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An international Multi-Institutional validation of T1 Sub-staging of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm-derived pancreatic cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Joseph R Habib, Ingmar F Rompen, Brady A Campbell, Paul C M Andel, Benedict Kinny-Köster, Ryte Damaseviciute, D Brock Hewitt, Greg D Sacks, Ammar A Javed, Marc G Besselink, Hjalmar C van Santvoort, Lois A Daamen, Martin Loos, Jin He, I Quintus Molenaar, Markus W Büchler, Christopher L Wolfgang
Background Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN)-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is resected at smaller sizes compared to its biologically distinct counterpart, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN)-derived PDAC. Thus, experts proposed T1 sub-staging for IPMN-derived PDAC. However, this has never been validated. Methods Consecutive upfront surgery patients with IPMN-derived
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Risk factors for breast cancer subtypes by race and ethnicity: A scoping review J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Amber N Hurson, Thomas U Ahearn, Hela Koka, Brittany D Jenkins, Alexandra R Harris, Sylvia Roberts, Sharon Fan, Jamirra Franklin, Gisela Butera, Renske Keeman, Audrey Y Jung, Pooja Middha, Gretchen L Gierach, Xiaohong R Yang, Jenny Chang-Claude, Rulla M Tamimi, Melissa A Troester, Elisa V Bandera, Mustapha Abubakar, Marjanka K Schmidt, Montserrat Garcia-Closas
Background Breast cancer is comprised of distinct molecular subtypes. Studies have reported differences in risk factor associations with breast cancer subtypes, especially by tumor estrogen receptor (ER) status, but their consistency across racial and ethnic populations has not been comprehensively evaluated. Methods We conducted a qualitative, scoping literature review using the Preferred Reporting
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Prevalence of cancer survivors in the United States J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-13 Emily Tonorezos, Theresa Devasia, Angela B Mariotto, Michelle A Mollica, Lisa Gallicchio, Paige Green, Michelle Doose, Rachelle Brick, Brennan Streck, Crystal Reed, Janet S de Moor
Background With aging of the population and improvements in diagnosis, treatment, and supportive care, the number of cancer survivors in the United States has increased; updated prevalence estimates are needed. Methods Cancer prevalence on January 1, 2022, was estimated using the Prevalence Incidence Approach Model, utilizing incidence, survival, and mortality. Prevalence by age decade, sex, and time
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Older Adults with Cancer and Common Comorbidities—Challenges and Opportunities in Improving Their Cancer Treatment Outcomes J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Weiwei Chen, Rachel D Altshuler, Phil Daschner, Carolina Salvador Morales, Diane C St Germain, Jennifer Guida, Pataje G S Prasanna, Jeffrey C Buchsbaum
The older American population is rapidly increasing, and millions of older adults will be cancer survivors with comorbidities. This population faces specific challenges regarding treatment and has unique clinical needs. Recognizing this need, the National Cancer Institute (NCI), in collaboration with the National Institute on Aging (NIA), hosted a webinar series, entitled “Cancer, Aging, and Comorbidities
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ERBB2 amplification in gastric cancer: a genomic insight into ethnic disparities J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Muhammad Bilal Mirza, Jungyoon Choi, Paula Marincola Smith, Jordan J Baechle, Chandrasekhar Padmanabhan, Andreana N Holowatyj, Shailja C Shah, Xingyi Guo, Kamran Idrees
Overall, gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) incidence rates have declined in recent years, but racial and ethnic disparities persist. Individuals who identify as Hispanic/Spanish/Latino are diagnosed with GC at younger ages and have poorer outcomes than non-Hispanic individuals. However, our understanding of GC biology across racial/ethnic groups remains limited. We assessed tumor genomic patterns by race/ethnicity
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Personalized starting age of gastric cancer screening based on individuals' risk profiles: a population-based prospective study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-08 Siyi He, Zhiyi Zhang, Guohui Song, Zhenhai Wang, He Li, Maomao Cao, Fan Yang, Dianqin Sun, Xinxin Yan, Shaoli Zhang, Yi Teng, Qianru Li, Changfa Xia, Wanqing Chen
Background The current recommended starting age for gastric cancer (GC) lacks unified guideline and individualized criteria. We aimed to determine risk-stratified starting age for GC screening in China based on individuals’ risk profiles, and develop an online calculator for clinical application. Methods In this multi-center population-based prospective study, we divided participants enrolled during
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Optimizing early phase clinical trial washout periods: a report from the therapeutic advances in childhood leukemia and lymphoma (TACL) consortium J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Eric S Schafer, Teresa Rushing, Kristine R Crews, Colleen Annesley, Susan I Colace, Nicole Kaiser, Lauren Pommert, Laura B Ramsey, Himalee S Sabnis, Kenneth Wong, Bill H Chang, Todd M Cooper, Nirali N Shah, Susan R Rheingold, Andrew E Place, Yueh-Yun Chi, Deepa Bhojwani, Alan S Wayne, M Brooke Bernhardt
Purpose The National Cancer Institute (NCI) issued a 2021 memorandum adopting the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and Friends of Cancer Research (Friends) task force recommendations to broaden clinical study eligibility criteria. They recommended that washout periods be eliminated for most prior cancer therapy and when required, to utilize evidence/rationale-based criteria. The Therapeutic
