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Efficacy of the FIFA cooling break heat policy during an intermittent treadmill football simulation in hot conditions in trained males Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Harry A Brown, Samuel Chalmers, Thomas H Topham, Brad Clark, Andrew Jowett, Tim Meyer, Ollie Jay, Julien D Périard
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) cooling break policy against alternative cooling configurations in attenuating thermal strain during simulated football in the heat. Methods 12 males (age: 27±6 years, V̇O2peak: 61±7 mL/kg/min) completed five 90 min intermittent treadmill football match simulations in 40°C and 41% relative humidity (32°C
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Injured adolescent athlete: optimising health and performance through collaborative rehabilitation Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Mark Matthews, Jake Mulley, Katy Williams, Stephen Mutch
Adolescence is a period of marked physical, psychological and social development. Engaging in physical activities can bring multifaceted benefits to enhance an adolescent’s health, well-being and social skills. Sports participation can also bring numerous mental health benefits, lift self-esteem and boost confidence during challenging and often turbulent periods of adolescent development. Sports can
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Where is the research on sport-related concussion in Olympic athletes? A descriptive report and assessment of the impact of access to multidisciplinary care on recovery Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Thomas Romeas, Félix Croteau, Suzanne Leclerc
Objectives This cohort study reported descriptive statistics in athletes engaged in Summer and Winter Olympic sports who sustained a sport-related concussion (SRC) and assessed the impact of access to multidisciplinary care and injury modifiers on recovery. Methods 133 athletes formed two subgroups treated in a Canadian sport institute medical clinic: earlier (≤7 days) and late (≥8 days) access. Descriptive
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An update to terminology describing abnormal uterine bleeding in female athletes: facilitating cross-disciplinary health care Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Chimsom T Oleka, Travis Anderson, Kathryn E Ackerman, Kirsty J Elliott-Sale, Emily Kraus, Ellen Casey, Trent Stellingwerff, Amber T Donaldson, Jonathan T Finnoff, Eric G Post, William M Adams
Female athlete health, performance, and well-being are best supported by a comprehensive team of medical providers and sports scientists that may include physicians from various specialties, allied health providers, exercise and sports scientists, mental health professionals, and dietitians. Understanding and consistently utilising contemporary terminology in research and clinical practice is critical
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Topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and eccentric exercises in the treatment of mid-portion achilles tendinopathy (the NEAT trial): a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Paul D Kirwan, Trevor Duffy, Helen P French
Objectives To investigate if daily treatment with glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) ointment, over 24 weeks combined with a 12-week eccentric exercise programme is more effective for chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy than placebo ointment and eccentric exercise. Methods This was a single-site randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial at an acute hospital, Dublin, Ireland. Patients with chronic
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Infographic. A systematic review of injuries in amateur and professional golfers Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Thomas R Williamson, Jennifer Duncan, Robert S Kay, Patrick G Robinson, Andrew D Murray, Nicholas D Clement
Golf is an Olympic sport played by more than 100 million players of all ages in more than two-thirds of countries worldwide.1 ⇓Professional golfers have differing demographic profiles, swing mechanics (faster and increased force production) and play more than amateur golfers, so they have differing risk profiles when assessing injury epidemiology. Our systematic review and meta-analysis2 aimed to determine
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‘Dawn of Health Home’ team: promoting health and empowering underdeveloped rural areas in China through exercise Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Lin Yang, Chunfang Zhang, Bofan Chen, Haimin Zeng, Xinxing Zeng, Jie Peng, Liang Hao
In 2017, the Chinese government launched the ‘Healthy China’ policy, with the aim of providing comprehensive health services through all stages of life for Chinese citizens. This implied the need to intensify efforts in health education and promotion ensuring that Chinese people receive effective health services at every stage of their life cycle. However, China has the largest elderly population in
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Considerations for the care of transgender patients in orthopaedics and sports medicine: a narrative review Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Madison Hayes-Lattin, Laura M Krivicich, Jack T Bragg, Ashley Rogerson, Matthew J Salzler
Orthopaedic and sports medicine clinicians can improve outcomes for transgender patients by understanding the physiological effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT). This narrative review investigated the role of GAHT on bone mineral density, fracture risk, thromboembolic risk, cardiovascular health and ligament/tendon injury in this population. A search from the PubMed database using relevant
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Fitness-related physical activity intensity explains most of the association between accelerometer data and cardiometabolic health in persons 50–64 years old Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Jonatan Fridolfsson, Elin Ekblom-Bak, Örjan Ekblom, Göran Bergström, Daniel Arvidsson, Mats Börjesson
