gendered environments that mattered in athletes’
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Snow sports-specific extension of the IOC consensus statement: methods for recording and reporting epidemiological data on injury and illness in sports Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Jörg Spörri, Kerry McGawley, Marine Alhammoud, Roald Bahr, Caitlin Dios, Lars Engebretsen, Matthias Gilgien, Vincent Gouttebarge, Helen Hanstock, Lars Haugvad, Hubert Hörterer, Tom Kastner, Gerald Mitterbauer, Margo Mountjoy, Kathrin Wagner, Dionne A Noordhof, Gerhard Ruedl, Johannes Scherr, Wolfgang Schobersberger, Torbjørn Soligard, Lisa Steidl-Müller, Oleane Marthea Rebne Stenseth, Astrid Uhrenholdt
The International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) consensus statement on ‘methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport’ recommended standardising methods to advance data collection and reporting consistency. However, additional aspects need to be considered when these methods are applied to specific sports settings. Therefore, we have developed a snow sports-specific
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Standardising health history and injury surveillance of participants in endurance events: a modified Delphi consensus statement from the AMSSM runner health consortium Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Adam S Tenforde, Emily Kraus, Stephanie A Kliethermes, Mark A Fontana, Michelle T Barrack, Mary Dubon, Ida A Heikura, Karsten Hollander, Emily Kroshus, Mikel R Joachim, Alexandre Dias Lopes, Mitchell J Rauh, Ragen Chastain, Mark Harrast, Bryan Heiderscheit, Brian J Krabak, Emily M Miller, Christopher Napier, William O Roberts, Deborah Roche, Megan Roche, Allison N Schroeder, Dezmond Taylor-Douglas
Endurance events are popular worldwide and have many health benefits. However, runners and Para athletes may sustain musculoskeletal injuries or experience other health consequences from endurance events. The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Runner Health Consortium aimed to generate consensus-based survey items for use in prospective research to identify risk factors for injuries
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Para athlete concussion care following the Amsterdam 2022 International Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport: an urgent need for inclusivity within concussion research Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Richard Weiler, Kristine Dalton, Anna Guenther, Katelyn Mitchell, Peter Van de Vliet, Shelina Babul, Cheri Blauwet, David Clarke, Jenny Dea, Wayne Derman, Carolyn Emery, Kristina Fagher, Vincent Gouttebarge, Mohammad Nadir Haider, Tamerah Hunt, Kenneth Lee, Jan Lexell, Ryan N Moran, Francine Pilon, Francois Prince, Phoebe Runciman, Racheal Smetana, Evert Verhagen, Nick Webborn, Osman Hassan Ahmed
The Amsterdam 2022 International Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport (6th International Conference on Concussion in Sport) was the first Concussion in Sport Group (CISG) consensus to consider the para athlete.1 To date, a lack of research in para sport on most aspects of concussion has prevented the development of evidence-informed consensus on any aspects of concussion care for para athletes
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Identifying future research priorities in the field of interpersonal violence (IV) towards athletes in sport: a Delphi study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Sylvie Parent, Stephanie Radziszewski, Osazemen Aghedo, Isabelle Daignault, Emma Kavanagh, Melanie Lang, Margo Mountjoy, Aurélie Pankowiak, Julia Topart, Mary Woessner, Tine Vertommen
Objective Our aim was to define the priorities for future research in safeguarding athletes from interpersonal violence (IV) in sport through a Delphi consensus study of researchers in the field. Methods An internet-based three-round Delphi method was used as a multistage facilitation technique to arrive at a group consensus (set at ≥75% agreement). A targeted literature search was conducted to develop
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Impact of postpartum physical activity on maternal depression and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Andy Deprato, Stephanie-May Ruchat, Muhammad Usman Ali, Chenxi Cai, Milena Forte, Madelaine Gierc, Sarah Meyer, Talia Noel Sjwed, Safi Shirazi, Brittany A Matenchuk, Paris A T Jones, Allison Sivak, Margie H Davenport
Objective To examine the influence of postpartum exercise on maternal depression and anxiety. Design Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. Data sources Online databases up to 12 January 2024, reference lists, recommended studies and hand searches. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised interventions of any publication date or language
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Association of self-reported health problems and interpersonal violence in sport: a cross-sectional study in world-level performing athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Margo Mountjoy, Karolien Adriaens, Astrid Junge, Helena Verhelle, Felien Laureys, Sandi Kirby, Lenka Dienstbach-Wech, Jeremy Foster, Tine Vertommen
Objectives A paucity of studies assesses the intersection of physical health (injury and illness), mental health and experiences of interpersonal violence (IV, also known as harassment and abuse) in sport. The objectives of this study were to examine the (a) frequency of self-reported physical and mental health problems of elite athletes in the 12 months prior to the survey, (b) differences in physical
