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Rape, Homicide, and Abortion Bans — The Abandonment of People Subjected to Sexual and Intimate Partner Violence N. Engl. J. Med. (IF 96.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-20 Elizabeth Tobin-Tyler, and Samuel L. Dickman From the School of Public Health and the Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI (E.T.-T.), and Planned Parenthood of Montana, Billings (S.L.D.).
Violence against women receives little attention from policymakers and courts. State policymakers who have implemented abortion bans ignore the connections between pregnancy and violence.
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What will it take to make precision health a global reality Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-19
As healthcare becomes more data-driven and precise, promising greater accuracy, targeted use of resources and healthier populations, we ask what it will take to realize these benefits in local and global contexts.
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Fit for work? The relationship between health and employment will become an increasingly pressing problem BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Lara Shemtob, Rabeea F Khan
The question of fitness for work is most visible in positions of power, but it has widespread relevance, say Lara Shemtob and Rabeea F Khan Is President Biden fit to run for office from a health perspective? If not, is he fit to be in post now? What about Donald Trump’s fitness to run for office? These questions have dogged the US presidential race and have gathered considerable momentum in the media
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Disrupted neural rhythms predict response in deep brain stimulation for OCD Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-19
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Sleep patterns and risk of chronic disease as measured by long-term monitoring with commercial wearable devices in the All of Us Research Program Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Neil S. Zheng, Jeffrey Annis, Hiral Master, Lide Han, Karla Gleichauf, Jack H. Ching, Melody Nasser, Peyton Coleman, Stacy Desine, Douglas M. Ruderfer, John Hernandez, Logan D. Schneider, Evan L. Brittain
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Integrated image-based deep learning and language models for primary diabetes care Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Jiajia Li, Zhouyu Guan, Jing Wang, Carol Y. Cheung, Yingfeng Zheng, Lee-Ling Lim, Cynthia Ciwei Lim, Paisan Ruamviboonsuk, Rajiv Raman, Leonor Corsino, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Andrea O. Y. Luk, Li Jia Chen, Xiaodong Sun, Haslina Hamzah, Qiang Wu, Xiangning Wang, Ruhan Liu, Ya Xing Wang, Tingli Chen, Xiao Zhang, Xiaolong Yang, Jun Yin, Jing Wan, Wei Du, Ten Cheer Quek, Jocelyn Hui Lin Goh, Dawei
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Reporting guidelines for precision medicine research of clinical relevance: the BePRECISE checklist Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Siew S. Lim, Zhila Semnani-Azad, Mario L. Morieri, Ashley H. Ng, Abrar Ahmad, Hugo Fitipaldi, Jacqueline Boyle, Christian Collin, John M. Dennis, Claudia Langenberg, Ruth J. F. Loos, Melinda Morrison, Michele Ramsay, Arun J. Sanyal, Naveed Sattar, Marie-France Hivert, Maria F. Gomez, Jordi Merino, Deirdre K. Tobias, Michael I. Trenell, Stephen S. Rich, Jennifer L. Sargent, Paul W. Franks
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Challenges to identifying risk versus protective factors in Alzheimer’s disease Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Chiara Pappalettera, Claudia Carrarini, Stefano Cappa, Naike Caraglia, Maria Cotelli, Camillo Marra, Daniela Perani, Alberto Redolfi, Patrizia Spadin, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Nicola Vanacore, Fabrizio Vecchio, Paolo Maria Rossini
arising from J. Fortea et al. Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-02931-w (2024) Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functioning and independence in daily living, remains an unsolved challenge in modern health organization1,2.