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Ovarian cancer risk factors in relation to family history J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Guoqiao Zheng, Louise Baandrup, Jiangrong Wang, Rasmus Hertzum-Larsen, Charlotte Gerd Hannibal, Mette Tuxen Faber, Karin Sundström, Susanne K Kjær
Background Women with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer have an increased ovarian cancer risk. Yet it remains uncertain if common ovarian cancer risk factors—especially those which are modifiable—affect this high-risk population similarly to the general population. Methods Using the Danish and Swedish nationwide registers, we established two nested case-control study populations in women
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Genomic instability in non-breast/ovarian malignancies of individuals with germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Lisa Elze, Rachel S van der Post, Janet R Vos, Arjen R Mensenkamp, Samhita Pamidimarri Naga, Juliet E Hampstead, Emma Vermeulen, Michiel Oorsprong, Tom Hofste, Michiel Simons, Iris D Nagtegaal, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Richarda M de Voer, Marjolijn J L Ligtenberg
Background Individuals with germline pathogenic variants (gPVs) in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) are at a high risk of breast- and ovarian carcinomas (BOCs) with BRCA1/2-deficiency and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) that can be detected by analysis of genome-wide genomic instability features such as large-scale state transitions, telomeric allelic imbalances and genomic loss-of-heterozygosity
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Cancers with epidemiologic signatures of viral oncogenicity among immunocompromised populations in the United States J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Cameron B Haas, Meredith S Shiels, Ruth M Pfeiffer, Monica D’Arcy, Qianlai Luo, Kelly Yu, April A Austin, Colby Cohen, Paige Miller, Bozena M Morawski, Karen Pawlish, William T Robinson, Eric A Engels
Background Immunosuppressed individuals have elevated risk of virus-related cancers. Identifying cancers with elevated risk in people with HIV (PWH) and solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs), two immunosuppressed populations, may help identify novel etiologic relationships with infectious agents. Methods We utilized two linkages of population-based cancer registries with HIV and transplant registries
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Incidence of Peritoneal Cancer Following Oophorectomy among BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 Steven A Narod, Jacek Gronwald, Beth Karlan, Pal Moller, Tomasz Huzarski, Nadine Tung, Amber Aeilts, Andrea Eisen, Susan Randall Armel, Christian F Singer, William D Foulkes, Susan L Neuhausen, Olufunmilayo Olopade, Tuya Pal, Robert Fruscio, Kelly Metcalfe, Rebecca Raj, Michelle Jacobson, Ping Sun, Jan Lubinski, Joanne Kotsopoulos
Background To estimate the incidence of primary peritoneal cancer following preventive bilateral oophorectomy in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. Methods A total of 6,310 women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation who underwent a preventive bilateral oophorectomy were followed for a mean of 7.8 years from oophorectomy. The 20-year cumulative incidence of peritoneal cancer post-oophorectomy was estimated
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Using Neurocognitive Phenotypes to Inform Interventions for Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 Pia Banerjee, Nicholas S Phillips, Wei Liu, Matthew J Ehrhardt, Nickhill Bhakta, Tara M Brinkman, Annalynn M Williams, Yutaka Yasui, Raja B Khan, Deokumar Srivastava, Kirsten K Ness, Leslie L Robison, Melissa M Hudson, Kevin R Krull
Background Neurocognitive impairments are sequelae of childhood cancer treatment, however little guidance is given to clinicians on common phenotypes of impairment, or modifiable risk factors that could lead to personalized interventions in survivorship. Methods Standardized clinical testing of neurocognitive function was conducted in 2,958 (74.1%) eligible survivors, who were ≥5 years post-diagnosis
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Poverty, race, ethnicity, and survival in pediatric nonmetastatic osteosarcoma: a Children’s Oncology Group report J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Lenka Ilcisin, Ruxu Han, Mark Krailo, David S Shulman, Brent R Weil, Christopher B Weldon, Puja Umaretiya, Rahela Aziz-Bose, Katie A Greenzang, Richard Gorlick, Damon R Reed, R Lor Randall, Helen Nadel, Odion Binitie, Steven G Dubois, Katherine A Janeway, Kira Bona
Background Children living in poverty and those of marginalized race or ethnicity experience inferior disease outcomes across many cancers. Whether survival disparities exist in osteosarcoma is poorly defined. We investigated the association between race, ethnicity, and proxied poverty exposures and event-free and overall survival for children with nonmetastatic osteosarcoma receiving care on a cooperative
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Watch and Wait in Rectal Cancer Patients with Residual Mucin on MRI following Neoadjuvant Therapy J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Sean J Judge, Parisa Malekzadeh, Marina J Corines, Marc J Gollub, Natally Horvat, Mithat Gonen, Leonard Saltz, Andrea Cercek, Paul Romesser, Christopher Crane, Jinru Shia, Iris Wei, Maria Widmar, Emmanouil Pappou, Garrett M Nash, J Joshua Smith, Philip B Paty, Julio Garcia-Aguilar, Martin R Weiser
Background Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) leads to a clinical complete response (cCR) in a significant proportion of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), allowing for possible nonoperative management. The presence of mucin on MRI after NAT leads to uncertainty about residual disease and appropriateness of a watch-and-wait (WW) strategy in patients with no evidence of disease on proctoscopy
