Objectives To evaluate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognition in a large sample of older adults, and to examine clinical and demographic factors that might moderate these associations. Methods CRF was measured with a graded exercise test performed on a motorised treadmill. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using data from a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to obtain latent factors reflecting core cognitive domains. Linear regression models evaluated the association between CRF and each of the cognitive composites, and potential moderators including demographic factors (age, sex, education), apolipoprotein E ε4 ( APOE4 ) carriage, beta-blocker use and components of maximal effort criteria during CRF testing. Results The sample consisted of 648 adults (mean (SD) age 69.88 (3.75)), including 461 women (71.1%). The highest oxygen consumption obtained during testing (VO2max) was mean (SD) = 21.68 (5.06) mL/kg/min. We derived a five-factor model composed of episodic memory, processing speed, working memory, executive function/attentional control and visuospatial function. Higher CRF was associated with better performance across all five cognitive domains after controlling for covariates. Age and APOE4 carriage did not moderate observed associations. The relationship between CRF and cognitive performance was greater in women, those with fewer years of education and those taking beta-blockers in the domains of processing speed (sex: β=−0.447; p=0.015; education: β=−0.863; p=0.018) and executive function/attentional control (sex: β=−0.417; p=0.022; education β=−0.759; p=0.034; beta-blocker use: β=0.305; p=0.047). Conclusion Higher CRF in older adulthood is associated with better cognitive performance across multiple domains susceptible to age-related cognitive decline. Sex, education and use of beta-blockers moderated observed associations within select cognitive domains. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data are available upon reasonable request to the executive committee of the IGNITE Trial.

中文翻译：

---

心肺适能与成年后期的认知功能相关：IGNITE 研究的基线结果


目的 评估大量老年人心肺健康 （CRF） 与认知之间的关联，并检查可能调节这些关联的临床和人口学因素。方法 通过在电动跑步机上进行的分级运动测试来测量 CRF。使用来自综合神经心理学电池的数据进行验证性因子分析，以获得反映核心认知领域的潜在因素。线性回归模型评估了 CRF 与每种认知复合体之间的关联，以及潜在的调节因素，包括人口统计学因素 （年龄、性别、教育程度）、载脂蛋白 E ε4 （ APOE4 ） 携带、β 受体阻滞剂的使用和 CRF 测试期间最大努力标准的组成部分。结果 样本包括 648 名成人 （平均 （SD） 年龄 69.88 （3.75）），包括 461 名女性 （71.1%）。测试期间获得的最高耗氧量 （VO2max） 为平均值 （SD） = 21.68 （5.06） mL/kg/min。我们得出了一个由情景记忆、处理速度、工作记忆、执行功能/注意力控制和视觉空间功能组成的五因素模型。在控制协变量后，较高的 CRF 与所有五个认知领域的更好表现相关。年龄和 APOE4 携带率并未调节观察到的关联。CRF 与女性认知能力之间的关系在女性、受教育年限较短的女性和服用 β 受体阻滞剂的女性中更大（性别：β=−0.447;p=0.015;教育：β=−0.863;p=0.018）和执行功能/注意力控制（性别：β=−0.417;p=0.022;教育β=−0.759;p=0.034;β 受体阻滞剂使用：β=0.305;p=0.047）。 结论 老年人较高的 CRF 与易受年龄相关认知能力下降影响的多个领域的较好认知表现相关。性别、教育和 β 受体阻滞剂的使用调节了选定认知领域内观察到的关联。数据可根据合理要求提供。可向 IGNITE 试验执行委员会提出合理要求时获得数据。