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Reply to: Challenges to identifying risk versus protective factors in Alzheimer’s disease Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Juan Fortea, Lídia Vaqué-Alcázar, Jordi Pegueroles, Daniel Alcolea, Olivia Belbin, Oriol Dols-Icardo, Laura Videla, Juan Domingo Gispert, Marc Suárez-Calvet, Sterling C. Johnson, Reisa Sperling, Alexandre Bejanin, Alberto Lleó, Víctor Montal
replying to C. Pappalettera et al. Nat. Med. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03158-5 (2024) Pappalettera et al.1 raise important points concerning our recent publication on APOE4 homozygotes2, specifically about the definition of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), resilience factors, and the ethical implications of diagnosing asymptomatic individuals. We welcome the opportunity to clarify these points, emphasizing
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Covid-19 infection and vaccination during first trimester and risk of congenital anomalies: Nordic registry based study BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Maria C Magnus, Jonas Söderling, Anne K Örtqvist, Anne-Marie Nybo Andersen, Olof Stephansson, Siri E Håberg, Stine Kjaer Urhoj
Objectives To evaluate the risk of major congenital anomalies according to infection with or vaccination against covid-19 during the first trimester of pregnancy. Design Prospective Nordic registry based study. Setting Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. Participants 343 066 liveborn singleton infants in Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, with an estimated start of pregnancy between 1 March 2020 and 14 February
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Trends in long term vaping among adults in England, 2013-23: population based study BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Sarah E Jackson, Harry Tattan-Birch, Lion Shahab, Jamie Brown
Objective To examine trends in long term (>6 months) vaping among adults in England. Design Population based study. Setting England. Participants 179 725 adults (≥18 years) surveyed between October 2013 and October 2023. Main outcome measures Time trends in prevalence of long term vaping using logistic regression, overall and by vaping frequency (daily or non-daily), and main type of device used (disposable
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How do tirzepatide and semaglutide compare for weight loss … and other research BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Tom Nolan
Tom Nolan reviews this week’s research A cohort study of over 18 000 overweight or obese people prescribed tirzepatide or semaglutide for type 2 diabetes in the US compared weight loss over a one year period between the two drugs. By now, it’s no longer surprising that people taking either drug lost weight: 81.8% of those taking tirzepatide and 66.5% of those taking semaglutide achieved at least 5%
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How to avoid bad decisions that can ruin your career BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Daniel Sokol
About once a fortnight I deliver a day long, one-to-one ethics course to a medical student, doctor, or dentist. These clients, usually referred to me by their concerned legal advisers, are undergoing disciplinary proceedings and are fighting for their professional lives. The allegations against them are varied. Some have had sex with patients; some have harassed or bullied colleagues; some have breached
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We urgently need humanised, respectful maternity care for all BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Meghan Bohren, Zoe Bradfield
We must challenge the harmful gender norms and racial inequities that drive poor experiences and health outcomes for women and gender diverse people giving birth and the professionals who care for them, write Meghan Bohren and Zoe Bradfield Maternity services in the United Kingdom are at a precipice. The first Birth Trauma Inquiry paints a harrowing picture of the current state of maternal and newborn
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Will Labour help us transition away from pre-clinical animal research? BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Pandora Pound, Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
We must develop a funded, evidence based transition programme to enable a shift to safe and effective human biology based approaches in research In February 2024, the Conservative government announced its intention to accelerate the development and uptake of technologies to reduce the use of animals in science, promising publication of a transition strategy this summer.1 Hopes are high that Labour
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When I use a word . . . Fictional drugs from Robert Heinlein, Frank Herbert, Aldous Huxley, and J R R Tolkien BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Jeffrey K Aronson
I define fictional drugs as non-existent medicines, intended for human use, that have been invented for the purposes of some forms of fiction, usually novels, but also plays or films, including TV dramas. Here I discuss four sources of information about such drugs: Robert Heinlein’s novella Logic of Empire (1941; rhira or happywater); Frank Herbert’s Dune (1965: melange or spice and Water of Life);
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Joseph McKenna: leading figure in endocrinology who transformed medical education in Ireland BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Rebecca Wallersteiner
Joseph (“Joe”) McKenna was the former president of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (RCPI) who revolutionised medical education and was a leading figure in endocrinology. Over the course of his career he authored more than 200 papers and texts in medical and scientific journals. Born in Dublin on 5 August 1942, Joseph McKenna was only five weeks old when his father died in a car accident