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Racial discrimination and healthcare system trust among American adults with and without cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Jordyn A Brown, Brianna D Taffe, Jennifer A Richmond, Mya L Roberson
Background Racial and ethnic minoritized groups report disproportionately lower trust in the healthcare system. Lower healthcare system trust is potentially related to increased exposure to racial discrimination in medical settings, but this association is not fully understood. We examined the association between racial discrimination in medical care and trust in the healthcare system among people
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The risk and benefit profiles of US eligible lung cancer screening attendees vs. non-attendees J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Elizabeth Y Zhang, Li C Cheung, Hormuzd A Katki, Barry I Graubard, Ahmedin Jemal, Anil K Chaturvedi, Rebecca Landy
Background The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommend lung-cancer screening for individuals aged 50-80 with ≥20 pack-years and ≤15 quit-years, but uptake is low. The risk and benefit profiles of screening attendees are unknown; consequently, the impact and lost opportunity of ongoing lung-cancer screening in the US remains unclear. Methods We estimated lung-cancer death risk
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Fecal, Duodenal and Tumor Microbiota Composition of Esophageal Carcinoma Patients, a Longitudinal Prospective Cohort J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-25 Tom van den Ende, Nicolien C de Clercq, Mark Davids, Ruben Goedegebuure, Benthe H Doeve, Gati Ebrahimi, Jeroen Buijsen, Ronald Hoekstra, Nadia Haj Mohammad, Maarten F Bijlsma, Max Nieuwdorp, Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
BACKGROUND The microbiome has been associated with chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy. How this pertains to resectable esophageal carcinoma (EC) is unknown. Our aim was to identify microbial signatures in resectable EC associated with response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with or without ICI. METHODS From two prospectively collected EC cohorts (n = 172 in total)
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Comparing characteristics of individuals screened for lung cancer with 2021 versus 2013 USPSTF recommendations J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-24 Louise M Henderson, Danielle D Durham, James Gruden, Michael Pritchard, Lindsay Lane, Jason Long, Christina Bellinger, M Patricia Rivera
We conducted a cross-sectional multi-center study to compare the demographics, clinical characteristics, and lung cancer screening (LCS) results among those eligible for LCS per 2013 vs 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations. Statistical tests are two-sided, with p < .05 considered statistically significant. Among 17,702 screened individuals (85.2% 2013 Eligible, 14.8% 2021
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Effect of smoking on melanoma incidence: a systematic review with meta-analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-24 Erica B Friedman, Gabrielle J Williams, Serigne N Lo, John F Thompson
Background There is a strong correlation between cigarette smoking and the development of many cancer types. It is therefore paradoxical that multiple reports have suggested a reduced incidence of melanoma in smokers. This study aimed to analyze all existing studies of melanoma incidence in smokers relative to non-smokers. Methods Searches of MEDLINE and Embase were conducted for studies reporting
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Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab+chemotherapy/adjuvant pembrolizumab for Early-Stage Triple-Negative breast cancer: Quality-of-Life results from randomized KEYNOTE-522 study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-24 Rebecca Dent, Javier Cortés, Lajos Pusztai, Heather McArthur, Sherko Kümmel, Jonas Bergh, Carsten Denkert, Yeon Hee Park, Rina Hui, Nadia Harbeck, Masato Takahashi, Michael Untch, Peter A Fasching, Fatima Cardoso, Amin Haiderali, Liyi Jia, Allison Martin Nguyen, Wilbur Pan, Joyce O’Shaughnessy, Peter Schmid
Background In KEYNOTE-522 (NCT03036488), neoadjuvant pembrolizumab+chemotherapy then adjuvant pembrolizumab significantly improved pathological complete response and event-free survival vs neoadjuvant chemotherapy in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We report patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from KEYNOTE-522. Methods Patients were randomized 2:1 to neoadjuvant pembrolizumab 200 mg
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Differences in Tumor-Associated T cell receptor repertoires between Early-Onset and Average-Onset colorectal cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Ya-Yu Tsai, Kanika G Nair, Shimoli V Barot, Shao Xiang, Suneel Kamath, Marilena Melas, Christopher P Walker, Raghvendra Srivastava, Nicole Osborne, Timothy A Chan, Jonathan B Mitchem, Joseph D Bonner, Kevin J McDonnell, Gregory E Idos, Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona, Joel K Greenson, Hedy S Rennert, Gad Rennert, Victor Moreno, Stephen B Gruber, Alok A Khorana, David Liska, Stephanie L Schmit
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among individuals younger than age 50 (early onset CRC; EOCRC) has substantially increased, yet the etiology and molecular mechanisms underlying this alarming rise remain unclear. We compared tumor-associated T cell repertoires between EOCRC and average-onset CRC (AOCRC) to uncover potentially unique immune microenvironment-related features by age of onset.
