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Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Kevin Hilbert, Ole Jonas Boeken, Till Langhammer, Nynke A. Groenewold, Janna Marie Bas-Hoogendam, Moji Aghajani, André Zugman, Fredrik Åhs, Volker Arolt, Katja Beesdo-Baum, Johannes Björkstrand, Jennifer U. Blackford, Laura Blanco-Hinojo, Joscha Böhnlein, Robin Bülow, Marta Cano, Narcis Cardoner, Xavier Caseras, Udo Dannlowski, Katharina Domschke, Lydia Fehm, Brandee Feola, Mats Fredrikson, Liesbet
Objective: Specific phobia is a common anxiety disorder, but the literature on associated brain structure alterations exhibits substantial gaps. The ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group examined brain structure differences between individuals with specific phobias and healthy control subjects as well as between the animal and blood-injection-injury (BII) subtypes of specific phobia. Additionally, the authors
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Association of Occupational Dysfunction and Hospital Admissions With Different Polygenic Profiles in Bipolar Disorder Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Lina Jonsson, Elin Hörbeck, Amedeo Primerano, Jie Song, Robert Karlsson, Erik Smedler, Katherine Gordon-Smith, Lisa Jones, Nicholas Craddock, Ian Jones, Patrick F. Sullivan, Erik Pålsson, Arianna Di Florio, Timea Sparding, Mikael Landén
Objective: Many but not all persons with bipolar disorder require hospital care because of severe mood episodes. Likewise, some but not all patients experience long-term occupational dysfunction that extends beyond acute mood episodes. It is not known whether these dissimilar outcomes of bipolar disorder are driven by different polygenic profiles. Here, polygenic scores (PGSs) for major psychiatric
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Testing Quantitative and Qualitative Sex Effects in a National Swedish Twin-Sibling Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Ananda B. Amstadter, Sara L. Lönn, Shannon Cusack, Jan Sundquist, Kenneth S. Kendler, Kristina Sundquist
Objective: Twin studies have demonstrated that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is moderately heritable, and the pattern of findings across studies suggests higher heritability in females compared with males. Formal testing of sex differences has yet to be done in twin studies of PTSD. The authors sought to estimate the genetic and environmental contributions to PTSD, and to formally test for sex
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National Trends in Emergency Department Visits for Suicide Attempts and Intentional Self-Harm Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Tanner J. Bommersbach, Mark Olfson, Taeho Greg Rhee
Objective: This study estimated national annual trends and characteristics of emergency department visits for suicide attempts and intentional self-harm in the United States from 2011 to 2020. Methods: Data were from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, an annual cross-sectional national sample survey of emergency departments. Visits for suicide attempts and intentional self-harm were
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The Genesis of Schizophrenia: An Origin Story Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Rebecca Birnbaum, Daniel R. Weinberger
Schizophrenia is routinely referred to as a neurodevelopmental disorder, but the role of brain development in a disorder typically diagnosed during early adult life is enigmatic. The authors revisit the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia with genomic insights from the most recent schizophrenia clinical genetic association studies, transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses from human postmortem
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Long-Term Course of Remission and Recovery in Psychotic Disorders Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Sara Tramazzo, Wenxuan Lian, Olesya Ajnakina, Gabrielle Carlson, Evelyn Bromet, Roman Kotov, Katherine Jonas
Objective: Understanding prognosis is critical to anticipating public health needs and providing care to individuals with psychotic disorders. However, the long-term course of remission and recovery remains unclear. In this study, the most common trajectories of illness course are described for a cohort of individuals followed for 25 years since first admission for psychosis. Methods: Participants
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Treatment-Resistant Depression: Shared Biology With Metabolic Traits Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 JooEun Kang, Victor M. Castro, Michael Ripperger, Sanan Venkatesh, David Burstein, Richard Karlsson Linnér, Daniel B. Rocha, Yirui Hu, Drew Wilimitis, Theodore Morley, Lide Han, Rachel Youngjung Kim, Yen-Chen Anne Feng, Tian Ge, Stephan Heckers, Georgios Voloudakis, Christopher Chabris, Panos Roussos, Thomas H McCoy, Colin G. Walsh, Roy H. Perlis, Douglas M. Ruderfer
Objective: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) occurs in roughly one-third of all individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). Although research has suggested a significant common variant genetic component of liability to TRD, with heritability estimated at 8% when compared with non-treatment-resistant MDD, no replicated genetic loci have been identified, and the genetic architecture of TRD remains