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Preventing stroke . . . and other stories BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 British Medical Journal Publishing Group
Stroke is a leading cause of death, and many of its risk factors are potentially modifiable. How many strokes would be prevented if everyone stopped smoking, ate well, took sensible amounts of physical exercise, lost weight, and had their hypertension, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation properly treated? A calculation from the US using data from national surveys reckons that about a third of strokes
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Intra-abdominal tumours in a man in his 30s BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Ioannis A Voutsadakis
A man in his 30s presented with a 9 month history of epigastric discomfort that occasionally radiated laterally to the upper quadrants (fig 1). Contrast enhanced computed tomography showed multiple peritoneal nodules throughout the abdomen and pelvis, and the patient was referred to the oncology clinic …
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Concerns about preference informed allocation in the UK foundation programme BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Pratik Ramkumar
I read Bharmal and colleagues’ editorial about the shift to preference informed allocation with interest and concern.1 While the new system aims to create a fairer process, there will be implications for newly qualified doctors and the NHS. The authors note that while most students get their first choice, the proportion who are allocated to one of their bottom five choices has …
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NHS England should rethink four year undergraduate medical degrees BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 David T Otuonye
I am sceptical of the four year undergraduate medical degree that NHS England is launching.1 Similar concerns around the General Medical Council’s vision for medical training have already been covered by Oliver and Vaughan.2 Many questions are yet to be answered by NHS England and the GMC regarding this launch—for example, what …
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Four year medical degree: stop using “widening participation” to justify questionable policy BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Jason K Sarfo-Annin
As a doctor who entered medicine through a “widening participation” scheme, I am becoming increasingly incensed by doctors and officials using people from my background as a justification for questionable medical workforce policy.1 Widening participation aims to support and encourage students whose personal circumstances puts them at a disadvantage when pursuing higher education. We already know the
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New four year direct entry medical degree: prudence is needed BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Dan Shan, Zhengrui Li, Congxiyu Wang
NHS England recently unveiled plans for a new four year undergraduate medical degree, starting in 2026.1 This programme—distinct from the existing graduate entry programme yet identical in duration—pioneers a new educational pathway for school leavers. The introduction of the new undergraduate programme has prompted a re-evaluation of the core tenets of medical training, particularly regarding depth
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Deepfakes and doctors: How people are being fooled by social media scams BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Chris Stokel-Walker
Chris Stokel-Walker investigates the increasing prevalence of deepfake videos purporting to be of popular doctors selling scam products Hilary Jones is one of the UK’s most recognisable doctors. For decades he’s answered the public’s questions on television, tackling their worries about illnesses, and making medical jargon easy to understand. It’s little wonder, therefore, that people might be interested
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A man with swollen, numb fingers BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Lu Yu, Weili Du, Yuming Shen
A man in his 40s presented to the burns and plastic surgery clinic with numbness, swelling, and limited flexion of both hands. While climbing Mount Everest 10 days previously he had removed his gloves for about 10 minutes at an altitude of 8000 metres. Over the next hour he experienced gradual numbness and limited flexion of both hands. Because queues to descend the mountain were long, rewarming with
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The rise of disposable e-cigarettes in England and implications for public health BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 David Hammond
Rapidly evolving marketing of e-cigarettes poses regulatory challenges More than a decade after the introduction of electronic cigarettes, their impact on public health remains a hotly debated topic. Governments around the world have struggled to find the optimal balance between preventing uptake among young people and embracing vaping as an opportunity to help adults stop smoking. Until recently,
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In praise of boring AI BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Kamran Abbasi
Stephen Bradley, a GP, wants his computer to work (doi:10.1136/bmj.q1171).1 He wants artificial intelligence (AI) to help make mundane and sometimes complex tasks easier. When was a drug started, why, and by whom? He wants help checking on outstanding care and reviews, as well as filling in reports and benefit claims. What about identifying clinical problems from a summary care record and making the
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US Surgeon General Vivek Murthy: Firearm Violence Is a Public Health Crisis JAMA (IF 63.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-19 Jennifer Abbasi, Yulin Hswen
This Medical News article is an interview with US Surgeon General, Vivek Murthy, MD, MBA, and JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS, about a new advisory that declares gun violence a public health crisis.
