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Running on Fumes: An Analysis of Fine Particulate Matter’s Impact on Finish Times in Nine Major US Marathons, 2003–2019 Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Elvira S. Fleury, Gray S. Bittker, Allan C. Just, Joseph M. Braun
Background Under controlled conditions and in some observational studies of runners, airborne fine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) is associated with exercise performance decrements. Objective To assess the association between event-day fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) and marathon finish times. Methods Using a spatiotemporal machine-learning model, we estimated
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Histological Definition of Skeletal Muscle Injury: A Guide to Nomenclature Along the Connective Tissue Sheath/Structure Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Carles Pedret, José Peña-Amaro, Ramon Balius, Tero Järvinen
Recent years have seen the development of various classifications of muscle injuries, primarily based on the topographic location within the bone-tendon–muscle chain. This paper proposes an enhanced nomenclature for muscle injuries that incorporates histoarchitectural definitions alongside topographic classifications, emphasizing the importance of connective tissue damage characterization. A detailed
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Enhancing access to prostheses in sports: a call to action for the future of Paralympic athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Ashley Iain Simpson
The recent call by Paralympic champion Richard Whitehead for improved access to advanced prosthetics within the National Health Service (NHS) underscores a critical issue in sports and rehabilitation: the need for prostheses that not only restore basic function but also empower individuals to excel in athletic pursuits1. This editorial explores the importance of prostheses in sport, the current challenges
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Impact of postpartum exercise on pelvic floor disorders and diastasis recti abdominis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Nicole F Beamish, Margie H Davenport, Muhammad Usman Ali, Matthew J Gervais, Talia Noel Sjwed, Gyanjot Bains, Allison Sivak, Rita E Deering, Stephanie-May Ruchat
Objective To examine the effect of exercise during the first year postpartum on pelvic floor disorders and diastasis recti abdominis. Design Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis. Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscuss, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews (Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched until 12 January 2024. Eligibility criteria for selecting
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Concurrent symptom domains and associations with recovery timelines among collegiate athletes with sport-related concussion Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Bernadette A D'Alonzo, Andrea LC Schneider, Ian J Barnett, Christina L Master, Roy H Hamilton, Douglas J Wiebe
Objective Concussion symptoms can be clustered into domains and understanding how multiple symptom domains present clinically may guide more accurate interventions. We investigate the associations between concurrent symptom domains and clinical recovery outcomes, as well as the role of sex in these relationships. Methods We analysed data from the Ivy League–Big Ten Epidemiology of Concussion Study
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Maternal and fetal responses to acute high-intensity resistance exercise during pregnancy Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Amy N Moolyk, Megan K Wilson, Brittany A Matenchuk, Gyanjot Bains, Matthew J Gervais, Jenna B Wowdzia, Margie H Davenport
Objective To examine maternal and fetal cardiovascular responses to high-intensity resistance exercise in pregnancy. Methods 10 healthy pregnant (26.4±3.2 weeks gestation) and 10 healthy non-pregnant individuals were recruited (34.8±6 and 33.5±2.9 years, respectively). At least 48 hours after baseline strength testing to determine 10-repetition maximum (10 RM), participants completed 10 repetitions
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Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with the incidence and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Yanchun Chen, Hongxi Yang, Dun Li, Lihui Zhou, Jing Lin, Xin Yin, Weiling Yang, Ying Gao, Qing Zhang, Sean X Leng, Yaogang Wang
Objectives This study examined the relationship of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in the transition from healthy status to first cardiometabolic disease, subsequent cardiometabolic multimorbidity and further to death. Methods We used data from the UK Biobank of 47 484 participants without cardiometabolic diseases at baseline. CRF was assessed via a 6 min incremental ramp cycle ergometer test and expressed
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Acute Sarcopenia: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis on Its Incidence and Muscle Parameter Shifts During Hospitalisation J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Luke Aldrich, Theocharis Ispoglou, Konstantinos Prokopidis, Jasem Alqallaf, Oliver Wilson, Antonis Stavropoulos‐Kalinoglou
BackgroundAcute sarcopenia is sarcopenia lasting less than 6 months, typically following acute illness or injury. It may impact patient recovery and quality of life, advancing to chronic sarcopenia. However, its development and assessment remain poorly understood, particularly during hospitalisation. This systematic review aimed to elucidate the incidence of acute sarcopenia and examine changes in
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Circadian Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Humans: Is There Evidence of an Optimal Time Window for Maximizing Fat Oxidation During Exercise? Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-16 Mariazel Rubio-Valles, Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete, Seth A. Creasy, Arnulfo Ramos-Jiménez, Jorge A. Pérez-León, Isaac A. Chávez-Guevara
