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PTH receptor signalling, osteocytes and bone disease induced by diabetes mellitus Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Silvia Marino, Teresita Bellido
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The challenges of assessing adiposity in a clinical setting Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Emma Börgeson, Saeideh Tavajoh, Stephan Lange, Niels Jessen
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Post-burn endocrine–immune dynamics and ageing considerations Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Fadi Khalaf, Zachary Ricciuti, Dalia Barayan, Stephanie Wojtowicz-Piotrowski, Marc G. Jeschke
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Artemisinins as a promising treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-08 Olivia Tysoe
One of the key drivers of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is androgen excess, which results in symptoms such as metabolic dysfunction, impaired ovulation and endometrial diseases. A new study in Science investigated the potential for artemisinin, an anti-malaria drug derived from Artemisia plants, and its analogues to reduce androgen levels in women with PCOS and improve PCOS symptoms. The researchers
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A trio of trials on hormone receptor agonists for MASLD Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Shimona Starling
A pressing need exists for drugs to treat metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD, previously referred to as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease). Now, three phase II clinical trials have reported encouraging findings on three different hormone receptor agonist drugs for MASLD. Over the past few years, great progress has been made in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity
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Metabolically healthy obesity: from epidemiology and mechanisms to clinical implications Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Matthias B. Schulze, Norbert Stefan
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Progestin production by the gut microbiota Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Claire Greenhill
The gut microbiota has a role in modifying host steroids, but the exact nature of this interaction has been unclear. New research shows that certain organisms in the gut microbiota produce the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (a derivative of progesterone), and also identified the mechanisms of this production. “Steroids are exquisitely potent signalling molecules, but that also means they’re found in
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The relationship between the gut microbiota and thyroid disorders Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Marian E. Ludgate, Giulia Masetti, Paula Soares
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Debunking the myths of intermittent fasting Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Krista A. Varady, Shuhao Lin, Vanessa M. Oddo, Sofia Cienfuegos
Despite the mounting evidence supporting the use of intermittent fasting as a safe and effective weight loss intervention, many myths about fasting persist in popular culture. Here, we review some common beliefs about intermittent fasting that are not supported by scientific evidence.
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Mind the (human-based new approach methodology) gap! Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Denise D. Belsham
The 1980s marked the beginning of the era of molecular biology; the sky was the limit for new technologies using complex genetic constructs to create mouse models for use in every field of science. In particular, the area of endocrinology had a range of novel transgenic mouse models that encompassed knockouts and knockins that enabled the link from a phenotype to specific genes and gene networks to
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The relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and type 1 diabetes mellitus Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Cyril Debuysschere, Magloire Pandoua Nekoua, Enagnon Kazali Alidjinou, Didier Hober
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Evidence for somatic mutation screening on aggressive prolactinomas Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-17 Marily Theodoropoulou, Stephan Petersenn, Philippe Chanson, Gerald Raverot
The recent Consensus Statement on the diagnosis and management of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas) drew attention to molecular pathogenetic mechanisms. We comment that somatic screening for SF3B1 hotspot variants in select cases might alert to aggressive tumour behaviour and prompt the timely management and intense follow up of these challenging tumours.