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Associations Between a Primary Care-Delivered Alcohol-Related Brief Intervention and Subsequent Opioid-Related Outcomes Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Dan V. Blalock, Sophia A. Berlin, Theodore Berkowitz, Valerie A. Smith, Charles Wright, Rachel L. Bachrach, Janet M. Grubber
Objective: The co-occurrence of unhealthy alcohol use and opioid misuse is high and associated with increased rates of overdose, emergency health care utilization, and death. The current study examined whether receipt of an alcohol-related brief intervention is associated with reduced risk of negative downstream opioid-related outcomes. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all VISN-6 Veterans
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Predictors of Substance Use Initiation by Early Adolescence Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 ReJoyce Green, Bethany J. Wolf, Andrew Chen, Anna E. Kirkland, Pamela L. Ferguson, Brittney D. Browning, Brittany E. Bryant, Rachel L. Tomko, Kevin M. Gray, Louise Mewton, Lindsay M. Squeglia
Objective: Substance use initiation during early adolescence is associated with later development of substance use and mental health disorders. This study used various domains to predict substance use initiation, defined as trying any nonprescribed substance (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, cannabis), by age 12, using a large longitudinal data set. Methods: Substance-naive youths from the Adolescent Brain
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Neural Correlates of Stress and Alcohol Cue-Induced Alcohol Craving and of Future Heavy Drinking: Evidence of Sex Differences Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Milena Radoman, Nia Fogelman, Cheryl Lacadie, Dongju Seo, Rajita Sinha
Objective: Stress and alcohol cue reactivity are associated with poor treatment outcomes in alcohol use disorder (AUD), but sex-specific neural correlates of stress and alcohol cue–induced craving compared with neutral cue–induced craving and of heavy drinking outcomes in AUD have not been examined. Thus, this study prospectively examined these associations and assessed sex differences. Methods: Treatment-seeking
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Topiramate Versus Naltrexone for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Genotype-Stratified Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Kirsten C. Morley, Henry R. Kranzler, Natasha Luquin, Nazila Jamshidi, Claire Adams, Mark Montebello, Chris Tremonti, Gezelle Dali, Warren Logge, Andrew Baillie, Maree Teesson, Ronald Trent, Paul S. Haber
Objective: There have been no well-controlled and well-powered comparative trials of topiramate with other pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorder (AUD), such as naltrexone. Moreover, the literature is mixed on the effects of two polymorphisms—rs2832407 (in GRIK1) and rs1799971 (in OPRM1)—on response to topiramate and naltrexone, respectively. The authors sought to examine the comparative effectiveness
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Alcohol Use Disorder and Chronic Pain: An Overlooked Epidemic Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Joao P. De Aquino, Matthew E. Sloan, Julio C. Nunes, Gabriel P. A. Costa, Jasmin L. Katz, Debora de Oliveira, Jocelyn Ra, Victor M. Tang, Ismene L. Petrakis
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and chronic pain disorders are pervasive, multifaceted medical conditions that often co-occur. However, their comorbidity is often overlooked, despite its prevalence and clinical relevance. Individuals with AUD are more likely to experience chronic pain than the general population. Conversely, individuals with chronic pain commonly alleviate their pain with alcohol, which
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Understanding and Addressing Widening Racial Inequalities in Drug Overdose Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Joseph R. Friedman, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, Helena Hansen
The fourth wave of the United States overdose crisis—driven by the polysubstance use of fentanyl with stimulants and other synthetic substances—has driven sharply escalating racial/ethnic inequalities in drug overdose death rates. Here the authors present a detailed portrait of the latest overdose trends and synthesize the literature to describe where, how, and why these inequalities are worsening
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Harm Reduction for Opioid Use Disorder: Strategies and Outcome Metrics Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Jennifer D. Ellis, Kelly E. Dunn, Andrew S. Huhn
Opioid overdose deaths and opioid-related harms have reached unprecedented levels, particularly as compounds such as xylazine and fentanyl have infiltrated the drug supply. Harm reduction strategies are especially relevant in this climate, as they aim to reduce drug-related harms independently of whether an individual chooses to enter treatment or abstain from opioid use. Assessment of harm reduction
