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The R1441C-Lrrk2 mutation induces myeloid immune cell exhaustion in an age- and sex-dependent manner in mice Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Rebecca L. Wallings, Karen McFarland, Hannah A. Staley, Noelle Neighbarger, Susen Schaake, Norbert Brüggemann, Simone Zittel, Tatiana Usnich, Christine Klein, Esther M. Sammler, Malú Gámez Tansey
Age is the greatest risk factor for many neurodegenerative diseases, yet immune system aging, a contributor to neurodegeneration, is understudied. Genetic variation in the LRRK2 gene affects risk for both familial and sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD). The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) protein is implicated in peripheral immune cell signaling, but the effects of an aging immune system on LRRK2
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Monoclonal antibodies against the spike protein alter the endogenous humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Christopher D. Petro, Andrea T. Hooper, Avery Peace, Kusha Mohammadi, Will Eagan, Sayda M. Elbashir, Anthony DiPiazza, Daniel Makrinos, Kristen Pascal, Pooja Bandawane, Mauricio Durand, Ranu Basu, Alida Coppi, Bei Wang, Jacquelynn Golubov, Seblewongel Asrat, Samit Ganguly, Ellen-Marie Koehler-Stec, Matthew F. Wipperman, George Ehrlich, Ana M. Gonzalez Ortiz, Flonza Isa, Mark G. Lewis, Hanne Andersen
Increased use of antiviral monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for treatment and prophylaxis necessitates better understanding of their impact on endogenous immunity to vaccines and viruses. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic presented an opportunity to study immunity in individuals who received antiviral mAbs and were subsequently immunized with vaccines encoding the
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Integrative multiomic analysis identifies distinct molecular subtypes of NAFLD in a Chinese population Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Jingjing Ding, Huaizheng Liu, Xiaoxun Zhang, Nan Zhao, Ying Peng, Junping Shi, Jinjun Chen, Xiaoling Chi, Ling Li, Mengni Zhang, Wen-Yue Liu, Liangjun Zhang, Jiafeng Ouyang, Qian Yuan, Min Liao, Ya Tan, Mingqiao Li, Ziqian Xu, Wan Tang, Chuanming Xie, Yi Li, Qiong Pan, Ying Xu, Shi-Ying Cai, Christopher D. Byrne, Giovanni Targher, Xinshou Ouyang, Liqun Zhang, Zhongyong Jiang, Ming-Hua Zheng, Fengjun
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a common health care burden worldwide. The high heterogeneity of NAFLD remains elusive and impairs outcomes of clinical diagnosis and pharmacotherapy. Several NAFLD classifications have been proposed on the basis of clinical, genetic, alcoholic, or serum metabolic analyses. Yet, accurately predicting the progression of NAFLD to cirrhosis or hepatocellular
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Nociceptor-to-macrophage communication through CGRP/RAMP1 signaling drives endometriosis-associated pain and lesion growth in mice Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Victor Fattori, Tiago H. Zaninelli, Fernanda S. Rasquel-Oliveira, Olivia K. Heintz, Ashish Jain, Liang Sun, Maya L. Seshan, Daniëlle Peterse, Anne E. Lindholm, Raymond M. Anchan, Waldiceu A. Verri, Michael S. Rogers
Endometriosis is a debilitating and painful gynecological inflammatory disease affecting up to 15% of women and transgender men. Current treatments are ineffective for a substantial proportion of patients, underscoring the need for additional therapies with long-term benefits. Nociceptors release neuropeptides, such as calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP), which are known to shape immunity through
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Dysregulation of zebrin-II cell subtypes in the cerebellum is a shared feature across polyglutamine ataxia mouse models and patients Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Luke C. Bartelt, Pawel M. Switonski, Grażyna Adamek, Fabiana Longo, Juliana Carvalho, Lisa A. Duvick, Sabrina I. Jarrah, Hayley S. McLoughlin, Daniel R. Scoles, Stefan M. Pulst, Harry T. Orr, Court Hull, Craig B. Lowe, Albert R. La Spada
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG-polyglutamine repeat expansion. Purkinje cells (PCs) are central to the pathology of ataxias, but their low abundance in the cerebellum underrepresents their transcriptomes in sequencing assays. To address this issue, we developed a PC enrichment protocol and sequenced individual nuclei from mice and patients
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Transient anti-interferon autoantibodies in the airways are associated with recovery from COVID-19 Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Benjamin R. Babcock, Astrid Kosters, Devon J. Eddins, Maria Sophia Baluyot Donaire, Sannidhi Sarvadhavabhatla, Vivian Pae, Fiona Beltran, Victoria W. Murray, Gurjot Gill, Guorui Xie, Brian S. Dobosh, Vincent D. Giacalone, Rabindra M. Tirouvanziam, Richard P. Ramonell, Scott A. Jenks, Ignacio Sanz, F. Eun-Hyung Lee, Nadia R. Roan, Sulggi A. Lee, Eliver E. B. Ghosn
Preexisting anti–interferon-α (anti–IFN-α) autoantibodies in blood are associated with susceptibility to life-threatening COVID-19. However, it is unclear whether anti–IFN-α autoantibodies in the airways, the initial site of infection, can also determine disease outcomes. In this study, we developed a multiparameter technology, FlowBEAT, to quantify and profile the isotypes of anti–severe acute respiratory
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Bayesian modeling for analyzing heterogeneous response in preclinical mouse tumor models Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Bairu Zhang, Lukasz Magiera, Juliana Candido, Olga Muraeva, Jane Coates Ulrichsen, Jim Eyles, Elena Galvani, Natasha A. Karp