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Infographic. Multiligament knee injury (MLKI): an expert consensus statement on nomenclature, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Iain Robert Murray, Navnit S Makaram, Chryssa Neo, Andrew G Geeslin, Jorge Chahla, Gilbert Moatshe, Kay Crossley, Michelle E Kew, Aileen Davis, Maria Tuca, Hollis Potter, Dina C Janse van Rensburg, Carolyn A Emery, SeungPyo Eun, Hege Grindem, Frank R Noyes, Robert G Marx, Chris Harner, Bruce A Levy, Enda King, James L Cook, Daniel B Whelan, George F Hatch, Christopher J Wahl, Kristian Thorborg, James
Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) represent a heterogeneous spectrum of pathology. Clinical evaluation, diagnosis and management of these injuries remains controversial. In order to assess the existing literature evaluating the diagnosis and management of MLKIs, we performed a scoping review1 based on established methodology.2 3 This process established that the majority of the 417 articles identified
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Colliding skilfully: preparing female athletes for collision events Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Elisabeth Oehler, Kirsty Elliott, Zoe L Saynor
Collisions and physical contact with other athletes, or the playing environment, are fundamental aspects of many sports. These can result from intentional high-impact actions (eg, tackling in rugby and throws in judo), and/or incidental actions (e.g., contesting an aerial challenge in netball and blocking a ball in football). With the unprecedented growth and professionalisation of women’s sports that
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Elusive ‘usual’ warm-up in injury prevention trials: the problem of comparing apples to beans Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 José Afonso, Renato Andrade, Mário Sá, Ricardo Martins, Ivan Baptista, Tania Pizzari
Comparing apples to oranges is rational when comparing different fruits; comparing apples to beans is something else entirely. Likewise, injury prevention trials proposing warm-up interventions should strive to deliver reasonable comparisons. The contents and dosage of the intervention and control warm-ups may vary, especially in the context of pragmatic trials, but should be appropriately described
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Sports medicine in the Netherlands – focus and collaboration bring success Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Wes O Zimmermann, Fred Hartgens
The summer of 2024 was dominated by spectacular sporting events, first and foremost by the Paris Olympic and Paralympic Games. The Netherlands achieved a credible sixth place in the medal ranking of nations in the Olympic Games and a fourth place in the Paralympic Games. How does a small country (18 million inhabitants) achieve such success? The answer may be focus and collaboration. The Netherlands
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Changes in physical activity and all-cause mortality among individuals with dementia: a cohort study using the National Health Insurance Service Database in Korea Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Kye-Yeung Park, Youn Huh, Ga Eun Nam, Kyungdo Han, Jin-Hyung Jung, Yoon Jeong Cho, Seon Mee Kim, Hwan-Sik Hwang, Yong-Moon Mark Park
Objective To examine associations between the amount and changes in regular physical activity (PA) before and after diagnosis of dementia and all-cause mortality risk, and whether these associations differ by PA intensity (light, moderate or vigorous). Methods This retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database, including 60 252 individuals newly diagnosed
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Barriers and enablers of adherence to high-intensity interval training among patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Behnaz Mahdaviani, Maryam Selk-Ghaffari, Mojdeh Sarzaeim, Jane S Thornton
Objective Physical activity confers physical and psychosocial benefits for cancer patients and decreases morbidity and mortality, but adherence varies. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is time-efficient and may improve adherence. Our aim was to determine barriers and enablers of adherence to HIIT in patients diagnosed with cancer. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data source PubMed-MEDLINE
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Single case experimental design: a rigorous method for addressing inequity and enhancing precision within Para sport and exercise medicine research Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Sean Tweedy, Iain Mayank Dutia, John Cairney, Emma Beckman
Approximately 4400 athletes from 184 nations competed in 22 sports at the 2024 Paris Paralympic Games. However, it is recognised that athletes with more severe disabilities and high support needs are under-represented in sport, and strategies to increase representation are required. Focusing on individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), we present evidence that people with high support needs are also under-represented
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High-intensity interval training for cardiometabolic health in adults with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Eric Tsz-Chun Poon, Waris Wongpipit, Hong-Yat Li, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong, Parco M Siu, Alice Pik-Shan Kong, Nathan A Johnson