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Vaccines as Immunotherapies for Substance Use Disorders Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Thomas R. Kosten
Substance use disorders (SUD) present a worldwide challenge with few effective therapies except for the relative efficacy of opioid pharmacotherapies, despite limited treatment access. However, the proliferation of illicit fentanyl use initiated a dramatic and cascading epidemic of lethal overdoses. This rise in fentanyl overdoses regenerated an interest in vaccine immunotherapy, which, despite an
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Pharmacogenomic Clinical Support Tools for the Treatment of Depression Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-30 Matthew L. Baum, Alik S. Widge, Linda L. Carpenter, William M. McDonald, Bruce M. Cohen, Charles B. Nemeroff, On behalf of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) Workgroup on Biomarkers and Novel Treatments
Objective: In this review, the authors update the 2018 position statement of the American Psychiatric Association Council of Research Workgroup on Biomarkers and Novel Treatments on pharmacogenomic (PGx) tools for treatment selection in depression. Methods: The literature was reviewed for new clinical trials and meta-analyses, published from 2017 to 2022, of studies using PGx tools for treatment selection
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Association of Lower Rostral Anterior Cingulate GABA+ and Dysregulated Cortisol Stress Response With Altered Functional Connectivity in Young Adults With Lifetime Depression: A Multimodal Imaging Investigation of Trait and State Effects Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-30 Maria Ironside, Jessica M. Duda, Amelia D. Moser, Laura M. Holsen, Chun S. Zuo, Fei Du, Sarah Perlo, Christine E. Richards, Xi Chen, Lisa D. Nickerson, Kaylee E. Null, Shiba M. Esfand, Madeline M. Alexander, David J. Crowley, Meghan Lauze, Madhusmita Misra, Jill M. Goldstein, Diego A. Pizzagalli
Objective: Preclinical work suggests that excess glucocorticoids and reduced cortical γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may affect sex-dependent differences in brain regions implicated in stress regulation and depressive phenotypes. The authors sought to address a critical gap in knowledge, namely, how stress circuitry is functionally affected by glucocorticoids and GABA in current or remitted major depressive
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Shared and Specific Neural Correlates of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of 243 Task-Based Functional MRI Studies Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-04-30 Hiroki Tamon, Junya Fujino, Takashi Itahashi, Lennart Frahm, Valeria Parlatini, Yuta Y. Aoki, Francisco Xavier Castellanos, Simon B. Eickhoff, Samuele Cortese
Objective: To investigate shared and specific neural correlates of cognitive functions in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the authors performed a comprehensive meta-analysis and considered a balanced set of neuropsychological tasks across the two disorders. Methods: A broad set of electronic databases was searched up to December 4, 2022, for task-based
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Reciprocal Effects Between Negative Parenting and Children’s Callous-Unemotional Traits From Mid to Late Childhood Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Patrizia Pezzoli, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Margherita Malanchini, Ivan Voronin, Eamon McCrory, Pasco Fearon, Essi Viding
Objective: The role of negative parenting in the development of callous-unemotional (CU) traits remains unclear. Both negative parenting and CU traits are influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The authors used genetically informed longitudinal cross-lagged models to examine the extent to which reciprocal effects between negative parenting and children’s CU traits in mid-to-late childhood
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Subcortico-Cortical Dysconnectivity in ADHD: A Voxel-Wise Mega-Analysis Across Multiple Cohorts Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Luke J. Norman, Gustavo Sudre, Jolie Price, Philip Shaw
Objective: A large body of functional MRI research has examined a potential role for subcortico-cortical loops in the pathogenesis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but has produced inconsistent findings. The authors performed a mega-analysis of six neuroimaging data sets to examine associations between ADHD diagnosis and traits and subcortico-cortical connectivity. Methods: Group
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Neuromelanin-Sensitive MRI as Candidate Marker for Treatment Resistance in First-Episode Schizophrenia Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Marieke van der Pluijm, Kenneth Wengler, Pascalle N. Reijers, Clifford M. Cassidy, Kaithlyn Tjong Tjin Joe, Olav R. de Peuter, Guillermo Horga, Jan Booij, Lieuwe de Haan, Elsmarieke van de Giessen
Objective: Markers for treatment resistance in schizophrenia are needed to reduce delays in effective treatment. Nigrostriatal hyperdopaminergic function plays a critical role in the pathology of schizophrenia, yet antipsychotic nonresponders do not show increased dopamine function. Neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI), which indirectly measures dopamine function in the substantia nigra, has potential