In anticancer research, tumor growth measured in mouse models is important for assessing treatment efficacy for a treatment to progress to human clinical trials. Statistical analysis of time-to-event tumor volume data is complex because of heterogeneity in response and welfare-related data loss. Traditional statistical methods of testing the mean difference between groups are not robust because they
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Inhibition of an Alzheimer’s disease–associated form of necroptosis rescues neuronal death in mouse models Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Marta J. Koper, Sebastiaan Moonen, Alicja Ronisz, Simona Ospitalieri, Zsuzsanna Callaerts-Vegh, Dries T’Syen, Sabine Rabe, Matthias Staufenbiel, Bart De Strooper, Sriram Balusu, Dietmar Rudolf Thal
Necroptosis is a regulated form of cell death that has been observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) along with the classical pathological hallmark lesions of amyloid plaques and Tau neurofibrillary tangles. To understand the neurodegenerative process in AD, we studied the role of necroptosis in mouse models and primary mouse neurons. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated activated necroptosis-related
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Protumoral lipid droplet–loaded macrophages are enriched in human glioblastoma and can be therapeutically targeted Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Valeria Governa, Kelin Gonçalves de Oliveira, Anna Bång-Rudenstam, Svenja Offer, Myriam Cerezo-Magaña, Jiaxin Li, Sarah Beyer, Maria C. Johansson, Ann-Sofie Månsson, Charlotte Edvardsson, Faris Durmo, Emma Gustafsson, Axel Boukredine, Pauline Jeannot, Katja Schmidt, Emelie Gezelius, Julien A. Menard, Raquel Garza, Johan Jakobsson, Therese de Neergaard, Pia C. Sundgren, Aliisa M. Tiihonen, Hannu Haapasalo
Glioblastoma presents a formidable clinical challenge because of its complex microenvironment. Here, we characterized tumor-associated foam cells (TAFs), a type of lipid droplet–loaded macrophage, in human glioblastoma. Through extensive analyses of patient tumors, together with in vitro and in vivo investigations, we found that TAFs exhibit distinct protumorigenic characteristics related to hypoxia
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A kidney-specific fasting-mimicking diet induces podocyte reprogramming and restores renal function in glomerulopathy Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Valentina Villani, Camille Nicolas Frank, Paolo Cravedi, Xiaogang Hou, Sofia Bin, Anna Kamitakahara, Cristiani Barbati, Roberta Buono, Stefano Da Sacco, Kevin V. Lemley, Roger E. De Filippo, Silvia Lai, Alessandro Laviano, Valter D. Longo, Laura Perin
Cycles of a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) promote regeneration and reduce damage in the pancreases, blood, guts, and nervous systems of mice, but their effect on kidney disease is unknown. In addition, a FMD has not been tested in rats. Here, we show that cycles of a newly developed low-salt FMD (LS-FMD) restored normal proteinuria and nephron structure and function in rats with puromycin-induced nephrosis
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Single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Parkinson’s disease brains Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Biqing Zhu, Jae-Min Park, Sarah R. Coffey, Anthony Russo, I-Uen Hsu, Jiawei Wang, Chang Su, Rui Chang, TuKiet T. Lam, Pallavi P. Gopal, Stephen D. Ginsberg, Hongyu Zhao, David A. Hafler, Sreeganga S. Chandra, Le Zhang
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, and recent evidence suggests that pathogenesis may be in part mediated by inflammatory processes, the molecular and cellular architectures of which are largely unknown. To identify and characterize selectively vulnerable brain cell populations in PD, we performed single-nucleus transcriptomics and unbiased proteomics to profile the
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Engineering CAR-T therapies for autoimmune disease and beyond Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Emily P. English, Rachel N. Swingler, Simran Patwa, Mehmet Tosun, James F. Howard Jr., Miloš D. Miljković, Christopher M. Jewell
Chimeric antigen receptor–T cell (CAR-T) therapy has transformed the management of refractory hematological malignancies. Now that targeting pathogenic cells of interest with antigen-directed cytotoxic T lymphocytes is possible, the field is expanding the reach of CAR-T therapy beyond oncology. Recently, breakthrough progress has been made in the application of CAR-T technology to autoimmune diseases
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SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 mRNA booster vaccination elicits limited mucosal immunity Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Ninaad Lasrado, Marjorie Rowe, Katherine McMahan, Nicole P. Hachmann, Jessica Miller, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Jinyan Liu, Brookelynne Verrette, Kristin A. Gotthardt, Darren M. Ty, Juliana Pereira, Camille R. Mazurek, Amelia Hoyt, Ai-ris Y. Collier, Dan H. Barouch
Current COVID-19 vaccines provide robust protection against severe disease but minimal protection against acquisition of infection. Intramuscularly administered COVID-19 vaccines induce robust serum neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), but their ability to boost mucosal immune responses remains to be determined. In this study, we show that the XBB.1.5 messenger RNA (mRNA) boosters result in increased serum
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From blood to mucosa Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Jinyi Tang, Jie Sun
Current COVID-19 vaccines induce suboptimal respiratory mucosal immunity even after mRNA boosters (Declercq et al . and Lasrado et al ., this issue).