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Circulating non-coding RNA biomarkers of endocrine tumours Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-17 Henriett Butz, Attila Patócs, Peter Igaz
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Gut hormones and bone homeostasis: potential therapeutic implications Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-10 Béatrice Bouvard, Guillaume Mabilleau
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Diabetes mellitus in patients with acromegaly: pathophysiology, clinical challenges and management Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Daniela Esposito, Cesar Luiz Boguszewski, Annamaria Colao, Maria Fleseriu, Federico Gatto, Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen, Oskar Ragnarsson, Diego Ferone, Gudmundur Johannsson
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Metabolic alliance: pharmacotherapy and exercise management of obesity Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-05 Javier Butragueño, Jonatan R. Ruiz
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NMDA receptor antagonist coupled to GLP1 analogue in highly effective experimental weight loss drug Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Olivia Tysoe
Small-molecule drugs targeting the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a glutamate-activated cation channel broadly expressed in neurons in the brain, had previously been investigated for weight loss in preclinical studies, but were not considered translationally viable due to adverse physiological and behavioural effects. Now, a study in Nature has combined an NMDA receptor antagonist (MK-801) with
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Prediabetes remission for type 2 diabetes mellitus prevention Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-28 Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Viswanathan Mohan
Current guidelines for the delay and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus recommend for people with prediabetes to lose at least 7% of their body weight. Here, we advocate to use glycaemic remission as a goal of prevention in people with prediabetes and those who are at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Sertoli cell lysosomal dysfunction drives age-related testicular degeneration Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-22 Olivia Tysoe
Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is an age-related disease affecting 2–6% of men >40 years old. LOH is a result of reduced testosterone production by the testes and can lead to fatigue, sexual dysfunction and increased susceptibility to metabolic and degenerative diseases. A new study in Nature Aging investigated the mechanisms underlying LOH by assessing the structure and microenvironment of testes on
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Obesity dysregulates a pituitary–liver axis through disruption of the unfolded protein response Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-21 Shimona Starling
A recent study published in Cell Metabolism identifies a new mechanism by which obesity affects pituitary function through disrupting the unfolded protein response (UPR), and the resultant endocrine defects leading to maladptive hepatic UPR and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, also known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease). Hormone secretion from the
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Transcriptional control of metabolism by interferon regulatory factors Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-20 Zunair Ahmad, Wahab Kahloan, Evan D. Rosen
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AMPK as a mediator of tissue preservation: time for a shift in dogma? Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-17 Henning Tim Langer, Maria Rohm, Marcus DaSilva Goncalves, Lykke Sylow
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The role of brown adipose tissue in metabolic health Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Claire Greenhill
It is very well known that brown adipose tissue (BAT) is involved in thermogenesis, particularly in rodents. However, whether and how BAT affects the metabolic health of adult humans has been unclear. A new study addresses this issue. In this study, the researchers generated mice with BAT-specific knockout of the mitochondrial BCAA carrier (MBC, encoded by Slc25a44), which meant that mitochondrial
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Hearing abnormalities in patients treated with teprotumumab Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Jason A. Brant, Don O. Kikkawa, Terry J. Smith
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Advances in the management of achondroplasia Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Ravi Savarirayan
The first precision therapy for children with achondroplasia, vosoritide, is now approved in many regions, including Australia, the USA, the European Union and Japan. This article discusses the recent trial results for this therapy regarding growth and the co-morbidities associated with achondroplasia and considers the rationale for its clinical use.
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Arginine vasopressin deficiency: diagnosis, management and the relevance of oxytocin deficiency Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Cihan Atila, Julie Refardt, Mirjam Christ-Crain
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A congress on head and neck paragangliomas: advancing clinical care Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Mario Sanna, Karel Pacak, David Taїeb, Renato Mariani-Costantini
The First International Congress on Head and Neck Paragangliomas in 2023 launched a global initiative directed towards improving the management of head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs), including prevention, treatment and research. The Congress highlighted a lack of international evidence-based consensuses and guidelines for HNPGLs. The Congress will now convene triennially to foster personalized medicine
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Thyroid function and iodine intake: global recommendations and relevant dietary trends Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Sarah C. Bath
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Optimizing the treatment of hypothyroidism Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Antonio C. Bianco, Peter N. Taylor
Daily levothyroxine (LT4) is the standard of care for the treatment of hypothyroidism; however, a small number of patients experience residual symptoms of hypothyroidism. Guidelines indicate that a trial with LT4 and liothyronine (LT3) could be attempted once other conditions have been addressed or excluded. Even so, currently, treatment of hypothyroidism can still be suboptimal.