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Resource requirements to accelerate clinical applications of next generation sequencing and radiomics: Workshop commentary and review J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Lyndsay Harris, Lalitha K Shankar, Claire Hildebrandt, Wendy S Rubinstein, Kristofor Langlais, Henry Rodriguez, Adam Berger, John Freymann, Erich P Huang, P Mickey Williams, Jean Claude Zenklusen, Robert Ochs, Zivana Tezak, Berkman Sahiner
The National Institutes of Health (NIH)/U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Joint Leadership Council Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and Radiomics Working Group (NGS&R WG) was formed by the NIH/FDA Joint Leadership Council to promote the development and validation of innovative NGS tests, radiomic tools, and associated data analysis and interpretation enhanced by artificial intelligence (AI) and
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The state of Cancer-Focused community outreach and engagement (COE): reflections of black COE directors J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-12 Kimlin Tam Ashing, Nadine J Barrett, Monica L Baskin, Lisa Carter-Bawa, Timiya S Nolan, Folakemi T Odedina, Kim F Rhoads, Vanessa B Sheppard, Charnita Zeigler-Johnson, Hayley S Thompson
The requirement of community outreach and engagement (COE) as a major component of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Center Support Grant has had enormous impact on the way NCI-designated cancer centers identify, investigate, and address the needs of their catchment area (CA) communities. Given the wide-ranging diversity of our nation, COE’s scope of work is extremely demanding and complex
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RET overexpression leads to increased brain metastatic competency in luminal breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-06-10 Petra Jagust, Aoibhin M Powell, Mihaela Ola, Louise Watson, Ana de Pablos-Aragoneses, Pedro García- Gómez, Ramón Fallon, Fiona Bane, Mona Heiland, Gareth Morris, Brenton Cavanagh, Jason McGrath, Daniela Ottaviani, Aisling Hegarty, Sinéad Cocchiglia, Kieron J Sweeney, Stephen MacNally, Francesca M Brett, Jane Cryan, Alan Beausang, Patrick Morris, Manuel Valiente, Arnold D K Hill, Damir Varešlija, Leonie
Background Breast cancer brain metastasis is a rising occurrence, necessitating a better understanding of the mechanisms involved for effective management. Breast cancer brain metastases diverge notably from the primary tumor, with gains in kinase and concomitant losses of steroid signaling observed. In this study, we explored the role of the kinase receptor RET in promoting breast cancer brain metastases
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The association of body composition phenotypes before chemotherapy with epithelial ovarian cancer mortality J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-28 Evan W Davis, Kristopher Attwood, Joseph Prunier, Gyorgy Paragh, Janine M Joseph, André Klein, Charles Roche, Nancy Barone, John Lewis Etter, Andrew D Ray, Britton Trabert, Matthew B Schabath, Lauren C Peres, Rikki Cannioto
Background The association of body composition with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) mortality is poorly understood. To date, evidence suggests high adiposity associates with decreased mortality (an obesity paradox), but the impact of muscle on this association has not been investigated. Herein, we define associations of muscle and adiposity joint-exposure body composition phenotypes with EOC mortality
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Alzheimer’s disease-related biomarkers and cancer-related cognitive decline: the thinking and living with cancer study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-24 Jeanne Mandelblatt, Jeffrey L Dage, Xingtao Zhou, Brent J Small, Tim A Ahles, Jaeil Ahn, Ashley Artese, Traci N Bethea, Elizabeth C Breen, Judith E Carroll, Harvey J Cohen, Martine Extermann, Deena Graham, Claudine Isaacs, Heather S L Jim, Brenna C Mcdonald, Zev M Nakamura, Sunita K Patel, G William Rebeck, Kelly E Rentscher, James C Root, Kristen A Russ, Danielle B Tometich, R Scott Turner, Kathleen
Purpose We evaluated whether plasma Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)-related biomarkers were associated with cancer-related cognitive decline (CRCD) among older breast cancer survivors. Methods We included survivors 60-90 years with primary stage 0-III breast cancers (n = 236) and frequency-matched non-cancer controls (n = 154) who passed a cognitive screen and had banked plasma specimens. Participants were
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Combining anti-VEGFR and anti-EGFR antibodies: Randomized phase II study of irinotecan and cetuximab with/without ramucirumab in second-line colorectal cancer:(ECOG-ACRIN E7208) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-22 Howard S Hochster, Paul Catalano, Michelle Weitz, Edith P Mitchell, Deirdre Cohen, Peter J O’Dwyer, Bryan A Faller, Jeremy S Kortmanky, Mark H O’Hara, Sheetal M Kricher, Jill Lacy, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Udit Verma, Al B Benson
Introduction Early studies showed promise of combined anti-EGFR plus anti-VEGF antibodies for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), yet this was later rejected as toxic and ineffective in studies not selected for RAS status. We studied advanced KRAS wild-type CRC, as second-line treatment, using irinotecan-cetuximab (IC) with or without the anti-VEGFR antibody, ramucirumab (ICR). Methods Patients with
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Association between oral targeted cancer drug net health benefit, uptake, and spending J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Kelsey S Lau-Min, Yaxin Wu, Shavon Rochester, Justin E Bekelman, Genevieve P Kanter, Kelly D Getz
Background Targeted cancer drugs (TCDs) have revolutionized oncology but vary in clinical benefit and patient out-out-pocket (OOP) costs. The ASCO Value Framework uses survival, toxicity, and symptom palliation data to quantify the net health benefit (NHB) of cancer drugs. We evaluated associations between NHB, uptake, and spending on oral TCDs. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of