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A 25-Year-Old With an Incidentally Detected Ascending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Bicuspid Aortic Valve JAMA (IF 63.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Nicholas Oh, Eric E. Roselli, Patrick R. Vargo
A woman with shortness of breath underwent imaging that showed an isolated dilatation in the mid ascending aorta and a bicuspid aortic valve but no pulmonary infiltrates, effusion, or embolism and no aortic stenosis or regurgitation; her family history is notable for aortic dissection. What would you do next?
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Someone Has to Be Around to Put Out the Lights JAMA (IF 63.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Joel Yager
In this narrative medicine essay, a retired psychiatrist emulates his father who in his sunset years helped many of his friends, family members, and loved ones navigate end-of-life illnesses and death.
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Toward a Comprehensive Measure of Drug-Attributable Harm JAMA (IF 63.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Vaughan W. Rees, Connor Kubeisy, Howard K. Koh
This Viewpoint from authors at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health summarizes approaches to addressing substance use in the US; challenges posed by metrics such as overdose deaths; and more informative metrics, such as quality-adjusted life-years, to promote health equity and improve length and quality of life and health outcomes at all levels.
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Insulin for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Natalie Vanderpant, Emily Ward, Edward Farrell, Aikaterini Theodoraki
### What you need to know A 55 year old woman with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) consults you at her annual diabetes review. Her HbA1c has increased to 90 mmol/mol (10.4%, target <53 mmol/mol or 7.0%) from 72 mmol/mol (8.7%). Since diagnosis at the age of 31, she has been taking oral diabetes medications including metformin, dapagliflozin, and gliclazide. Her current body mass index (BMI) is 26.0 kg/m2. She
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Helen Salisbury: A new health secretary, optimism, and a note of caution BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Helen Salisbury
We have a new government, and in general practice there’s a mood of cautious optimism. The first visit made by Wes Streeting, the new secretary of state for health and social care, was to a general practice—a move that he said was a deliberate signal of his priorities in this role. During his visit he promised to increase the proportion of NHS funding allocated to general practice and to bring back
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Peter Mason: leading surgeon and gynaecologist BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Rebecca Wallersteiner
William Peter Mason was born on 19 April 1947 in Abertillery, Wales, the second son of Herbert Mason, a civil engineer, and Eileen (née Williams), a primary school teacher. Educated at Abertillery Grammar School, Mason was admitted to Bristol as a dental student in 1965 and switched to medicine after the first year. He qualified in 1972, then undertook junior hospital jobs in Bristol and Cardiff, showing
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Arie Jeremy Zuckerman BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Mark Zuckerman, Jane Zuckerman
Arie Jeremy Zuckerman had a distinguished career in medicine spanning more than 60 years. He qualified from the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine in 1957, winning the University of London gold medal in medicine. After house jobs at the Royal Free and Whittington hospitals in London, he was called up for national service with the Royal Air Force in 1959 and rose to the rank of squadron leader.