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Stromal reprogramming overcomes resistance to RAS-MAPK inhibition to improve pancreas cancer responses to cytotoxic and immune therapy Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Xiuting Liu, John M. Baer, Meredith L. Stone, Brett L. Knolhoff, Graham D. Hogg, Madeleine C. Turner, Yu-Lan Kao, Alyssa G. Weinstein, Faiz Ahmad, Jie Chen, Andrew D. Schmidt, Jeffrey A. Klomp, Heather Coho, Kayjana S. Coho, Silvia Coma, Jonathan A. Pachter, Kirsten L. Bryant, Liang-I Kang, Kian-Huat Lim, Gregory L. Beatty, David G. DeNardo
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy that is often resistant to therapy. An immune suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and oncogenic mutations in KRAS have both been implicated as drivers of resistance to therapy. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition has not yet shown clinical efficacy, likely because of rapid acquisition of tumor-intrinsic resistance. However
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Cryptosporidium lysyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors define the interplay between solubility and permeability required to achieve efficacy Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Nicola Caldwell, Caroline Peet, Peter Miller, Beatrice L. Colon, Malcolm G. Taylor, Mattia Cocco, Alice Dawson, Iva Lukac, Jose E. Teixeira, Lee Robinson, Laura Frame, Simona Seizova, Sebastian Damerow, Fabio Tamaki, John Post, Jennifer Riley, Nicole Mutter, Jack C. Hanna, Liam Ferguson, Xiao Hu, Michele Tinti, Barbara Forte, Neil R. Norcross, Peter S. Campbell, Nina Svensen, Flora C. Caldwell, Chimed
Cryptosporidiosis is a diarrheal disease caused by infection with Cryptosporidium spp. parasites and is a leading cause of death in malnourished children worldwide. The only approved treatment, nitazoxanide, has limited efficacy in this at-risk patient population. Additional safe therapeutics are urgently required to tackle this unmet medical need. However, the development of anti-cryptosporidial drugs
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Repeated COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccination contributes to SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody responses in the mucosa Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Jozefien Declercq, Sarah Gerlo, Sharon Van Nevel, Natalie De Ruyck, Gabriele Holtappels, Liesbeth Delesie, Els Tobback, Inés Lammens, Nikita Gerebtsov, Koen Sedeyn, Xavier Saelens, Bart N. Lambrecht, Philippe Gevaert, Linos Vandekerckhove, Stijn Vanhee
To prevent infection by respiratory viruses and consequently limit virus circulation, vaccines need to promote mucosal immunity. The extent to which the currently used messenger RNA (mRNA)–based COVID-19 vaccines induce mucosal immunity remains poorly characterized. We evaluated mucosal neutralizing antibody responses in a cohort of 183 individuals. Participants were sampled at several time points
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Characterization of clonal dynamics using duplex sequencing in donor-recipient pairs decades after hematopoietic cell transplantation Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Masumi Ueda Oshima, Jacob Higgins, Isaac Jenkins, Timothy Randolph, Thomas Smith, Charles Valentine, Jesse Salk, Cecilia Yeung, Lan Beppu, Judy Campbell, Paul A. Carpenter, Stephanie J. Lee, Mary E. Flowers, Jerald P. Radich, Rainer Storb
After allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), a very small number of donor stem cells reconstitute the recipient hematopoietic system, whereas the donor is left with a near-normal pool of stem cells. We hypothesized that the increased replicative stress on transplanted donor cells in the recipient could lead to the disproportionate proliferation of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) variants. We
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Human OX40L–CAR-T regs target activated antigen-presenting cells and control T cell alloreactivity Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 Xianliang Rui, Francesca Alvarez Calderon, Holly Wobma, Ulrike Gerdemann, Alexandre Albanese, Lorenzo Cagnin, Connor McGuckin, Katherine A. Michaelis, Kisa Naqvi, Bruce R. Blazar, Victor Tkachev, Leslie S. Kean
Regulatory T cells (T regs ) make major contributions to immune homeostasis. Because T reg dysfunction can lead to both allo- and autoimmunity, there is interest in correcting these disorders through T reg adoptive transfer. Two of the central challenges in clinically deploying T reg cellular therapies are ensuring phenotypic stability and maximizing potency. Here, we describe an approach to address
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Melatonin receptor 1A variants as genetic cause of idiopathic osteoporosis Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 Brygida Bisikirska, Rossella Labella, Alvaro Cuesta-Dominguez, Na Luo, Jessica De Angelis, Ioanna Mosialou, Chyuan-Sheng Lin, David Beck, Sneh Lata, Peter Timothy Shyu, Donald J. McMahon, Edward Guo, Jacob Hagen, Wendy K. Chung, Elizabeth Shane, Adi Cohen, Stavroula Kousteni
Idiopathic osteoporosis (IOP) is a rare form of early-onset osteoporosis diagnosed in patients with no known metabolic or hormonal cause of bone loss and unknown pathogenesis. Patients with IOP commonly report both childhood fractures and family history of osteoporosis, raising the possibility of genetic etiologies of IOP. Whole-exome sequencing analyses of different IOP cohorts identified multiple
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Follistatin drives neuropathic pain in mice through IGF1R signaling in nociceptive neurons Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 Bao-Chun Jiang, Yue-Juan Ling, Meng-Lin Xu, Jun Gu, Xiao-Bo Wu, Wei-Lin Sha, Tian Tian, Xue-Hui Bai, Nan Li, Chang-Yu Jiang, Ouyang Chen, Ling-Jie Ma, Zhi-Jun Zhang, Yi-Bin Qin, Meixuan Zhu, Hong-Jie Yuan, Long-Jun Wu, Ru-Rong Ji, Yong-Jing Gao
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating chronic condition that lacks effective treatment. The role of cytokine- and chemokine-mediated neuroinflammation in its pathogenesis has been well documented. Follistatin (FST) is a secreted protein known to antagonize the biological activity of cytokines in the transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) superfamily. The involvement of FST in neuropathic pain and the underlying
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High-fidelity PAMless base editing of hematopoietic stem cells to treat chronic granulomatous disease Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 Vera Bzhilyanskaya, Linyuan Ma, Siyuan Liu, Lauren R. Fox, Madelynn N. Whittaker, Ronald J. Meis, Uimook Choi, Amanda Lawson, Michelle Ma, Narda Theobald, Sandra Burkett, Colin L. Sweeney, Cicera R. Lazzarotto, Shengdar Q. Tsai, Justin B. Lack, Xiaolin Wu, Gary A. Dahl, Harry L. Malech, Benjamin P. Kleinstiver, Suk See De Ravin
