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Fluorine-18 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–1007 PET/CT vs Multiparametric MRI for Locoregional Staging of Prostate Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Nikhile Mookerji, Tyler Pfanner, Amaris Hui, Guocheng Huang, Patrick Albers, Rohan Mittal, Stacey Broomfield, Lucas Dean, Blair St. Martin, Niels-Erik Jacobsen, Howard Evans, Yuan Gao, Ryan Hung, Jonathan Abele, Peter Dromparis, Joema Felipe Lima, Tarek Bismar, Evangelos Michelakis, Gopinath Sutendra, Frank Wuest, Wendy Tu, Benjamin A. Adam, Christopher Fung, Alexander Tamm, Adam Kinnaird
ImportanceProstate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) demonstrates overexpression in prostate cancer and correlates with tumor aggressiveness. PSMA positron emission tomography (PET) is superior to conventional imaging for the metastatic staging of prostate cancer per current research but studies of second-generation PSMA PET radioligands for locoregional staging are limited.ObjectiveTo determine the
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Endometrial Thickness as Diagnostic Triage for Endometrial Cancer Among Black Individuals JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Kemi M. Doll, Mindy Pike, Julianna Alson, Patrice Williams, Erin Carey, Til Stürmer, Mollie Wood, Erica E. Marsh, Ronit Katz, Whitney R. Robinson
ImportancePoor performance of the transvaginal ultrasonography triage strategy has been suggested as a contributor to racial disparity between Black individuals and White individuals in endometrial cancer (EC) stage at diagnosis in population-level simulation analyses.ObjectivesTo examine the false-negative probability using ultrasonography-measured endometrial thickness (ET) thresholds as triage for
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Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients With Stage I Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Untreated With Chemotherapy JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Veerle C. M. Geurts, Sara Balduzzi, Tessa G. Steenbruggen, Sabine C. Linn, Sabine Siesling, Sunil S. Badve, Angela DeMichele, Michail Ignatiadis, Roberto A. Leon-Ferre, Matthew P. Goetz, Antonio C. Wolff, Natalie Klar, Stefan Michiels, Sherene Loi, Sylvia Adams, Hugo M. Horlings, Gabe S. Sonke, Roberto Salgado, Marleen Kok
ImportanceThe absolute benefit of chemotherapy for all patients with stage I triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unclear, and biomarkers are not currently available for selecting patients with an excellent outcome for whom neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy may have negligible benefit. High levels of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) are associated with favorable survival in TNBC
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A Case of Gastric Thickening and a Large Ovarian Mass JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Binbin Zheng-Lin, Katalin Kelemen, Allison Rosenthal
A 35-year-old female patient with hypothyroidism and Ehler-Danlos syndrome presents with fatigue, abdominal distension, and dyspnea. What is your diagnosis?
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Long-Term Prospective Outcomes of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Stephen G. Chun, Chen Hu, Ritsuko U. Komaki, Robert D. Timmerman, Steven E. Schild, Jeffrey A. Bogart, Michael C. Dobelbower, Walter Bosch, Vivek S. Kavadi, Samir Narayan, Puneeth Iyengar, Clifford Robinson, Jan Rothman, Adam Raben, Mark E. Augspurger, Robert M. MacRae, Rebecca Paulus, Jeffrey D. Bradley
ImportanceThe optimal radiotherapy technique for unresectable locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial, so evaluating long-term prospective outcomes of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is important.ObjectiveTo compare long-term prospective outcomes of patients receiving IMRT and 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) with concurrent carboplatin/paclitaxel for
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Postrecurrence Treatment in Neoadjuvant or Adjuvant FDA Registration Trials JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Timothée Olivier, Alyson Haslam, Vinay Prasad
ImportanceIn oncology randomized clinical trials, suboptimal access to best available care at recurrence (or relapse) may affect overall survival results.ObjectiveTo assess the proportion and the quality of postrecurrence treatment received by patients enrolled in US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) registration trials of systemic therapy in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting.Evidence ReviewFor
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Perioperative Modified FOLFIRINOX for Resectable Pancreatic Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Michael Cecchini, Ronald R. Salem, Marie Robert, Suzanne Czerniak, Ondrej Blaha, Daniel Zelterman, Moein Rajaei, Jeffrey P. Townsend, Guoping Cai, Sumedha Chowdhury, Deanne Yugawa, Robert Tseng, Carlos Mejia Arbelaez, Jingjing Jiao, Kenneth Shroyer, Jaykumar Thumar, Jeremy Kortmansky, Wajih Zaheer, Neal Fischbach, Justin Persico, Stacey Stein, Sajid A. Khan, Charles Cha, Kevin G. Billingsley, John
ImportancePancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant tumor, and durable disease control is rare with the current standard of care, even for patients who undergo surgical resection.ObjectiveTo assess whether neoadjuvant modified 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (mFOLFIRINOX) leads to early control of micrometastasis and improves survival.Design, Setting
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Survival in Patients With Recurrent Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Wenzhe Fan, Bowen Zhu, Shuling Chen, Yanqin Wu, Xiao Zhao, Liangliang Qiao, Zhen Huang, Rong Tang, Jinghua Chen, Wan Yee Lau, Minshan Chen, Jiaping Li, Ming Kuang, Zhenwei Peng
ImportanceTransarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is commonly used to treat patients with recurrent intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and positive microvascular invasion (MVI); however, TACE alone has demonstrated unsatisfactory survival benefits. A previous retrospective study suggested that TACE plus sorafenib (SOR-TACE) may be a better therapeutic option compared with TACE alone.ObjectiveTo
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Performance of Tumor Surveillance for Children With Cancer Predisposition JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Alise Blake, Melissa R. Perrino, Cara E. Morin, Leslie Taylor, Rose B. McGee, Sara Lewis, Stacy Hines-Dowell, Arti Pandey, Paige Turner, Manish Kubal, Yin Su, Li Tang, Laura Howell, Lynn W. Harrison, Zachary Abramson, Ann Schechter, Noah D. Sabin, Kim E. Nichols
ImportancePediatric oncology patients are increasingly recognized as having an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS). Surveillance is often recommended to detect new tumors at their earliest and most curable stages. Data on the effectiveness and outcomes of surveillance for children with CPS are limited.ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of surveillance across a wide spectrum of CPSs.Design
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Home Time Among Older Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Following Chemotherapy JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Daniel R. Richardson, Xi Zhou, Katherine Reeder-Hayes, Christopher E. Jensen, Jessica Islam, Kah Poh Loh, Arjun Gupta, Ethan Basch, Antonia V. Bennett, John F. P. Bridges, Stephanie B. Wheeler, William A. Wood, Christopher D. Baggett, Jennifer L. Lund
ImportancePatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) recognize days spent at home (home time) vs in a hospital or nursing facility as an important factor in treatment decision making. No study has adequately described home time among older adults with AML.ObjectiveTo describe home time among older adults with AML (aged ≥66 years) and compare home time between 2 common treatments: anthracycline-based
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Circulating Tumor DNA-Guided De-Escalation Targeted Therapy for Advanced Non−Small Cell Lung Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Song Dong, Zhen Wang, Jia-Tao Zhang, Bingfa Yan, Chao Zhang, Xuan Gao, Hao Sun, Yang-Si Li, Hong-Hong Yan, Hai-Yan Tu, Si-Yang Maggie Liu, Yuhua Gong, Wei Gao, Jie Huang, Ri-Qiang Liao, Jun-Tao Lin, E-E. Ke, Zelong Xu, Xue Zhang, Xuefeng Xia, An-Na Li, Si-Yang Liu, Yi Pan, Jin-Ji Yang, Wen-Zhao Zhong, Xin Yi, Qing Zhou, Xue-Ning Yang, Yi-Long Wu
ImportanceUninterrupted targeted therapy until disease progression or intolerable toxic effects is currently the routine therapy for advanced non−small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involving driver gene variations. However, drug resistance is inevitable.ObjectiveTo assess the clinical feasibility of adaptive de-escalation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment guided by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)
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Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Gynecological Oligometastatic and Oligoprogessive Tumors JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Elysia K. Donovan, Simon S. Lo, Sushil Beriwal, Hanbo Chen, Patrick Cheung, Andrew Keller, Chika Nwachukwu, Constantine Mantz, Gregory R. Pond, Kara Schnarr, Anand Swaminath, Kevin Albuquerque, Eric Leung
ImportanceThe role of stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for gynecologic malignant tumors has yet to be clearly defined despite recent clinical uptake.ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes of SABR in patients with oligometastatic and oligoprogressive gynecologic cancers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this retrospective pooled analysis, patients with oligometastatic and oligoprogressive gynecologic
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Sexual Rehabilitation Needs of Gay and Bisexual Men With Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Christopher W. Wheldon
This Viewpoint discusses the importance of concentrating research efforts and clinical training on sexual and gender minority individuals who survive cancer, particularly on sexual rehabilitation.