Abstract Exercise training performed at the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation improves cardiovascular function and metabolic health while simultaneously reducing visceral adipose tissue in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, it is currently considered an efficient non-pharmacological approach for the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. Over the last 5 years
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Lonafarnib Protects Against Muscle Atrophy Induced by Dexamethasone J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-17 Sanghoon Bae, Van‐Hieu Mai, Seyoung Mun, Dalong Dong, Kyudong Han, Sunghyouk Park, Jung Keun Hyun
BackgroundMuscle atrophy, including glucocorticoid‐induced muscle wasting from treatments such as dexamethasone (DEX), results in significant reductions in muscle mass, strength and function. This study investigates the potential of lonafarnib, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, to counteract DEX‐induced muscle atrophy by targeting key signalling pathways.MethodsWe utilized in vitro models with C2C12
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Muscle Mass Index Decline as a Predictor of Lung Function Reduction in the General Population J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-17 Joon Young Choi, Chin Kook Rhee, Sang Hyuk Kim, Yong Suk Jo
BackgroundThis study explores the link between muscle mass decline and lung function deterioration, which can worsen respiratory health by reducing exercise capacity and quality of life. The relationship between muscle mass index (MMI) changes and lung function in the general population remains unclear, especially as muscle mass fluctuates with aging. We aimed to clarify this dynamic relationship by
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Low Skeletal Muscle Radiodensity Predicts Response to CDK4/6 Inhibitors Plus Aromatase Inhibitors in Advanced Breast Cancer J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-17 Hyunwook Kim, Seungjin Baek, Sookyeong Han, Gun Min Kim, Joohyuk Sohn, Yumie Rhee, Namki Hong, Min Hwan Kim
BackgroundRecent evidence indicates that a dysregulated host metabolism influences treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer. We investigated the association of computed tomography (CT)‐derived body composition indices with therapeutic responses in patients with hormone receptor‐positive, HER2‐negative advanced breast cancer (ABC) on endocrine plus CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) treatment.MethodsThe
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Risk of Sarcopenia Following Long‐Term Statin Use in Community‐Dwelling Middle‐Aged and Older Adults in Japan J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-16 Shih‐Tsung Huang, Rei Otsuka, Yukiko Nishita, Lin‐Chieh Meng, Fei‐Yuan Hsiao, Hiroshi Shimokata, Liang‐Kung Chen, Hidenori Arai
BackgroundInconsistent results have been reported concerning the association between statin administration and muscle health, specifically its potential to increase the risk of sarcopenia. Given the widespread long‐term use of statins among the elderly population, the exploration of this association remains a crucial yet insufficiently examined matter. This study aimed to assess the association between
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The digital mirror: how generative artificial intelligence reflects and amplifies gender bias Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-11 James P MacDonald, Madeleine Pape, Kathryn E Ackerman, Eva Carneiro, Yungui Huang, Katherine H Rizzone, Phathokuhle Cele Zondi, Margo Mountjoy
We live in unprecedented times for women in sport. In the USA, the 2024 collegiate basketball finals marked the first time in broadcast history that viewership of the women’s championship game was higher than the men’s.1 Internationally, the 2024 Paris Games were the most gender equal in Olympic history in terms of numerical parity on the playing field.2 Despite such progress, gender inequities in
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Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with cognitive function in late adulthood: baseline findings from the IGNITE study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Lauren E Oberlin, Lu Wan, Chaeryon Kang, Allison Romano, Sarah Aghjayan, Alina Lesnovskaya, Hayley S Ripperger, Jermon Drake, Rae Harrison, Audrey M Collins, Cristina Molina-Hidalgo, George Grove, Haiqing Huang, Arthur Kramer, Charles H Hillman, Jeffrey M Burns, Eric D Vidoni, Edward McAuley, M Ilyas Kamboh, John M Jakicic, Kirk I Erickson
Objectives To evaluate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognition in a large sample of older adults, and to examine clinical and demographic factors that might moderate these associations. Methods CRF was measured with a graded exercise test performed on a motorised treadmill. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using data from a comprehensive neuropsychological
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Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Bioavailability of ACM‐001.1 (S‐Pindolol Benzoate) in Healthy Volunteers J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-12 Frank Misselwitz, Dennis Henderson, Somasekhara R. Menakuru, Elaine Morten, Chris Roe, Gareth Whitaker, Stefan Wohlfeil, John McDermott
BackgroundS‐pindolol has metabolic effects of potential benefit in cancer cachexia: reduced catabolism through nonselective β‐blockade; increased anabolism through partial β2 receptor agonism; and increased appetite and reduced fatigue through central 5‐hydroxytryptamine/serotonin receptor activity. A Phase 2a clinical trial demonstrated that S‐pindolol can reverse weight loss and improve fat‐free
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Issue Information J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
No abstract is available for this article.