Objective To assess the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared with traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and/or non-exercise control (CON) for modification of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and other cardiometabolic health outcomes in individuals with MetS. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis Data sources Five databases were searched from
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A decade on: successes and future directions for integrating physical activity into healthcare curricula in the UK and EU Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Ann Bernadette Gates, Fiona Moffatt, The European Union Erasmus+ VANGUARD project team, George S Metsios
In 2014, as part of the outcomes from the inaugural World Heart Federations Emerging Leaders’ work,1 a network of collaborators and change agents set about strengthening the capacity of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to support patients and communities to be more physically active. The intent was to influence the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and poor
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Developing an exercise intervention to minimise hip bone mineral density loss following traumatic lower limb amputation: a Delphi study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Fearghal P Behan, Anthony M J Bull, Belinda R Beck, Katherine Brooke-Wavell, Ralph Müller, Laurence Vico, Hanna Isaksson, Nicholas C Harvey, Arjan Buis, Kate Sherman, Gemma Jefferson, Daniel J Cleather, Alison McGregor, Alexander N Bennett
Objective To elicit expert opinion and gain consensus on specific exercise intervention parameters to minimise hip bone mineral density (BMD) loss following traumatic lower limb amputation. Methods In three Delphi rounds, statements were presented to a panel of 13 experts from six countries. Experts were identified through publications or clinical expertise. Round 1 involved participants rating their
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Effects of reducing sedentary behaviour by increasing physical activity, on cognitive function, brain function and structure across the lifespan: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Natan Feter, Tomasz S Ligeza, Neha Bashir, Ramiya J Shanmugam, Bryan Montero Herrera, Tamara Aldabbagh, Anne-Farah Usman, Ayumi Yonezawa, Shane McCarthy, Danielle Herrera, Denise Vargas, Emaad M Mir, Talha Syed, Sanam Desai, Hector Shi, William Kim, Natalie Puhar, Kushi Gowda, Olivia Nowak, Jin Kuang, Flor Quiroz, Eduardo L Caputo, Qian Yu, JJ Pionke, Liye Zou, Lauren B Raine, Gabriele Gratton, Monica
Objective To examine the acute and chronic effects of reducing prolonged sedentary time (ST) with physical activity (PA) on cognitive and brain health. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from inception to 17 June
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Infographic. Enhancing performance and stability: the role of abdominal binding in wheelchair rugby Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Clare Pheasey, Thomas J O’Brien, Lesley Sharpe, Victoria L Goosey-Tolfrey
This infographic offers guidance for sports practitioners and wheelchair rugby (WR) players to enhance performance and stability during WR using abdominal binders. The Paralympic sport of WR is played by individuals with an impairment that affects all four limbs, including cervical spinal cord injuries (SCIs) (tetraplegia), limb deficiencies, polio, cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders.
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An update to terminology describing abnormal uterine bleeding in female athletes: facilitating cross-disciplinary health care Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Chimsom T Oleka, Travis Anderson, Kathryn E Ackerman, Kirsty J Elliott-Sale, Emily Kraus, Ellen Casey, Trent Stellingwerff, Amber T Donaldson, Jonathan T Finnoff, Eric G Post, William M Adams
Female athlete health, performance, and well-being are best supported by a comprehensive team of medical providers and sports scientists that may include physicians from various specialties, allied health providers, exercise and sports scientists, mental health professionals, and dietitians. Understanding and consistently utilising contemporary terminology in research and clinical practice is critical
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Fitness-related physical activity intensity explains most of the association between accelerometer data and cardiometabolic health in persons 50–64 years old Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Jonatan Fridolfsson, Elin Ekblom-Bak, Örjan Ekblom, Göran Bergström, Daniel Arvidsson, Mats Börjesson
Objectives To investigate the physical activity (PA) intensity associated with cardiometabolic health when considering the mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Methods A subsample of males and females aged 50–64 years from the cross-sectional Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study was investigated. PA was measured by accelerometry and CRF by a submaximal cycle test. Cardiometabolic risk
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Associations of the ‘weekend warrior’ physical activity pattern with mild dementia: findings from the Mexico City Prospective Study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-29 Gary O'Donovan, Fanny Petermann-Rocha, Gerson Ferrari, Catalina Medina, Carolina Ochoa-Rosales, Olga L L Sarmiento, Agustín Ibáñez
Objectives To investigate associations of the ‘weekend warrior’ physical activity pattern with mild dementia. Methods Participants in the Mexico City Prospective Study were surveyed from 1998 to 2004 and re-surveyed from 2015 to 2019. Participants were asked about leisure time physical activity at baseline. Those who exercised up to once or twice per week were termed ‘weekend warriors’ and those who