Objectives To investigate the physical activity (PA) intensity associated with cardiometabolic health when considering the mediating role of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Methods A subsample of males and females aged 50–64 years from the cross-sectional Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study was investigated. PA was measured by accelerometry and CRF by a submaximal cycle test. Cardiometabolic risk
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High rates of respiratory illnesses upon arrival: lessons from Team USA at the Santiago 2023 Pan American and Parapan American Games Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Eric G Post, Travis Anderson, Olivia Samson, Ashley N Triplett, Alexis D Gidley, Steven S Isono, Jennifer Watters, Amber T Donaldson, Jonathan T Finnoff, William M Adams
Objective To describe the incidence and characteristics of injuries and illnesses among Team USA athletes competing at the Santiago 2023 Pan American Games (PAG) and Parapan American Games (PPAG), with a particular focus on the incidence of respiratory illnesses and on injuries for sports new to the Olympic and Paralympic programmes. Methods Illnesses and injuries occurring among the 870 Team USA athletes
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Mission impossible—maybe not? Preventing hip osteoarthritis in athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-11 Sara Lynn Terrell, James Lynch
Heerey et al recently published a valuable article regarding the reactive nature of current approaches to hip osteoarthritis (OA) in athletes.1 We agree primary prevention is a desirable path to decrease the incidence of hip OA and pain, but as stated, reducing workloads is challenging as it corresponds with (and worsens) critical sport development timelines of talent identification and skill acquisition
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Infographic. Mitigating exertional heat illness risk in tennis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-11 Joss Connell
Exercising in high temperatures can lead to unsustainable heat generation and increased risk of exertional heat illness (EHI),1 including heat exhaustion (core temperature (Tc) between 38.5°C and 40°C) and heat stroke (Tc > 40°C).1 Despite warnings from the International Olympic Committee (IOC) about rising temperatures due to global warming, evidence-based mitigation strategies in sports remain insufficient
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Heat-related risk at Paris 2024: a proposal for classification and review of International Federations policies Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-11 David Bandiera, Sebastien Racinais, Frédéric Garrandes, Paolo Emilio Adami, Stéphane Bermon, Yannis P Pitsiladis, Antonio Tessitore
Several International Federations (IFs) employ specific policies to protect athletes’ health from the danger of heat. Most policies rely on the measurement of thermal indices such as the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) to estimate the risk of heat-related illness. This review summarises the policies implemented by the 32 IFs of the 45 sports included in the Paris 2024 Olympic Games. It provides details
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Prevalence of therapeutic use exemptions at the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games: an analysis of data from 2016 to 2022 Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Alan Vernec, David Healy, Tamar Banon, Andrea Petroczi
Objectives The objectives of this study are to describe the prevalence of therapeutic use exemptions (TUEs) among athletes competing in four Olympic and four Paralympic games. The secondary objective was to present the prohibited substance and methods classes associated with TUEs. Methods Data from the Anti-Doping Administration and Management System were extracted for this cross-sectional observation
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Centering the female athlete voice in a sports science research agenda: a modified Delphi survey with Team USA athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Julie McCleery, Ellie Diamond, Rose Kelly, Longxi Li, Kathryn E Ackerman, William M Adams, Emily Kraus
Objectives To co-construct a sports medicine and exercise science research and translational agenda with Team USA elite female athletes serving as the experts on their health, performance and well-being. Methods 40 Team USA female athletes across sports disciplines participated in an online, anonymous, modified Delphi survey by ranking topics on a Likert scale (1=‘strongly disagree’ and 5=‘strongly
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Do not neglect injury severity and burden when assessing the effect of sports injury prevention interventions: time to paint the whole picture Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 Evert Verhagen, Ben Clarsen, Larisa van der Graaff, Roald Bahr
The outcomes typically reported from injury prevention trials are incidence rates. In this editorial, we show that this approach only paints part of a bigger picture and could even lead to misinterpretations. We argue that injury severity and injury burden should be presented in conjunction with incidence to provide a more complete assessment of the effectiveness of sports injury prevention interventions
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Rehabilitation from the perspective of a hijabi: a tale of finding myself while navigating unchartered territory—Dr Aminah Amer Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Aminah Amer
It was New Year’s Eve, and in a few hours, we would be heading into 2014. It was going to be a great year that would see me graduating as a medical doctor after five long years. Home for the Christmas holidays and eager to impress my family with my imaginary gymnastic skills, I jumped into the air, landing rather ungracefully. We all heard a loud ‘pop’ followed by my scream. With immediate swelling