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With Appreciation J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
We thank the following individuals who served as manuscript reviewers for The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM) in 2024. We highly appreciate their efforts. Fair, conscientious and timely peer reviews contribute to the success of JCSM. The Editors.
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Causes of COVID-19 Outbreaks During Sports and Exercise: A Systematic Review Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-11 Masaki Machida, Koichi Dai, Itaru Nakamura, Shigeru Inoue
Background Physical activity is beneficial for preventing non-communicable and infectious diseases, such as pneumonia. Physical activity is also a potential protective factor for reducing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. Conversely, outbreaks of respiratory viral infections are more likely to occur owing to group activities, opportunities for contact with individuals and vocalisations
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Leveraging passive exercise to support brain health Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-09 Benjamin Tari, Matthew Heath, Fabian Herold, Boris Cheval, Flaminia Ronca, Jennifer L Etnier, Joseph T Costello, Nicole E Logan, Megan Cully, Liye Zou
Clinicians and practitioners have used passive exercise to improve mobility; however, research designed to systematically explore its effects is not well developed. This editorial will highlight evidence from studies of acute bouts of passive exercise that could be leveraged to understand whether regular passive exercise could maintain and improve brain health. Regular active exercise (ie, volitional
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Incidence and Risk Factors for Sport-Related Concussion in Female Youth Athletes Participating in Contact and Collision Invasion Sports: A Systematic Review Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-08 Laura Ernst, Jessica Farley, Nikki Milne
Background The incidence and risk factors for sport-related concussion (SRC) associated with contact and collision invasion sports (CCIS) in female youth are unclear. Objectives This systematic review aimed to identify (i) the incidence of and (ii) risk factors for SRC in female youth athletes playing CCIS. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, SPORTDiscus and ProQuest to 8 May, 2024
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DE-PASS Best Evidence Statement (BESt): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Effectiveness of Trials on Device-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour and Their Determinants in Children Aged 5–12 Years Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-06 Mohammed Khudair, Anna Marcuzzi, Gavin Daniel Tempest, Kwok Ng, Ratko Peric, František Bartoš, Maximilian Maier, Mirko Brandes, Angela Carlin, Simone Ciaccioni, Cristina Cortis, Chiara Corvino, Andrea di Credico, Patrik Drid, Francesca Gallè, Pascal Izzicupo, Henriette Jahre, Athanasios Kolovelonis, Atle Kongsvold, Evangelia Kouidi, Paul Jarle Mork, Federico Palumbo, Penny Louise Sheena Rumbold, Petru
Background To combat the high prevalence of physical inactivity among children, there is an urgent need to develop and implement real-world interventions and policies that promote physical activity (PA) and reduce sedentary behaviour (SB). To inform policy makers, the current body of evidence for children’s PA/SB interventions needs to be translated. Objectives The current systematic review and meta-analysis
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New framework for the continuum of concussion and functional neurological disorder Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-06 Matthew J Burke, Noah D Silverberg
Over the past 20 years, scientific investigation and public awareness of concussion has expanded exponentially. This has represented a critical swing of the pendulum for a field that previously had been somewhat ignored by the medical establishment, research funders and health policy-makers. Although substantial progress has been made in better identification and management of acute concussion, many
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Contemporary reporting in sports injury epidemiology: choosing words carefully and considering a Holistic Injury Impact Framework Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-06 Avinash Chandran, Travis Anderson, Eric G Post, Zachary Y Kerr, William M Adams
In recent years, there has been a noticeable amount of discussion surrounding reporting methods in sports injury epidemiology.1–3 Particular emphasis has been placed on characterising the scope of impact that an injury poses in various sporting contexts. Depicting the extent of an injury problem using specific metrics can be complex and challenging. While movements towards comprehensive reporting are
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International Delphi consensus on bone stress injuries in athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 Tim Hoenig, Karsten Hollander, Kristin L Popp, Michael Fredericson, Emily A Kraus, Stuart J Warden, Adam S Tenforde