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Lymphoma With a Skin Rash JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Abhinav Singhal, Aparna Sharma, Kalpa Jyoti Das
A 62-year-old female had a generalized vesiculobullous rash on her face for 4 months. It started over the lips and gradually progressed to involve the oral mucosa and skin of the whole body. What is your diagnosis?
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Comprehensive Audiologic Analyses After Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Victoria A. Sanchez, Paul C. Dinh, Patrick O. Monahan, Sandra Althouse, Jennessa Rooker, Howard D. Sesso, M. Eileen Dolan, Mandy Weinzerl, Darren R. Feldman, Chunkit Fung, Lawrence H. Einhorn, Robert D. Frisina, Lois B. Travis
ImportanceCisplatin is highly ototoxic but widely used. Evidence is lacking regarding cisplatin-related hearing loss (CRHL) in adult-onset cancer survivors with comprehensive audiologic assessments (eg, Words-in-Noise [WIN] tests, full-spectrum audiometry, and additional otologic measures), as well as the progression of CRHL considering comorbidities, modifiable factors associated with risk, and cumulative
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Cardiovascular Events and Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors in Advanced Prostate Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Omar El-Taji, Samih Taktak, Craig Jones, Mick Brown, Noel Clarke, Ashwin Sachdeva
ImportanceCardiovascular (CV) events remain a substantial cause of mortality among men with advanced and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). The introduction of novel androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSI) has transformed the treatment landscape of PCa in recent years; however, their associated CV toxic effects remains unclear.ObjectiveTo assess the incidence of CV events with addition of ARSI
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Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Chemotherapy Followed By Response-Adaptive Therapy for HPV+ Oropharyngeal Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Ari J. Rosenberg, Nishant Agrawal, Aditya Juloori, John Cursio, Zhen Gooi, Elizabeth Blair, Jeffrey Chin, Daniel Ginat, Olga Pasternak-Wise, Rifat Hasina, Anna Starus, Frederick S. Jones, Evgeny Izumchenko, Ellen MacCracken, Rachelle Wolk, Nicole Cipriani, Mark W. Lingen, Alexander T. Pearson, Tanguy Y. Seiwert, Daniel J. Haraf, Everett E. Vokes
ImportanceImmune checkpoint inhibitors improve survival in recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer, yet their role in curative human papillomavirus−positive oropharyngeal cancer (HPV+ OPC) remains undefined. Neoadjuvant nivolumab and chemotherapy followed by response-adaptive treatment in HPV+ OPC may increase efficacy while reducing toxicity.ObjectiveTo determine the deep response rate and
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Geographic Distribution of Clinical Trials for Advanced-Stage Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Wade T. Swenson, Abigail Swenson, Emily Westergard, Zachary Schroeder
This quality improvement study evaluates the geographic distribution of clinical trials and assesses the distances patients with cancer must travel to access a clinical trial site.
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Assessing the Environmental and Downstream Human Health Impacts of Decentralizing Cancer Care JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Andrew Hantel, Colin Cernik, Thomas P. Walsh, Hajime Uno, Dalia Larios, Jonathan E. Slutzman, Gregory A. Abel
ImportanceGreenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from health care are substantial and disproportionately harm persons with cancer. Emissions from a central component of oncology care, outpatient clinician visits, are not well described, nor are the reductions in emissions and human harms that could be obtained through decentralizing this aspect of cancer care (ie, telemedicine and local clinician care when
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Climate Change in Comprehensive Cancer Control Plans in the US JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-30 Leticia M. Nogueira, A. Julia Ross, Heather D’Angelo, Gila Neta
This cross-sectional study examines the inclusion of climate- and climate change–related mitigation efforts in cancer prevention plans in US states, tribes, and territories.