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Senior trust leaders who show understanding and compassion are crucial in retaining junior doctors BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Wen Wang
The role of senior leaders of NHS trusts in retaining trainee doctors is crucial,1 but a fundamental change is needed. The ongoing junior doctors’ strikes and low levels of retention reflect the deep discontent of this group—not just around pay but also with working conditions and training experience.23 Only 30% of foundation year 2 doctors progressed to further training …
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BMJ Commission on the Future of Academic Medicine must challenge medical publishers to deliver value BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Stephen H Bradley
The BMJ Commission on the Future of Academic Medicine is welcome for all the reasons articulated by Abbasi.1 The remit of the commission should include tackling the poor value taxpayers, the public, and academics receive from publishers. Publishers rely on huge subventions from the public through journal subscriptions and article processing charges paid for by academic institutions and …
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Why India is failing to track heatstroke fatalities properly BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Rupsa Chakraborty
Suspected heatstroke cases in India have surged to over 40 000, but a lack of doctor training and proper certification means that many deaths are unreported. Rupsa Chakraborty reports As of 18 June, India had reported 110 deaths from heatstroke this year and another 40 272 suspected cases, amid temperatures nearing 50°C that have affected large parts of the country. Most were in rural areas and linked
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Health systems in India: analysing barriers to inclusive health leadership through a gender lens BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Jasmine Gideon, Sumegha Asthana, Ramila Bisht
Using India as a case study, Jasmine Gideon and colleagues argue that considering how gender perspectives operate within health systems and society can help achieve more inclusive health leadership In 2019 a World Health Organization (WHO) report laid out vast gender inequalities affecting leadership roles across health systems. Women constitute 70% of the global health workforce but hold only 25%
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Dismantling the structures of inequality: why we need feminist leadership in the health sector BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Sarah Hawkes, Rama Baru
Approaches to increasing women’s representation in senior leadership need to go beyond individual empowerment and adopt principles of social justice, argue Sarah Hawkes and Rama Baru Since the term was first coined in the 1970s, much has been written about the “glass ceiling” effect—the phenomenon whereby women and others who are subject to structural exclusion and marginalisation are present at all
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Strengthening systems of accountability for women’s leadership in the health sector BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Kent Buse, Harvy Joy Liwanag, Aaron Koay, Sapna Kedia, Sylvia Kiwuwa-Muyingo, Soon-Young Yoon, Sarah Hawkes
Accountability can improve equal opportunities for women’s career progression and it must be strengthened in the health sector, argue Kent Buse and colleagues People working in health sectors are generally familiar with the concept of accountability for standards and quality in delivery of care.1 This means that individuals and organisations are compelled to take responsibility for their actions and
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Medical Practice and the Climate Crisis JAMA (IF 63.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Wendy Levinson
This JAMA Insights discusses the significant role that health care plays in the climate crisis and provides strategies to assist clinicians with improving patient care while also protecting the environment.
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Endometriosis Typology and Ovarian Cancer Risk JAMA (IF 63.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Mollie E. Barnard, Leslie V. Farland, Bin Yan, Jing Wang, Britton Trabert, Jennifer A. Doherty, Huong D. Meeks, Myke Madsen, Emily Guinto, Lindsay J. Collin, Kathryn A. Maurer, Jessica M. Page, Amber C. Kiser, Michael W. Varner, Kristina Allen-Brady, Anna Z. Pollack, Kurt R. Peterson, C. Matthew Peterson, Karen C. Schliep
ImportanceEndometriosis has been associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer; however, the associations between endometriosis subtypes and ovarian cancer histotypes have not been well-described.ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations of endometriosis subtypes with incidence of ovarian cancer, both overall and by histotype.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPopulation-based cohort study using data
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New Reproductive Privacy Rule to Protect Both Patients and Physicians JAMA (IF 63.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Carmel Shachar
This Viewpoint describes the newly finalized Reproductive Privacy Rule, a HIPAA regulatory update intended to prevent law enforcement in abortion-restrictive states from obtaining reproductive care medical records to prosecute patients and physicians.