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From ‘faster, higher, stronger’ to ‘slower, calmer, wiser’ - together: incorporating the athlete voice in sports medicine Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Jane S Thornton, Roald Bahr
As the world eagerly anticipates the opening of each new Olympic and Paralympic Games, medical teams and team physicians prepare to care for the optimal health and performance of thousands of athletes. While injuries and illnesses at the Games are inevitable,1–3 research points to a powerful tool to help us care better: the athlete voice. An increasing awareness of the positive impact on health outcomes
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Psychosocial predictors of doping intentions and use in sport and exercise: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Nikos Ntoumanis, Sigurd Dølven, Vassilis Barkoukis, Ian David Boardley, Johan S Hvidemose, Carsten B Juhl, Daniel F Gucciardi
Objective To conduct a meta-analytic review of psychosocial predictors of doping intention, doping use and inadvertent doping in sport and exercise settings. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Scopus, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL Plus, ProQuest Dissertations/Theses and Open Grey. Eligibility criteria Studies (of any design) that measured the outcome variables of doping intention
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Environmental challenges facing athletes, stakeholders and spectators at Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games: an evidence-based review of mitigation strategies and recommendations Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Loïs Mougin, Valérie Bougault, Sébastien Racinais, Margo L Mountjoy, Ben Stephenson, Sarah Carter, Lewis J James, Stephen A Mears, Lee Taylor
The upcoming Paris 2024 Olympic and Paralympic Games could face environmental challenges related to heat, air quality and water quality. These challenges will pose potential threats to athletes and impact thousands of stakeholders and millions of spectators. Recognising the multifaceted nature of these challenges, a range of strategies will be essential for mitigating adverse effects on participants
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Mental health surveillance in elite Para athletes: early identification and follow-up of athletes at risk of mental health problems Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Verena Meidl, Petra Dallmann, Kathrin Steffen, Berit Bretthauer, Aglaja Busch, Eva Johanna Kubosch, Rainer Leonhart, Anja Hirschmueller
Objective There is a lack of prospective data on mental health of elite Para athletes. The objective was to identify and follow elite Para athletes at risk of mental health problems. Methods In a 124-week prospective cohort study, mental health of German elite Para athletes was monitored using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). In case of positive screening (PHQ-4≥5) over 2 weeks, a follow-up
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Safe sport for all! Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Andrea M Bruder, Joanne L Kemp
Welcome to the 14th edition of the BJSM for 2024! In this edition, we focus on ensuring safe sport for all. The BJSM has promoted safe sport for many years, with the publication of many studies and reviews that provide insights into the primary prevention of injuries such as concussion and anterior cruciate ligament injuries —both of which can have catastrophic consequences for those affected. In recent
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‘Subconcussive’ is a dangerous misnomer: hits of greater magnitude than concussive impacts may not cause symptoms Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Christopher J Nowinski, Hye Chang Rhim, Ann C McKee, Ross D Zafonte, David W Dodick, Robert C Cantu, Daniel H Daneshvar
Concussion is a traumatic brain injury (TBI) defined by the presence of transient signs and symptoms related to alterations in brain function due to biomechanical force.1 2 However, not every such force results in acute signs or symptoms, and recent research seeks to better understand the sequelae of both forces and injuries that are subclinical. The term ‘subconcussive’ has emerged to refer to both
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Women are disproportionately impacted by knee and hip osteoarthritis: why does this happen and how can we address it? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Andrea M Bruder, Melissa J Haberfield, Michael J M O'Brien, Joanne L Kemp
Knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) are leading causes of global disability in women and men and increase the risk of other chronic diseases (eg, diabetes and heart disease).1 However, women experience a disproportionate OA burden compared to men, including higher rates of OA and pain, and worse functional ability.2 The greatest risk factor for knee OA in girls and young women (16–45 years) is a traumatic
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Bridging the gap between strengthspan and lifespan Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Avery D Faigenbaum, Antonio Garcia-Hermoso, James P MacDonald, Arnaldo Mortatti, Tamara Rial Rebullido
Regular participation in muscle strength activities (MSA) is associated with a variety of health outcomes including decreases in all-cause mortality rates and increases in physical functioning, cardiometabolic health and psychosocial well-being.1 2 The importance of preserving muscular strength later in life is so compelling that clinicians have issued a ‘call to action’ for integrating strength-building
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We want healthy athletes and fair competition Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Yannis P Pitsiladis, Fabio Pigozzi, Michael Geistlinger, José Kawazoe Lazzoli, Maher Zahar, Norbert Bachl, Pedro Manonelles Marqueta, William O Roberts, Klaus-Michael Braumann, Eduardo H De Rose, Demitri Constantinou, Anca Ionescu, Christian Schneider, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Xavier Bigard