Bone stress injuries, commonly referred to as stress reactions and stress fractures, represent overuse injuries to bone. These injuries result in physical limitations in activity and can be career-ending for high-level athletes. While bone stress injuries have received increased attention in recent years, international consensus is lacking on definitions, risk factors and strategies for management
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Descending stair walking as exercise medicine Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 Lucas Henrique L Araújo, Trevor C Chen, Kazunori Nosaka, Leonardo C R Lima
Over the past several decades, muscle damage represented by delayed-onset muscle soreness and prolonged decreases in muscle function has been a central agenda for exercises mainly consisting of eccentric (lengthening muscle) contractions (ie, eccentric exercises).1 However, in more recent decades, the paradigm of eccentric exercise has taken on new dimensions with accumulating evidence suggesting its
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A Day in Sports Medicine: supporting career paths for under-represented populations Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 Andrew S Nowak, Gabrielle E Kennelley, Katlyn A Droke, Noshir Y Amaria, Adam Lewno
Identity concordance is a well-studied phenomenon that may improve physician–patient relationships, communication, and ultimately, patient outcomes.1 2 However, there are numerous barriers to identity concordance in medicine. For instance, nearly 15% of the US population identifies as ‘Black,’ and another 3% identify as ‘American Indian/Alaskan Native.’3 4 Across all identities, 27% of individuals
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Feature Engineering for the Prediction of Scoliosis in 5q‐Spinal Muscular Atrophy J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-06 Tu‐Lan Vu‐Han, Vikram Sunkara, Rodrigo Bermudez‐Schettino, Jakob Schwechten, Robin Runge, Carsten Perka, Tobias Winkler, Sebastian Pokutta, Claudia Weiß, Matthias Pumberger
Background5q‐Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is now one of the 5% treatable rare diseases worldwide. As disease‐modifying therapies alter disease progression and patient phenotypes, paediatricians and consulting disciplines face new unknowns in their treatment decisions. Conclusions made from historical patient data sets are now mostly limited, and new approaches are needed to ensure our continued best
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An Evolutionary Psychology Perspective on Athletic Development and Performance: Differences Between Proximate and Ultimate Explanations Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 Joseph Baker, Kathryn Johnston
Many areas of mainstream psychology have embraced the notions that understanding human behaviour can be improved by integrating developments from evolutionary science; however, evolutionary principles have not been as widely applied among sport researchers or practitioners, especially those examining athlete development and the psychology of competition and performance. In this paper, we discuss the
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Machine learning approaches to injury risk prediction in sport: a scoping review with evidence synthesis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Christopher Leckey, Nicol van Dyk, Cailbhe Doherty, Aonghus Lawlor, Eamonn Delahunt
Objective This study reviewed the current state of machine learning (ML) research for the prediction of sports-related injuries. It aimed to chart the various approaches used and assess their efficacy, considering factors such as data heterogeneity, model specificity and contextual factors when developing predictive models. Design Scoping review. Data sources PubMed, EMBASE, SportDiscus and IEEEXplore
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Celebrating a decade of the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance and its Global Matrix initiative Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Shawnda A Morrison, Salome Aubert, Javier Brazo-Sayavera, Iryna Demchenko, John J Reilly, Mark S Tremblay
Research continues to demonstrate that participating in regular physical activity (PA) is indispensable for maintaining health and fitness across the lifespan. Nevertheless, global trends in child PA show consistent declines,1 especially over the past 30 years.2 Currently, the global state of PA surveillance is inadequate and inconsistent. Intercontinental PA initiatives assessing children and adolescents
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Limitations of athlete-exposures as a construct for comparisons of injury rates by gender/sex: a narrative review Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Ann Caroline Danielsen, Annika Gompers, Sheree Bekker, Sarah S. Richardson
High rates of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in girls’ and women’s sports have garnered significant attention from researchers, sport organisations and the media. Gender/sex disparities in ACL injury rates are often estimated using the construct of athlete-exposures (AEs), a widely used measure of exposure time in sports science and epidemiology that is defined as one athlete participating
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All stars moving together: a school–university partnership for shining youth Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-03 Andrea Hope, Tamara Rial Rebullido, Staci Drewson