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Durability of Effects of Cognitive Remediation on Cognition and Psychosocial Functioning in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Antonio Vita, Stefano Barlati, Anna Ceraso, Gabriele Nibbio, Francesca Durante, Michele Facchi, Giacomo Deste, Til Wykes
Objective: Cognitive remediation provides substantial improvements in cognitive performance and real-world functioning for people living with schizophrenia, but the durability of these benefits needs to be reassessed and better defined. The aims of this study were to provide a comprehensive assessment of the durability of the benefits of cognitive remediation for cognition and functioning in people
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Irritability in Youths: A Critical Integrative Review Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Ellen Leibenluft, Laura E. Allen, Robert R. Althoff, Melissa A. Brotman, Jeffrey D. Burke, Gabrielle A. Carlson, Daniel P. Dickstein, Lea R. Dougherty, Spencer C. Evans, Katharina Kircanski, Daniel N. Klein, Eleanor P. Malone, Carla A. Mazefsky, Joel Nigg, Susan B. Perlman, Daniel S. Pine, Amy Krain Roy, Giovanni A. Salum, Amy Shakeshaft, Jamilah Silver, Joel Stoddard, Anita Thapar, Wan-Ling Tseng
Irritability, defined as proneness to anger that may impair an individual’s functioning, is common in youths. There has been a recent upsurge in relevant research. The authors combine systematic and narrative review approaches to integrate the latest clinical and translational findings and provide suggestions for addressing research gaps. Clinicians and researchers should assess irritability routinely
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N2 Responses in Youths With Psychosis Risk Syndrome and Their Association With Clinical Outcomes: A Cohort Follow-Up Study Based on the Three-Stimulus Visual Oddball Paradigm Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Yongqing Hou, Haishuo Xia, Tianbao He, Bohua Zhang, Guiping Qiu, Antao Chen
Objective: Schizophrenia often occurs during youth, and psychosis risk syndrome occurs before the onset of psychosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether the visual event-related potential responses in youths with psychosis risk syndrome were defective in the presence of interference stimuli and associated with their clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 223 participants, including 122
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Current and Future Approaches to Pediatric Anxiety Disorder Treatment Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Andre Zugman, Anderson M. Winkler, Purnima Qamar, Daniel S. Pine
This overview critically appraises the literature on the treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders. The two established treatments for these conditions comprise cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and antidepressant medications. Many youths receiving these treatments fail to achieve remission, which creates a need for new treatments. After summarizing the literature on CBT and currently available medications
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Neural Responses to Intranasal Oxytocin in Youths With Severe Irritability Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Soonjo Hwang, Ji-Woo Suk, Harma Meffert, Arica Lerdahl, William F. Garvey, Ryan Edwards, Alison Delizza, Brigette Soltis-Vaughan, Katrina Cordts, Ellen Leibenluft, R.J.R. Blair
Objective: The authors investigated the neural impact of intranasal oxytocin on emotion processing areas in youths with severe irritability in the context of disruptive mood and behavior disorders. Methods: Fifty-two participants with severe irritability, as measured by a score ≥4 on the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI), with diagnoses of disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) and/or disruptive mood
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Pattern of Risks for Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in the Offspring of Parents With Alcohol Use Disorder Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Kenneth S. Kendler, Linda Abrahamsson, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist
Objective: The authors sought to clarify the components of the familial liability to alcohol use disorder (AUD) by examining parent-offspring transmission in a large Swedish population sample. Methods: To this end, 1,244,516 offspring in intact families with a mean age at follow-up of 37.7 years (SD=6.8) were examined. Hazard ratios for offspring of parents with AUD were calculated using Cox models
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Cognitive Outcomes After Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy for Late-Life Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Nicholas J. Ainsworth, Tulip Marawi, Marta M. Maslej, Daniel M. Blumberger, Mary Pat McAndrews, Argyrios Perivolaris, Bruce G. Pollock, Tarek K. Rajji, Benoit H. Mulsant
Objective: The authors evaluated whether treatment of late-life depression (LLD) with antidepressants leads to changes in cognitive function. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of antidepressant pharmacotherapy for adults age 50 or older (or mean age of 65 or older) with LLD was conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycInfo were searched through December 31, 2022. The