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Health insurance among survivors of childhood cancer following affordable care act implementation J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Anne C Kirchhoff, Austin R Waters, Qi Liu, Xu Ji, Yutaka Yasui, K Robin Yabroff, Rena M Conti, I-Chan Huang, Tara Henderson, Wendy M Leisenring, Gregory T Armstrong, Paul C Nathan, Elyse R Park
Background The Affordable Care Act (ACA) increased private non-employer health insurance options, expanded Medicaid eligibility, and provided pre-existing health conditions protections. We evaluated insurance coverage among long-term adult survivors of childhood cancer pre/post-ACA implementation. Methods Using the multicenter Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, we included participants from two cross-sectional
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The use of master protocols for efficient trial design to evaluate radiotherapy interventions: a systematic review J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Alexandra Gilbert, Robert Samuel, Daniel Cagney, David Sebag-Montefiore, Julia Brown, Sarah R Brown
The aim of this review was to highlight why the use of master protocols trial design is particularly useful for radiotherapy intervention trials where complex-set up pathways (including quality assurance, user training, integrating multiple modalities of treatment) may hinder clinical advances. We carried out a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines, reviewing the findings using a landscape
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Prevalence of anal cytology screening among persons with HIV and lack of access to high-resolution anoscopy at HIV care facilities J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Sun Hee Rim, Linda Beer, Mona Saraiya, Yunfeng Tie, Xin Yuan, John Weiser
Background Persons with HIV (PWH) at highest risk of anal cancer include gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and transgender women aged ≥ 35 years, and other PWH aged ≥ 45 years. Identifying and treating precancerous lesions can reduce anal cancer incidence in these groups. We assessed prevalence of anal cytology and access to high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) among PWH, overall
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Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Men Exposed to α1-Adrenoceptor Antagonists J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Lars Björnebo, Shirin Razdan, Andrea Discacciati, Thorgerdur Palsdottir, Markus Aly, Tobias Nordström, Martin Eklund, Dara Lundon, Henrik Grönberg, Ash Tewari, Peter Wiklund, Natasha Kyprianou, Anna Lantz
Background α1-antagonists are commonly used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. Preclinical studies suggest they induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth. This study evaluates the risk of prostate cancer death in men using α1-antagonists. Methods A population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden (January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2019) including 451,779 men with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
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Long-term cardiovascular disease risk after anthracycline and trastuzumab treatments in U.S. breast cancer survivors J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Jacqueline B Vo, Cody Ramin, Lene H S Veiga, Carolyn Brandt, Rochelle E Curtis, Clara Bodelon, Ana Barac, Véronique L Roger, Heather Spencer Feigelson, Diana S M Buist, Erin J Aiello Bowles, Gretchen L Gierach, Amy Berrington de González
Background Although breast cancer survivors are at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) from treatment late effects, evidence to inform long-term and age-specific cardiovascular surveillance recommendations is lacking. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 10,211 women diagnosed with first primary unilateral breast cancer in Kaiser Permanente Washington or Colorado (aged 20+, survived
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Recent and projected incidence trends and risk of anal cancer among people with HIV in North america J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Ashish A Deshmukh, Yueh-Yun Lin, Haluk Damgacioglu, Meredith Shiels, Sally B Coburn, Raynell Lang, Keri N Althoff, Richard Moore, Michael J Silverberg, Alan G Nyitray, Jagpreet Chhatwal, Kalyani Sonawane, Keith Sigel
Background Anal cancer risk is elevated among people with HIV (PWH). Recent anal cancer incidence patterns among PWH in the United States (US) and Canada remain unclear. It is unknown how the incidence patterns may evolve in future years. Methods Using data from the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design, we investigated absolute anal cancer incidence and incidence trends in
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ATR inhibitor, camonsertib, dose optimization in patients with biomarker-selected advanced solid tumors (TRESR study) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Elisa Fontana, Ezra Rosen, Elizabeth K Lee, Martin Højgaard, Niharika B Mettu, Stephanie Lheureux, Benedito A Carneiro, Gregory M Cote, Louise Carter, Ruth Plummer, Devalingam Mahalingam, Adrian J Fretland, Joseph D Schonhoft, Ian M Silverman, Marisa Wainszelbaum, Yi Xu, Danielle Ulanet, Maria Koehler, Timothy A Yap
Background Camonsertib is a selective oral inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase with demonstrated efficacy in tumors with DNA damage response gene deficiencies. On-target anemia is the main drug-related toxicity typically manifesting after the period of dose-limiting toxicity evaluation. Thus dose/schedule optimization requires extended follow-up to assess prolonged treatment
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Executing plans to enhance diversity across cancer centers in the United States: Opportunities and challenges J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Christopher I Li, Sherise Chantell Rogers, Carol J Bult, Carmen E Guerra, Angela Talton, Lovoria B Williams, Wendy Law
Background Lack of diversity in the cancer research workforce persists which the new requirement for all NCI-designated cancer centers to have a Plan to Enhance Diversity (PED) seeks to address. However, it is not well understood how different cancer centers are approaching the development and execution of these plans. Our objective was to assess how cancer centers are establishing and pursuing their