While current guidelines recommend that children engage in at least 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) daily,1 only 21% of youth reach this goal.2 As children approach adolescence, their physical activity (PA) levels decline and disparities in PA levels emerge, especially among racial minorities such as US Latino/Hispanic children.2 Moreover, meeting PA guidelines is more problematic
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Comment on “Total Magnesium Intake and Risk of Frailty in Older Women” by Struijk et al.—The Authors' Reply J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Ellen A. Struijk, Teresa T. Fung, Heike A. Bischoff‐Ferrari, Walter C. Willett, Esther Lopez‐Garcia
We would like to thank you for the opportunity to respond to the issues raised in the letter by Drs Guo, Lan, Zhou and Liu [1]. The authors raise the concern that the long follow-up of our cohort study has affected the robustness of the study results. The data used from the Nurses' Health Study have the advantage of repeated dietary measurements over a long study period. Therefore, the cumulative average
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Critical incidents and traumatic events in elite sport: proposing the 5Cs approach for how sport medicine teams should care for the affected individual, team and the wider community in the post-traumatic period Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Elisabeth Kilcourse, Charlotte Taylor, Neil Heron
When thinking about elite sport, most conjure up an image of victory. However, athletes are at risk of experiencing indirect trauma after witnessing a critical event. Examples include cardiac arrest, significant injuries and crashes.1 This concept is vicarious trauma: ‘Harmful changes that occur in an individual’s view of themselves, others, and the world as a result of exposure to graphic or traumatic
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Elusive ‘usual’ warm-up in injury prevention trials: the problem of comparing apples to beans Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 José Afonso, Renato Andrade, Mário Sá, Ricardo Martins, Ivan Baptista, Tania Pizzari
Comparing apples to oranges is rational when comparing different fruits; comparing apples to beans is something else entirely. Likewise, injury prevention trials proposing warm-up interventions should strive to deliver reasonable comparisons. The contents and dosage of the intervention and control warm-ups may vary, especially in the context of pragmatic trials, but should be appropriately described
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Colliding skilfully: preparing female athletes for collision events Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Elisabeth Oehler, Kirsty Elliott, Zoe L Saynor
Collisions and physical contact with other athletes, or the playing environment, are fundamental aspects of many sports. These can result from intentional high-impact actions (eg, tackling in rugby and throws in judo), and/or incidental actions (e.g., contesting an aerial challenge in netball and blocking a ball in football). With the unprecedented growth and professionalisation of women’s sports that
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Multiligament knee injury (MLKI): an expert consensus statement on nomenclature, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Iain Robert Murray, Navnit S Makaram, Andrew G Geeslin, Jorge Chahla, Gilbert Moatshe, Kay Crossley, Michelle E Kew, Aileen Davis, Maria Tuca, Hollis Potter, Dina C Janse van Rensburg, Carolyn A Emery, SeungPyo Eun, Hege Grindem, Frank R Noyes, Robert G Marx, Chris Harner, Bruce A Levy, Enda King, James L Cook, Daniel B Whelan, George F Hatch, Christopher J Wahl, Kristian Thorborg, James J Irrgang
Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) represent a broad spectrum of pathology with potentially devastating consequences. Currently, disagreement in the terminology, diagnosis and treatment of these injuries limits clinical care and research. This study aimed to develop consensus on the nomenclature, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation strategies for patients with MLKI, while identifying important
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How race and socioeconomic status moderate the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study with compositional data Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Yujie Liu, Xin Ge, Ying Wang, Shan Qiao, Yong Cai
Objectives This study explored how race and socioeconomic status (SES) moderated the association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and depressive symptoms with compositional data. Methods Participants were 2803 US adults from the 2005–2006 cycle of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Accelerometers were used to measure MVPA, light-intensity physical activity (LPA)
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High-intensity interval training improves cardiovascular and physical health in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a multicentre randomised controlled trial Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Annelie Bilberg, Kaisa Mannerkorpi, Mats Borjesson, Sara Svedlund, Jenny Sivertsson, Eva Klingberg, Jan Bjersing
