To assess safety of fertility treatments in women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

STUDY QUESTION Is there an association between the somatic loss of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) and ARID1A (AT-rich interaction domain 1A) and endometriosis disease severity and worse clinical outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Somatic PTEN loss in endometriosis epithelium was associated with greater disease burden and subsequent surgical complexity. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Somatic cancer-driver mutations

KEY RECOMMENDATIONS Consider sepsis as a possible diagnosis in all women during pregnancy, and in the intrapartum and postpartum period, with a suspected infection and whose clinical condition rapidly deteriorates. [Good Practice Point (GPP)] If sepsis is suspected in the community, urgent escalation and referral to hospital is indicated. [GPP] Monitoring of a woman with suspected sepsis should be

Haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a rare condition that causes a baby to develop anaemia while growing inside the woman; or after birth. Left untreated, this may lead to stillbirth or neonatal death.

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) pre‐treatment on the clinical outcomes of fresh and frozen embryo transfers (ETs and FETs, respectively) in infertile patients with adenomyosis.DesignRetrospective cohort study with literature review.SettingPeking University First Hospital.PopulationWe analysed 413 cycles of 369 women with adenomyosis who underwent

ObjectiveTo investigate whether serum progesterone (P4) levels on embryo transfer (ET) day correlate with the likelihood of live birth in artificial frozen–thawed transfer cycles using intramuscular progesterone.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUniversity‐affiliated hospital.PopulationPatients undergoing single euploid blastocyst transfer after preimplantation genetic testing.MethodsLive birth

BackgroundWomen who are pregnant are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which persists for up to 3 months following childbirth. Diabetes is known to increase the risk of serious cardiovascular outcomes.ObjectiveTo comprehensively review literature on the extent to which pre‐existing or gestational diabetes influences the risk of VTE in both pregnancy and postpartum.Search StrategyWe

BACKGROUND Early-onset fetal growth restriction as consequence of placental insufficiency frequently requires iatrogenic, preterm birth. Administration of antenatal corticosteroids reduces risks of neonatal morbidity and mortality following preterm birth and is most beneficial if the neonate is delivered within two weeks following treatment. International guidelines on fetal growth restriction pregnancies

BACKGROUND Vaginal lubricants are commonly used during sexual activity and clinical procedures such as transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS). Epidemiologic and laboratory studies indicate hyperosmolal water-based lubricants may disrupt the vaginal microbiota, particularly the beneficial Lactobacillus spp. These bacteria play a critical role in protecting against sexually transmitted infection acquisition

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic profiling of maternal blood can be used for first-trimester prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective study of 20,000 women attending for routine pregnancy care at 11-13 weeks' gestation. Metabolic profiles were assessed using a high-throughput NMR metabolomics platform.

STUDY QUESTION To what extent is male physical activity (PA) associated with fecundability (per-cycle probability of conception)? SUMMARY ANSWER Preconception levels of vigorous, moderate, or total PA were not consistently associated with fecundability across Danish and North American cohorts, but there was suggestive evidence that bicycling with a ‘soft, comfort seat’ was associated with reduced fecundability

ObjectiveTo investigate the benefit of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT‐A) in recurrent implantation failure (RIF).DesignSecondary analysis of a multicentre, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial.SettingEight academic fertility centres in China, 2018–2020.PopulationOverall, 485 infertile women aged < 38 years were evaluated. They had a history of two or more

Stillbirths are one of the world's most neglected tragedies. The estimated 1.9 million babies that are stillborn after 28 completed weeks of pregnancy in 2021 underestimates the overall burden of all fetal deaths from 22 weeks onward [1]. Each death has an important impact on affected women, families and healthcare workers [2]. Yet, despite this, until very recently, national governments, UN organisations

Noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) is a long-established and widely used methodology to screen pregnancies for the most common prenatal chromosomal aneuploidies. Since 2017, positive result reports have typically included a positive predictive value (PPV) to assist informed clinical decision making. PPV is calculated based on an assay's sensitivity and specificity for a particular condition, and

STUDY QUESTION What is the cost per live birth after live donor uterus transplantation in a Swedish clinical trial setting? SUMMARY ANSWER The total cost per child, from a health care perspective, was calculated to be €124 894 and if only surgically successful transplants are considered, the total cost per live birth was €107 120. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Uterus transplantation has proved to be a feasible

