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Streamlined collaboration can boost CRISPR gene therapies for rare diseases Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
Letter to the Editor
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Killer immune cells pile on the pressure to slay their foes Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
Immune-system assassins called killer T cells compress target cells, forming a destructive crater.
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Unchanged power dynamics still block progress for under-represented groups in academia Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
Letter to the Editor
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To regain lost public trust, incorporate research ethics into graduate training Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
Letter to the Editor
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I use ethnobotany to bring India’s medicinal plants into urban landscapes Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
N. M. Ganesh Babu collects, studies and propagates his country’s Indigenous flora for their herbal and aesthetic qualities.
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Did the diarist who chronicled the Great Fire of London make up a scientific instrument? Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
Snippets from Nature’s past
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Climate change is worsening the housing crisis — we must tackle the two together Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
Thousands of people are being displaced across the Arctic. Governments must listen to Indigenous and local communities and act on their advice.
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UK election: three research priorities for the next government Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02
Ministers must take a global view of science, address a growing crisis in university finances and put a stop to interference in research autonomy.
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Neuroscientists must not be afraid to study religion Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Patrick McNamara, William Newsome, Brie Linkenhoker, Jordan Grafman
Scientists interested in the brain have tended to avoid studying religion or spirituality for fear of being seen as unscientific. That needs to change.
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What drives mosquitoes’ bloodlust? Their hormones Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-01
One hormone seems to boosts the insects’ thirst for a blood meal, while another shuts it off.
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Bionic leg moves like a natural limb — without conscious thought Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-01
Computer interface links signals from the brain to an artificial limb, giving the wearer better balance, flexibility and speed.
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Daily briefing: See a smiling face made of living human skin cells Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-01
A robotic face is made from living human skin cells anchored to a ‘skeleton’ with ligament-like structures. Plus, massive old stars reveal the true nature of the Milky Way and how AI could help identify researchers with untapped innovation potential.
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Daily briefing: How obesity drugs like Ozempic create a full feeling Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-28
The brain areas involved in the feeling of fullness experienced by people taking GLP-1 drugs. Plus, an ‘epigenome editor’ silences a gene linked to deadly brain disorders and a ‘jumping gene’ enzyme edits genomes without breaking DNA.
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The role of positive emotion in harmful health behavior: Implications for theory and public health campaigns Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Ke Wang, Vaughan W. Rees, Charles A. Dorison, Ichiro Kawachi, Jennifer S. Lerner
Meta-analyses have concluded that positive emotions do not reduce appetitive risk behaviors (risky behaviors that fulfill appetitive or craving states, such as smoking and excessive alcohol use). We propose that this conclusion is premature. Drawing on the Appraisal Tendency Framework and related theories of emotion and decision-making, we hypothesized that gratitude (a positive emotion) can decrease
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Hemispheric functional organization, as revealed by naturalistic neuroimaging, in pediatric epilepsy patients with cortical resections Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Sophia Robert, Michael C. Granovetter, Christina Patterson, Marlene Behrmann
Functional changes in the pediatric brain following neural injuries attest to remarkable feats of plasticity. Investigations of the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie this plasticity have largely focused on activation in the penumbra of the lesion or in contralesional, homotopic regions. Here, we adopt a whole-brain approach to evaluate the plasticity of the cortex in patients with large unilateral
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Capturing alterations of intracellular–extracellular lactate distribution in the brain using diffusion-weighted MR spectroscopy in vivo Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Sophie Malaquin, Rodrigo Lerchundi, Eloïse Mougel, Julien Valette