The Enhanced Games1 is a planned international multisport event masterminded by Aron D’Souza, Australian businessman, where athletes will not be subject to any form of testing by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) for prohibited list of substances and methods. Initially planned to be held in Australia in 2024, after the Paris 2024 Olympics, the event is now destined to take place in 2025. Reactions
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Pre-event ‘medical time out’ Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Ron Courson, Glenn Henry, Kyle Borque, Douglas J Casa, Micki S Collins, Christianne Eason, Greg Elkins, Jim Ellis, Warne Fitch, Richard Hunt, James Kyle, Lawrence J Lemak, Bert Mandelbaum, Kevin Morley, Catherine S O'Neal, Robb S Rehberg, Fred Reifsteck, Samantha E Scarneo-Miller, Allen Sills
Medical emergencies are an inherent risk in any sport, transcending boundaries and impacting athletes globally. From a cervical spine injury on the (American) football field to a sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) on the soccer pitch or an exertional heat stroke during a high school track meet, the potential for emergencies underscores the importance of preparedness and vigilance at every level and in all
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Baseline clinical and MRI risk factors for hamstring reinjury showing the value of performing baseline MRI and delaying return to play: a multicentre, prospective cohort of 330 acute hamstring injuries Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Muhammad Ikhwan Zein, Milo J K Mokkenstorm, Marco Cardinale, Louis Holtzhausen, Rod Whiteley, Maarten H Moen, Guus Reurink, Johannes L Tol
Objectives Studies identifying clinical and MRI reinjury risk factors are limited by relatively small sample sizes. This study aimed to examine the association between baseline clinical and MRI findings with the incidence of hamstring reinjuries using a large multicentre dataset. Methods We merged data from four prospective studies (three randomised controlled trials and one ongoing prospective case
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The power of Para sport: the effect of performance-focused swimming training on motor function in adolescents with cerebral palsy and high support needs (GMFCS IV) – a single-case experimental design with 30-month follow-up Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Iain Mayank Dutia, Mark Connick, Emma Beckman, Leanne Johnston, Paula Wilson, Angelo Macaro, Jennifer O'Sullivan, Sean Tweedy
Objective This study aims to evaluate the effect of a performance-focused swimming programme on motor function in previously untrained adolescents with cerebral palsy and high support needs (CPHSN) and to determine whether the motor decline typical of adolescents with CPHSN occurred in these swimmers. Methods A Multiple-Baseline, Single-Case Experimental Design (MB-SCED) study comprising five phases
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Health problems among elite Dutch youth long track speed skaters: a one-season prospective study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Matthias Hendricks, Alexander T M van de Water, Evert Verhagen
Objectives To describe the frequency, type, and severity of health problems in long-track speed skating to inform injury prevention strategies. Methods We prospectively collected weekly health and sport exposure data on 84 highly trained Dutch athletes aged 15–21 years during the 2019/2020 season using the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre questionnaire on Health Problems and the trainers’ documentation
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Are adjunct treatments effective in improving pain and function when added to exercise therapy in people with patellofemoral pain? A systematic review with meta-analysis and appraisal of the quality of interventions Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Larissa Rodrigues Souto, Danilo De Oliveira Silva, Marcella F Pazzinatto, Malu Santos Siqueira, Roberta Fátima Carreira Moreira, Fábio Viadanna Serrão
Objective To compare the effectiveness of adjunct treatments combined with exercise to exercise alone in people with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and explore the quality of intervention descriptions in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Design Systematic review. Data sources Seven databases were searched in November 2023. Eligibility RCTs that evaluated the effectiveness of any adjunct treatment combined
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Shoulder instability Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Clarissa Canella, Carolina Ávila de Almeida, Bruce B Forster, Rodrigo Aguiar
A tennis player in her 40s presented with persistent left shoulder pain and ‘clunking’, progressively worsening over months and exacerbated by serving. The onset follows a fall onto her left outstretched hand, and she reported episodes of the shoulder ‘slipping out of place’. Physical examination revealed tenderness, positive apprehension-relocation tests and limited external rotation. A 1.5T MRI arthrography
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What goes up must come down: injury and jumping in professional ballet (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Adam Mattiussi
The aims of this thesis were split into three sections, each containing two studies (figure 1). Section one aimed to describe injury epidemiology within a professional ballet company and systematically review jumping biomechanics in ballet dancers. Section two aimed to establish the reliability of lower extremity isometric force tests, and ankle mechanics and vertical ground reaction forces (vGRF)
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How race and socioeconomic status moderate the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study with compositional data Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Yujie Liu, Xin Ge, Ying Wang, Shan Qiao, Yong Cai