Objectives Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have substantially elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases, and low cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) is a major mediator. The aim of this assessor-blinded, two-armed multicentre randomised controlled trial was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and strength exercise on cardiovascular health, physical fitness and
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Sport PRactice and its Effects on aortic size and valve function in bicuspid Aortic valve Disease: a cross-sectional report from the SPREAD study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Flavio D'Ascenzi, Luna Cavigli, Matteo Cameli, Guido Claessen, Emeline M van Craenenbroeck, Elena Cavarretta, Antonello D'Andrea, Maria Sanz De la Garza, Thijs M H Eijsvogels, Roland R J van Kimmenade, Laura Galian-Gay, Martin Halle, Giulia Elena Mandoli, Valentina Mantegazza, Antonella Moreo, Bibi Schreurs, Laura Stefani, Jose L Zamorano, Antonio Pelliccia, Michael Papadakis
Objective Concerns exist about the possible detrimental effects of exercise training on aortic size and valve function in individuals with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). This multicentre international study aimed to determine the characteristics of aortic size and valve function in athletes versus non-athletes with BAV and athletes with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV). Methods We enrolled competitive athletes
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Back pain Knowledge and beliefs Survey (BacKS): development and assessment of measurement properties Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Leticia Amaral Corrêa, Mark Hancock, Stephanie Mathieson, Arianne Verhagen, Ben Darlow, Paul William Hodges, Simon French
Objective To develop and evaluate a new patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) to assess people’s knowledge and beliefs about low back pain. Methods This study followed the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments guidelines. An 18-item preliminary version of the Back pain Knowledge and beliefs Survey (BacKS) was generated based on evidence-based key messages and
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Participation, barriers, facilitators and bullying experiences of trans people in sport and fitness: findings from a national community survey of trans people in Australia Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Sasha Bailey, Benjamin Trevitt, Sav Zwickl, Beau Newell, Emma Staples, Ryan Storr, Ada S Cheung
Objectives This study aimed to assess participation rates of transgender and gender diverse (trans) people in sport/fitness activities, compare mental health outcomes for trans people participating in sport/fitness with those who do not and explore internal/external barriers and bullying experiences faced by trans people in sport/fitness contexts. Methods A cross-sectional online survey open to trans
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Efficacy of exercise interventions on prevention of sport-related concussion and related outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Branimir Ivanic, Anna Cronström, Kajsa Johansson, Eva Ageberg
Objective To review the efficacy of exercise interventions on sport-related concussion (SRC) incidence, as well as on linear and rotational head accelerations, and isometric neck strength and to assess reporting completeness of exercise interventions using the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT). Design Systematic review and meta-analysis, according to the Prisma in Exercise, Rehabilitation
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Effects of exercise, metformin and their combination on glucose metabolism in individuals with abnormal glycaemic control: a systematic review and network meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Tong Zhao, Qize Yang, Joshua F Feuerbacher, Bizhu Yu, Christian Brinkmann, Sulin Cheng, Wilhelm Bloch, Moritz Schumann
Objective To compare the efficacy of exercise, metformin and their combination on glucose metabolism in individuals with abnormal glycaemic control. Design Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Data sources Embase, Web of Science, PubMed/MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials involving exercise, metformin or their combined treatments in individuals with prediabetes
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Pubic apophysitis – an important cause of groin pain in young athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 David F Hanff, Astrid van Ovost, Bruce B Forster, Adam Weir
A 17-year-old male right-footed footballer presented with a 6-month history of left-sided groin pain which was persistent despite resting for 6 weeks. Pain occurred during running and daily activities including climbing the stairs and turning over in bed. On examination, the cardinal findings were tenderness of the pubic bone near the adductor insertion on the left side and pubic pain during resisted
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Infographic. Multiligament knee injury (MLKI): an expert consensus statement on nomenclature, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Iain Robert Murray, Navnit S Makaram, Chryssa Neo, Andrew G Geeslin, Jorge Chahla, Gilbert Moatshe, Kay Crossley, Michelle E Kew, Aileen Davis, Maria Tuca, Hollis Potter, Dina C Janse van Rensburg, Carolyn A Emery, SeungPyo Eun, Hege Grindem, Frank R Noyes, Robert G Marx, Chris Harner, Bruce A Levy, Enda King, James L Cook, Daniel B Whelan, George F Hatch, Christopher J Wahl, Kristian Thorborg, James
Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) represent a heterogeneous spectrum of pathology. Clinical evaluation, diagnosis and management of these injuries remains controversial. In order to assess the existing literature evaluating the diagnosis and management of MLKIs, we performed a scoping review1 based on established methodology.2 3 This process established that the majority of the 417 articles identified
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Iron and women’s health: a multidimensional exploration of iron deficiency, management and treatment in active women (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Cory Dugan
My thesis explores the critical issue of iron deficiency in women’s health. Approximately one-third of the human population has iron deficiency,1 many of whom are physically active women of reproductive age.2 Through a series of novel projects, this thesis provides a multidimensional understanding of the impact, management and treatment of iron deficiency in active women. Comprised of two reviews (narrative
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Mechanisms of hypoxia (in)tolerance in prematurely born adults: PhD thesis (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Giorgio Manferdelli
The primary aim of my PhD thesis was to investigate the long-term impact of premature birth, defined as any birth occurring before the 37th week of gestation, on the acute physiological responses and adaptation to high-altitude exposure, at rest and during exercise. Specifically, my work aimed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the specific cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, respiratory, muscular
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Correction:Incidence and prevalence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5952 injuries from over 7 million exposure hours Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
Maniar N, Carmichael DS, Hickey JT, et al . Incidence and prevalence of hamstring injuries in field-based team sports: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 5952 injuries from over 7 million exposure hours. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2023;57:109-16.doi:10.1136/bjsports-2021-104936 Typographical errors were discovered in the analysis code pertaining to two outcome measures: prevalence and
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Skeletal Muscle mRNA Splicing Variants Association With Four Different Fitness and Energetic Measures in the GESTALT Study J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-02 Stefano Donega, Nirad Banskota, Esha Gupta, Marta Gonzalez‐Freire, Ann Zenobia Moore, Ceereena Ubaida‐Mohien, Rachel Munk, Linda Zukley, Yulan Piao, Chris Bergeron, Jan Bergeron, Arsun Bektas, Marta Zampino, Carole Stagg, Fred Indig, Lisa M. Hartnell, Mary Kaileh, Kenneth Fishbein, Richard G. Spencer, Myriam Gorospe, Supriyo De, Josephine M. Egan, Ranjan Sen, Luigi Ferrucci
BackgroundPhysical activity is essential for maintaining muscle mitochondrial function and aerobic capacity. The molecular mechanisms underlying such protective effects are incompletely understood, in part because it is difficult to separate the effects of disease status and physical activity. We explored the association of human skeletal muscle transcriptomic with four measures of energetics and mitochondria
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The Training Intensity Distribution of Marathon Runners Across Performance Levels Sports Med. (IF 9.3) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Daniel Muniz-Pumares, Ben Hunter, Samuel Meyler, Ed Maunder, Barry Smyth
Background The training characteristics and training intensity distribution (TID) of elite athletes have been extensively studied, but a comprehensive analysis of the TID across runners from different performance levels is lacking. Methods Training sessions from the 16 weeks preceding 151,813 marathons completed by 119,452 runners were analysed. The TID was quantified using a three-zone approach (Z1
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Drawing 2024 to a close, and welcoming in 2025 … Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Patrick C Wheeler, Katie R Marino, Ralph Mitchell, Jean Wong, Stefan Kluzek
On behalf of the British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine (BASEM) we are delighted to welcome you to this edition of the BJSM, the last edition of 2024. It has been a busy year for all of us, and we are looking ahead at 2025, knowing life rarely seems to get less busy. As many readers know, BASEM is a co-owner of the British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM) and the UK’s largest multiprofessional
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Gendered environmental pathways to sports injury: insights from retired athletes in the UK high-performance context Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Stephanie E Coen, Victoria Downie, Lucy Follett, Steve McCaig, Joanne L Parsons
Objective Women remain at increased risk for some sports injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament rupture and concussion. This study applied a gendered environmental approach to identify modifiable features of women’s sport environments that may contribute to the gendered patterning of sports injuries. Our objectives were to identify features of gendered environments that mattered in athletes’