While the intracellular–extracellular distribution of lactate has been suggested to play a critical role in the healthy and diseased brain, tools are lacking to noninvasively probe lactate in intracellular and extracellular spaces. Here, we show that, by measuring the diffusion of lactate with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy in vivo and comparing it to the diffusion of purely
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Activity of DNA polymerase κ across the genome in human fibroblasts Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Mariela C. Torres, Abbey Rebok, Dongxiao Sun, Thomas E. Spratt
DNA polymerase κ (Polκ) is a specialized polymerase that has multiple cellular roles such as translesion DNA synthesis, replication of repetitive sequences, and nucleotide excision repair. We have developed a method for capturing DNA synthesized by Polκ utilizing a Polκ–specific substrate, N 2 -(4-ethynylbenzyl)-2′-deoxyguanosine (EBndG). After shearing of the DNA into 200 to 500 bp lengths, the EBndG-containing
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Global impacts of an extreme solar particle event under different geomagnetic field strengths Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Pavle Arsenović, Eugene Rozanov, Ilya Usoskin, Chris Turney, Timofei Sukhodolov, Ken McCracken, Marina Friedel, Julien Anet, Stana Simić, Ville Maliniemi, Tatiana Egorova, Monika Korte, Harald Rieder, Alan Cooper, Thomas Peter
Solar particle events (SPEs) are short-lived bursts of high-energy particles from the solar atmosphere and are widely recognized as posing significant economic risks to modern society. Most SPEs are relatively weak and have minor impacts on the Earth’s environment, but historic records contain much stronger SPEs which have the potential to alter atmospheric chemistry, impacting climate and biological
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Private management of African protected areas improves wildlife and tourism outcomes but with security concerns in conflict regions Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Sean Denny, Gabriel Englander, Patrick Hunnicutt
Protected areas can conserve wildlife and benefit people when managed effectively. African governments increasingly delegate the management of protected areas to private, nongovernmental organizations, hoping that private organizations’ significant resources and technical capacities actualize protected areas’ potential. Does private sector management improve outcomes compared to a counterfactual of
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Reciprocal interactions between neuropeptide F and RYamide regulate host attraction in the mosquito Aedes aegypti Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Xiaoyi Dou, Kangkang Chen, Mark R. Brown, Michael R. Strand
Female mosquitoes produce eggs in gonadotrophic cycles that are divided between a previtellogenic and vitellogenic phase. Previtellogenic females consume water and sugar sources like nectar while also being attracted to hosts for blood feeding. Consumption of a blood meal activates the vitellogenic phase, which produces mature eggs and suppresses host attraction. In this study, we tested the hypothesis
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The European Union Emissions Trading System might yield large co-benefits from pollution reduction Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Piero Basaglia, Jonas Grunau, Moritz A. Drupp
Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and reducing air pollution represent two pressing and interwoven environmental challenges. While international carbon markets, such as the European Union emissions trading system (EU ETS), have demonstrated their effectiveness in curbing carbon emissions (CO 2 ), their indirect impact on hazardous co-pollutants remains understudied. This study investigates how key
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The chronology of the human colonization of the Canary Islands Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Jonathan Santana, Miguel del Pino, Jacob Morales, Rosa Fregel, Jenny Hagenblad, Aarón Morquecho, Aitor Brito-Mayor, Pedro Henríquez, Jared Jiménez, Javier G. Serrano, Elías Sánchez-Cañadillas, Alejandra C. Ordóñez, Simon-Pierre Gilson
The human colonization of the Canary Islands represents the sole known expansion of Berber communities into the Atlantic Ocean and is an example of marine dispersal carried out by an African population. While this island colonization shows similarities to the populating of other islands across the world, several questions still need to be answered before this case can be included in wider debates regarding
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Growing three-dimensional objects with light Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Gabriel Lipkowitz, Max A. Saccone, Matthew A. Panzer, Ian A. Coates, Kaiwen Hsiao, Daniel Ilyn, Jason M. Kronenfeld, John R. Tumbleston, Eric S. G. Shaqfeh, Joseph M. DeSimone
Vat photopolymerization (VP) additive manufacturing enables fabrication of complex 3D objects by using light to selectively cure a liquid resin. Developed in the 1980s, this technique initially had few practical applications due to limitations in print speed and final part material properties. In the four decades since the inception of VP, the field has matured substantially due to simultaneous advances
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The m 6 A reader SlYTH2 negatively regulates tomato fruit aroma by impeding the translation process Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Hanxiao Bian, Peizhe Song, Ying Gao, Zhiping Deng, Chenyang Huang, Lei Yu, Hanqing Wang, Bingbing Ye, Zhihe Cai, Yu Pan, Fengqin Wang, Jianzhao Liu, Xiangwei Gao, Kunsong Chen, Guifang Jia, Harry J. Klee, Bo Zhang