Large-scale catastrophic events, either natural or human-influenced, highlight the requisite for emergency plans that specifically address the needs of obstetric and gynecologic patients. Pregnant, postpartum, and lactating individuals and their newborns and infants can be adversely affected by disasters and disaster-related environmental conditions. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other health care

Diagnostic testing and treatment for infertility should be available to everyone in need of these services. The disparities in rates of infertility and the barriers to accessing assisted reproductive technology services should be understood through and addressed within a reproductive justice framework. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other health care professionals should identify specific populations

BACKGROUND Varicocele is an abnormal dilation and torsion of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum due to venous reflux, primarily affecting the left side. It affects 15% of men and is a prevalent contributor to male infertility. Varicocele is a complex disorder influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications, which regulate genome activity independently

BACKGROUND Successful implantation is a critical step for embryo survival. The major losses in natural and assisted human reproduction appeared to occur during the peri-implantation period. Because of ethical constraints, the fascinating maternal–fetal crosstalk during human implantation is difficult to study and thus, the possibility for clinical intervention is still limited. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE

STUDY QUESTION Does adjuvant growth hormone (GH) therapy in GnRH antagonist cycles improve reproductive outcomes in the general IVF population? SUMMARY ANSWER Empiric adjuvant GH therapy in GnRH antagonist cycles does not improve IVF stimulation results or reproductive outcomes, including implantation, miscarriage, and clinical pregnancy rates. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Previous evidence regarding the

STUDY QUESTION Do the infertility core outcome set and standardized definitions affect the outcome selection for randomized controlled trials, and what aspects should be further improved in the future? SUMMARY ANSWER Intrauterine pregnancy demonstrated the highest uptake level, whereas others were low, especially in neonatal outcomes; as time progresses, the target sample size increases, and with prospective

OBJECTIVE To study the perinatal outcomes of children born from different conception methods: in vitro fertilization (IVF) with autologous oocytes or IVF with donor egg versus those conceived without medical assistance by using a sibling analysis. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study conducted using electronic medical record data from 2000 through 2018, of a national healthcare organization. SUBJECTS

STUDY QUESTION What is the governmental fiscal impact of a new assisted reproduction subsidy scheme based on projected lifetime net taxes attributed to resulting live births in Taiwan? SUMMARY ANSWER We estimate that the new fertility reimbursement scheme has generated favorable lifetime fiscal gains for the Taiwanese government, resulting in a return on investment (ROI) of NT$5.6 for every NT$1.0

BACKGROUND Obesity is a risk factor for stillbirth and perinatal death and is often accompanied by chronic hypertension; however, there are few studies on the relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational age (GA)-specific rates of stillbirth and perinatal death in women with chronic hypertension. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI

OBJECTIVE To evaluate in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles covered by health insurance using a national commercial claims database and to validate key clinical events against national IVF registries. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study SUBJECTS: US women aged 20-44 who underwent IVF from 2005 to 2020 in Optum's de-identified Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (CDM). EXPOSURE Undergoing IVF MAIN OUTCOME

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between area poverty and adverse birth outcomes in the diverse birthing population of a large health system. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study using electronic health record and hospital administrative data for pregnant people at nine hospitals within a large health system in the Chicago metropolitan area from 2018 to 2023. Patient addresses were geocoded

OBJECTIVE To assess the content validity of the classification of maternal level of care of the American Hospital Association Database for research use. METHODS This was a secondary data analysis where we classified the maternal level of care in the 2018 American Hospital Association Database and linked this to birth hospitalizations from five states in the 2016 and 2017 State Inpatient Databases:

OBJECTIVE To investigate differences in health care utilization between immediate (within 10 minutes of placental delivery) and delayed (after 24 hours) intrauterine device (IUD) placement. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted with data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California from 2017 to 2019 and included patients with an IUD placed between 0 and 63 days postpartum. The primary

We examined the association between blood pressure (BP) in the early third trimester and hypertension 10-14 years after delivery per American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association recommendations. We conducted a secondary analysis using the prospective HAPO FUS (Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Follow-up Study) in patients without a chronic hypertension diagnosis. The exposure

As the prevalence of obesity increases worldwide, and lifestyle modification or pharmaceutical treatment yields insufficient results for patients with severe obesity, an increasing number of patients opt for metabolic bariatric surgery as an effective and durable treatment of this disease. Seeing as 80% of these patients are women, many of whom are of reproductive age, pregnancies after metabolic bariatric