Objectives This study explored how race and socioeconomic status (SES) moderated the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and depressive symptoms with compositional data. Methods Participants were 2803 US adults from the 2005–2006 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Accelerometers were used to measure MVPA, light-intensity physical activity (LPA)
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Exploring usability in exercise interventions: from conceptualisation to measurement and application (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Anne Inger Mørtvedt
A literature review and three consecutive studies were developed to offer insights into usability testing and construct clarity within the realm of exercise interventions. The overarching goal was to accurately characterise and quantify the multidimensional concept of exercise programme usability, laying a robust foundation for measurement and subsequent improvement. Through the development and rigorous
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Is radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT), sham-rESWT or a standardised exercise programme in combination with advice plus customised foot orthoses more effective than advice plus customised foot orthoses alone in the treatment of plantar fasciopathy? A double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Marte Heide, Cecilie Røe, Marianne Mørk, Kjersti Myhre, Cathrine Brunborg, Jens Ivar Brox, Aasne Fenne Hoksrud
Objectives To assess whether radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT), sham-rESWT or a standardised exercise programme in combination with advice plus customised foot orthoses is more effective than advice plus customised foot orthoses alone in alleviating heel pain in patients with plantar fasciopathy. Methods 200 patients with plantar fasciopathy were included in a four-arm, parallel-group
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Exercise and mental health: a vital connection Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Christopher James Holland, Michale Cole, Jennifer Owens
In recent years, the link between physical activity and mental health has gained significant attention in mainstream science, highlighting an area where sport and exercise therapists can make a positive impact. While commonly associated with physical fitness, exercise also profoundly benefits mental health.1 2 Regular physical activity significantly reduces symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress
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Exercise as medicine for the brain: moving towards precise and personalised recommendations Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Patricio Solis-Urra, Beatriz Fernandez-Gamez, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Kirk I Erickson, Francisco B Ortega, Irene Esteban-Cornejo
Exercise promotes brain health. Human and animal studies have demonstrated acute and chronic effects of exercise on brain and cognitive function.1–3 Exercise is not a magic bullet solution to every brain and health condition, but it is one of the most promising and scalable approaches to improve and maintain brain health throughout the lifespan. The purpose of this editorial is to highlight research
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Female athletes with ADHD: time to level the playing field Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Kelly Collins
The significance of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in athlete populations has received much attention over the last decade. ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder, with a global prevalence of 5.9%–7.1% in adolescents and a male predominance ranging from 1.8 to 3.5:1.1 The prevalence may be even higher in athlete populations, at 7%–8%,2 with a similar sex ratio
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Causal overstatements in modern physical activity research Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno
Although advancements such as access to large datasets with device-measured physical behaviour, and advances in statistics, have improved our understanding of the associations between physical activity (PA) and health outcomes, PA research often contains causal overstatements. The line between correlational and causal PA research is narrow, and confounding and reverse causation may lead to false conclusions
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Bridging the research-to-practice time gap: disseminating research knowledge to sport and exercise medicine practitioners Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Christopher James Holland, Michael Cole
Sports injury management research has advanced significantly, allowing us to better understand effective preventative and treatment measures. However, the translation of these results into clinical practice is often delayed, resulting in a gap between current knowledge and its use in real-world settings. Knowledge transfer (KT) has become increasingly prevalent within scientific literature and an important
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The 11+ injury prevention programme decreases rate of hamstring strain injuries in male collegiate soccer players Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Holly Silvers-Granelli, Richard Silverman, Mario Bizzini, Kristian Thorborg, Robert H Brophy
Objectives To investigate if the 11+ injury prevention programme decreases the risk of hamstring injury and improves recovery time and determine whether compliance with the 11+ affects hamstring injury risk. Methods This study is a secondary analysis from a prospective cluster randomised controlled trial that included 65 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) division I and II men’s soccer