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Precision medicine for pancreatic cancer: Characterizing the clinico-genomic landscape and outcomes of KRAS G12C-mutated disease J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Fergus Keane, Joanne F Chou, Henry Walch, Joshua Schoenfeld, Anupriya Singhal, Darren Cowzer, Emily Harrold, Catherine O’Connor, Wungki Park, Anna Varghese, Imane El Dika, Fiyinfolu Balogun, Kenneth H Yu, Marinela Capanu, Nikolaus Schultz, Rona Yaeger, Eileen M O’Reilly
Background Mutated KRAS is the most common oncogene alteration in pancreatic cancer (PDAC), and KRAS G12C mutations (KRAS G12Cmut) are observed in 1-2%. Several inhibitors of KRAS G12C have recently demonstrated promise in solid tumors, including PDAC. Little is known regarding clinical, genomics and outcome data of this population. Methods Patients with PDAC and KRAS G12Cmut were identified at Memorial
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Identification of TP53 germline variants in pediatric patients undergoing tumor testing: strategy and prevalence J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Minjie Luo, Derek Wong, Kristin Zelley, Jinhua Wu, Jeffery Schubert, Elizabeth H Denenberg, Elizabeth A Fanning, Jiani Chen, Daniel Gallo, Netta Golenberg, Maha Patel, Laura K Conlin, Kara N Maxwell, Gerald B Wertheim, Lea F Surrey, Yiming Zhong, Garrett M Brodeur, Suzanne P MacFarland, Marilyn M Li
Background TP53 alterations are common in certain pediatric cancers, making identification of putative germline variants through tumor genomic profiling crucial for patient management. Methods We analyzed TP53 alterations in 3123 tumors from 2788 pediatric patients sequenced using tumor-only or tumor-normal paired panels. Germline confirmatory testing was performed when indicated. Somatic and germline
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Cancer control Co-benefits of the Climate-Related provisions in the American inflation reduction act J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Kilan C Ashad-Bishop, K Robin Yabroff, Leticia Nogueira
The American Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) of 2022 contains climate-related provisions that may have significant implications for cancer control and prevention. This commentary assesses the potential co-benefits of the IRA for cancer control efforts, specifically policies and programs to reduce carcinogen exposure via air quality monitoring and air pollution reduction. Allocations through the IRA for
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Expanding active living after cancer to underserved cancer survivors and their caregivers J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Scherezade K Mama, Stacy J Mitchell, Patricia V Tracy, Luz Y Pena, Carolina D Moreno, Adriana Valdes, Yue Liao, Che Young Lee, Ashley Alexander, Margaret R Raber, Lorna H Mcneill, Karen Basen-Engquist
Background Physical activity (PA) improves physical and psychological health in cancer survivors. This study evaluated Active Living After Cancer (ALAC), a community-based program to improve PA, physical function, and quality of life (QOL) in minority and medically underserved cancer survivors and their caregivers. Methods Participants completed 12 weekly ALAC sessions and assessments of PA, physical
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Growing the global cancer care system: success stories from around the world and lessons for the future J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Edward Christopher Dee, C S Pramesh, Christopher M Booth, Fidel Rubagumya, Miriam Mutebi, Erin Jay G Feliciano, Michelle Ann B Eala, Giovanni G Cerri, Ophira Ginsburg, Bishal Gyawali, Fabio Ynoe de Moraes
Despite significant biomedical advancements in various realms of oncology, the benefits of these developments are not equitably distributed, particularly in under-resourced settings. While much work has described the challenges and systemic barriers in global cancer control, in this essay we focus on success stories. This piece describes clinical care delivered at Rwanda’s Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence
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The association of healthcare contact days with physical function and survival in CCTG/AGITG CO.17 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Arjun Gupta, Christopher J O'Callaghan, Liting Zhu, Derek J Jonker, Ralph P W Wong, Bruce Colwell, Malcolm J Moore, Christos S Karapetis, Niall C Tebbutt, Jeremy D Shapiro, Dongsheng Tu, Christopher M Booth
Introduction While contact days—days with healthcare contact outside home—are increasingly adopted as a measure of time toxicity and treatment burden, they could also serve as a surrogate of treatment-related harm. We sought to assess the association between contact days and patient-reported outcomes, and the prognostic ability of contact days. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of CO.17 that
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Radiomic signatures associated with tumor immune heterogeneity predict survival in locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Da-Feng Lin, Hai-Lin Li, Ting Liu, Xiao-Fei Lv, Chuan-Miao Xie, Xiao-Min Ou, Jian Guan, Ye Zhang, Wen-Bin Yan, Mei-Lin He, Meng-Yuan Mao, Xun Zhao, Lian-Zhen Zhong, Wen-Hui Chen, Qiu-Yan Chen, Hai-Qiang Mai, Rou-Jun Peng, Jie Tian, Lin-Quan Tang, Di Dong
Background The prognostic value of traditional clinical indicators for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (lrNPC) is limited due to their inability to reflect intratumor heterogeneity. We aimed to develop a radiomic signature to reveal tumor immune heterogeneity and predict survival in lrNPC. Methods This multicenter, retrospective study included 921 patients with lrNPC. A machine learning
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Systematic investigation of genetically determined plasma and urinary metabolites to discover potential interventional targets for colorectal cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Jing Sun, Jianhui Zhao, Siyun Zhou, Xinxuan Li, Tengfei Li, Lijuan Wang, Shuai Yuan, Dong Chen, Philip J Law, Susanna C Larsson, Susan M Farrington, Richard S Houlston, Malcolm G Dunlop, Evropi Theodoratou, Xue Li
