During the past year, four studies have reported ten mutations in UNC93B1, which encodes the Toll-like receptor (TLR) chaperone protein UNC93B1. All variants increased TLR7 and TLR8 signalling and caused systemic lupus erythematosus in young individuals, and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting TLR7 and TLR8 in this disease.

Correction to: Nature Reviews Rheumatology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-024-01163-z, published online 2 October 2024.

In an open-label clinical trial, collagenase injection was not noninferior to limited fasciectomy for the treatment of Dupuytren contracture.

The presence of anti-IFI16 autoantibodies in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is linked to poor prognosis and could inform treatment.

Findings from an observational study suggest that the frequency of uveitis in patients with spondyloarthritis has declined since the introduction of biologic DMARDs.

In a subset of monocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus, internalization of mitochondria-retaining red blood cells leads to type I interferon-mediated IL-1β release.

New research demonstrates a key role for osmo-sensitive LRRC8 anion channels in crystal-induced inflammation.

Synovial fibroblasts from individuals with OA release small extracellular vesicles with potentially pathogenic miRNA cargo.

Consistent with findings from clinical trials, in a retrospective cohort study, Janus kinase inhibitors improved pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis as well as or better than biologic DMARDs in clinical practice.

Neoself-antigens presented by MHC-II molecules in the absence of invariant chain drive clonal expansion of autoreactive T cells in SLE.

The bispecific T cell engager antibody teclistamab has now been used to successfully treat five patients with treatment-resistant autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

A study has compared the safety and efficacy of three different immunomodulatory drugs combined with glucocorticoids for the treatment of Behçet uveitis.

New classification criteria for axial disease in juvenile spondyloarthritis aim to enhance the identification and study of this condition in affected youth, offering a tool for future non-interventional studies and interventional trials. Better understanding of the efficacy of various interventions in the axial domain could help tailor treatment strategies.

Findings show a role for the PU.1–IL-9 axis in TH9 cells in the pathogenesis of RA.

Correction to: Nature Reviews Rheumatology https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-024-01130-8, published online 16 July 2024.

Researchers have identified a mechanistic link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, providing evidence for the involvement of molecular mimicry.

New findings reveal a potential mechanism by which Helicobacter pylori exacerbates rheumatoid arthritis

The first guidelines for the screening, monitoring and treatment of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) are now available after a major multidisciplinary effort by the ACR and the American College of Chest Physicians. These guidelines demonstrate that multidisciplinary collaborations can improve SARD-ILD management.

Autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus preferentially affect women, and multiple hypotheses are under investigation to elucidate this phenomenon. Emerging research suggests that multiple pathophysiological mechanisms and pathways are likely involved, including several that involve the X chromosome, but is skewing of X chromosome inactivation one of them?

In a new study, researchers use M2 macrophage exosomes and membranes to disguise a tri-drug-carrying nanosystem that reduces inflammation and urate levels in rats with gouty arthritis.

Increasing diversity in genomic studies is essential to advance precision medicine and health equity in rheumatic diseases. Addressing structural and logistical barriers to include underrepresented populations, particularly in Africa and Latin America, could improve our understanding of rheumatic diseases and lead to better healthcare outcomes for all.

The PDZ domain-containing scaffold protein PDZK1 is downregulated in osteoarthritic chondrocytes and is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and chondrocyte senescence.

Cognitive behavioural therapy, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), is recommended as part of a multimodal approach to the management of fibromyalgia. The phase III PROSPER-FM trial has now shown that a self-guided smartphone-based ACT programme is safe and improves clinical outcomes in adults with fibromyalgia. ACT aims to enhance patients’ capacity to adapt to challenges and achieve

Early data indicate that allogeneic CAR T cell therapy targeting B cells is a scalable and safe therapeutic strategy in refractory autoimmunity.

Two studies have identified variants of UNC93B1 that are associated with enhanced TLR7 and TLR8 activity and the development of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Treatment with the endogenous metabolite itaconate induced phenotypic and metabolic changes in fibroblast-like synoviocytes and reduced the severity of arthritis in an animal model.

New findings identify HSP60 and other synovial stromal-derived autoantigens as targets for pathogenic autoantibodies, exacerbating arthritis and serving as potential biomarkers.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells protect against kidney inflammation in lupus nephritis, and enhancing their adhesion via integrin α4β7 upregulation, particularly through IL-33 treatment, could be a promising therapeutic approach.

FNIP1- and TFEB-dependent secretion of IGF2 by dystrophic muscles contributes to muscle–bone crosstalk.

Ageing and excessive mechanical strain on the articular cartilage have both been associated with the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Cartilage degeneration in OA involves a senescent phenotype of chondrocytes, as well as modifications of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Research published in Bone Research investigates how mechanical signals in the form of altered ECM stiffness might lead to

The bispecific T cell engager (BiTE) blinatumomab showed promising clinical efficacy in a pilot study of six patients with multidrug-resistant rheumatoid arthritis.

A wearable smart device that uses reconfigurable electronics and conductive polymer-based microneedles was able to monitor inflammation and provide transdermal drug delivery and electrical stimulation in a rat model of arthritis.

Researchers have introduced the term ‘MDA5-autoimmunity and interstitial pneumonitis contemporaneous with the COVID-19 pandemic’ (MIP-C) to describe cases of MDA5 autoimmunity that surged during the COVID-19 pandemic.