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Four distinct patterns of anterior cruciate ligament injury in women’s professional football (soccer): a systematic video analysis of 37 match injuries Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Leonard Achenbach, Hendrik Bloch, Christian Klein, Theresa Damm, Matthias Obinger, Maximilian Rudert, Werner Krutsch, Dominik Szymski
Background To identify mechanisms and patterns of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in adult women’s professional football by means of video match analysis. Methods ACL match injuries sustained in Germany’s first women’s league during the 2016–2017 to 2022–2023 seasons were prospectively analysed by three expert raters using a standardised observation form. Epidemiological and injury data, as
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Outrunning the grim reaper: longevity of the first 200 sub-4 min mile male runners Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Stephen Foulkes, Dean Hewitt, Rachel Skow, Douglas Dover, Padma Kaul, André La Gerche, Mark Haykowsky
Objectives To determine the impact of running a sub-4 min mile on longevity. It was hypothesised that there would be an increase in longevity for runners who successfully completed a sub-4 min mile compared with the general population. Methods As part of this retrospective cohort study, the Sub-4 Alphabetic Register was used to extract the first 200 athletes to run a sub-4 min mile. Each runner’s date
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Hip and core exercise programme prevents running-related overuse injuries in adult novice recreational runners: a three-arm randomised controlled trial (Run RCT) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Mari Leppänen, Janne Viiala, Piia Kaikkonen, Kari Tokola, Tommi Vasankari, Benno M Nigg, Tron Krosshaug, Penny Werthner, Jari Parkkari, Kati Pasanen
Objective This study aims to investigate the efficacy of two exercise interventions in reducing lower extremity (LE) injuries in novice recreational runners. Methods Novice runners (245 female, 80 male) were randomised into hip and core (n=108), ankle and foot (n=111) or control (n=106) groups. Interventions were completed before running and included exercise programmes focusing on either (1) hip and
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Consensus methods in patellofemoral pain: how rigorous are they? A scoping review Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Paul Blazey, Alex Scott, Clare L Ardern, Jennifer C Davis, Jackie L Whittaker, Justin M Losciale, Karim M Khan
Objective Clinicians treating patients with patellofemoral pain (PFP) rely on consensus statements to make the best practice recommendations in the absence of definitive evidence on how to manage PFP. However, the methods used to generate and assess agreement for these recommendations have not been examined. Our objective was to map the methods used to generate consensus-based recommendations for PFP
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Sports and exercise therapy for marginalised communities: graduate sports therapists in East London Foundation Trust Mental Health and the British Transplant Games Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Michael Cole, Jennifer Owens, Christopher James Holland
The number of people engaging with secondary mental health services in England is high and increasing, with a 10% rise from 3 256 695 (2021–2022) to 3 582 864 (2022–2023).1 The prevalence of mental health issues is particularly high among younger demographics, with one in five children and young people aged 8–25 in England experiencing a probable mental health disorder.2 The incidence is even higher
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Brain-body dance: addressing mental health during injury rehabilitation Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 William Bracewell
My career in ballet is probably one that echoes many others. I started dancing around the age of 8, and was recognised by my teacher at the time as having potential to progress further. At the age of 11, I moved from Swansea to London, after receiving a place to live and train full time at The Royal Ballet School. This was an intense introduction into the ballet world to say the least; a pressure cooker
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‘Playing catch-up’: safety and optimal tackle outcomes in women’s rugby union (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Kathryn Dane
I aimed to explore the safety and optimal tackle outcomes in women’s rugby union (henceforth called rugby). Using the evidence-based medicine model as a guiding framework, I employed multiple methods, integrating player values and coaching expertise with empirical and systematic approaches (figure 1).1 Figure 1 Venn diagram outlining thesis studies and their relation to evidence-based practice (EBP)
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Bridging gaps, shaping futures: pelvic floor health for athletes (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Silvia Giagio
The aim of my thesis was to gain an in-depth understanding of various aspects of pelvic health in athletes, especially females. To achieve this, I combined different research method designs to investigate and summarise the available evidence on pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) prevalence data and interventions, to improve the screening referral process and to disseminate evidence-based information to
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Wrestling injuries during the 2016 Rio and 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Babak Shadgan, Nima Molavi, Elena Abaeva, Saam Falahati, Stevan Sikimic, Loukas Konstantinou, Szabolcs Molnar
Objectives To evaluate and compare the injuries of Olympic wrestlers during the 2016 Rio and 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games held in August 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this descriptive epidemiological study, injury report forms were used to collect and analyse injury data during the competitions. Results During 410 matches in the Rio Olympic Games, 21 injuries were recorded among 346 wrestlers