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Comparative single-cell analysis reveals IFN-γ as a driver of respiratory sequelae after acute COVID-19 Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Chaofan Li, Wei Qian, Xiaoqin Wei, Harish Narasimhan, Yue Wu, Mohd Arish, In Su Cheon, Jinyi Tang, Gislane de Almeida Santos, Ying Li, Kamyar Sharifi, Ryan Kern, Robert Vassallo, Jie Sun
Postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (PASC) represent an urgent public health challenge and are estimated to affect more than 60 million individuals globally. Although a growing body of evidence suggests that dysregulated immune reactions may be linked with PASC symptoms, most investigations have primarily centered around blood-based studies,
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Vasohibin inhibition improves myocardial relaxation in a rat model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Deborah M. Eaton, Benjamin W. Lee, Matthew A. Caporizzo, Amit Iyengar, Christina Y. Chen, Keita Uchida, Guillaume Marcellin, Yoann Lannay, Alexia Vite, Kenneth C. Bedi, Claire F. Brady, Julia N. Smolyak, Danika Meldrum, Jessica Dominic, Noah Weingarten, Mrinal Patel, Andrew Belec, Khaled Hached, Pavan Atluri, Siem Van Der Laan, Benjamin L. Prosser, Kenneth B. Margulies
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex syndrome associated with increased myocardial stiffness and cardiac filling abnormalities. Prior studies implicated increased α-tubulin detyrosination, which is catalyzed by the vasohibin enzymes, as a contributor to increased stabilization of the cardiomyocyte microtubule network (MTN) and stiffness in failing human hearts. We explored
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Knockdown of swine leukocyte antigen expression in porcine lung transplants enables graft survival without immunosuppression Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Constanca Figueiredo, Chen Chen-Wacker, Jawad Salman, Marco Carvalho-Oliveira, Thierry Siemeni Monthé, Klaus Höffler, Tamina Rother, Karolin Hacker, Emilio Valdivia, Olena Pogozhykh, Sabine Hammer, Wiebke Sommer, Yuliia Yuzefovych, Nadine Wenzel, Axel Haverich, Gregor Warnecke, Rainer Blasczyk
Immune rejection remains the major obstacle to long-term survival of allogeneic lung transplants. The expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules and minor histocompatibility antigens triggers allogeneic immune responses that can lead to allograft rejection. Transplant outcomes therefore depend on long-term immunosuppression, which is associated with severe side effects. To address this
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Extracellular vesicle–packaged PIAT from cancer-associated fibroblasts drives neural remodeling by mediating m5C modification in pancreatic cancer mouse models Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Shangyou Zheng, Chonghui Hu, Qing Lin, Tingting Li, Guolin Li, Qing Tian, Xiang Zhang, Tianhao Huang, Yuancheng Ye, Rihua He, Changhao Chen, Yu Zhou, Rufu Chen
Perineural invasion (PNI) is a biological characteristic commonly observed in pancreatic cancer. Although PNI plays a key role in pancreatic cancer metastasis, recurrence, and poor postoperative survival, its mechanism is largely unclarified. Clinical sample analysis and endoscopic ultrasonographic elasticity scoring indicated that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were closely related to the occurrence
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Molecular dissection of cobra venom highlights heparinoids as an antidote for spitting cobra envenoming Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Tian Y. Du, Steven R. Hall, Felicity Chung, Sergey Kurdyukov, Edouard Crittenden, Karishma Patel, Charlotte A. Dawson, Adam P. Westhorpe, Keirah E. Bartlett, Sean A. Rasmussen, Cesar L. Moreno, Christopher E. Denes, Laura-Oana Albulescu, Amy E. Marriott, Joel P. Mackay, Mark C. Wilkinson, José María Gutiérrez, Nicholas R. Casewell, G. Gregory Neely
Snakebites affect about 1.8 million people annually. The current standard of care involves antibody-based antivenoms, which can be difficult to access and are generally not effective against local tissue injury, the primary cause of morbidity. Here, we used a pooled whole-genome CRISPR knockout screen to define human genes that, when targeted, modify cell responses to spitting cobra venoms. A large
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Licensed H5N1 vaccines generate cross-neutralizing antibodies against highly pathogenic H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b influenza virus Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Surender Khurana, Lisa R. King, Jody Manischewitz, Olivia Posadas, Ashish K. Mishra, Dongxiao Liu, John H. Beigel, Rino Rappuoli, John S. Tsang, Hana Golding
Global emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, and their transmission to dairy cattle and animals, including humans, pose a significant global public health threat. Therefore, development of effective vaccines and therapeutics against H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus is considered a public health priority. In the U.S., three H5N1 vaccines derived from earlier strains