X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) resulting from genetic mutations in the cytochrome b-245 beta chain ( CYBB ) gene. The applicability of base editors (BEs) to correct mutations that cause X-CGD is constrained by the requirement of Cas enzymes to recognize specific protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs). Our recently engineered PAMless Cas enzyme, SpRY
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Intraoperative evaluation of tumor margins using a TROP2 near-infrared imaging probe to enable human breast-conserving surgery Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 Weiling Chen, Yongqu Zhang, Lixin Zhang, Xiangjie Luo, Xia Yang, Yuanyuan Zhu, Guimei Wang, Wenhe Huang, Deliang Zhang, Yunzhu Zeng, Ronghui Li, Cuiping Guo, Jiazheng Wang, Zhao Wu, Na Liu, Guojun Zhang
Intraoperative surgical margin assessment remains a challenge during breast-conserving surgery. Here, we report a combined strategy of immuno–positron emission tomography (PET) for preoperative detection of breast cancer and guided assessment of margins in breast-conserving surgery through second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging of trophoblastic cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2). We demonstrated
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A multispecific antibody against SARS-CoV-2 prevents immune escape in vitro and confers prophylactic protection in vivo Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-09 John Misasi, Ronnie R. Wei, Lingshu Wang, Amarendra Pegu, Chih-Jen Wei, Olamide K. Oloniniyi, Tongqing Zhou, Juan I. Moliva, Bingchun Zhao, Misook Choe, Eun Sung Yang, Yi Zhang, Marika Boruszczak, Man Chen, Kwanyee Leung, Juan Li, Zhi-Yong Yang, Hanne Andersen, Kevin Carlton, Sucheta Godbole, Darcy R. Harris, Amy R. Henry, Vera B. Ivleva, Q. Paula Lei, Cuiping Liu, Lindsay Longobardi, Jonah S. Merriam
Despite effective countermeasures, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) persists worldwide because of its ability to diversify and evade human immunity. This evasion stems from amino acid substitutions, particularly in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein that confers resistance to vaccine-induced antibodies and antibody therapeutics. To constrain viral escape
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An altered natural killer cell immunophenotype characterizes clinically severe pediatric RSV infection Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-09 Roisin B. Reilly, Saïsha K. Ramdour, Mary E. Fuhlbrigge, Luciana P. Tavares, Steven J. Staffa, Jocelyn M. Booth, Nandini Krishnamoorthy, Bruce D. Levy, Melody G. Duvall
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects nearly all children by 2 years of age and is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalizations. A subset of children with RSV infection (RSV + children) develop respiratory failure requiring intensive care, but immune mechanisms distinguishing severe pediatric RSV infection are not fully elucidated. Natural killer (NK) cells are key innate immune effectors of viral
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Sleep-sensitive dopamine receptor expression in male mice underlies attention deficits after a critical period of early adversity Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-09 Yuichi Makino, Nathaniel W. Hodgson, Emma Doenier, Anna Victoria Serbin, Koya Osada, Pietro Artoni, Matthew Dickey, Breanna Sullivan, Amelia Potter-Dickey, Jelena Komanchuk, Bikram Sekhon, Nicole Letourneau, Neal D. Ryan, Jeanette Trauth, Judy L. Cameron, Takao K. Hensch
Early life stress (ELS) yields cognitive impairments of unknown molecular and physiological origin. We found that fragmented maternal care of mice during a neonatal critical period from postnatal days P2–9 elevated dopamine receptor D2R and suppressed D4R expression, specifically within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in only the male offspring. This was associated with poor performance on a two-choice
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A proinflammatory stem cell niche drives myelofibrosis through a targetable galectin-1 axis Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-09 Rong Li, Michela Colombo, Guanlin Wang, Antonio Rodriguez-Romera, Camelia Benlabiod, Natalie J. Jooss, Jennifer O’Sullivan, Charlotte K. Brierley, Sally-Ann Clark, Juan M. Pérez Sáez, Pedro Aragón Fernández, Erwin M. Schoof, Bo Porse, Yiran Meng, Abdullah O. Khan, Sean Wen, Pengwei Dong, Wenjiang Zhou, Nikolaos Sousos, Lauren Murphy, Matthew Clarke, Aude-Anais Olijnik, Zoë C. Wong, Christina Simoglou
Myeloproliferative neoplasms are stem cell–driven cancers associated with a large burden of morbidity and mortality. Most patients present with early-stage disease, but a substantial proportion progress to myelofibrosis or secondary leukemia, advanced cancers with a poor prognosis and high symptom burden. Currently, it remains difficult to predict progression, and therapies that reliably prevent or
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Decreased mitochondrial creatine kinase 2 impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial function independently of insulin in type 2 diabetes Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-09 David Rizo-Roca, Dimitrius Santiago P. S. F. Guimarães, Logan A. Pendergrast, Nicolas Di Leo, Alexander V. Chibalin, Salwan Maqdasy, Mikael Rydén, Erik Näslund, Juleen R. Zierath, Anna Krook
Increased plasma creatine concentrations are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes, but whether this alteration is associated with or causal for impairments in metabolism remains unexplored. Because skeletal muscle is the main disposal site of both creatine and glucose, we investigated the role of intramuscular creatine metabolism in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes
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LRRK2 regulates production of reactive oxygen species in cell and animal models of Parkinson’s disease Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-02 Matthew T. Keeney, Emily M. Rocha, Eric K. Hoffman, Kyle Farmer, Roberto Di Maio, Julie Weir, Weston G. Wagner, Xiaoping Hu, Courtney L. Clark, Sandra L. Castro, Abigail Scheirer, Marco Fazzari, Briana R. De Miranda, Sean A. Pintchovski, William D. Shrader, Patrick J. Pagano, Teresa G. Hastings, J. Timothy Greenamyre
Oxidative stress has long been implicated in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis, although the sources and regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production are poorly defined. Pathogenic mutations in the gene encoding leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are associated with increased kinase activity and a greater risk of PD. The substrates and downstream consequences of elevated LRRK2 kinase
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Dynamic structural remodeling of LINC01956 enhances temozolomide resistance in MGMT -methylated glioblastoma Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-02 Xinyi Liao, Shuxia Zhang, Xincheng Li, Wanying Qian, Man Li, Suwen Chen, Xingui Wu, Xuexin Yu, Ziwen Li, Miaoling Tang, Yingru Xu, Ruyuan Yu, Qiliang Zhang, Geyan Wu, Nu Zhang, Libing Song, Jun Li