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Does the addition of motor control or strengthening exercises to education result in better outcomes for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain? (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-14 Marc-Olivier Dubé
I led a randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing the effect on symptoms and function of three interventions (education, education and strengthening exercises (SE), education and motor control exercises (MCE)) for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain (RCRSP) management (figure 1).1 2 I also conducted secondary analyses (1) to determine if the intervention received influences pain self-efficacy (PSE)
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Methods for recording and reporting of epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport: ReFORM synthesis of the International Olympic Committee consensus statement Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Pascal Edouard, Camille Tooth
Epidemiological studies through injury and illness surveillance and data collection are fundamental to protect athlete health. To encourage consistency in definitions and methodology, and to allow for data comparison between studies, consensus statements have been published in various sports. The aim of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus by Bahr et al 1 on methods for collecting and
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Using reporting guidelines in sports and exercise medicine research: why and how to raise the bar? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 David Blanco, Aïda Cadellans-Arróniz, Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio, Melissa K Sharp, Martí Casals, Pascal Edouard
Have you already heard about the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), or Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT)? Are you using these reporting guidelines (RGs)? And if so, how? These, and other guidelines, should be used when submitting research manuscripts to most of journals in the field of sports
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Passing the baton of medical disaster preparedness advice from city medical supervisors of the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games to future host medical organisers Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-05 Soichiro Kato, Yoshitaka Inoue, Yoshihiro Yamaguchi
Globally, mass gathering events are always a challenge for the host city because of the threats of man-made or natural disasters, which include the outbreaks of infectious diseases.1 The Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games (TOPG 2020) became an unusual historic event due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which forced its postponement for 1 year. It was held later in 2021 summer amidst a declaration of
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‘T-junction’ hamstring muscle injury in an elite-level football player Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-05 Kevin Cronin, Fearghal Kerin, Stuart O’Flanagan, Eamonn Delahunt
Hamstring muscle injuries are the most prevalent injury sustained by elite-level football players.1 2 They account for as many as 24% and 12% of all injuries in European elite-level men’s and women’s football, respectively.1 2 The distal musculotendinous T junction (T-junction) of the biceps femoris muscle is formed by the confluence of the epimyseal surfaces of the anterolateral long head and posterolateral
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Beyond the game: a community’s transformation through sports Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Kanishka Pandey
This story revolves around the twin villages of Bahadarpur and Khedi-Viran in Muzaffarnagar District, Uttar Pradesh, India.1 These villages are situated in what is known as the ‘Sugar Bowl of India’, primarily reliant on agriculture, especially sugarcane, with additional industries in steel and paper. Despite being a significant agricultural hub, the region lacks essential facilities in education,
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Prevalence of urinary incontinence in Brazilian para athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Pê Nascimento Barbosa, Marina Petter Rodrigues, Anselmo de Athayde Costa e Silva, Carla Iasmin Lima Lemos, Marília Passos Magno e Silva
Objective To describe the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in para athletes in Brazil. Methods This is a cross-sectional study with Brazilian para athletes with physical impairments from all para sports. The data from 86 participants of both sexes (60 males and 26 females) were collected through an online survey that gathered sociodemographic data and the International Consultation on Incontinence
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Highlighting equity in physical activity, sport and clinical practice Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Jenna M Schulz, Jane S Thornton
Health equity, as defined by the WHO, ensures that all participants, regardless of background or ability can access and benefit from the essential elements of health and well-being.1 For physical activity and sport, equity often involves breaking down barriers to participation, whether they be financial, cultural or physical. This edition of the BJSM focuses on these three key areas of equity within
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Active travel and health equity: towards an intersectional approach Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Rachel Aldred, Robin Mazumder
Active travel covers walking, cycling and for instance, push-scooting, skateboarding, manual wheelchair use, electrically assisted bikes and handcycles. Increased active travel is one of the most effective ways of increasing population physical activity, as it can form part of daily life, whereas leisure time physical activity may be more expensive and/or time-consuming. Various factors including housing