PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic and healthcare access factors with self-reported diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevalence in a nationally representative sample of the United States. DESIGN This is a population based, cross-sectional analysis METHODS: Data from those who answered the question, "Have you ever been told by a doctor or other health professional

PURPOSE To gauge the efficacy and safety of performing a one-stage endoscopic orbital decompression procedure combined with the intraoperative relaxed medial rectus muscle (MR) positioning technique as a means of treating esotropia associated with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). DESIGN Prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. SETTING Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University

PURPOSE Sex bias remains a pervasive reality in academic medicine, often reflected in subtle linguistic choices, which can skew perceptions of competence and perpetuate workplace inequity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between host sex, speaker sex, and speaker introduction practices in ophthalmology grand rounds events. DESIGN Cross-sectional study METHODS: Publicly accessible videos

PURPOSE Growing interest in microperimetry (MP) or fundus-controlled perimetry (FCP) as targeted psychometric testing method in geographic atrophy (GA) is warranted due to the disease subclinical/extra-foveal appearance or preexisting foveal loss with visual acuity becoming unreliable. We provide comprehensive pointwise test-retest repeatability reference values on the most widely used MP devices and

PURPOSE To compare 7 AI-based IOL power calculation formulas in extremely long eyes DESIGN: : Retrospective accuracy and validity analysis. METHODS SETTING: Kyiv Clinical Ophthalmology Hospital Eye Microsurgery Center, Ukraine STUDY POPULATION: : Patients with highly myopic eyes, who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification OBSERVATION PROCEDURES: Prior to cataract surgery IOL power was calculated

PURPOSE To highlight innovations in ophthalmic oncology through histiocytosis advancements. DESIGN Perspective and retrospective review. METHODS The literature outlining the recent advancements in histiocytosis and ocular oncology were reviewed and combined with trial data and personal recollection. Intersections between these two fields were discussed. RESULTS The understanding of genetic mutations

PURPOSE To provide a perspective on the management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients using a combination of sustained drug delivery strategies and remote monitoring technology. DESIGN Evidence-based perspective METHODS: Review of the literature and experience of the author RESULTS: Currently there are many ongoing research efforts in the retina field directed at both safe

PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the humanistic burden of non-infectious uveitis (NIU). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted across Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases from inception to March 2023. Studies pertaining to the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with NIU in both adult and pediatric populations were included. Identified

PURPOSE PRPH2-associated retinal diseases (PARD) result from pathogenic PRPH2 variants, primarily affecting photoreceptor outer segments and retinal pigment epithelium. The focus of this article is to review and discuss the phenotyping of PARD subtypes. DESIGN A systematic review METHODS: The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines with searches on PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and

PURPOSE Pleiotropic cardiovascular benefits of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been demonstrated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus due to vascular remodeling effects. It is unclear whether a similar benefit may be seen for glaucoma. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of SGLT2i on the risk of glaucoma in patients with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN Target trial

PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of circumferential gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) versus hemi-GATT in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). DESIGN Prospective randomized controlled trial METHODS: This study included children with PCG having corneal diameters <14mm and relatively clear cornea. Based on randomisation, the eyes included, underwent either circumferential GATT (360-GATT)

PURPOSE To assess the prevalence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) usage policies in manuscript writing in PubMed-indexed ophthalmology journals and examine the relationship between adoption of these policies and journal characteristics. DESIGN Cross-sectional study SUBJECTS: PubMed-indexed ophthalmology journals MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of policies in journal guidelines regarding the use of

PURPOSE To compare the effectiveness and safety of the Paul Glaucoma Implant (PGI) to the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) in managing refractory childhood glaucoma. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING Two clinical centers. METHODS An ongoing randomized controlled trial including patients ≤18 years with refractory childhood glaucoma in whom glaucoma drainage implant surgery was planned. Patients

PURPOSE To investigate postoperative pain variations in vitreoretinal surgeries conducted with combined regional-general anesthesia or general anesthesia. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published before December 26, 2023. Studies comparing

PURPOSE To evaluate the objective and subjective visual quality 3 months after femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) performed with Q-value-guided optimized monovision scheme (Custom-Q) for correction of myopia with or without astigmatism and compensate for age-related accommodation deficiency. DESIGN Prospective before-and-after study. METHODS Patients who had Custom-Q