N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A) is a fundamentally important RNA modification for gene regulation, whose function is achieved through m 6 A readers. However, whether and how m 6 A readers play regulatory roles during fruit ripening and quality formation remains unclear. Here, we characterized SlYTH2 as a tomato m 6 A reader protein and profiled the binding sites of SlYTH2 at the transcriptome-wide level
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DNA polymerase κ participates in early S-phase DNA replication in human cells Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Feng Tang, Yinan Wang, Ting Zhao, Jun Yuan, Andrew H. Kellum, Yinsheng Wang
Cycling cells replicate their DNA during the S phase through a defined temporal program known as replication timing. Mutation frequencies, epigenetic chromatin states, and transcriptional activities are different for genomic regions that are replicated early and late in the S phase. Here, we found from ChIP-Seq analysis that DNA polymerase (Pol) κ is enriched in early-replicating genomic regions in
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How people are exposed to neighborhoods racially different from their own Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Àlex G. de la Prada, Mario L. Small
In US cities, neighborhoods have long been racially segregated. However, people do not spend all their time in their neighborhoods, and the consequences of residential segregation may be tempered by the contact people have with other racial groups as they traverse the city daily. We examine the extent to which people’s regular travel throughout the city is to places “beyond their comfort zone” (BCZ)
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Combined COVID-flu vaccines are coming: Moderna jab clears major test Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-28
First large trial suggests mRNA drug gives better protection from SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses than single-target shots.
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Choose your own adventure: navigating retirement after an academic career Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-28
How do you have a full and meaningful retirement? Late-career researchers and retired colleagues discuss the many options available.
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The Milky Way is ‘less weird’ than we thought Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-28
The Galaxy’s core isn't as densely packed with stars as models suggested, a study finds, aligning it more closely with similar spiral galaxies.
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Audio long read: How NASA astronauts are training to walk on the Moon in 2026 Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-28
Listen to an audio version of a recent Nature Feature.
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Deep-sea creatures survive crushing pressures with just the right fats Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
Tiny predators called comb jellies have cell-membrane lipids that form curving structures under pressure.
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Daily briefing: How this lab became one of the most successful in the world Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
Study reveals secrets of Cambridge’s Laboratory of Molecular Biology. Plus, the first 3D-model brains with cells from several people and five new ways to catch gravitational waves.
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‘Epigenome editor’ silences gene that causes deadly brain disorders Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
Prion diseases are caused by misfolded proteins, but a new tool can stop them forming in mice.
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How blockbuster obesity drugs create a full feeling — even before one bite of food Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
Scientists identify brain area that holds two groups of neurons: one for pre-meal sensations of fullness and one for post-meal satiety.
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No CRISPR: oddball ‘jumping gene’ enzyme edits genomes without breaking DNA Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
A programmable RNA that bridges a genetic donor and a target could herald a safer and more flexible approach to large-scale chromosome changes.
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Ketamine for depression: slow-release pills could make treatment more accessible Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
A ketamine-containing tablet could be a convenient alternative to intravenous treatments, with fewer unpleasant side effects.
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An intermediate Rb–E2F activity state safeguards proliferation commitment Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Yumi Konagaya, David Rosenthal, Nalin Ratnayeke, Yilin Fan, Tobias Meyer
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Daily briefing: ‘Polar rain aurora’ seen from Earth for the first time Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-25
Scientists got the first-ever unimpeded view from Earth of a rare aurora spanning more than 3,000 kilometres across the North Pole. Plus, ‘fantastic’ particle could be the most energetic neutrino ever detected and why extreme wildfires are now more common.