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Health problems and injury management in adolescent handball: the Safeplay one-season cohort study of 679 players Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-29 Merete Møller, Stian Isaksen Johansen, Grethe Myklebust, Rasmus Oestergaard Nielsen, Sören Möller, Ulla Mikkelsen, Niels Wedderkopp, Martin Lind
Objectives To assess (1) the 1-year prevalence of previous shoulder, knee and ankle injuries; (2) the in-season prevalence proportion (prevalence) of injuries and illnesses, injury incidence rate (ir) and injury burden (product of ir and weeks with injuries); (3) initial injury management strategies. Methods We conducted a cohort study of 679 highest-division Danish handball players aged 14–18. Players
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Association between feels-like temperatures and injury risk during international outdoor athletic championships: a prospective cohort study on 29 579 athlete starts during 10 championships Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-29 Pascal Edouard, Pierre-Eddy Dandrieux, Milan Klöwer, Astrid Junge, Sébastien Racinais, Pedro Branco, Karsten Hollander, Laurent Navarro
Objective To analyse associations between feels-like temperatures measured with the universal thermal climate index (UTCI) and injury rates during international athletic championships. Methods During 10 international outdoor athletic championships from 2007 to 2022, in-competition injuries were collected by medical teams and local organising committees. UTCI was extracted hourly from a global reanalysis
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Polygenic risk analysis in physical activity and health: why are the same results interpreted differently? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-29 Viktor H Ahlqvist, Marcel Ballin
Polygenic risk scores (PRSs), designed to capture genetic predisposition to specific traits,1 are becoming increasingly accessible at scale and are being used in physical activity research. PRSs are typically calculated by aggregating the effect sizes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with a particular trait or disease, usually derived from genome-wide association studies (GWASs)
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Critical incidents and traumatic events in elite sport: proposing the 5Cs approach for how sport medicine teams should care for the affected individual, team and the wider community in the post-traumatic period Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Elisabeth Kilcourse, Charlotte Taylor, Neil Heron
When thinking about elite sport, most conjure up an image of victory. However, athletes are at risk of experiencing indirect trauma after witnessing a critical event. Examples include cardiac arrest, significant injuries and crashes.1 This concept is vicarious trauma: ‘Harmful changes that occur in an individual’s view of themselves, others, and the world as a result of exposure to graphic or traumatic
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Device-measured vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) and major adverse cardiovascular events: evidence of sex differences Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Emmanuel Stamatakis, Matthew Ahmadi, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Borja del Pozo Cruz, Cecilie Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Marie H Murphy, Angelo Sabag, Scott Lear, Clara Chow, Jason M R Gill, Mark Hamer
Background Vigorous intermittent lifestyle physical activity (VILPA) refers to brief bouts of intense physical activity embedded into daily life. Objective To examine sex differences in the dose–response association of VILPA with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and its subtypes. Methods Using multivariable-adjusted cubic splines, we examined the associations of daily VILPA duration with
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Participation, barriers, facilitators and bullying experiences of trans people in sport and fitness: findings from a national community survey of trans people in Australia Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Sasha Bailey, Benjamin Trevitt, Sav Zwickl, Beau Newell, Emma Staples, Ryan Storr, Ada S Cheung
Objectives This study aimed to assess participation rates of transgender and gender diverse (trans) people in sport/fitness activities, compare mental health outcomes for trans people participating in sport/fitness with those who do not and explore internal/external barriers and bullying experiences faced by trans people in sport/fitness contexts. Methods A cross-sectional online survey open to trans
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Low energy availability surrogates are associated with Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport outcomes in male athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-26 Bryan Holtzman, Rose K Kelly, Grace H Saville, Lauren McCall, Kaya A Adelzedah, Samantha R Sarafin, Prakruthi Nikam, Isabella Meneguzzi, Abby McIntyre, Emily K Kraus, Kathryn E Ackerman
Objectives To determine the association between surrogates of low energy availability (EA) and proposed health and performance outcomes of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) in a clinical sample of adolescent and young adult male athletes. Methods Male athletes ages 15–30 years presenting to a sports medicine clinic at two tertiary care centres were invited to complete a survey about athlete