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New genes associated with adult-onset obesity Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Claire Greenhill
The factors that determine an individual’s body weight are highly complex and incompletely understood. Currently, >1,000 genes that are associated with body weight have been identified; however, these variants explain only a small fraction of the population variance in BMI. Over the past few years, whole-exome sequencing has been applied at the population scale, in exome-wide association studies. Now
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Mild autonomous cortisol secretion: pathophysiology, comorbidities and management approaches Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Alessandro Prete, Irina Bancos
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A novel system for non-invasive measurement of blood levels of glucose Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Olivia Tysoe
People with diabetes mellitus rely predominantly on finger pricking to measure blood levels of glucose, which can be onerous. A popular alternative is electrochemical microneedles used in continuous glucose monitors; however, these systems measure glucose levels in the interstitial fluid rather than in the blood directly, which potentially results in inaccurate measurements. A study in Nature Metabolism
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Targeting the incretin system in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Saleem Ansari, Bernard Khoo, Tricia Tan
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Continuous glucose monitoring for the routine care of type 2 diabetes mellitus Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Ramzi A. Ajjan, Tadej Battelino, Xavier Cos, Stefano Del Prato, Jean-Christophe Philips, Laurent Meyer, Jochen Seufert, Samuel Seidu
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Metformin acts through appetite-suppressing metabolite: Lac-Phe Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Shimona Starling
Metformin is a first-line medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that acts to reduce blood levels of glucose, food intake and body weight. The mechanisms behind the therapeutic effects of metformin are not completely understood and various modes of action have been proposed. Now, two independent studies published simultaneously in Nature Metabolism point towards a role for an appetite-suppressing
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Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B in metabolic diseases and drug development Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Mirela Delibegović, Sergio Dall’Angelo, Ruta Dekeryte
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The hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and the enigma of Alzheimer disease sex differences Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Florent Sauvé, Loïc Kacimi, Vincent Prévot
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Endocrine and cellular physiology and pathology of the insulin-like growth factor acid-labile subunit Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Robert C. Baxter
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Sex differences in diabetic kidney disease explained Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Claire Greenhill
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and can lead to chronic kidney failure. However, prevention and treatment options are fairly limited. In addition, the incidence and rate of progression of DKD is known to differ between male and female patients. To date, the reasons underlying these sex differences have been unclear. A new study, published in Science Translational
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Inceptor loss in mice with obesity Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Shimona Starling
Inceptor (encoded by Iir) is a novel receptor that inhibits insulin receptor and insulin-like growth factor signalling. A previous study showed that loss of inceptor from β-cells in lean normoglycaemic mice improved glucose homeostasis. Now, the same group reports findings on inceptor loss in mouse models of obesity. Inceptor is widely expressed in neurons and pan-neuronal Iir deletion in male DIO
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Metabolic regulation of skeletal cell fate and function Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Steve Stegen, Geert Carmeliet
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The individual response to antibiotics and diet — insights into gut microbial resilience and host metabolism Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Lars M. M. Vliex, John Penders, Arjen Nauta, Erwin G. Zoetendal, Ellen E. Blaak
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Antibodies drive adipose tissue ageing Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Shimona Starling
The mechanisms underlying metabolic decline during ageing are not well understood. A new study in Cell Metabolism identifies IgG antibodies as factors that accumulate in white adipose tissue (WAT) during ageing, driving tissue fibrosis and impaired metabolic health in mice. “Leveraging our understanding of ageing research, we naturally sought to investigate whether interventions targeting ageing could
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Thyroid-function reference ranges in the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction in adults Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Salman Razvi
Applying a uniform reference range across all adults for serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones makes establishing a diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction challenging and could lead to potentially unnecessary treatment. For the results of thyroid function tests to be meaningful, the reference ranges should reflect individual variation in thyroid function.
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Controlling brown adipose tissue size through EPAC1 Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Francesc Villarroya, Marta Giralt
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Cryo-electron microscopy for GPCR research and drug discovery in endocrinology and metabolism Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Jia Duan, Xin-Heng He, Shu-Jie Li, H. Eric Xu
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An historical step in our understanding of hypothalamic oestrogen feedback Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Erik Hrabovszky
In 1957, Béla Flerkó and János Szentágothai implanted ovarian and liver tissue autografts into two distinct hypothalamic regions or the adenohypophysis of female rats. The tiny pieces of liver were absorbed. By contrast, the ovary implants survived and continued to release oestrogens. Furthermore, when the ovarian tissue was implanted below the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, the weight of the
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Phase I results for AMG 133 Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Claire Greenhill
The past few years have seen a rapid increase in the development and use of new drugs to treat obesity, many of which target the incretin system. A new study has reported the phase I results of AMG 133 (also known as maridebart cafraglutide), which is a bispecific molecule consisting of a glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIPR) antagonist antibody conjugated to two glucagon-like peptide
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Endocrine disrupting chemicals are a threat to hormone health: a commentary on behalf of the ESE Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Martin Reincke, Wiebke Arlt, Pauliina Damdimopoulou, Josef Köhrle, Jerome Bertherat
The European Society of Endocrinology (ESE), representing 20,000 endocrinologists, is concerned about the effect of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on endocrine health, particularly thyroid and gonadal function. The policy strategies of the ESE aim to minimize overall exposure of humans to EDCs and to stimulate funding for research at the level of the European Union.