Background We aimed to identify plasma and urinary metabolites related to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and elucidate their mediator role in the associations between modifiable risk factors and CRC. Methods Metabolite quantitative trait loci were derived from two published metabolomics genome-wide association studies (GWASs), and summary-level data were extracted for 651 plasma metabolites and 208 urinary
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A population-based study of COVID-19 mortality risk in US cancer patients J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Kyle A Mani, Xue Wu, Daniel E Spratt, Ming Wang, Nicholas G Zaorsky
Background In this study, we provide the largest analysis to date of a US-based cancer cohort to characterize death from COVID-19. Methods A total of 4,020,669 patients across 15 subtypes living with cancer in 2020 and included in the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were abstracted. We investigated prognostic factors for death due to COVID-19
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Increasing power in screening trials by testing control-arm specimens: Application to multicancer detection screening J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Hormuzd A Katki, Philip C Prorok, Philip E Castle, Lori M Minasian, Paul F Pinsky
Background Cancer screening trials have required large sample-sizes and long time-horizons to demonstrate cancer mortality reductions, the primary goal of cancer screening. We examine assumptions and potential power gains from exploiting information from testing control-arm specimens, which we call the “Intended Effect” (IE) analysis that we explain in detail herein. The IE analysis is particularly
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Housing Assistance Among Patients with Cancer: SEER-Medicare U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Data Linkage J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Craig Evan Pollack, Veronica Garrison, Taylor Johnson, Amanda L Blackford, Robert Banks, William Howe, K Robin Yabroff, Lindsey Enewold
Background Lack of stable and affordable housing is an important social determinant of health. Federal housing assistance may buffer against housing vulnerabilities among low-income households, but research examining the association of housing assistance and cancer care has been limited. We introduce a new linkage of SEER-Medicare and Housing and Urban Development (HUD) administrative data. Methods
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Evaluating Colonoscopy Quality by Performing Provider Type J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Emily Berry, Jeff Hostetter, Joseph Bachtold, Sarah Zamarripa, Keith E Argenbright
Background Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Colonoscopy is an essential tool for screening, used both as a primary approach and follow-up to an abnormal stool-based CRC screening result. Colonoscopy quality is often measured with four key indicators: bowel preparation, cecal intubation, mean withdrawal time
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Alcohol and colorectal cancer risk subclassified by mutational signatures of DNA mismatch repair deficiency J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Aiping Fang, Tomotaka Ugai, Carino Gurjao, Rong Zhong, Zhenhua Liu, Xinyuan Zhang, Peilu Wang, Jonathan Nowak, Molin Wang, Marios Giannakis, Shuji Ogino, Xuehong Zhang, Edward Giovannucci
Background We examined whether the association between alcohol consumption and CRC incidence was stronger for tumors with higher contributions of defective MMR (dMMR)-related tumor mutational signatures (TMSs). Methods We used data from 227,916 men and women who participated in the Nurses’ Health Study (1980-2016), the Nurses’ Health Study II (1991-2017), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study
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Targeting fusion oncoproteins in childhood cancers: Challenges and future opportunities for developing therapeutics J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Sharad K Verma, Keren L Witkin, Anu Sharman, Malcolm A Smith
Fusion oncoproteins are associated with childhood cancers and have proven challenging to target, aside from those that include kinases. As part of its efforts for targeting childhood cancers, the National Cancer Institute recently conducted a series on ‘Novel Chemical Approaches for Targeting Fusion Oncoproteins’. Key learnings on leading platforms and technologies which can be utilized to advance
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Advancing health equity in cancer survivorship research: National institutes of health 2017–2022 portfolio review J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Michelle Doose, Michelle A Mollica, Amanda M Acevedo, Gina Tesauro, Lisa Gallicchio, Crystal Reed, Jennifer Guida, Molly E Maher, Shobha Srinivasan, Emily Tonorezos
Background Communities and researchers have called for a paradigm shift from describing health disparities to a health equity research agenda that addresses structural drivers. Therefore, we examined whether the cancer survivorship research portfolio has made this shift. Methods We identified grants focused on populations experiencing health disparities from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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Eradicating gross tumor disease: a prerequisite for efficient radioimmunotherapy? J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Eric Deutsch, Antonin Levy
Radiotherapy may induce off-target antitumor “abscopal” immunostimulatory but also immunosuppressive effects. Several preclinical and early clinical studies revealed promising results when combining radiation therapy with immunostimulatory agents. However, most immunoradiotherapy randomized trials showed disappointing results in patients with advanced tumors. On the contrary, encouraging outcomes were