PURPOSE To examine the association between topical pilocarpine and the risk of new-onset rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). DESIGN Retrospective clinical cohort study. METHODS We used an aggregated electronic health records research network, TriNetX, to examine the risk of RRD (ICD-10: H33.0x) following the initiation of pilocarpine. The primary study group included adult patients over 40 years

To compare the clinical outcomes of early pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) versus delayed PPV in patients with first episode of vitreous hemorrhage (VH) secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

PURPOSE Investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in an African ancestry cohort from the Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study. DESIGN Retrospective, cross-sectional "case-control" comparison study. BACKGROUND Late diagnosis and unclear pathophysiology of POAG, the most prevalent glaucoma type, emphasize the need

PURPOSE To evaluate the utility of extended field swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (SS-OCTA) imaging biomarkers in predicting the occurrence of clinically significant outcomes in eyes with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR). DESIGN Retrospective clinical case-control study. METHODS Single-center clinical study. 88 eyes with NPDR from 57 participants (median age: 64.0

PURPOSE To compare interindividual differences in visual performance of an advanced monofocal with a non-diffractive extended depth of focus intraocular lens using a mini-monovision approach. DESIGN Single-center, randomized, controlled, double-masked study. METHODS In total, 48 patients (96 eyes) with bilateral age-related cataract were enrolled. One group received an advanced monofocal IOL RAO200E

Purpose: This study compared two imaging grading techiques to assess the utility of longitudinal image-based analysis in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening: 1) time-limited without image comparison (a proxy for bedside indirect ophthalmoscopy, termed sBIO) and time-unlimited with image comparison (for telemedicine grading, termed TELE) screening. We tested two hypotheses: 1) H1: TELE was superior

PURPOSE To assess the photoreceptor mosaic in patients with idiopathic full thickness macular hole (MH) before and after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with adaptive optics enhanced retinal imaging (AO). DESIGN Prospective case series. METHODS Prospective cohort study of patients who presented at the Kensington Eye Institute, Toronto, Canada with a diagnosis of macular hole treated with PPV. EXCLUSION

OBJECTIVE To examine rates of submacular hemorrhage in patients undergoing anti-VEGF injections, comparing rates between specific anti-VEGF agents. DESIGN Retrospective clinical cohort study. PARTICIPANTS All patients in the database from January 2015-November 2023 with a diagnosis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and accompanying submacular hemorrhage (SMH). METHODS SMH prevalence

To investigate the potential factors related to variability of alignment in childhood concomitant strabismus.

To investigate the risk factors for corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) loss of 2 types of iris-fixated phakic intraocular lenses (pIOL) and indicate the cutoff values for preventing irreversible ECD loss after explantation.

Myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness, particularly in Asian populations. With the global burden of myopia on the rise, understanding effective treatment options is crucial. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy of macular buckling in the management of MTM.

To compare the efficacy of two botulinum toxin (BoNT) injection methods, pretarsal (PT) combined with preseptal (PS) injection (PT-PS) and conventional PT injection, in the treatment of benign essential blepharospasm (BEB).

To determine the association between dry eye disease (DED) and mental health conditions in a sociodemographically diverse nationwide population of Americans.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of RLRL in delaying the progression of high myopes -6.00 D or worse. DESIGN Multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, single-blind clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred and two high myopic children aged 7 to 12 years with cycloplegia spherical equivalent refraction (SE) ≤ -6.00 D, astigmatism less than 2.50 D, anisometropia of 1.50 D or less were enrolled

To evaluate the surveillance value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for detecting distant metastasis and indicating systemic therapeutic efficacy in conjunctival melanoma (CoM).

PURPOSE Prior studies have shown that non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is uncommon in persons of Black race compared to those of White race, but the reasons behind this discrepancy remain unknown. Our goal was to analyze the systemic and ocular features of Black NAION patients compared to White patients. DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study METHODS: Self-reported race

To characterize a large modern cohort of patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) by describing presenting features and outcomes relating to manually segmented optical coherence tomography (OCT) features, angiographic reperfusion, and visual recovery.