ObjectiveTo study experiences of women who gave birth in maternity units that have implemented a ‘care bundle’ quality improvement initiative to reduce obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) and associated morbidity.DesignPostnatal electronic questionnaire.SettingTwenty‐nine maternity units across England, Scotland and Wales.PopulationWomen with live vaginal births.MethodsDescriptive statistics for

BackgroundPreeclampsia is a common condition associated with significant maternal and foetal complications. The diagnosis of preeclampsia is based on clinical criteria, with recent introduction of angiogenic markers as an aid to clinical triage. Several biomarkers are now available in a point‐of‐care test format, which provide swift results to support clinical decision‐making.ObjectivesTo determine

OBJECTIVE To study genital response and sexual arousal in women with and without PCOS and to assess associations with sex steroid levels. DESIGN This observational prospective case control study was conducted from March 2017 until March 2020. SUBJECTS Heterosexual women with (n=68) and without PCOS (n=67), aged 18-40 years, in a steady relationship and without any comorbidities. EXPOSURE All participants

OBJECTIVE To investigate if blastocysts originating from different follicular cohorts have variable implantation rates, adjusted for oocyte age, morphology and/or ploidy DESIGN: Retrospective cohort SETTING: Academic center SUBJECTS: Patients who underwent one or more cycles of autologous ovarian stimulation and in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection, followed by elective single frozen

OBJECTIVE We examined if thyroid autoimmunity is relevant to the relationship between maternal TSH levels and pregnancy outcomes. DESIGN Retrospective cohort analysis of data from two randomized controlled trials (RCTs). SUBJECTS Participants of the Pregnancy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PPCOS II, n = 746) and the Assessment of Multiple Intrauterine Gestations from Ovarian Stimulation (AMIGOS, n =

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether perinatal and infant outcomes differ between singleton births following assisted reproductive technology (ART) in women with endometriosis alone and those with other causes of infertility. DESIGN Population-based data linkage cohort study. SUBJECTS A total of 29,152 ART-conceived singleton births from 24,116 mothers, 2010-2017, New South Wales, Australia. EXPOSURE Endometriosis

IMPORTANCE During FET cycles in IVF/ICSI patients (including PGT patients), transfer of embryos that have been thawed may be abandoned for medical or personal reasons, resulting in the need to refreeze embryos. Typically, embryos from patients undergoing preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) are cryopreserved after biopsy, pending test results. However, in the absence of a clear result, another biopsy

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) benefits women of advanced reproductive age (≥38 years old) with a diminished ovarian reserve (DOR; not more than three retrieved oocytes). DESIGN A retrospective analysis comparing two groups: (a) PGT-A group: women who chose PGT-A and subsequent single re-warmed embryo transfers (ETs) and (b) non-PGT-A group: women

OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of oral contraceptive (OC) induced mood lability/depression on treatment maintenance in women with endometriosis. DESIGN Women with endometriosis were retrospectively identified through International Classification of Diseases-10 codes and then a comprehensive electronic medical record review was conducted, identifying mood lability/depression as a reason for treatment

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to standardize and automate important aspects of fertility treatment, improving clinical outcomes. One promising application of AI in the fertility clinic is the use of machine learning (ML) tools to assess embryos for transfer. The successful clinical implementation of these tools in ways that do not erode consumer trust requires an awareness of the ethical

STUDY QUESTION Is there an increased risk of reproductive or colon cancer in women with Turner syndrome and their family members? SUMMARY ANSWER Our data suggest that there is an increased risk for sigmoid colon cancer in women with Turner syndrome and an increased prostate cancer risk in second- and third-degree male relatives. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Turner syndrome has been associated with lower risk

STUDY QUESTION What role do sphingolipids have in mediating human sperm capacitation? SUMMARY ANSWER Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) mediates the acquisition of fertilizing competency in human spermatozoa by engaging with its Gi-coupled receptor S1PR1 and promoting production of reactive oxygen species such as nitric oxide and superoxide anion. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Bioactive sphingolipids, such as S1P

STUDY QUESTION What is the predictive value of oligomenorrhea and other PCOS diagnostic characteristics in adolescence (age 15–18 years) for future fertility and cardiovascular and metabolic health at adult age? SUMMARY ANSWER Adolescents with oligomenorrhea are more often treated to conceive but are as likely to have as much children as those with regular periods, while persisting oligomenorrhea may