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The codriven assembly of molecular metalla-links (613, 623) and metalla-knots (41, 31) via coordination and noncovalent interactions Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 Shu-Jin Bao, Yan Zou, Hai-Ning Zhang, Guo-Xin Jin
Although mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) display unique properties and functions associated with their intricate connectivity, limited assembly strategies are available for their synthesis. Herein, we presented a synergistic assembly strategy based on coordination and noncovalent interactions (π–π stacking and CH⋯π interactions) to selectively synthesize molecular closed three-link chains
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A computational account of transsaccadic attentional allocation based on visual gain fields Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 William J. Harrison, Imogen Stead, Thomas S. A. Wallis, Peter J. Bex, Jason B. Mattingley
Coordination of goal-directed behavior depends on the brain’s ability to recover the locations of relevant objects in the world. In humans, the visual system encodes the spatial organization of sensory inputs, but neurons in early visual areas map objects according to their retinal positions, rather than where they are in the world. How the brain computes world-referenced spatial information across
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Collective Hall current in chiral active fluids: Coupling of phase and mass transport through traveling bands Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 Frank Siebers, Robin Bebon, Ashreya Jayaram, Thomas Speck
Active fluids composed of constituents that are constantly driven away from thermal equilibrium can support spontaneous currents and can be engineered to have unconventional transport properties. Here, we report the emergence of (meta)stable traveling bands in computer simulations of aligning circle swimmers. These bands are different from polar flocks and, through coupling phase with mass transport
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TMEM16F exacerbates tau pathology and mediates phosphatidylserine exposure in phospho-tau-burdened neurons Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 Mario V. Zubia, Adeline J. H. Yong, Kristen M. Holtz, Eric J. Huang, Yuh Nung Jan, Lily Y. Jan
TMEM16F is a calcium-activated phospholipid scramblase and nonselective ion channel, which allows the movement of lipids bidirectionally across the plasma membrane. While the functions of TMEM16F have been extensively characterized in multiple cell types, the role of TMEM16F in the central nervous system remains largely unknown. Here, we sought to study how TMEM16F in the brain may be involved in neurodegeneration
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In This Issue Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 9.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-25
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 26, June 2024.
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Smile! Living skin helps robot make a happy face Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
Anchors inspired by skin ligaments connect cell-based composite to robotic visage.
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Five new ways to catch gravitational waves — and the secrets they’ll reveal Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27
Observatories, experiments and techniques are being developed to spot ripples in space-time at frequencies that currently can’t be detected.
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Mechanism for the initiation of spliceosome disassembly Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Matthias K. Vorländer, Patricia Rothe, Justus Kleifeld, Eric Cormack, Lalitha Veleti, Daria Riabov-Bassat, Laura Fin, Alex W. Phillips, Luisa Cochella, Clemens Plaschka
Pre-mRNA splicing requires the assembly, remodeling, and disassembly of the multi-megadalton ribonucleoprotein complex called the spliceosome1. Recent studies have shed light on spliceosome assembly and remodeling for catalysis2–6, but the mechanism of disassembly remains unclear. Here, we report 2.6 to 3.2 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy structures of nematode and human terminal intron-lariat
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Buried interface molecular hybrid for inverted perovskite solar cells Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Sanwan Liu, Jingbai Li, Wenshan Xiao, Rui Chen, Zhenxing Sun, Yong Zhang, Xia Lei, Shuaifeng Hu, Manuel Kober-Czerny, Jianan Wang, Fumeng Ren, Qisen Zhou, Hasan Raza, You Gao, Yitong Ji, Sibo Li, Huan Li, Longbin Qiu, Wenchao Huang, Yan Zhao, Baomin Xu, Zonghao Liu, Henry J. Snaith, Nam-Gyu Park, Wei Chen
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with an “inverted” architecture are a key pathway for commercializing this emerging photovoltaic technology due to the better power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability as compared to the “normal” device structure. Specifically, PCEs of the inverted PSCs have exceeded 25% owing to the development of improved self-assembled molecules (SAMs)1-5 and passivation
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Aged mice regain youthful muscles thanks to a compound that acts on the genes Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26
A molecule increases levels of a protein that maintains telomeres, the caps on the ends of chromosomes.