The mechanisms underlying stimuli-induced dynamic structural remodeling of RNAs for the maintenance of cellular physiological function and survival remain unclear. Here, we showed that in MGMT promoter–methylated glioblastoma (GBM), the RNA helicase DEAD-box helicase 46 (DDX46) is phosphorylated by temozolomide (TMZ)–activated checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), resulting in a dense-to-loose conformational
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A microbiome-directed therapeutic food for children recovering from severe acute malnutrition Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-02 Steven J. Hartman, Matthew C. Hibberd, Ishita Mostafa, Nurun N. Naila, Md. Munirul Islam, Mahabub Uz Zaman, Sayeeda Huq, Mustafa Mahfuz, Md. Tazul Islam, Kallol Mukherji, Vaha Akbary Moghaddam, Robert Y. Chen, Michael A. Province, Daniel M. Webber, Suzanne Henrissat, Bernard Henrissat, Nicolas Terrapon, Dmitry A. Rodionov, Andrei L. Osterman, Michael J. Barratt, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jeffrey I. Gordon
Globally, severe acute malnutrition (SAM), defined as a weight-for-length z -score more than three SDs below a reference mean (WLZ < −3), affects 14 million children under 5 years of age. Complete anthropometric recovery after standard, short-term interventions is rare, with children often left with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM; WLZ −2 to −3). We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving
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Glucocorticoids induce a maladaptive epithelial stress response to aggravate acute kidney injury Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-02 Luping Zhou, Marc Torres Pereiro, Yanqun Li, Marcus Derigs, Carsten Kuenne, Thomas Hielscher, Wei Huang, Bettina Kränzlin, Gang Tian, Kazuhiro Kobayashi, Gia-Hue Natalie Lu, Kevin Roedl, Claudia Schmidt, Stefan Günther, Mario Looso, Johannes Huber, Yong Xu, Thorsten Wiech, Jan-Peter Sperhake, Dominic Wichmann, Hermann-Josef Gröne, Thomas Worzfeld
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and challenging clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality and represents a common complication in critically ill patients with COVID-19. In AKI, renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are a primary site of damage, and recovery from AKI depends on TEC plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation and maladaptation of
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A peptide encoded by upstream open reading frame of MYC binds to tropomyosin receptor kinase B and promotes glioblastoma growth in mice Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-10-02 Fanying Li, Kailin Yang, Xinya Gao, Maolei Zhang, Danling Gu, Xujia Wu, Chenfei Lu, Qiulian Wu, Deobrat Dixit, Ryan C. Gimple, Yongping You, Stephen C. Mack, Yu Shi, Tiebang Kang, Sameer A. Agnihotri, Michael D. Taylor, Jeremy N. Rich, Nu Zhang, Xiuxing Wang
MYC promotes tumor growth through multiple mechanisms. Here, we show that, in human glioblastomas, the variant MYC transcript encodes a 114–amino acid peptide, MYC pre-mRNA encoded protein (MPEP), from the upstream open reading frame (uORF) MPEP . Secreted MPEP promotes patient-derived xenograft tumor growth in vivo, independent of MYC through direct binding, and activation of tropomyosin receptor
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B cells drive neuropathic pain–related behaviors in mice through IgG–Fc gamma receptor signaling Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Michael J. Lacagnina, Kendal F. Willcox, Nabila Boukelmoune, Alexis Bavencoffe, Ishwarya Sankaranarayanan, Daniel T. Barratt, Younus A. Zuberi, Dorsa Dayani, Melissa V. Chavez, Jonathan T. Lu, Alex Bersellini Farinotti, Stephanie Shiers, Allison M. Barry, Juliet M. Mwirigi, Diana Tavares-Ferreira, Geoffrey A. Funk, Anna M. Cervantes, Camilla I. Svensson, Edgar T. Walters, Mark R. Hutchinson, Cobi J
Neuroimmune interactions are essential for the development of neuropathic pain, yet the contributions of distinct immune cell populations have not been fully unraveled. Here, we demonstrate the critical role of B cells in promoting mechanical hypersensitivity (allodynia) after peripheral nerve injury in male and female mice. Depletion of B cells with a single injection of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody
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Reduction of prolonged excitatory neuron swelling after spinal cord injury improves locomotor recovery in mice Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Qiang Li, Alfredo Sandoval, John Moth, Junkui Shang, Jia Yi Liew, Tiffany Dunn, Zhiyun Yang, Junfeng Su, Melissa Henwood, Philip Williams, Bo Chen
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in acute damage and triggers secondary injury responses with sustained neuronal loss and dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms for these delayed neuronal pathologies are not entirely understood. SCI results in the swelling of spinal neurons, but the contribution of cell swelling to neuronal loss and functional deficits after SCI has not been systematically
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Neutrophil extracellular traps protect the kidney from ascending infection and are required for a positive leukocyte dipstick test Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Andrew P. Stewart, Kevin W. Loudon, Matthew Routledge, Colin Y. C. Lee, Patrick Trotter, Nathan Richoz, Eleanor Gillman, Robin Antrobus, James Mccaffrey, David Posner, Andrew Conway Morris, Fiona E. Karet Frankl, Menna R. Clatworthy
Lower urinary tract infection (UTI) is common but only rarely complicated by pyelonephritis. However, the mechanisms preventing extension to the kidney are unclear. Here, we identified neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in healthy human urine that provide an antibacterial defense strategy within the urinary tract. In both in vivo murine models of UTI where uropathogenic E. coli are inoculated into
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Clinical, mechanistic, and therapeutic landscape of cutaneous fibrosis Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Dayan J. Li, Charlotte E. Berry, Derrick C. Wan, Michael T. Longaker
When dysregulated, skin fibrosis can lead to a multitude of pathologies. We provide a framework for understanding the wide clinical spectrum, mechanisms, and management of cutaneous fibrosis encompassing a variety of matrix disorders, fibrohistiocytic neoplasms, injury-induced scarring, and autoimmune scleroses. Underlying such entities are common mechanistic pathways that leverage morphogenic signaling