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Treatment Response Prediction in Major Depressive Disorder Using Multimodal MRI and Clinical Data: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Maarten G. Poirot, Henricus G. Ruhe, Henk-Jan M.M. Mutsaerts, Ivan I. Maximov, Inge R. Groote, Atle Bjørnerud, Henk A. Marquering, Liesbeth Reneman, Matthan W.A. Caan
Objective: Response to antidepressant treatment in major depressive disorder varies substantially between individuals, which lengthens the process of finding effective treatment. The authors sought to determine whether a multimodal machine learning approach could predict early sertraline response in patients with major depressive disorder. They assessed the predictive contribution of MR neuroimaging
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Intergenerational Effects of the Fast Track Intervention on Next-Generation Child Outcomes: A Preregistered Randomized Clinical Trial Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 W. Andrew Rothenberg, Jennifer E. Lansford, Jennifer W. Godwin, Kenneth A. Dodge, William E. Copeland, Candice L. Odgers, Robert J. McMahon, Anna Rybinska, Conduct Problems Prevention Research Group
Objective: The authors sought to determine whether the Fast Track mental health intervention delivered to individuals in childhood decreased mental health problems and the need for health services among the children of these individuals. Methods: The authors examined whether Fast Track assignment in one generation of children (generation 2; G2) from grades 1 through 10 reduced parent-reported mental
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Associations Between General and Specific Mental Health Conditions in Young Adulthood and Cardiometabolic Complications in Middle Adulthood: A 40-Year Longitudinal Familial Coaggregation Study of 672,823 Swedish Individuals Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Cen Chen, Zheng Chang, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Brian M. D’Onofrio, Henrik Larsson, Pontus Andell, Paul Lichtenstein, Erik Pettersson
Objective: Most mental disorders, when examined individually, are associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic complications. However, these associations might be attributed to a general liability to psychopathology or confounded by unmeasured familial factors. The authors investigated the association between psychiatric conditions in young adulthood and the risk of cardiometabolic complications
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Normalization of Fronto-Parietal Activation by Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Unmedicated Pediatric Patients With Anxiety Disorders Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Simone P. Haller, Julia O. Linke, Hannah L. Grassie, Emily L. Jones, David Pagliaccio, Anita Harrewijn, Lauren K. White, Reut Naim, Rany Abend, Ajitha Mallidi, Erin Berman, Krystal M. Lewis, Katharina Kircanski, Nathan A. Fox, Wendy K. Silverman, Ned H. Kalin, Yair Bar-Haim, Melissa A. Brotman
Objective: Anxiety disorders are prevalent among youths and are often highly impairing. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective first-line treatment. The authors investigated the brain mechanisms associated with symptom change following CBT. Methods: Unmedicated youths diagnosed with an anxiety disorder underwent 12 weeks of CBT as part of two randomized clinical trials testing the efficacy
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Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement for Veterans and Military Personnel on Long-Term Opioid Therapy for Chronic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Eric L. Garland, Yoshio Nakamura, Craig J. Bryan, Adam W. Hanley, Anna Parisi, Brett Froeliger, William R. Marchand, Gary W. Donaldson
Objective: This randomized clinical trial evaluated the efficacy of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) among past and present U.S. military personnel with prescriptions for long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain. Methods: In this clinical trial, 230 past and present military personnel with prescriptions for long-term opioid therapy were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to MORE or supportive
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Associations of Menstrual Cycle and Progesterone-to-Estradiol Ratio With Alcohol Consumption in Alcohol Use Disorder: A Sex-Separated Multicenter Longitudinal Study Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Sabine Hoffmann, Sarah Gerhardt, Christiane Mühle, Iris Reinhard, Dominic Reichert, Patrick Bach, Rafat Boroumand-Jazi, Christine Kuehner, Alvaro Aguilera, Acelya Aslan, Nadja S. Bahr, Matthew Belanger, Friederike Deeken, Claudia Ebrahimi, Pascale C. Fischbach, Marvin Ganz, Maria Garbusow, Charlotte M. Großkopf, Marie Heigert, Angela Hentschel, Damian Karl, Shuyan Liu, Massimiliano Mazza, Patricia