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Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs): the role of the physiotherapist Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-26 Manon Dauvergne, Marie-Elaine Grant, Margo Mountjoy
Knowledge of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) has grown significantly between 2018 and 2022 with over 170 original publications in this period. The latest International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus statement on REDs was published in 2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine in a dedicated edition with 10 accompanying narrative reviews and editorials.1 The 2023 IOC REDs consensus
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Diagnostic effectiveness of the Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool 1 supplemented with a brief clinical intake interview in a cohort of Polish elite Olympic athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Wojciech Waleriańczyk, Jarosław Krzywański, Joanna Gorgol, Katarzyna Konopka, Agata Kuśmierczyk, Grzegorz Lisek, Piotr Maleszka, Małgorzata Sławińska, Olga Surała, Grzegorz Więcław, Katarzyna Wójcik, Hubert Krysztofiak
Objective Several studies have used the Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool 1 (SMHAT-1) among athletes but none have combined SMHAT-1 with a subsequent clinical intake interview. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of SMHAT-1 supplemented by a brief, in-person clinical intake interview in evaluating the prevalence of mental health concerns in elite athletes. Methods Sections
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‘First, do no harm’: conducting research on interpersonal violence in sport Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Tine Vertommen, Mary Woessner, Emma Kavanagh, Sylvie Parent, Aurélie Pankowiak, Leen Haerens, Cleo Schyvinck, Bram Constandt, Ramón Spaaij, Vidar Stevens, Annick Willem, Margo Mountjoy
It was Hippocrates who stated ‘First, do no harm’, and we believe the sentiment of this medical principle is one that every researcher should embody when conducting research on interpersonal violence (IV) in sport. Conducting such research presents unique considerations for researchers, particularly in relation to supporting participant and researcher well-being. Similarly, approaching this sensitive
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Does sedentary behaviour cause spinal pain in children and adolescents? A systematic review with meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-22 Laura R C Montgomery, Michael Swain, Amabile B Dario, Mary O'Keeffe, Tie P Yamato, Jan Hartvigsen, Simon French, Christopher Williams, Steve Kamper
Objective To evaluate whether sedentary behaviour is a risk or prognostic factor for spinal pain in children and adolescents. Specifically, to estimate the (1) direction and strength of the association; (2) risk of spinal pain onset and (3) effect on spinal pain prognosis. Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Data sources Electronic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science up
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Twenty year analysis of professional men’s rugby union knee injuries from the English premiership shows high rates and burden Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-22 Stephen W West, Sam J Hudson, Lindsay Starling, Matthew Cross, Sean Williams, Carly D McKay, Dario Cazzola, John H M Brooks, Rory Murray, Andy Williams, Simon P T Kemp, Keith A Stokes
Objectives To determine the rates, severity and burden of knee injuries in professional male rugby union from the English Premiership. Methods Injury and exposure data were captured over 20 seasons using a prospective cohort design. Knee injury incidence, days’ absence and burden were recorded for each injury type and by pitch surface type for match and training. Results The rate of knee injury in
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Infographic. Muscle-strengthening exercise for older adults: a critical strategy for maintaining health and independence Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-21 Vitor Antonio Assis Alves Siqueira, Eurico Nestor Wilhelm, Emerson Sebastião
Muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE)—also known as strength, weight or resistance training—includes activities that use equipment such as free weights, resistance machines, resistance bands or body weight (eg, push-ups). While each method has unique characteristics and training settings, they all offer neuromuscular benefits that are dependent on individual training characteristics. Individuals engage
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Innovative approaches to injury prevention and performance enhancement in running: insights from PhD research on hamstring strengthening, running biomechanics and energetics, and wearable technology (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-21 Bas Van Hooren
My dissertation explored different approaches to (1) prevent high-speed/sprinting and low-speed/distance running (re)injuries and (2) improve running performance. To this purpose, I investigated muscle behaviour, forces and activation during hamstring strengthening exercises as this can inform on which exercise is best suited to elicit adaptations in tissue strength that reduce injury risk and improve
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Exercise as medicine in hip osteoarthritis: an investigation of exercise type, muscle power and predictive factors (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-17 Troels Kjeldsen