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Obstacles to Biosimilar Acceptance and Uptake in Oncology JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-30 Daniel K. Mroczek, Katherina Hauner, George J. Greene, Karen Kaiser, John Devin Peipert, Mary Golf, Sheetal Kircher, Sara Shaunfield, Madison Lylerohr, David Cella
ImportanceBiosimilar drugs provide cost-effective yet clinically indistinguishable replications of target drugs. During initial development, this class of biologic medicines was expected to revolutionize pharmaceutical markets; however, following US Food and Drug Administration approval of the first biosimilar drug in 2015, the commercialization of biosimilars has been limited. The lack of biosimilar
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Long-Term Engagement of Patients With Advanced Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-30 Manali I. Patel, Madhuri Agrawal, Douglas W. Blayney, M. Kate Bundorf, Arnold Milstein
ImportanceThe long-term effect of interventions that assist patients with establishing their end-of-life care preferences among patients with cancer remain relatively unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of a long-term intervention of a lay health worker–led advance care planning intervention among patients with advanced stages of cancer with overall survival and end-of-life health care use
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A Patient With Slow Communication and Difficulty Walking JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Hirokazu Matsushima, Masayuki Kikuchi, Tsunehiro Shintani
A 70-year-old woman with hypertension and dyslipidemia presented with slow communication and difficulty walking 90 days after 6 courses of postoperative chemotherapy following right breast cancer surgery. What is your diagnosis?
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Body Composition in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immunotherapy JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Tafadzwa L. Chaunzwa, Jack M. Qian, Qin Li, Biagio Ricciuti, Leonard Nuernberg, Justin W. Johnson, Jakob Weiss, Zhongyi Zhang, Jamie MacKay, Ioannis Kagiampakis, Damian Bikiel, Alessandro Di Federico, Joao V. Alessi, Raymond H. Mak, Etai Jacob, Mark M. Awad, Hugo J. W. L. Aerts
ImportanceThe association between body composition (BC) and cancer outcomes is complex and incompletely understood. Previous research in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been limited to small, single-institution studies and yielded promising, albeit heterogeneous, results.ObjectivesTo evaluate the association of BC with oncologic outcomes in patients receiving immunotherapy for advanced or metastatic
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Radiation Therapy Followed by Intrathecal Trastuzumab-Pertuzumab for ERBB2-Positive Breast Leptomeningeal Disease JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Kamran A. Ahmed, Priya U. Kumthekar, Yolanda Pina, Youngchul Kim, Michael A. Vogelbaum, Hyo S. Han, Peter A. Forsyth
This nonrandomized controlled trial examines the safety of radiation therapy (RT) followed by intrathecal trastuzumab and pertuzumab for patients with ERBB2-positive breast leptomeningeal disease (LMD).
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Coaches Activating, Reaching, and Engaging Patients to Engage in Advance Care Planning JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Gladys M. Rodriguez, Divya A. Parikh, Kris Kapphahn, Divya M. Gupta, Alice C. Fan, Sumit Shah, Sandy Srinivas, Winifred Teuteberg, Briththa Seevaratnam, Khay Asuncion, Joanne Chien, Kaidi Moore, Shann Mika Ruiz, Manali I. Patel
ImportanceAdvance care planning (ACP) remains low among patients with advanced cancer. Multilevel interventions compared with clinician-level interventions may be more effective in improving ACP.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a multilevel intervention could improve clinician-documented ACP compared with a clinician-level intervention alone.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial
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Intensity-Modulated Reirradiation Therapy With Nivolumab in Recurrent or Second Primary Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Nabil F. Saba, Stuart J. Wong, Tahseen Nasti, Ashley Alesia McCook-Veal, Mark W. McDonald, William A. Stokes, Allyson M. Anderson, Asari Ekpenyong, Manali Rupji, Marin Abousaud, Soumon Rudra, James E. Bates, Jill S. Remick, Nikhil P. Joshi, Neil M. Woody, Musaddiq Awan, Jessica L. Geiger, Aditya Shreenivas, Julia Samsa, Matthew Christopher Ward, Nicole C. Schmitt, Mihir R. Patel, Kristin A. Higgins
ImportanceIntensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reirradiation of nonmetastatic recurrent or second primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) results in poor progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).ObjectiveTo investigate the tolerability, PFS, OS, and patient-reported outcomes with nivolumab (approved standard of care for patients with HNSCC) during and after IMRT
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Dual Checkpoint Inhibition in Melanoma With ≥1% PD-L1—Time to Reassess the Evidence JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Marco Donia, Vinay Prasad
This Viewpoint discusses use of anti–PD-1 monotherapy as the primary treatment option for patients with treatment-naive metastatic melanoma staining positive for PD-L1 over dual checkpoint inhibition therapy.