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Beyond the ovary: rewiring our perspective on polycystic ovary syndrome Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Rebecca E. Campbell
One in ten women of reproductive age is likely to have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a complex endocrine disorder that affects reproductive, metabolic, cardiovascular and psychological health. PCOS is defined by ovarian dysfunction, including the diagnostic features of androgen excess, reduced or absent ovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology. However, two seminal studies in the late 1990s
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FGF21 suppresses CD8+ T cell antitumour activity Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Olivia Tysoe
Tumours can evade the immune system by suppressing the activity of immune cells within the tumour microenvironment (TME), with cytotoxic CD8+ T cells being a key target for immunosuppression. A study in Cell Metabolism has now identified a mechanism by which fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) promotes tumour growth via inhibition of CD8+ T cell activity. Activated CD8+ T cells were treated with conditioned
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RalA links obesity and mitochondrial dysfunction Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Katrin Legg
Obesity in humans and rodents is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, but what connects obesity and mitochondrial damage? The small GTPase RalA, according to a report in Nature Metabolism. The report’s authors observed increased RalA expression and activity in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) during the development of obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), prompting them to create adipocyte-specific
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Obesity and the kidney: mechanistic links and therapeutic advances Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Kevin Yau, Rachel Kuah, David Z. I. Cherney, Tony K. T. Lam
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Thyroid dysfunction in COVID-19 Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 David Tak Wai Lui, Chi Ho Lee, Yu Cho Woo, Ivan Fan Ngai Hung, Karen Siu Ling Lam
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Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: Part 1, general recommendations Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Márta Korbonits, Joanne C. Blair, Anna Boguslawska, John Ayuk, Justin H. Davies, Maralyn R. Druce, Jane Evanson, Daniel Flanagan, Nigel Glynn, Claire E. Higham, Thomas S. Jacques, Saurabh Sinha, Ian Simmons, Nicky Thorp, Francesca M. Swords, Helen L. Storr, Helen A. Spoudeas
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Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: Part 2, specific diseases Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Márta Korbonits, Joanne C. Blair, Anna Boguslawska, John Ayuk, Justin H. Davies, Maralyn R. Druce, Jane Evanson, Daniel Flanagan, Nigel Glynn, Claire E. Higham, Thomas S. Jacques, Saurabh Sinha, Ian Simmons, Nicky Thorp, Francesca M. Swords, Helen L. Storr, Helen A. Spoudeas
Pituitary adenomas are rare in children and young people under the age of 19 (hereafter referred to as CYP) but they pose some different diagnostic and management challenges in this age group than in adults. These rare neoplasms can disrupt maturational, visual, intellectual and developmental processes and, in CYP, they tend to have more occult presentation, aggressive behaviour and are more likely
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Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a clinical overview Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Carla M. Prado, John A. Batsis, Lorenzo M. Donini, M. Cristina Gonzalez, Mario Siervo
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Targeting endometriosis Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Claire Greenhill
Endometriosis is a common disorder, affecting ~10% of women worldwide. However, despite this high prevalence, treatment options are still very limited. Current treatments include surgery and hormone-based medications; however, these are often ineffective. As a result, large numbers of people are living with this debilitating condition. A new study reports early findings of a non-hormonal treatment
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Dysfunctional lipid metabolism in ageing muscle: effects on glucose tolerance Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Shimona Starling
A new study published in Nature Aging has found that a previously overlooked lipid metabolic pathway is dysfunctional in ageing skeletal muscle and this deficiency could affect systemic glucose metabolism.
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Pancreatic δ-cells influence the glycaemic set point Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. (IF 31.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Olivia Tysoe
Somatostatin, produced by pancreatic δ-cells, has been known to inhibit insulin secretion since its discovery in the 1970s. However, the role of somatostatin in the regulation of the glycaemic set point (the homeostatic blood level of glucose between meals) remains unclear. A study in Nature Metabolism now explores the contribution of pancreatic δ-cell somatostatin secretion to the glycaemic set point