The primary aim of my PhD was to compare the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) and neuromuscular exercise (NEMEX) on physical function, pain and hip-related quality of life in people with hip osteoarthritis (OA). Additionally, I sought to examine the relationship between changes in leg extensor muscle power and improvements in physical function, while also exploring predictive factors
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#WhatWouldYouDo? A cross-sectional study of sports medicine physicians assessing their competency in managing harassment and abuse in sports Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 Margo Mountjoy, Helena Verhelle, Jonathan T Finnoff, Andrew Murray, Amanda Paynter, Fabio Pigozzi, Camille Tooth, Evert Verhagen, Tine Vertommen
Objectives To assess the clinical competence of sports medicine physicians to recognise and report harassment and abuse in sports, and to identify barriers to reporting and the need for safeguarding education. Methods We implemented a cross-sectional cohort study design recruiting through social media and international sports medicine networks in 2023. The survey captured participant perceptions related
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Mouthguards for the prevention of orofacial trauma in sport: the Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (UK) position statement Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-15 Irfan Ahmed, Julie Gallagher, Ian Needleman, Rachel Bower, Paul Ashley, Asma Aloui, John Patrick Haughey, Gofrane Abdellaoui, Peter Fine
The Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (UK) invited a panel to convene and issue a position statement on the use of mouthguards in sport. Contributors included Sport and Exercise Medicine, Sports Dentistry, Sports Science, athlete and coach perspectives to provide up-to-date guidance on the use of mouthguards in sport for the prevention of orofacial trauma (OFT). This position statement is aimed
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Prescribing strength training for stroke recovery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-15 Kenneth S Noguchi, Kevin Moncion, Elise Wiley, Ashley Morgan, Eric Huynh, Guilherme Moraes Balbim, Brad Elliott, Carlene Harris-Blake, Brent Krysa, Barb Koetsier, Karolyn Pinili, Marla K Beauchamp, Stuart M Phillips, Lehana Thabane, Ada Tang
Objective To examine the effects of strength training on patient-important outcomes of stroke recovery and to quantify the influence of the exercise prescription on treatment effects. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Eight electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMCARE, AMED, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) and two clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials
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Safeguarding policies and practices in International Federations: on the right track? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-15 Tine Vertommen, Margo Mountjoy, Bram Constandt, Kirsty Burrows
Interpersonal violence in sport—whether physical, sexual, psychological or neglect—remains a pressing public health concern, casting a shadow over the well-being of athletes at all levels. The impact of interpersonal violence, often referred to as ‘harassment and abuse’ in sport policy documents, extends far beyond the individual, touching families, healthcare systems and society.1 In recent years
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Best practice guide for patellofemoral pain based on synthesis of a systematic review, the patient voice and expert clinical reasoning Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-14 Bradley Stephen Neal, Simon David Lack, Clare Bartholomew, Dylan Morrissey
Objective Define a best practice guide for managing people with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Methods A mixed-methods convergent segregated synthesis of meta-analysed data with a thematic analysis of semistructured interviews and focus groups. Agreement between subproject results informed the strength of clinical recommendation for interventions eligible for best practice recommendation. Data sources
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Quantitative analysis of effectiveness and associated factors of exercise on symptoms in osteoarthritis: a pharmacodynamic model-based meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-11 Shun Han, Ting Li, Ying Cao, Zewei Li, Yiying Mai, Tianxiang Fan, Muhui Zeng, Xin Wen, Weiyu Han, Lijun Lin, Lixin Zhu, Siu Ngor Fu, Kim L Bennell, David J Hunter, Changhai Ding, Lujin Li, Zhaohua Zhu
Objective This study aims to evaluate the time point and magnitude of peak effectiveness of exercise and the effects of various exercise modalities for osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and to identify factors that significantly affect the effectiveness of exercise. Design Pharmacodynamic model-based meta-analysis (MBMA). Data sources Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus were searched
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Tale of quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength after ACL reconstruction: a systematic review with longitudinal and multivariate meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-10 Michael Girdwood, Adam G Culvenor, Ebonie K Rio, Brooke E Patterson, Melissa Haberfield, Jamon Couch, Benjamin Mentiplay, Michael Hedger, Kay M Crossley
