Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresThe authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Karam has received consultant fees from Edwards Lifesciences, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic; and has received proctor fees from Abbott. Dr Stolz received speaker honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Lurz has received institutional fees and research grants from Abbott Cardiovascular, Edwards Lifesciences, and ReCor; has received honoraria

This call to action aims to increase awareness of inclusive language in medicine to enhance the experiences of patients and staff and improve health outcomes. Recognizing that terms change, we urge all health-care professionals to advocate for their colleagues and patients. This responsibility to educate the community should not fall exclusively onto marginalized communities.

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), formerly recognized as marantic endocarditis, represents a rare cardiovascular pathology intricately linked with hypercoagulable states, notably malignancy and autoimmune disorders. Characterized by the development of sterile vegetations comprised of fibrin and platelets on cardiac valves, NBTE poses a diagnostic challenge due to its resemblance to infective

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BackgroundCurrent guidelines recommend a strategy of clinical surveillance (CS) for patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) and normal left ventricular ejection fraction. ObjectivesTo conduct a study-level meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of early aortic valve replacement (AVR) compared with CS in patients with asymptomatic severe AS. MethodsStudies

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BackgroundMineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) improve outcomes in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but are underused in clinical practice. Observational data suggest that hyperkalemia is the leading obstacle for the suboptimal use of MRA. ObjectivesWe evaluated the effects of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) in optimizing use of spironolactone among participants

BACKGROUNDTransthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a fatal disease, caused by misfolded transthyretin depositing as amyloid fibrils in the heart. Because disease progression is common, practical and sensitive methods are needed to monitor patients and optimize treatment decisions. Outpatient worsening heart failure (HF) (oral loop diuretic intensification or initiation) is simple

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Section snippets Associations of Self-Reported Race, Social Determinants of Health, and Polygenic Risk With Coronary Heart Disease 2157Kristjan Norland, Daniel J. Schaid, Mohammadreza Naderian, Jie Na, Iftikhar J. KulloIn a study of 67,256 All of Us participants, the authors tested the associations of self-reported race/ethnicity, social determinants of health (SDOH), and polygenic risk with coronary

BackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDOH) influence the risk of common diseases such as coronary heart disease (CHD). ObjectivesThis study sought to test the associations of self-reported race/ethnicity, SDOH, and a polygenic risk score (PRS), with CHD in a large and diverse U.S. cohort. MethodsIn 67,256 All of Us (AoU) participants with available SDOH and whole-genome sequencing data, we ascertained

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Background and Aims The role of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in atherosclerosis has evolved to indicate causal genetic links with the disease. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) studies have identified multiple cell populations of mesenchymal origin within atherosclerotic lesions, including various SMC sub-phenotypes, but it is unknown how they relate to patient clinical parameters and genetics

Background and Aims The bleeding risk of using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in patients treated with oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains unclear. Methods A nationwide cohort study of 51 794 VTE patients initiating oral anticoagulants between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2022 was conducted. Time-dependent multivariate cause-specific Cox regression was used

BACKGROUND Patients with heart failure, a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and obesity have significant disability and suffer frequent exacerbations of heart failure. We hypothesized that tirzepatide, a long-acting agonist of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors, would improve a comprehensive suite of clinical endpoints, including measures of health

Precision medicine aims to provide personalized clinical care guided by tools that reflect underlying pathophysiology. The need for such an approach has never been greater in cardiovascular medicine, given the large number of guideline-directed medical therapies available. However, progress has been modest to date with few precision tools available for clinicians. Arguably, cardiovascular prevention

BACKGROUND In the phase 3 randomized controlled study, ATTRibute-CM, acoramidis, a transthyretin (TTR) stabilizer, demonstrated significant efficacy on the primary endpoint. Participants with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) who completed ATTRibute-CM were invited to enroll in an open-label extension study (OLE). We report efficacy and safety data of acoramidis in participants who completed

BACKGROUND In severely symptomatic patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), VALOR-HCM trial (Study to Evaluate Mavacamten in Adults With Symptomatic Obstructive HCM Who Are Eligible for Septal Reduction Therapy [URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04349072]) reported that mavacamten reduced the short-term need for septal reduction therapy (SRT). The current report

BACKGROUND The optimal duration of anticoagulation therapy for patients with cancer and acute low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is clinically relevant, but evidence is lacking. Prolonged anticoagulation therapy could have a potential benefit for prevention of thrombotic events; however, it could also increase the risk of bleeding. METHODS In a multicenter, open-label, adjudicator-blinded, randomized

This cross-sectional study uses National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data to examine the number of US adults eligible for semaglutide across all current indications.

ImportanceSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are the first therapy shown to improve clinical outcomes for patients with heart failure (HF) and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) greater than 40%. Nationwide adoption of SGLT2is in the US since publication of the Empagliflozin Outcome Trial in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (EMPEROR-Preserved)

Aims We investigated whether the disruption of C-C motif chemokine receptor (CCR) 2 may attenuate the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in any rat models with the reversal of the associated pro-inflammatory state and vascular dysfunction, and synergize with a conventional pulmonary vasodilator. Methods and Results Using Ccr2(-/-) rats generated by CRISPR/Cas9, we investigated pulmonary

ImportanceTreatment with finerenone, a nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA), improved outcomes in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction in FINEARTS-HF, but was associated with increased levels of serum potassium in follow-up.ObjectiveTo investigate the frequency and predictors of serum potassium level greater than 5.5 mmol/L and less than

ImportanceEfficient approaches to prevent postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are still needed.ObjectiveTo investigate whether partial cardiac denervation, achieved by cutting off the ligament of Marshall (LOM) and resecting the fat pad along the Waterston groove, can reduce the risk of POAF following CABG.Design, Setting and ParticipantsThis single-center

ImportanceSex is associated with the clinical presentation, outcomes, and response to treatment in patients with heart failure (HF). However, little is known about the safety and efficacy of treatment with finerenone according to sex.ObjectiveTo estimate the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared with placebo in both women and men.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPrespecified analyses were conducted

ImportanceTransthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a progressive cardiomyopathy that commonly presents with concomitant chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney dysfunction is associated with worse outcomes, but the prognostic value of changes in kidney function over time has yet to be defined.ObjectiveTo assess the prognostic importance of a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)

ImportanceInfluenza vaccination in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reduces major adverse cardiac events and is strongly recommended in clinical practice guidelines. Effective strategies to improve vaccination are needed in these high-risk patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether electronically delivered behavioral nudges improve influenza vaccine uptake in patients with AMI across 3 nationwide

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Frailty is increasingly prevalent in people presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This high-risk group is typically excluded from trials of interventions in ACS, and there is uncertainty about the risks and benefits of invasive management. METHODS Patients with an ACS diagnosis between 2010 and 2015 in England were identified from Hospital Episode Statistics, with linked