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Bariatric metabolic surgery is associated with a lower risk for heart failure versus GLP-1RAs Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-15
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Scarlett McNally: Introducing the term “resident doctor” to replace “junior doctor” BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Scarlett McNally
At the recent annual representative meeting in Belfast, BMA members voted to rename “junior doctors” as “resident doctors.”1 I was there as the motion was passed and admit to feeling a pang of defeat but also a calm sense of closure. In 2018 I was invited to investigate what to call junior doctors. I produced my report in 2022, including explanations, data, survey results, naming options, and recommendations
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James (Donald) Bissett BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Alec C McDonald, Roy P Rampling, Rhona McMenemin, Alastair McMurray
James Donald Bissett, known as Donald, studied science at St Andrews University before switching to medicine. He graduated in 1982 from Manchester where during subsequent general medical training he met Carol. They later married. He began training in radiotherapy and oncology in Nottingham where the arrival of Christopher to join Ian and Helen completed the family. Returning to Glasgow, Donald trained
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Jonathan (“Joff”) Harvey Shaw BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Simon Mardel, Mark Strachan
Jonathan Harvey Shaw, known as Joff, attended Oldham Hulme Grammar School before moving to Scotland to study medicine. He arrived at the University of Edinburgh Medical School in 1986 with a mane of blond hair, a leather jacket, and a Mini Clubman. He was the epitome of cool. Joff lived life to the full, although his membership of the university motor club was short lived after he rolled his Mini during
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Charles Roger Gomersal BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Niall Cartlidge
Roger was brought up in a village near Skipton, North Yorkshire. He went to Skipton Grammar School, then to Newcastle to study medicine, where he met his wife, Dorothy. He specialised in obstetrics and gynaecology and following …
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Prison healthcare: overcrowding, understaffing, a drug epidemic, and an ageing population in an unfit Victorian estate BMJ (IF 93.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Sally Howard
Healthcare in prisons has improved in the two decades since this vulnerable population came under NHS care. We still have a long way to go to achieve equal healthcare for the nation’s incarcerated, say the GPs who are trying to do just that. Sally Howard reports An 85 year old man arrives late at night at the reception area of a category B prison (box 1) in southern England. Frail, confused, and wheelchair
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Author Correction: A spatial architecture-embedding HLA signature to predict clinical response to immunotherapy in renal cell carcinoma Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Lisa Kinget, Stefan Naulaerts, Jannes Govaerts, Isaure Vanmeerbeek, Jenny Sprooten, Raquel S. Laureano, Nikolina Dubroja, Gautam Shankar, Francesca M. Bosisio, Eduard Roussel, Annelies Verbiest, Francesca Finotello, Markus Ausserhofer, Diether Lambrechts, Bram Boeckx, Agnieszka Wozniak, Louis Boon, Johan Kerkhofs, Jessica Zucman-Rossi, Maarten Albersen, Marcella Baldewijns, Benoit Beuselinck, Abhishek
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A comprehensive cancer center in the cloud powered by AI can reduce health disparities Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Wilfred Ngwa, Arthur Pressley, Vanessa M. Wilson, Richard Marlink, Yuri Quintana, Fallon Chipidza, Curtiland Deville, Harry Quon, Stephen Avery, Labenyimoh Patrick, Kenneth Ngwa
Recent reports by the American Association for Cancer Research1,2 have highlighted cancer-associated health inequalities for those who are Black, Indigenous, or people of color. Black Americans have the highest overall death rates from cancer of any racial or ethnic group in the USA: for example, death rates from prostate cancer for Black men are more than double those for every other racial or ethnic
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Precision health could mitigate clinical biases that impact care Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-15
Shivani Misra describes how meeting a misdiagnosed patient early in her career led her to study precision diabetes in underrepresented groups.
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A life-course multisectoral approach to precision health in LMICs Nat. Med. (IF 58.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Stefan Swartling Peterson, Olive Kobusingye, Roy Mayega, Jackson Orem, Peter Waiswa