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Spermidine metabolism regulates leukemia stem and progenitor cell function through KAT7 expression in patient-derived mouse models Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Vincent Rondeau, Jacob M. Berman, Tianyi Ling, Cristiana O’Brien, Rachel Culp-Hill, Julie A. Reisz, Mark Wunderlich, Yun Chueh, Karina E. Jiménez-Camacho, Christina Sexton, Katharine M. Carter, Cody Stillwell, Jonathan St-Germain, Duhan Yendi, Aarushi Gupta, Mary Shi, Aleksandra Bourdine, Vikram R. Paralkar, Soheil Jahangiri, Kristin J. Hope, Anastasia N. Tikhonova, Andrea Arruda, Mark D. Minden, Brian
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating disease initiated and maintained by a rare subset of cells called leukemia stem cells (LSCs). LSCs are responsible for driving disease relapse, making the development of new therapeutic strategies to target LSCs urgently needed. The use of mass spectrometry–based metabolomics profiling has enabled the discovery of unique and targetable metabolic properties
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Inhibition of heme-thiolate monooxygenase CYP1B1 prevents hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis by accumulating trehalose Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Hung-Chun Tung, Jong-Won Kim, Junjie Zhu, Sihan Li, Jiong Yan, Qing Liu, Imhoi Koo, Sergei A. Koshkin, Fuhua Hao, Guo Zhong, Meishu Xu, Zehua Wang, Jingyuan Wang, Yixian Huang, Yue Xi, Xinran Cai, Pengfei Xu, Songrong Ren, Takanobu Higashiyama, Frank J. Gonzalez, Song Li, Nina Isoherranen, Da Yang, Xiaochao Ma, Andrew D. Patterson, Wen Xie
Activation of extracellular matrix–producing hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a key event in liver fibrogenesis. We showed that the expression of the heme-thiolate monooxygenase cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) was elevated in human and mouse fibrotic livers and activated HSCs. Systemic or HSC-specific ablation and pharmacological inhibition of CYP1B1 attenuated HSC activation and protected male but not
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Preschool-age children maintain a distinct memory CD4 + T cell and memory B cell response after SARS-CoV-2 infection Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Benoît Manfroi, Bui Thi Cuc, Aurélien Sokal, Alexis Vandenberghe, Sarah Temmam, Mikaël Attia, Mohamed El Behi, Francesco Camaglia, Ngan Thu Nguyen, Jelka Pohar, Layale Salem-Wehbe, Valentine Pottez-Jouatte, Sibyline Borzakian, Narcisse Elenga, Caroline Galeotti, Guillaume Morelle, Camille de truchis de Lays, Michaela Semeraro, Anne-Sophie Romain, Mélodie Aubart, Naim Ouldali, Florence Mahuteau-Betzer
The development of the human immune system lasts for several years after birth. The impact of this maturation phase on the quality of adaptive immunity and the acquisition of immunological memory after infection at a young age remains incompletely defined. Here, using an antigen-reactive T cell (ARTE) assay and multidimensional flow cytometry, we profiled circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome
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Perfusion imaging metrics after acute traumatic spinal cord injury are associated with injury severity in rats and humans Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Zin Z. Khaing, Jannik Leyendecker, Jennifer N. Harmon, Sananthan Sivakanthan, Lindsay N. Cates, Jeffrey E. Hyde, Melissa Krueger, Robb W. Glenny, Matthew Bruce, Christoph P. Hofstetter
Traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) causes an immediate loss of neurological function, and the prediction of recovery is difficult in the acute phase. In this study, we used contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging to quantify intraspinal vascular disruption acutely after tSCI. In a rodent thoracic tSCI model, contrast-enhanced ultrasound revealed a perfusion area deficit that was positively correlated
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Intratumoral radiation dose heterogeneity augments antitumor immunity in mice and primes responses to checkpoint blockade Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Justin C. Jagodinsky, Jessica M. Vera, Won Jong Jin, Amanda G. Shea, Paul A. Clark, Raghava N. Sriramaneni, Thomas C. Havighurst, Ishan Chakravarthy, Raad H. Allawi, KyungMann Kim, Paul M. Harari, Paul M. Sondel, Michael A. Newton, Marka R. Crittenden, Michael J. Gough, Jessica R. Miller, Irene M. Ong, Zachary S. Morris
Radiation therapy (RT) activates multiple immunologic effects in the tumor microenvironment (TME), with diverse dose-response relationships observed. We hypothesized that, in contrast with homogeneous RT, a heterogeneous RT dose would simultaneously optimize activation of multiple immunogenic effects in a single TME, resulting in a more effective antitumor immune response. Using high-dose-rate brachytherapy
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A deep intronic splice–altering AIRE variant causes APECED syndrome through antisense oligonucleotide-targetable pseudoexon inclusion Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Sebastian Ochoa, Amy P. Hsu, Andrew J. Oler, Dhaneshwar Kumar, Daniel Chauss, Jan Piet van Hamburg, Gustaaf G. van Laar, Vasileios Oikonomou, Sundar Ganesan, Elise M. N. Ferré, Monica M. Schmitt, Tom DiMaggio, Princess Barber, Gregory M. Constantine, Lindsey B. Rosen, Paul G. Auwaerter, Bhumika Gandhi, Jennifer L. Miller, Rachel Eisenberg, Arye Rubinstein, Edith Schussler, Erjola Balliu, Vandana Shashi
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a life-threatening monogenic autoimmune disorder primarily caused by biallelic deleterious variants in the autoimmune regulator ( AIRE ) gene. We prospectively evaluated 104 patients with clinically diagnosed APECED syndrome and identified 17 patients (16%) from 14 kindreds lacking biallelic AIRE variants in exons or flanking
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Deep humoral profiling coupled to interpretable machine learning unveils diagnostic markers and pathophysiology of schistosomiasis Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Anushka Saha, Trirupa Chakraborty, Javad Rahimikollu, Hanxi Xiao, Lorena B. Pereira de Oliveira, Timothy W. Hand, Sukwan Handali, W. Evan Secor, Lucia A. O. Fraga, Jessica K. Fairley, Jishnu Das, Aniruddh Sarkar
Schistosomiasis, a highly prevalent parasitic disease, affects more than 200 million people worldwide. Current diagnostics based on parasite egg detection in stool detect infection only at a late stage, and current antibody-based tests cannot distinguish past from current infection. Here, we developed and used a multiplexed antibody profiling platform to obtain a comprehensive repertoire of antihelminth
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ARGX-119 is an agonist antibody for human MuSK that reverses disease relapse in a mouse model of congenital myasthenic syndrome Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Roeland Vanhauwaert, Julien Oury, Bernhardt Vankerckhoven, Christophe Steyaert, Stine Marie Jensen, Dana L. E. Vergoossen, Christa Kneip, Leah Santana, Jamie L. Lim, Jaap J. Plomp, Roy Augustinus, Shohei Koide, Christophe Blanchetot, Peter Ulrichts, Maartje G. Huijbers, Karen Silence, Steven J. Burden
Muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) is essential for the formation, function, and preservation of neuromuscular synapses. Activation of MuSK by a MuSK agonist antibody may stabilize or improve the function of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in patients with disorders of the NMJ, such as congenital myasthenia (CM). Here, we generated and characterized ARGX-119, a first-in-class humanized agonist monoclonal
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Rocuronium-specific antibodies drive perioperative anaphylaxis but can also function as reversal agents in preclinical models. Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Alice Dejoux,Qianqian Zhu,Christelle Ganneau,Odile Richard-Le Goff,Ophélie Godon,Julien Lemaitre,Francis Relouzat,François Huetz,Aurélien Sokal,Alexis Vandenberghe,Cyprien Pecalvel,Lise Hunault,Thomas Derenne,Caitlin M Gillis,Bruno Iannascoli,Yidan Wang,Thierry Rose,Christel Mertens,Pascale Nicaise-Roland,,Patrick England,Matthieu Mahévas,Luc de Chaisemartin,Roger Le Grand,Hélène Letscher,Frederick
Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) relax skeletal muscles to facilitate surgeries and ease intubation but can lead to adverse reactions, including complications because of postoperative residual neuromuscular blockade (rNMB) and, in rare cases, anaphylaxis. Both adverse reactions vary between types of NMBAs, with rocuronium, a widely used nondepolarizing NMBA, inducing one of the longest rNMB durations
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A spatially resolved single-cell lung atlas integrated with clinical and blood signatures distinguishes COVID-19 disease trajectories Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 João Da Silva Filho, Vanessa Herder, Matthew P. Gibbins, Monique Freire dos Reis, Gisely Cardoso Melo, Michael J. Haley, Carla Cristina Judice, Fernando Fonseca Almeida Val, Mayla Borba, Tatyana Almeida Tavella, Vanderson de Sousa Sampaio, Charalampos Attipa, Fiona McMonagle, Derek Wright, Marcus Vinicius Guimaraes de Lacerda, Fabio Trindade Maranhão Costa, Kevin N. Couper, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
COVID-19 is characterized by a broad range of symptoms and disease trajectories. Understanding the correlation between clinical biomarkers and lung pathology during acute COVID-19 is necessary to understand its diverse pathogenesis and inform more effective treatments. Here, we present an integrated analysis of longitudinal clinical parameters, peripheral blood markers, and lung pathology in 142 Brazilian
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BATF is a major driver of NK cell epigenetic reprogramming and dysfunction in AML Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Bijender Kumar, Anand Singh, Rafet Basar, Nadima Uprety, Ye Li, Huihui Fan, Ana Karen Nunez Cortes, Mecit Kaplan, Sunil Acharya, Hila Shaim, Anna C Xu, Manrong Wu, Emily Ensley, Dexing Fang, Pinaki P. Banerjee, Luciana Melo Garcia, Silvia Tiberti, Paul Lin, Hind Rafei, Maliha Nuzhat Munir, Madison Moore, Mayra Shanley, Mayela Mendt, Lucila N. Kerbauy, Bin Liu, Alexander Biederstädt, Elif Gokdemir,
Myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) belong to a continuous disease spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis in the relapsed/refractory setting necessitating novel therapies. Natural killer (NK) cells from patients with myeloid malignancies display global dysfunction with impaired killing capacity, altered metabolism, and an exhausted phenotype at the single-cell transcriptomic
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HIF-2α drives hepatic Kupffer cell death and proinflammatory recruited macrophage activation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Ishtiaq Jeelani, Jae-Su Moon, Flavia Franco da Cunha, Chanond A. Nasamran, Seokhyun Jeon, Xinhang Zhang, Gautam K. Bandyopadhyay, Katarzyna Dobaczewska, Zbigniew Mikulski, Mojgan Hosseini, Xiao Liu, Tatiana Kisseleva, David A. Brenner, Seema Singh, Rohit Loomba, Minkyu Kim, Yun Sok Lee
Proinflammatory hepatic macrophage activation plays a key role in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). This involves increased embryonic hepatic Kupffer cell (KC) death, facilitating the replacement of KCs with bone marrow–derived recruited hepatic macrophages (RHMs) that highly express proinflammatory genes. Moreover, phago/efferocytic activity of KCs is diminished in NASH, enhancing
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Targeted partial reprogramming of age-associated cell states improves markers of health in mouse models of aging Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Sanjeeb Kumar Sahu, Pradeep Reddy, Jinlong Lu, Yanjiao Shao, Chao Wang, Mako Tsuji, Estrella Nuñez Delicado, Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
Aging is a complex multifactorial process associated with epigenome dysregulation, increased cellular senescence, and decreased rejuvenation capacity. Short-term cyclic expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 ( Oct4 ), sex-determining region Y-box 2 ( Sox2 ), Kruppel-like factor 4 ( Klf4 ), and cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene ( cMyc ) ( OSKM ) in wild-type mice improves health but fails
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A skin-interfaced microfluidic platform supports dynamic sweat biochemical analysis during human exercise Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Soongwon Cho, Samy M. Shaban, Ruihao Song, Haohui Zhang, Dasom Yang, Min-Jae Kim, Yirui Xiong, Xiuyuan Li, Kenneth Madsen, Sarena Wapnick, Shifan Zhang, Ziyu Chen, Jiwon Kim, Gianna Guinto, Michelle Li, Minkyu Lee, Ravi F. Nuxoll, Shaghayegh Shajari, Jin Wang, Seongeun Son, Jihoon Shin, Alexander J. Aranyosi, Donald E. Wright, Tae-il Kim, Roozbeh Ghaffari, Yonggang Huang, Dong-Hwan Kim, John A. Rogers
Blood lactate concentration is an established circulating biomarker for measuring muscle acidity and can be evaluated for monitoring endurance, training routines, or athletic performance. Sweat is an alternative biofluid that may serve similar purposes and offers the advantage of noninvasive collection and continuous monitoring. The relationship between blood lactate and dynamic sweat biochemistry
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Precision adjuvants for pediatric vaccines Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Anjali Singh, César Boggiano, Dwight E. Yin, Laura Polakowski, Sai P. Majji, Wolfgang W. Leitner, Ofer Levy, Kristina De Paris
Elucidating optimal vaccine adjuvants for harnessing age-specific immune pathways to enhance magnitude, breadth, and durability of immunogenicity remains a key gap area in pediatric vaccine design. A better understanding of age-specific adjuvants will inform precision discovery and development of safe and effective vaccines for protecting children from preventable infectious diseases.