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Physician and Artificial Intelligence Chatbot Responses to Cancer Questions From Social Media JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 David Chen, Rod Parsa, Andrew Hope, Breffni Hannon, Ernie Mak, Lawson Eng, Fei-Fei Liu, Nazanin Fallah-Rad, Ann M. Heesters, Srinivas Raman
ImportanceArtificial intelligence (AI) chatbots pose the opportunity to draft template responses to patient questions. However, the ability of chatbots to generate responses based on domain-specific knowledge of cancer remains to be tested.ObjectiveTo evaluate the competency of AI chatbots (GPT-3.5 [chatbot 1], GPT-4 [chatbot 2], and Claude AI [chatbot 3]) to generate high-quality, empathetic, and
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Axillary Surgery for Chemoresidual (ypN-Positive) Nodal Disease JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Eric D. Brooks, Adeline M. Deladisma, Christopher G. Morris, Erin M. Mobley, Leigh A. Neumayer, Julie A. Bradley, Raymond B. Mailhot Vega
This cohort study using pooled data from 2 randomized clinical trials examines whether removing more lymph nodes with axillary lymph node dissection improved outcomes over sentinel lymph node biopsy when most patients received adjuvant radiation therapy or regional nodal irradiation.
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Systemic Anticancer Therapy and Overall Survival in Patients With Very Advanced Solid Tumors JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Maureen E. Canavan, Xiaoliang Wang, Mustafa S. Ascha, Rebecca A. Miksad, Timothy N. Showalter, Gregory S. Calip, Cary P. Gross, Kerin B. Adelson
ImportanceTwo prominent organizations, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the National Quality Forum (NQF), have developed a cancer quality metric aimed at reducing systemic anticancer therapy administration at the end of life. This metric, NQF 0210 (patients receiving chemotherapy in the last 14 days of life), has been critiqued for focusing only on care for decedents and not including
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Comprehensive Bridging Radiotherapy for Limited Pre-CART Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Omran Saifi, William G. Breen, William G. Rule, Yi Lin, Javier Munoz, Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja, Jennifer L. Peterson
This cohort study examines the role of comprehensive bridging radiotherapy in the setting of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
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Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer and Combination Treatment Outcomes JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Maha Hussain, Karim Fizazi, Neal D. Shore, Isabel Heidegger, Matthew R. Smith, Bertrand Tombal, Fred Saad
ImportanceMetastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer is currently an incurable disease. Despite a high response rate to androgen-deprivation therapy, most cases progress to castration-resistant disease, the terminal phase. This review provides a summary of the most recent evidence for current and emerging management strategies, including treatment intensification with combinations of therapies. It
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Precision Colorectal Cancer Fecal Immunological Test Screening With Fecal-Hemoglobin-Concentration–Guided Interscreening Intervals JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Chen-Yang Hsu, Ting-Yu Lin, Chiu-Wen Su, Han-Mo Chiu, Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen, Sam Li-Sheng Chen
ImportanceGiven a gradient relationship between fecal hemoglobin (f-Hb) concentration and colorectal neoplasia demonstrated previously, using f-Hb–guided interscreening interval has increasingly gained attention in population-based fecal immunological test (FIT), but it is very rare to address how to implement such a precision strategy and whether it can economize the use of FIT and colonoscopy.ObjectiveTo
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Dose-Adjusted EPOCH Plus Inotuzumab Ozogamicin in Adults With Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell ALL JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Noam E. Kopmar, Kim Quach, Ted A. Gooley, Christen H. Martino, Sindhu Cherian, Mary-Elizabeth M. Percival, Anna B. Halpern, Cristina M. Ghiuzeli, Vivian G. Oehler, Janis L. Abkowitz, Roland B. Walter, Ryan D. Cassaday
ImportanceOptions for adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma (B-ALL) are limited, and new approaches are needed. Inotuzumab ozogamicin (InO) has been combined with low-intensity chemotherapy, with modest improvements over historical controls, and dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin (DA-EPOCH) treatment is safe
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Watch and Wait for Near-Complete Responders—A Word of Caution JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 José G. Guillem, Dimitrios N. Varvoglis
This Viewpoint discusses the establishment of a cutoff point as the watch and wait approach is increasingly used in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
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Longer Interval Between First Colonoscopy With Negative Findings for Colorectal Cancer and Repeat Colonoscopy JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Qunfeng Liang, Trasias Mukama, Kristina Sundquist, Jan Sundquist, Hermann Brenner, Elham Kharazmi, Mahdi Fallah
ImportanceFor individuals without a family history of colorectal cancer (CRC), colonoscopy screening every 10 years is recommended to reduce CRC incidence and mortality. However, debate exists about whether and for how long this 10-year interval could be safely expanded.ObjectiveTo assess how many years after a first colonoscopy with findings negative for CRC a second colonoscopy can be performed.Design