Objective This study aimed to investigate how knee extensor and flexor strength change over time after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Design Systematic review with longitudinal meta-analysis. Data sources Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL and SPORTDiscus to 28 February 2023. Eligibility criteria Studies of primary ACLR (n≥50), with mean participant age 18–40 years
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Infographic. Medical management of harassment and abuse in sports. #WhatWouldYouDo? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-08 Margo Mountjoy, Helena Verhelle, Jonathan T Finnoff, Andrew Murray, Amanda Paynter, Fabio Pigozzi, Camille Tooth, Evert Verhagen, Tine Vertommen
There are four types of harassment and abuse: psychological, physical, sexual and neglect. Harassment and abuse can affect athletes of all ages and in all sports, with varying prevalence depending on the type, location, sport, age and cultural setting. #WhatWouldYouDo?1 is the first study to assess sports medicine physicians’: 1. Perceptions of harm in presented scenarios of harassment and abuse. 2
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Iron and women’s health: a multidimensional exploration of iron deficiency, management and treatment in active women (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-07 Cory Dugan
My thesis explores the critical issue of iron deficiency in women’s health. Approximately one-third of the human population has iron deficiency,1 many of whom are physically active women of reproductive age.2 Through a series of novel projects, this thesis provides a multidimensional understanding of the impact, management and treatment of iron deficiency in active women. Comprised of two reviews (narrative
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Impact of postpartum physical activity on cardiometabolic health, breastfeeding, injury and infant growth and development: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-07 Paris A T Jones, Amy Moolyk, Stephanie-May Ruchat, Muhammad Usman Ali, Karen Fleming, Sarah Meyer, Talia Noel Sjwed, Jenna B Wowdzia, Lauren Maier, Michelle Mottola, Allison Sivak, Margie H Davenport
Objective To examine the relationship between postpartum physical activity and maternal postnatal cardiometabolic health, breastfeeding, injury, and infant growth and development. Design Systematic review with random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. Data sources Eight online databases were searched up until 12 January 2024. Eligibility criteria Studies of all designs in all languages were
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Running is acceptable and efficacious in adults with non-specific chronic low back pain: the ASTEROID randomised controlled trial Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-07 Christopher Neason, Claire L Samanna, Scott D Tagliaferri, Daniel L Belavý, Steve J Bowe, Matthew J Clarkson, Emma A Craige, Romina Gollan, Luana C Main, Clint T Miller, Ulrike H Mitchell, Niamh L Mundell, David Scott, Jamie L Tait, Grace E Vincent, Patrick J Owen
Objectives Running is one of the most accessible forms of exercise, yet its suitability for adults with chronic low back pain (LBP) is unknown. This study assessed the efficacy and acceptability of running in adults with chronic LBP. Methods This two-arm parallel (1:1) individually randomised controlled trial allocated 40 participants (mean (SD) age: 33 (6) years, female: 50%) with non-specific chronic
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Noisy knees - knee crepitus prevalence and association with structural pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-07 Jamon L Couch, Matthew G King, Danilo De Oliveira Silva, Jackie L Whittaker, Andrea M Bruder, Fernanda Serighelli, Sean Kaplan, Adam G Culvenor
Objective Knee crepitus, the audible crackling or grinding noise during knee movement, can be experienced across the lifespan and create concern for underlying pathology. Our systematic review aims to provide a summary estimate of knee crepitus prevalence and its association with structural pathology among the general population and across knee conditions. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis
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You have to work twice as hard as a woman to show that you are competent. Experiences, opportunities and workplace gender harassment for Sport and Exercise Medicine practitioners working in elite sport in Australia Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-07 Sallie M Cowan, Michael Girdwood, Melissa Haberfield, Andrea Britt Mosler, Andrea M Bruder, Kate Mahony, Kirsty Forsdike, Nicola McNeil, Kate A Beerworth, Miranda Menaspa, Phillipa Inge, Sue White, Rachel Harris, Adam Castricum, Kay M Crossley
Objective Our aim was to investigate (1) gender representation, (2) opportunities and training and (3) harassment experiences in Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) practitioners working in elite sport in Australia. Methods All titled Australian Physiotherapy Association Sport and Exercise Physiotherapists, SEM Physicians and Registrars and doctors and physiotherapists (SEM practitioners) currently/previously/aspiring
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Mechanisms of hypoxia (in)tolerance in prematurely born adults: PhD thesis (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-03 Giorgio Manferdelli
The primary aim of my PhD thesis was to investigate the long-term impact of premature birth, defined as any birth occurring before the 37th week of gestation, on the acute physiological responses and adaptation to high-altitude exposure, at rest and during exercise. Specifically, my work aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the specific cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, respiratory, muscular