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Response of bilateral wilms tumor to chemotherapy suggests histologic subtype and guides treatment J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Colton Duncan, Suraj Sarvode Mothi, Teresa C Santiago, Jordan A Coggins, Dylan E Graetz, Michael W Bishop, Elizabeth A Mullen, Andrew J Murphy, Daniel M Green, Matthew J Krasin, Andrew M Davidoff
Objectives Patients with bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT) initially receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy to shrink the tumors and increase the likelihood of successful nephron-sparing surgery. Biopsy of poorly responding tumors is often done to better understand therapy resistance. The purpose of this retrospective, single-institution study was to determine whether initial chemotherapy response is associated
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Race/ethnic associations with comprehensive cancer center access and clinical trial enrollment for acute leukemia J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Andrew Hantel, Andrew M Brunner, Jesse J Plascak, Hajime Uno, Juan C Varela, Marlise R Luskin, Timothy R Rebbeck, Richard M Stone, Christopher S Lathan, Daniel J DeAngelo, Gregory A Abel
Background Clinical trial participation at Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCC) is inequitable for minoritized race/ethnic groups with acute leukemia. CCCs care for a high proportion of adults with acute leukemia. It is unclear if participation inequities are due to CCC access, post-access enrollment, or both. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults with acute leukemia (2010-2019)
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Cytoreductive nephrectomy in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a U.S. FDA pooled analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Jaleh Fallah, Haley Gittleman, Chana Weinstock, Elaine Chang, Sundeep Agrawal, Shenghui Tang, Richard Pazdur, Paul G Kluetz, Daniel L Suzman, Laleh Amiri-Kordestani
Background This pooled analysis of patient-level data from trials evaluated the clinical outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with or without cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) prior to a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and anti-angiogenic therapy. Methods Five trials of ICI plus anti-angiogenic therapy were pooled. Only patients with stage 4 at initial diagnosis
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Potential role of cannabis in ameliorating observed racialized disparities in cancer pain management J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Laurel P Gibson, Rebecca A Ferrer, Salimah H Meghani, Amanda M Acevedo
Cancer-related pain affects a significant proportion of all cancer patients yet remains inadequately managed, particularly among cancer patients from racialized backgrounds. In recent years, there has been increased research and clinical interest in the use of medical cannabis for cancer pain management, including its potential to ameliorate racialized disparities in cancer pain control. Although medical
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Familial adversity: association with discontinuation of adjuvant hormone therapy and breast cancer prognosis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Erwei Zeng, Wei He, Arvid Sjölander, Jenny Bergqvist, Fang Fang, Kamila Czene
Background Many studies have examined patient-related factors affecting adjuvant hormone therapy adherence in breast cancer patients. Our study aimed to examine associations of family-related factors with adjuvant hormone therapy discontinuation and breast cancer-specific mortality. Methods By cross-linking seven Swedish health registers, we performed a cohort study including all breast cancer patients
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Predicting five-year interval second breast cancer risk in women with prior breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Rebecca A Hubbard, Yu-Ru Su, Erin Ja Bowles, Laura Ichikawa, Karla Kerlikowske, Kathryn P Lowry, Diana L Miglioretti, Anna N A Tosteson, Karen J Wernli, Janie M Lee
Background Annual surveillance mammography is recommended for women with a personal history of breast cancer. Risk prediction models that estimate mammography failures such as interval second breast cancers could help to tailor surveillance imaging regimens to women’s individual risk profiles. Methods In a cohort of women with a history of breast cancer receiving surveillance mammography in the Breast
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Frameshift mutations in peripheral blood as a biomarker for surveillance of lynch syndrome J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yurong Song, Holli Loomans-Kropp, Ryan N Baugher, Brandon Somerville, Shaneen S Baxter, Travis D Kerr, Teri M Plona, Stephanie D Mellott, Todd B Young, Heidi E Lawhorn, Lei Wei, Qiang Hu, Song Liu, Alan Hutson, Ligia Pinto, John D Potter, Shizuko Sei, Ozkan Gelincik, Steven M Lipkin, Johannes Gebert, Matthias Kloor, Robert H Shoemaker
Background Lynch syndrome (LS) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, which lead to high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and frameshift mutations (FSMs) at coding mononucleotide repeats (cMNRs) in the genome. Recurrent FSMs in these regions are thought to play a central role in the increased risk of various cancers. However
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Impact of Risk-Based therapy on late morbidity and mortality in neuroblastoma survivors: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 9.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-09 Danielle Novetsky Friedman, Pamela J Goodman, Wendy M Leisenring, Lisa R Diller, Susan L Cohn, Rebecca M Howell, Susan A Smith, Emily S Tonorezos, Suzanne L Wolden, Joseph P Neglia, Kirsten K Ness, Todd M Gibson, Paul C Nathan, Lucie M Turcotte, Brent R Weil, Leslie L Robison, Kevin C Oeffinger, Gregory T Armstrong, Charles A Sklar, Tara O Henderson
Background Early efforts at risk-adapted therapy for neuroblastoma are predicted to result in differential late effects; the magnitude of these differences have not been well-described. Methods Late mortality, subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN), and severe/life-threatening chronic health conditions (CHCs), graded according to CTCAE v4.03, were assessed among 5-year CCSS survivors of neuroblastoma