Objective: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) constitutes a critical public health issue and has sex-specific characteristics. Initial evidence suggests that progesterone and estradiol might reduce or increase alcohol intake, respectively. However, there is a need for a better understanding of how the menstrual cycle in females and the ratio of progesterone to estradiol in females and males influence alcohol
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Psychotropic Drug–Related Weight Gain and Its Treatment Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Roger S. McIntyre, Angela T.H. Kwan, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Kayla M. Teopiz, Rodrigo B. Mansur
Psychotropic drug–related weight gain (PDWG) is a common occurrence and is highly associated with non-initiation, discontinuation, and dissatisfaction with psychiatric drugs. Moreover, PDWG intersects with the elevated risk for obesity and associated morbidity that has been amply reported in the psychiatric population. Evidence indicates that differential liability for PDWG exists for antipsychotics
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Predicting Acute Changes in Suicidal Ideation and Planning: A Longitudinal Study of Symptom Mediators and the Role of the Menstrual Cycle in Female Psychiatric Outpatients With Suicidality Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Jaclyn M. Ross, Jordan C. Barone, Hafsah Tauseef, Katja M. Schmalenberger, Anisha Nagpal, Natania A. Crane, Tory A. Eisenlohr-Moul
Objective: Cross-sectional and preliminary longitudinal findings suggest that cyclical ovarian hormone fluctuations influence acute suicide risk. The authors provide the first analyses in females with suicidality to investigate which daily symptoms covary with suicidal ideation and planning thoughts, the role of the menstrual cycle in daily symptom variation, how daily fluctuations in symptoms mediate
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Resilience Isn't Found in Trauma, But It May Be Found in Other Life Experiences. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Cavan V Bonner,Brent W Roberts
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Adversity and Resilience, Postpartum Depression, Suicide, and Racial/Ethnic Disparities. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ned H Kalin
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The First Large GWAS Meta-Analysis for Postpartum Depression. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Jessica Ann May Adams,Prabha Chandra,Divya Mehta
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The STAR*D Data Remain Strong: Reply to Pigott et al. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 A John Rush,Madhukar Trivedi,Maurizio Fava,Michael Thase,Stephen Wisniewski
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The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023: Implications for the Nation's Mental Health Crisis. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Joseph H Wu,Eli Y Adashi
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Substance Use Disorders Are Psychiatric Disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Alëna A Balasanova
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Substance Use Disorders Are Psychiatric Disorders: Response to Balasanova. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ned H Kalin
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A Mental Health Crisis and Call to Action: Increasing Trends in Suicide Among Black Women in the United States. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Ruth S Shim,Carolyn I Rodriguez
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Perinatal Mental Health: Advances and Opportunities. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Zachary N Stowe
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Recurrent Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis After Mycoplasma Pneumonia Infection. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Katherine S Dickson,Donald L Rosenstein,Nathaniel A Sowa
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Learning From Racial Disparities in COVID-19-Related Stress. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Rachel Yehuda,Sidney H Hankerson
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Trends in Suicide Among Black Women in the United States, 1999-2020. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Victoria A Joseph,Gonzalo Martínez-Alés,Mark Olfson,Jeffrey Shaman,Madelyn S Gould,Catherine Gimbrone,Katherine M Keyes
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Trends in Prevalence of Cannabis Use Disorder Among U.S. Veterans With and Without Psychiatric Disorders Between 2005 and 2019 Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Ofir Livne, Carol A. Malte, Mark Olfson, Melanie M. Wall, Katherine M. Keyes, Charles Maynard, Jaimie L. Gradus, Andrew J. Saxon, Silvia S. Martins, Salomeh Keyhani, Yoanna McDowell, David S. Fink, Zachary L. Mannes, Sarah Gutkind, Deborah S. Hasin
Objective: Cannabis use disorder diagnoses are increasing among U.S. adults and are more prevalent among people with comorbid psychiatric disorders. Recent changes in cannabis laws, increasing cannabis availability, and higher-potency cannabis may have placed people with cannabis use and psychiatric disorders at disproportionately increasing risk for cannabis use disorder. The authors used Veterans