To compare clinical outcomes, reverse pupillary block (RPB) findings, and anterior segment parameters in patients with and without intraoperative peripheral iridectomy during sutureless flattened flange intrascleral intraocular lens (IOL) fixation.

To compare the ocular and systemic outcomes of single- (melphalan) versus triple-agent (melphalan, topotecan, carboplatin) intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) for retinoblastoma (RB) eye salvage.

The lower eyelid is anatomically coupled to the inferior rectus (IR) muscle, so that IR recession alone causes lower lid retraction often symptomatic due to corneal exposure. Although procedures within the conjunctival incision reduce retraction slightly, cutaneous lower eyelid retractor release (CLERR) eliminates this problem.

To describe the clinical and histopathologic features of pediatric eyelid cutaneous horns.

Ocular adnexal sebaceous carcinoma (OaSC) is an aggressive malignancy that often necessitates orbital exenteration. Its tumor composition and transcriptional profile remain largely unknown, which poses a significant barrier to medical advances. Here, we report the first in-depth transcriptomic analysis of OaSC at the single-cell resolution and discern mechanisms underlying cancer progression for the

PURPOSE To analyze the myopic maculopathy's progression pattern. DESIGN Retrospective, observational case series. METHODS 824 highly myopic eyes (axial length ≥26mm) of 430 patients examined at Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital (Madrid, Spain) with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examination, including multimodal imaging. Progression of

PURPOSE To evaluate racial/ethnic differences in the use of microinvasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) for the management of mild-moderate primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the United States. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Patients with a diagnosis of mild or moderate POAG, as defined by current procedural terminology (CPT) codes, were included. The experimental group comprised African

PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence, features and risk factors of macular retinoschisis (MRS) in highly myopic eyes and their morphological features in Chinese population. DESIGN Population-based, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS From Beijing Eye Study 2011, a total of 213 highly myopic eyes from 129 participants were included. METHODS All participants underwent Spectral-domain optical coherence

PURPOSE The gradings of complete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy (cRORA) and incomplete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy (iRORA) on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) B-scans were compared with the grading of persistent choroidal hypertransmission defects (hyperTDs) on swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) en face images. DESIGN Comparative

Both retinal changes and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have been shown to be associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). In AMD, the outer retina is impacted significantly and early, but little is known about its association with cognition or changes in brain morphometry. This study investigates the relationship between retinal and brain morphometry in older adults with

Clinical trial cohorts frequently differ demographically from the overall population receiving treatment for the condition under study. Our study describes the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of the cohorts of retinal vein occlusion (RVO) macular edema (ME) clinical trials and compares this to the racial, ethnic, and gender composition of patients undergoing treatment for ME secondary to RVO

PURPOSE To discuss the history and current state of private equity in ophthalmology and explore potential implications for ophthalmology practices, physicians, and patients. DESIGN Perspective. METHODS Review of selected articles in ophthalmology and non-ophthalmology medical literature and commentary based on the authors' experiences. RESULTS Investment in ophthalmology appeals to private equity firms

To describe the outcomes of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) at a single tertiary care center.

To characterize the epidemiology of herpes zoster (HZ) and herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) in an urban hospital system and determine risk factors associated with developing ocular complications in HZO. To report the frequency of shingles vaccination and HZ reactivation following shingles vaccination in this population.

To assess apposition of posterior capsule (PC) to intraocular lens (IOL) optic in ultraviolet (UV)/ozone surface modified IOL and its impact on neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy rate and visual quality.

When severe retinal and corneal injury occur together, a temporary keratoprosthesis (TKP) is often a last resort to allow posterior segment visualization to enable vitreoretinal surgery, followed by a penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) which can restore corneal clarity in a single operation. We aimed to assess visual outcomes following combined PKP and vitreoretinal surgery with the use of a TKP for cases

To investigate whether a recipient's entire Descemet stripping reduced endothelial cell loss (ECL) after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome.

To assess choroidal changes associated to optic disc pit maculopathy (ODP-M) and their evolution after surgical treatment.

To compare scanning-slit retinoscopy automated refraction spherical equivalent (ARSE) to subjective manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE) in normal eyes with four different types of intraocular lenses (IOLs).