Objective To examine the influence of postpartum exercise on maternal depression and anxiety. Design Systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. Data sources Online databases up to 12 January 2024, reference lists, recommended studies and hand searches. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomised interventions of any publication date or language were included if they contained information on the Population (postpartum people), Intervention (subjective or objective measures of frequency, intensity, duration, volume, type, or mode of delivery of exercise), Comparator (no exercise or different exercise measures), and Outcome (postpartum depression, anxiety prevalence, and/or symptom severity). Results A total of 35 studies (n=4072) were included. Moderate certainty evidence from RCTs showed that exercise-only interventions reduced the severity of postpartum depressive symptoms (19 RCTs, n=1778, SMD: −0.52, 95% CI −0.80 to –0.24, I2=86%, moderate effect size) and anxiety symptoms (2 RCTs, n=513, SMD: −0.25, 95% CI −0.43 to −0.08, I2=0%, small effect size), and the odds of postpartum depression by 45% (4 RCTs, n=303 OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.95, I2=0%) compared with no exercise. No included studies assessed the impact of postpartum exercise on the odds of postpartum anxiety. To achieve at least a moderate reduction in the severity of postpartum depressive symptoms, postpartum individuals needed to accumulate at least 350 MET-min/week of exercise (eg, 80 min of moderate intensity exercise such as brisk walking, water aerobics, stationary cycling or resistance training). Conclusions Postpartum exercise reduced the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms and the odds of postpartum depression. Data are available upon reasonable request.

中文翻译：

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产后身体活动对产妇抑郁和焦虑的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析


目的 探讨产后运动对产妇抑郁和焦虑的影响。设计 系统评价与随机效应荟萃分析和荟萃回归。数据来源 截至 2024 年 1 月 12 日的在线数据库、参考文献列表、推荐研究和手工检索。纳入纳入资格标准随机对照试验 （RCT） 和任何出版日期或语言的非随机干预，如果它们包含以下信息：人群（产后人群）、干预（运动的频率、强度、持续时间、数量、类型或方式的主观或客观测量）、对照（不运动或不同的运动测量）和结局（产后抑郁、焦虑患病率、 和/或症状严重程度）。结果 共纳入 35 项研究 （n=4072）。来自随机对照试验的中等质量证据表明，仅运动干预降低了产后抑郁症状的严重程度（19 项随机对照试验，n=1778，SMD：-0.52,95% CI -0.80 至 -0.24，I2=86%，中等效应量）和焦虑症状（2 项随机对照试验，n=513，SMD：-0.25,95% CI -0.43 至 -0.08，I2=0%，小效应量），并将产后抑郁的几率降低了 45%（4 项随机对照试验， n=303 或 0.55,95% CI 0.32 至 0.95，I2=0%）与不运动相比。没有纳入的研究评估产后运动对产后焦虑几率的影响。为了至少适度降低产后抑郁症状的严重程度，产后个体需要积累至少 350 MET-min/周的运动（例如，80 分钟的中等强度运动，如快走、水中有氧运动、固定自行车或阻力训练）。结论 产后运动降低了抑郁和焦虑症状的严重程度以及产后抑郁的几率。 数据可根据合理要求提供。