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Genetic Testing in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Pedro C. Barata, Jonathan Assayag, Benjamin Li, Gordon Siu, Alexander Niyazov
This cross-sectional study assesses homologous recombination repair mutation genetic testing and associated characteristics among men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
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Measurable Residual FLT3 Internal Tandem Duplication Before Allogeneic Transplant for Acute Myeloid Leukemia JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Laura W. Dillon, Gege Gui, Niveditha Ravindra, Georgia Andrew, Devdeep Mukherjee, Zoë C. Wong, Ying Huang, Jason Gerhold, Matt Holman, Julian D’Angelo, Jeffrey Miller, Jake Higgins, Jesse J. Salk, Jeffery J. Auletta, Firas El Chaer, Steven M. Devine, Antonio Martin Jimenez-Jimenez, Marcos J. G. De Lima, Mark R. Litzow, Partow Kebriaei, Wael Saber, Stephen R. Spellman, Scott L. Zeger, Kristin M. Page
ImportancePersistence of FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) in adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (CR) prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is associated with increased relapse and death after transplant, but the association between the level of measurable residual disease (MRD) detected and clinical outcome is unknown.ObjectiveTo examine the
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Postoperative Hypofractionated Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy With Concurrent Chemotherapy in Cervical Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Won Kyung Cho, Won Park, Sang-Won Kim, Kang Kyu Lee, Ki Jung Ahn, Jin Hwa Choi
ImportanceProspective data assessing the safety of hypofractionated (40 Gy in 16 fractions) radiotherapy (RT) among patients who receive postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer are lacking.ObjectiveTo evaluate the acute toxic effects of hypofractionated pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with concurrent chemotherapy among women with cervical cancer who underwent radical
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Omission of Axillary Dissection Following Nodal Downstaging With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Giacomo Montagna, Mary M. Mrdutt, Susie X. Sun, Callie Hlavin, Emilia J. Diego, Stephanie M. Wong, Andrea V. Barrio, Astrid Botty van den Bruele, Neslihan Cabioglu, Varadan Sevilimedu, Laura H. Rosenberger, E. Shelley Hwang, Abigail Ingham, Bärbel Papassotiropoulos, Bich Doan Nguyen-Sträuli, Christian Kurzeder, Danilo Díaz Aybar, Denise Vorburger, Dieter Michael Matlac, Edvin Ostapenko, Fabian Riedel
ImportanceData on oncological outcomes after omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with breast cancer that downstages from node positive to negative with neoadjuvant chemotherapy are sparse. Additionally, the best axillary surgical staging technique in this scenario is unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate oncological outcomes after sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with dual-tracer
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Gefitinib vs Gefitinib Plus Pemetrexed and Carboplatin Chemotherapy in EGFR-Variant Lung Cancer—Long-Term Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Vanita Noronha, Vijay Patil, Nandini Menon, Minit Shah, Anuradha Chougule, Zoya Peelay, Kumar Prabhash
This randomized clinical trial examines whether adding chemotherapy with pemetrexed and carboplatin to gefitinib improves survival among patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–variant non–small cell lung cancer.
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T-Cell Malignant Neoplasms After Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Ryan Storgard, Kai Rejeski, Miguel-Angel Perales, Adam Goldman, Roni Shouval
This cohort study assesses the increase in second primary malignant neoplasms and T-cell malignant neoplasm cases associated with chimeric antigen receptor–T cells.
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Policy Priorities in Cancer Care for Transgender People JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Alicia C. Smart, Michael J. Yunes, Karen M. Winkfield
This Viewpoint calls for health care systems, oncologists, and staff to prioritize and adopt policies that are inclusive and respectful of transgender patients with cancer.
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Adherence to American Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines Among Cancer Survivors JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Carter Baughman, Kathryn Norman, Kenneth Mukamal
ImportanceThe American Cancer Society’s (ACS’s) nutrition and physical activity guidelines are intended to reduce morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors, but to our knowledge, adherence to these guidelines has not been systematically quantified.ObjectiveTo evaluate adherence to and factors associated with adherence to lifestyle modification guidelines among cancer survivors.Design, Setting
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Allogeneic CD19/CD22 CAR T-Cell Therapy for B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Laurent Phely, Luca Hensen, Christoph Faul, Christer Alexander Ruff, Dina Schneider, Wolfgang Andreas Bethge, Claudia Lengerke
This case series reports durable remissions in 2 patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with allogeneic bispecific CD19/CD22-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T cells.