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Chemical reservoir computation in a self-organizing reaction network Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Mathieu G. Baltussen, Thijs J. de Jong, Quentin Duez, William E. Robinson, Wilhelm T. S. Huck
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Molecular basis for transposase activation by a dedicated AAA+ ATPase Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Álvaro de la Gándara, Mercedes Spínola-Amilibia, Lidia Araújo-Bazán, Rafael Núñez-Ramírez, James M. Berger, Ernesto Arias-Palomo
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Zinc mediates control of nitrogen fixation via transcription factor filamentation Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Jieshun Lin, Peter K. Bjørk, Marie V. Kolte, Emil Poulsen, Emil Dedic, Taner Drace, Stig U. Andersen, Marcin Nadzieja, Huijun Liu, Hiram Castillo-Michel, Viviana Escudero, Manuel González-Guerrero, Thomas Boesen, Jan Skov Pedersen, Jens Stougaard, Kasper R. Andersen, Dugald Reid
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TnpB homologues exapted from transposons are RNA-guided transcription factors Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Tanner Wiegand, Florian T. Hoffmann, Matt W. G. Walker, Stephen Tang, Egill Richard, Hoang C. Le, Chance Meers, Samuel H. Sternberg
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Explainable El Niño predictability from climate mode interactions Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Sen Zhao, Fei-Fei Jin, Malte F. Stuecker, Philip R. Thompson, Jong-Seong Kug, Michael J. McPhaden, Mark A. Cane, Andrew T. Wittenberg, Wenju Cai
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Cenozoic history of the tropical marine biodiversity hotspot Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Skye Yunshu Tian, Moriaki Yasuhara, Fabien L. Condamine, Huai-Hsuan M. Huang, Allan Gil S. Fernando, Yolanda M. Aguilar, Hita Pandita, Toshiaki Irizuki, Hokuto Iwatani, Caren P. Shin, Willem Renema, Tomoki Kase
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Titanium:sapphire-on-insulator integrated lasers and amplifiers Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Joshua Yang, Kasper Van Gasse, Daniil M. Lukin, Melissa A. Guidry, Geun Ho Ahn, Alexander D. White, Jelena Vučković
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Synaptic architecture of leg and wing premotor control networks in Drosophila Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Ellen Lesser, Anthony W. Azevedo, Jasper S. Phelps, Leila Elabbady, Andrew Cook, Durafshan Sakeena Syed, Brandon Mark, Sumiya Kuroda, Anne Sustar, Anthony Moussa, Chris J. Dallmann, Sweta Agrawal, Su-Yee J. Lee, Brandon Pratt, Kyobi Skutt-Kakaria, Stephan Gerhard, Ran Lu, Nico Kemnitz, Kisuk Lee, Akhilesh Halageri, Manuel Castro, Dodam Ih, Jay Gager, Marwan Tammam, Sven Dorkenwald, Forrest Collman
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Megastudy shows that reminders boost vaccination but adding free rides does not Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Katherine L. Milkman, Sean F. Ellis, Dena M. Gromet, Youngwoo Jung, Alex S. Luscher, Rayyan S. Mobarak, Madeline K. Paxson, Ramon A. Silvera Zumaran, Robert Kuan, Ron Berman, Neil A. Lewis, John A. List, Mitesh S. Patel, Christophe Van den Bulte, Kevin G. Volpp, Maryann V. Beauvais, Jonathon K. Bellows, Cheryl A. Marandola, Angela L. Duckworth
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Connectomic reconstruction of a female Drosophila ventral nerve cord Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Anthony Azevedo, Ellen Lesser, Jasper S. Phelps, Brandon Mark, Leila Elabbady, Sumiya Kuroda, Anne Sustar, Anthony Moussa, Avinash Khandelwal, Chris J. Dallmann, Sweta Agrawal, Su-Yee J. Lee, Brandon Pratt, Andrew Cook, Kyobi Skutt-Kakaria, Stephan Gerhard, Ran Lu, Nico Kemnitz, Kisuk Lee, Akhilesh Halageri, Manuel Castro, Dodam Ih, Jay Gager, Marwan Tammam, Sven Dorkenwald, Forrest Collman, Casey
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Structural mechanism of bridge RNA-guided recombination Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Masahiro Hiraizumi, Nicholas T. Perry, Matthew G. Durrant, Teppei Soma, Naoto Nagahata, Sae Okazaki, Januka S. Athukoralage, Yukari Isayama, James J. Pai, April Pawluk, Silvana Konermann, Keitaro Yamashita, Patrick D. Hsu, Hiroshi Nishimasu
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Experimental observation of repulsively bound magnons Nature (IF 50.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Zhe Wang, Catalin-Mihai Halati, Jean-Sébastien Bernier, Alexey Ponomaryov, Denis I. Gorbunov, Sandra Niesen, Oliver Breunig, J. Michael Klopf, Sergei Zvyagin, Thomas Lorenz, Alois Loidl, Corinna Kollath