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Back pain Knowledge and beliefs Survey (BacKS): development and assessment of measurement properties Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Leticia Amaral Corrêa, Mark Hancock, Stephanie Mathieson, Arianne Verhagen, Ben Darlow, Paul William Hodges, Simon French
Objective To develop and evaluate a new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) to assess people’s knowledge and beliefs about low back pain. Methods This study followed the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments guidelines. An 18-item preliminary version of the Back pain Knowledge and beliefs Survey (BacKS) was generated based on evidence-based key messages and
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Riding towards better athlete health Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 John Bjørneboe, Torstein Dalen-Lorentsen
We are delighted to present the annual Norwegian Sports and Exercise Medicine Society issue of the BJSM . This edition emphasises the importance of prevention in sports and exercise medicine, featuring papers that delve into various aspects of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. The first paper we feature is an editorial discussing the reporting standards in injury prevention studies. Most
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Sport & Exercise Medicine in Switzerland (SEMS) turns 75 Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Boris Gojanovic
‘Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning’ (Albert Einstein). On 14 and 15 November 2024, Sport and Exercise Medicine in Switzerland (SEMS) will host a special SEMS annual meeting, celebrating 75 years of sports medicine in Switzerland. While we all consider SEM a young specialty, one that is still not recognised as a full medical specialty
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Correction:Strength, power and aerobic capacity of transgender athletes: a cross-sectional study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
Hamilton B, Brown A, Montagner-Moraes S, et al . Strength, power and aerobic capacity of transgender athletes: a cross-sectional study. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2024;58:586-97. There is an error in the calculations of Absolute Peak Power (W), Relative Peak Power to Fat-Free …
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Refugee Olympic Team: a team like no other Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Carlo Bagutti
Over the past two decades, we have witnessed a proliferation of conflict zones, hotbeds of violence, persecution and human rights violations. In the spring of 2015, the civil war in Syria pushed millions of people to flee the fighting and destruction there. As the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, Mr Filippo Grandi says: ‘While the Syrian conflict constitutes the world’s largest humanitarian crisis
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ICON 2023: International Scientific Tendinopathy Symposium Consensus – the core outcome set for Achilles tendinopathy (COS-AT) using a systematic review and a Delphi study of professional participants and patients Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Robert-Jan de Vos, Karin Gravare Silbernagel, Peter Malliaras, Tjerk Sleeswijk Visser, Hakan Alfredson, Inge van den Akker-Scheek, Mathijs van Ark, Annelie Brorsson, Ruth Chimenti, Sean Docking, Pernilla Eliasson, Kenneth Farnqvist, Zubair Haleem, Shawn L Hanlon, Jean-Francois Kaux, Rebecca Samantha Kearney, Paul D Kirwan, Kornelia Kulig, Bhavesh Kumar, Trevor Lewis, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Tun Hing
To develop a core outcome set for Achilles tendinopathy (COS-AT) for use in clinical trials we performed a five-step process including (1) a systematic review of available outcome measurement instruments, (2) an online survey on truth and feasibility of the available measurement instruments, (3) an assessment of the methodological quality of the selected outcome measurement instruments, (4) an online
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Injury-inciting circumstances of sudden-onset hamstring injuries: video analyses of 63 match injuries in male professional football players in the Qatar Stars League (2013–2020) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Robin Vermeulen, Nicol van Dyk, Rod Whiteley, Karim Chamari, Warren Gregson, Lorenzo Lolli, Roald Bahr, Johannes L Tol, Andreas Serner
Objective To describe and categorise the injury-inciting circumstances of sudden-onset hamstring match injuries in professional football players using systematic video analysis. Methods Using a prospective injury surveillance database, all sudden-onset hamstring match injuries in male football players (18 years and older) from the Qatar Stars League between September 2013 and August 2020 were reviewed
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Standing in the shadows: is standing a tonic or a toxin for cardiometabolic health? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Andreas Holtermann, Pieter Coenen, Matthew N. Ahmadi, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Leon Straker
Need to put the health effects of standing in the research spotlight. Since the turn of the century, the spotlight on the cardiometabolic risks of prolonged sitting has overshadowed the health effects of perhaps the greatest behavioural change in the transition from hunter-gatherers to modern humans: the remarkable increase in time spent standing.1 As an example, figure 1 makes a comparison in device-measured