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Patient-Reported Outcomes as a Recruitment Strategy for Clinical Trial Enrollment JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Nicholas P. Verdini, Karolina L. Bryl, Raymond E. Baser, Kaitlyn Lapen, Jun J. Mao, Erin F. Gillespie
ImportanceClinical trials are critical for progress in oncology; however, only 5% of the adult cancer population participates. Harnessing data that are routinely collected (ie, electronic patient-reported outcomes [ePROs]) may serve as a method to promote trial enrollment.ObjectiveTo evaluate if an ePRO-prompted recruitment strategy is associated with increased clinical trial enrollment.Design, Setting
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American Radium Society Appropriate Use Criteria for Unresectable Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 George Rodrigues, Kristin A. Higgins, Andreas Rimner, Arya Amini, Joe Y. Chang, Stephen G. Chun, Jessica Donington, Martin J. Edelman, Matthew A. Gubens, Puneeth Iyengar, Benjamin Movsas, Matthew S. Ning, Henry S. Park, Andrea Wolf, Charles B. Simone
ImportanceThe treatment of locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) has been informed by more than 5 decades of clinical trials and other relevant literature. However, controversies remain regarding the application of various radiation and systemic therapies in commonly encountered clinical scenarios.ObjectiveTo develop case-referenced consensus and evidence-based guidelines to inform
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Second Primary Breast Cancer in Young Breast Cancer Survivors JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Kristen D. Brantley, Shoshana M. Rosenberg, Laura C. Collins, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Rulla M. Tamimi, Lidia Schapira, Virginia F. Borges, Ellen Warner, Steven E. Come, Yue Zheng, Gregory J. Kirkner, Craig Snow, Eric P. Winer, Ann H. Partridge
ImportanceAmong women diagnosed with primary breast cancer (BC) at or younger than age 40 years, prior data suggest that their risk of a second primary BC (SPBC) is higher than that of women who are older when they develop a first primary BC.ObjectiveTo estimate cumulative incidence and characterize risk factors of SPBC among young patients with BC.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsParticipants were
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Prostate Cancer Screening JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Tamás Fazekas, Sung Ryul Shim, Giuseppe Basile, Michael Baboudjian, Tamás Kói, Mikolaj Przydacz, Mohammad Abufaraj, Guillaume Ploussard, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Juan Gómez Rivas, Giorgio Gandaglia, Tibor Szarvas, Ivo G. Schoots, Roderick C. N. van den Bergh, Michael S. Leapman, Péter Nyirády, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Pawel Rajwa
ImportanceProstate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly integrated within the prostate cancer (PCa) early detection pathway.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the existing evidence regarding screening pathways incorporating MRI with targeted biopsy and assess their diagnostic value compared with prostate-specific antigen (PSA)–based screening with systematic biopsy strategies.Data SourcesPubMed/MEDLINE
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Ovarian Cancer Isn’t Just a White Woman’s Disease JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Anna Jo Bodurtha Smith, Elizabeth A. Howell, Emily M. Ko
This Viewpoint highlights the need for recognition that ovarian cancer affects women from racial and ethnic minority groups worldwide and that the rates of ovarian cancer are increasing in those populations while decreasing among White women.