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PTPRT loss enhances anti–PD-1 therapy efficacy by regulation of STING pathway in non–small cell lung cancer Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Zhuo Chen, Wenxiang Ji, Wenxin Feng, Jingchuan Cui, Yuchen Wang, Fan Li, Jiachen Chen, Ziheng Guo, Liliang Xia, Xiaokuan Zhu, Xiaomin Niu, Yanshuang Zhang, Ziming Li, Alice S. T. Wong, Shun Lu, Weiliang Xia
With the revolutionary progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in non–small cell lung cancer, identifying patients with cancer who would benefit from ICIs has become critical and urgent. Here, we report protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type T (PTPRT) loss as a precise and convenient predictive marker independent of PD-L1 expression for anti–PD-1/PD-L1 axis therapy. Anti–PD-1/PD-L1 axis
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Adaptive cognitive control circuit changes associated with problem-solving ability and depression symptom outcomes over 24 months Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Xue Zhang, Adam Pines, Patrick Stetz, Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski, Lan Xiao, Nan Lv, Leonardo Tozzi, Philip W. Lavori, Mark B. Snowden, Elizabeth M. Venditti, Joshua M. Smyth, Trisha Suppes, Olusola Ajilore, Jun Ma, Leanne M. Williams
Mechanistically targeted behavioral interventions are a much-needed strategy for improving outcomes in depression, especially for vulnerable populations with comorbidities such as obesity. Such interventions may change behavior and outcome by changing underlying neural circuit function. However, it is unknown how these circuit-level modifications unfold over intervention and how individual differences
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Inhibition of CCL7 improves endothelial dysfunction and vasculopathy in mouse models of diabetes mellitus Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Ting-Ting Chang, You-Zhen Li, Hsiao-Wei Mo, Ching Chen, Liang-Yu Lin, Chia-Chi Chang, Jaw-Wen Chen
Diabetic vascular disease is a major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Chemokine C-C motif ligand 7 (CCL7) attracts macrophages and monocytes, amplifying inflammatory processes in the vasculature. We hypothesized a causal role for CCL7 in diabetic vasculopathy. CCL7 concentrations were higher in the plasma of patients with type 2 DM, as well as in supernatants from their endothelial progenitor
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Nanoparticle delivery of innate immune agonists combined with senescence-inducing agents promotes T cell control of pancreatic cancer Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Loretah Chibaya, Kelly D. DeMarco, Christina F. Lusi, Griffin I. Kane, Meghan L. Brassil, Chaitanya N. Parikh, Katherine C. Murphy, Shreya R. Chowdhury, Junhui Li, Boyang Ma, Tiana E. Naylor, Julia Cerrutti, Haruka Mori, Miranda Diaz-Infante, Jessica Peura, Jason R. Pitarresi, Lihua Julie Zhu, Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Prabhani U. Atukorale, Marcus Ruscetti
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has quickly risen to become the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. This is in part because of its fibrotic tumor microenvironment (TME) that contributes to poor vascularization and immune infiltration and subsequent chemo- and immunotherapy failure. Here, we investigated an immunotherapy approach combining delivery of stimulator
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Activation and antitumor immunity of CD8 + T cells are supported by the glucose transporter GLUT10 and disrupted by lactic acid Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Ying Liu, Feng Wang, Dongxue Peng, Dan Zhang, Luping Liu, Jun Wei, Jian Yuan, Luyao Zhao, Huimin Jiang, Tingting Zhang, Yunxuan Li, Chenxi Zhao, Shuhua He, Jie Wu, Yechao Yan, Peitao Zhang, Chunyi Guo, Jiaming Zhang, Xia Li, Huan Gao, Ke Li
CD8 + T cell activation leads to the rapid proliferation and differentiation of effector T cells (T effs ), which mediate antitumor immunity. Although aerobic glycolysis is preferentially activated in CD8 + T effs , the mechanisms that regulate CD8 + T cell glucose uptake in the low-glucose and acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the abundance of the glucose
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An autoimmune transcriptional circuit drives FOXP3 + regulatory T cell dysfunction Sci. Transl. Med. (IF 15.8) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Tomokazu S. Sumida, Matthew R. Lincoln, Liang He, Yongjin Park, Mineto Ota, Akiko Oguchi, Raku Son, Alice Yi, Helen A. Stillwell, Greta A. Leissa, Keishi Fujio, Yasuhiro Murakawa, Alexander M. Kulminski, Charles B. Epstein, Bradley E. Bernstein, Manolis Kellis, David A. Hafler
Autoimmune diseases, among the most common disorders of young adults, are mediated by genetic and environmental factors. Although CD4 + FOXP3 + regulatory T cells (T regs ) play a central role in preventing autoimmunity, the molecular mechanism underlying their dysfunction is unknown. Here, we performed comprehensive transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling of T regs in the autoimmune disease multiple