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The Long-Term Relationship Between Cannabis and Heroin Use: An 18- to 20-year Follow-Up of the Australian Treatment Outcome Study (ATOS) Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Jack Wilson, Katherine L. Mills, Matthew Sunderland, Tom P. Freeman, Maree Teesson, Paul S. Haber, Christina Marel
Objective: Cannabis use is common among individuals with opioid use disorder, but it remains unclear whether cannabis use is associated with an increase or a reduction in illicit opioid use. To overcome limitations identified in previous longitudinal studies with limited follow-ups, the authors examined a within-person reciprocal relationship between cannabis and heroin use at several follow-ups over
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Converging Evidence for Frontopolar Cortex as a Target for Neuromodulation in Addiction Treatment Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Ghazaleh Soleimani, Juho Joutsa, Khaled Moussawi, Shan H. Siddiqi, Rayus Kuplicki, Marom Bikson, Martin P. Paulus, Michael D. Fox, Colleen A. Hanlon, Hamed Ekhtiari
Noninvasive brain stimulation technologies such as transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation (tES and TMS) are emerging neuromodulation therapies that are being used to target the neural substrates of substance use disorders. By the end of 2022, 205 trials of tES or TMS in the treatment of substance use disorders had been published, with heterogeneous results, and there is still no consensus
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Adult Mental Health, Substance Use Disorders, and Functional Outcomes of Children Resilient to Early Adversity Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 William E. Copeland, Julia Halvorson-Phelan, Ellen McGinnis, Lilly Shanahan
Objective: Some children are unaffected by mental illness despite exposure to childhood adversity. These children are typically considered resilient. The objective of this study was to follow up such resilient children in adulthood to characterize mental health status, substance use, and functional outcomes. Methods: The analysis was based on the prospective, representative Great Smoky Mountains Study
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Racial and Ethnic Disparities in COVID-19-Related Stressor Exposure and Adverse Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Aaron Samuel Breslow,Sherry Simkovic,Peter J Franz,Elizabeth Cavic,Qi Liu,Natalie Ramsey,Jonathan E Alpert,Benjamin Le Cook,Vilma Gabbay
OBJECTIVE Racial and ethnic disparities in exposure to COVID-19-related stressors, pandemic-related distress, and adverse mental health outcomes were assessed among health care workers in the Bronx, New York, during the first wave of the pandemic. METHODS The authors analyzed survey data from 992 health care workers using adjusted logistic regression models to assess differential prevalence of outcomes
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An Avenue for Optimization of Theta Burst Stimulation Protocols? Comments on the FOUR-D Randomized Noninferiority Clinical Trial. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Jean-Marie V Batail,Michael T Feyder,Brandon S Bentzley,Nolan R Williams
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Recapitulation of Perturbed Striatal Gene Expression Dynamics of Donor’s Brains With Ventral Forebrain Organoids Derived From the Same Individuals With Schizophrenia Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Tomoyo Sawada, André R. Barbosa, Bruno Araujo, Alejandra E. McCord, Laura D’Ignazio, Kynon J.M. Benjamin, Bonna Sheehan, Michael Zabolocki, Arthur Feltrin, Ria Arora, Anna C. Brandtjen, Joel E. Kleinman, Thomas M. Hyde, Cedric Bardy, Daniel R. Weinberger, Apuã C.M. Paquola, Jennifer A. Erwin
Objective: Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that originates during neurodevelopment and has complex genetic and environmental etiologies. Despite decades of clinical evidence of altered striatal function in affected patients, studies examining its cellular and molecular mechanisms in humans are limited. To explore neurodevelopmental alterations in the striatum associated with schizophrenia, the authors
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Structural Racism and Risk of Schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Els van der Ven,Ezra Susser
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Predicting Conversion to Psychosis Using Machine Learning: Are We There Yet? Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Tyrone D Cannon
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Points that Need Attention in Early Auditory Information Processing Research in Schizophrenia: Response to Lin and Hsieh. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Yash Joshi,Neal Swerdlow,Gregory Light
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Another Step Toward the Prediction of Antipsychotic Treatment Response Using Functional Connectivity. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Donald C Goff,Joshua Roffman,Daphne J Holt
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Dissecting the Genetic Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Disease. Am. J. Psychiatry (IF 15.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Rona J Strawbridge,Nicholas Graham