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Clinical Value of Molecular Targets and FDA-Approved Genome-Targeted Cancer Therapies JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Ariadna Tibau, Thomas J. Hwang, Consolacion Molto, Jerry Avorn, Aaron S. Kesselheim
ImportanceThe number of new genome-targeted cancer drugs has increased, offering the possibility of personalized therapy, often at a very high cost.ObjectiveTo assess the validity of molecular targets and therapeutic benefits of US Food and Drug Administration–approved genome-targeted cancer drugs based on the outcomes of their corresponding pivotal clinical trials.Design and SettingsIn this cohort
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Tumor Intrinsic Subtypes and Gene Expression Signatures in Early-Stage ERBB2/HER2-Positive Breast Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Aranzazu Fernandez-Martinez, Mattia Rediti, Gong Tang, Tomás Pascual, Katherine A. Hoadley, David Venet, Naim U. Rashid, Patricia A. Spears, Md N. Islam, Sarra El-Abed, Judith Bliss, Matteo Lambertini, Serena Di Cosimo, Jens Huobe, David Goerlitz, Rong Hu, Peter C. Lucas, Sandra M. Swain, Christos Sotiriou, Charles M. Perou, Lisa A. Carey
ImportanceBiologic features may affect pathologic complete response (pCR) and event-free survival (EFS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus ERBB2/HER2 blockade in ERBB2/HER2-positive early breast cancer (EBC).ObjectiveTo define the quantitative association between pCR and EFS by intrinsic subtype and by other gene expression signatures in a pooled analysis of 3 phase 3 trials: CALGB 40601, NeoALTTO
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Neoadjuvant Dual Checkpoint Inhibitors vs Anti-PD1 Therapy in High-Risk Resectable Melanoma JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Ankit Mangla, Chanmi Lee, Matthew M. Mirsky, Margaret Wang, Luke D. Rothermel, Richard Hoehn, Jeremy S. Bordeaux, Bryan T. Carrol, Jason Theuner, Shawn Li, Pingfu Fu, John M. Kirkwood
ImportanceDespite the clear potential benefits of neoadjuvant therapy, the optimal neoadjuvant regimen for patients with high-risk resectable melanoma (HRRM) is not known.ObjectiveTo compare the safety and efficacy of dual checkpoint inhibitors with anti–programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD1) therapy in a neoadjuvant setting among patients with HRRM.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this pooled
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Physical Activity Using a Wearable Device as an Alternative to Performance Status in Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Kentaro Ito, Yuta Suzuki, Tadashi Sakaguchi, Kentaro Fujiwara, Yoichi Nishii, Hiroki Yasui, Osamu Taguchi, Osamu Hataji
ImportanceThe Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) is extensively used to guide treatment decisions in patients with advanced lung cancer. However, its assessment is subjective, potentially leading to discordance among observers.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between measured physical activity and ECOG PS, as well as the potential prognostic value of physical activity
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Cancer Care in the Era of Artificial Intelligence JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Matthew Kurian, Jacob J. Adashek, Howard (Jack) West
This JAMA Oncology Patient Page explains artifical intelligence and what patients should know about how it can be used in oncology.
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Machine Learning–Based Prediction of Hospitalization During Chemoradiotherapy With Daily Step Counts JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Isabel D. Friesner, Jean Feng, Shalom Kalnicki, Madhur Garg, Nitin Ohri, Julian C. Hong
ImportanceToxic effects of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) can cause treatment interruptions and hospitalizations, reducing treatment efficacy and increasing health care costs. Physical activity monitoring may enable early identification of patients at high risk for hospitalization who may benefit from proactive intervention.ObjectiveTo develop and validate machine learning (ML) approaches based
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Analysis and Optimization of Equitable US Cancer Clinical Trial Center Access by Travel Time JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Hassal Lee, Alexander Shakeel Bates, Shawneequa Callier, Michael Chan, Nyasha Chambwe, Andrea Marshall, Mary Beth Terry, Karen Winkfield, Tobias Janowitz
ImportanceRacially minoritized and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations are currently underrepresented in clinical trials. Data-driven, quantitative analyses and strategies are required to help address this inequity.ObjectiveTo systematically analyze the geographical distribution of self-identified racial and socioeconomic demographics within commuting distance to cancer clinical trial centers
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PARP Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Treatment JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Stefania Morganti, Antonio Marra, Carmine De Angelis, Angela Toss, Luca Licata, Federica Giugliano,, Beatrice Taurelli Salimbeni, Pier Paolo Maria Berton Giachetti, Angela Esposito, Antonio Giordano, Giampaolo Bianchini, Judy E. Garber, Giuseppe Curigliano, Filipa Lynce, Carmen Criscitiello
ImportancePoly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of patients with germline BRCA1/2-associated breast cancer, representing the first targeted therapy capable of improving outcomes in patients with hereditary tumors. However, resistance to PARP inhibitors occurs in almost all patients.ObservationsThis narrative review summarizes the biological
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The Ethics of Hope—A Moral Imperative for Oncologists JAMA Oncol. (IF 22.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Benjamin W. Corn, David B. Feldman
This Viewpoint suggests that giving patients with terminal cancer unrealistic hope based only on cure is ethically inferior to redirecting patients toward noncurative goals and noncancer-related hope.