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Twenty year analysis of professional men’s rugby union knee injuries from the English premiership shows high rates and burden Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Stephen W West, Sam J Hudson, Lindsay Starling, Matthew Cross, Sean Williams, Carly D McKay, Dario Cazzola, John H M Brooks, Rory Murray, Andy Williams, Simon P T Kemp, Keith A Stokes
Objectives To determine the rates, severity and burden of knee injuries in professional male rugby union from the English Premiership. Methods Injury and exposure data were captured over 20 seasons using a prospective cohort design. Knee injury incidence, days’ absence and burden were recorded for each injury type and by pitch surface type for match and training. Results The rate of knee injury in
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Best practice guide for patellofemoral pain based on synthesis of a systematic review, the patient voice and expert clinical reasoning Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Bradley Stephen Neal, Simon David Lack, Clare Bartholomew, Dylan Morrissey
Objective Define a best practice guide for managing people with patellofemoral pain (PFP). Methods A mixed-methods convergent segregated synthesis of meta-analysed data with a thematic analysis of semistructured interviews and focus groups. Agreement between subproject results informed the strength of clinical recommendation for interventions eligible for best practice recommendation. Data sources
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Quantitative analysis of effectiveness and associated factors of exercise on symptoms in osteoarthritis: a pharmacodynamic model-based meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Shun Han, Ting Li, Ying Cao, Zewei Li, Yiying Mai, Tianxiang Fan, Muhui Zeng, Xin Wen, Weiyu Han, Lijun Lin, Lixin Zhu, Siu Ngor Fu, Kim L Bennell, David J Hunter, Changhai Ding, Lujin Li, Zhaohua Zhu
Objective This study aims to evaluate the time point and magnitude of peak effectiveness of exercise and the effects of various exercise modalities for osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms and to identify factors that significantly affect the effectiveness of exercise. Design Pharmacodynamic model-based meta-analysis (MBMA). Data sources Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus were searched
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Mouthguards for the prevention of orofacial trauma in sport: the Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (UK) position statement Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Irfan Ahmed, Julie Gallagher, Ian Needleman, Rachel Bower, Paul Ashley, Asma Aloui, John Patrick Haughey, Gofrane Abdellaoui, Peter Fine
The Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (UK) invited a panel to convene and issue a position statement on the use of mouthguards in sport. Contributors included Sport and Exercise Medicine, Sports Dentistry, Sports Science, athlete and coach perspectives to provide up-to-date guidance on the use of mouthguards in sport for the prevention of orofacial trauma (OFT). This position statement is aimed
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You have to work twice as hard as a woman to show that you are competent. Experiences, opportunities and workplace gender harassment for Sport and Exercise Medicine practitioners working in elite sport in Australia Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Sallie M Cowan, Michael Girdwood, Melissa Haberfield, Andrea Britt Mosler, Andrea M Bruder, Kate Mahony, Kirsty Forsdike, Nicola McNeil, Kate A Beerworth, Miranda Menaspa, Phillipa Inge, Sue White, Rachel Harris, Adam Castricum, Kay M Crossley
Objective Our aim was to investigate (1) gender representation, (2) opportunities and training and (3) harassment experiences in Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) practitioners working in elite sport in Australia. Methods All titled Australian Physiotherapy Association Sport and Exercise Physiotherapists, SEM Physicians and Registrars and doctors and physiotherapists (SEM practitioners) currently/previously/aspiring
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Associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity with all-cause mortality: an individual participant data meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Pieter Coenen, Maaike A Huysmans, Andreas Holtermann, Richard P Troiano, Paul Jarle Mork, Steinar Krokstad, Els Clays, Bart Cillekens, Dirk De Bacquer, Mette Aadahl, Line Lund Kårhus, Anette Sjøl, Lars Bo Andersen, Jussi Kauhanen, Ari Voutilainen, Richard M Pulsford, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Uri Goldbourt, Annette Peters, Barbara Thorand, Annika Rosengren, Lena Björck, Kyle Sprow, Kristin Franzon, Miguel
Objective Health effects of different physical activity domains (ie, during leisure time, work and transport) are generally considered positive. Using Active Worker consortium data, we assessed independent associations of occupational and leisure-time physical activity (OPA and LTPA) with all-cause mortality. Design Two-stage individual participant data meta-analysis. Data source Published and unpublished