OBJECTIVE To examine the magnitude of placebo response in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of medications for Tourette disorder (TD). METHOD We searched CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, WHO ICTRP and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify placebo-controlled RCTs assessing pharmacological interventions for TD. Standardized mean change (SMC) and standardized mean difference were calculated

OBJECTIVE This study reports 3-year effects of a parent-teen cognitive/behavioral treatment for adolescent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), blended with Motivational Interviewing (Supporting Teens' Autonomy Daily [STAND]), vs Usual Care (UC) in 4 community clinics. METHOD This was a randomized clinical trial with double randomization of adolescents and therapists to STAND vs UC. Participants

OBJECTIVE Youth criminal justice systems are under growing pressure to reduce re-offending behaviour and support young people's health and developmental needs. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to synthesise evidence for two prominent community-based interventions for delinquent and antisocial behaviour, multisystemic therapy (MST) and functional family therapy (FFT). METHOD We searched

OBJECTIVE Offspring of mothers with depression are at increased risk for executive function (EF) deficits and later depressive symptoms, but limited studies have examined EF as an intermediary pathway. This study examined the role of EF in mediating the association between maternal and child depressive symptoms. METHOD Data were from a longitudinal birth cohort comprising 739 participants followed

OBJECTIVE We tested whether the implementation of standardized, high-fidelity screening for autism during routine well-child check-ups results in the following: increasing the number of children with suspected autism referred to diagnostic evaluation; lowering the age at which they are referred; and facilitating autism diagnosis for children across a more diverse range of demographic backgrounds and

In this Letter to the Editor, we examine a case of catatonia in a 37-month-old child with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-positive acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). To our knowledge, this is one of the youngest cases of non-drug-related catatonia reported in the literature.1,2 We will discuss how this patient's symptoms of catatonia responded to pharmacologic interventions

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth are at disproportionately higher rates of being involved in the youth legal system compared to their heterosexual and cisgender peers.1-3 Research highlights that mental health symptoms and suicidal ideation and behavior are more common among SGM legally involved youth (LIY) compared to LIY who are not SGM,4 which calls upon the urgent need to build research efforts

The influence of caregivers on child and adolescent development and psychopathology risk is well documented over decades of research. However, for far too long, the focus has been squarely on mothers; it has treated fathers as indirect or secondary influences on their children's development, and paternal psychopathology, parenting practices, or attachment relationships have received relatively limited

OBJECTIVE The self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is widely used globally; hence, the validity of the intergroup comparisons is essential. This study examined the structure of the self-report SDQ in a large multinational adolescent sample, tested its measurement invariance across genders and countries, and compared youth mental health in 12 European and Asian countries. METHOD

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of youth with mania are very challenging to conduct, given the low base rate of bipolar disorder (BD) and the relative rarity of mania (vs bipolar depression, which tends to be much more common). Thus, many of the RCTs are relatively small, and it may be difficult to clinically interpret results. At the same time, findings about which anti-manic medications are most

OBJECTIVE Nearly 65% of youth experience trauma, and up to one-third of youth with trauma exposure face profound mental health sequelae. There remains a need to elucidate factors that contribute to psychopathology following trauma exposure, and to optimize interventions for youth who do not benefit sufficiently from existing treatments. Here, we probe safety signal learning (SSL), which is a mechanism

The recent article by Riccioni et al.1 entitled "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Reporting and Representation of Race/Ethnicity in 310 Randomized Controlled Trials of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Medications" highlights the gaps and disparities in the inclusion and reporting of racial and ethnic data in clinical research, using the example of research on attention-deficit/hyperactivity

Research and clinical application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) has advanced slowly. Significant gaps persist in our understanding of optimized, age-specific protocols and dosing strategies. This study aimed to compare the clinical effects of 1 Hz versus 10 Hz TMS regimens and examine a biomarker-informed treatment approach with glutamatergic

This observational study compared children with and without binge eating (BE) on biobehavioral measures of reward responsiveness, inhibitory control, and emotion processes, while accounting for the impact of weight.

In April 2023, a distinguished panel of scientists, advocates, and child health policy experts convened by the American Enterprise Institute (AEI) issued a report entitled, "Why Foster Children Are Sleeping in Offices and What We Can Do About It."1 It concluded that the 2018 Family First Prevention Services Act (FFPSA), which was intended to protect children and adolescents from hazards of institutional

The most important predictor of bipolar disorder (BD) onset is a family history. Based on this premise, several offspring studies have recruited and followed offspring of parents with BD into early adulthood, including the Pittsburgh Bipolar Offspring Study, the Canadian Flourish Cohort, and the Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study (DBOS).1-3 These studies have shed important light on the incidence and prevalence

We carried out the first systematic review assessing if assessment of blinding was conducted in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating medications for ADHD. We analyzed 161 double-blind RCTs of ADHD medications. We found only 1 RCT in which participants' awareness of study arm allocation was assessed and reported. Our findings are not meant to invalidate the evidence on the benefits of ADHD

To examine recent trends in clinical diagnoses of children and adolescents receiving treatment in publicly funded mental health treatment services in the United States.

Suicides continue to increase among youth, with substantial disparities among Black youth. Culturally responsive evidence-based interventions for Black youth are urgently needed to disrupt these inequities. This study aimed to identify evidence-based psychotherapy interventions for suicidal thoughts and behaviors among Black youth and examine how existing intervention manuals have integrated culturally

Few studies have explored the interplay of how individual identity, parental, familial, and contextual factors impact associations between Latinx adolescent adversities and psychopathology. This study aimed to examine whether these factors mediate the relationship between adversities and psychopathology in Latinx youth.

To systematically evaluate the measurement properties of 12 patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to measure depression symptom severity in adolescents with depression. Depression symptom severity was chosen as the outcome of focus given its importance as an outcome to measure in adolescents with depression across clinical trials and/or care.

To examine individual and contextual characteristics associated with receipt of mental health treatment prior to youth suicide. Data from the US National Violent Death Reporting System, Area Health Resource File, and Social Vulnerability Index were used to examine characteristics associated with receipt of mental health treatment within 2 months before death among youth suicide decedents aged 5 to

To compare second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and mood stabilizers (MSs) in youth with a bipolar disorder type I (BD-I) manic/mixed episode. A systematic PubMed/Embase/PsycInfo literature search until December 31, 2023, for randomized trials of SGAs or MSs in patients ≤18 years of age with BD-I manic/mixed episode was conducted. The study included a network meta-analysis comparing treatments regarding

The aim of the current study was to identify the age at which sexual orientation disparity in mental health diagnoses can be first identified, as well as gender and sexual identity subgroup differences in such treatment, in a population-based sample. Young people aged 16 to 25 (N = 10,406) participating in the probability-based Swedish National Public Health Survey in 2018 were included. This sample

We currently face a national crisis in youth mental health and well-being and significant child behavioral health inequities. Addressing social determinants is a primary approach to achieving health equity. Social determinants of mental health (SDoMH) impact every child across the mental health services continuum, with inequities driven by discrimination across social class, race, gender, sexual orientation

Clinically anxious youth are hypervigilant to emotional stimuli and display difficulty shifting attention from emotional to nonemotional stimuli, suggesting impairments in cognitive control over emotion. However, it is unknown whether the neural substrates of such biases vary across the clinical-to-nonclinical range of anxiety or by age. Youth aged 7 to 17 years with clinical anxiety (n = 119) or without

We present results from a 2-site, randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy of a brief intervention (As Safe As Possible [ASAP]), a safety plan phone application (BRITE), and their combination on suicide attempts, suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury, re-hospitalizations. and suicidal events among adolescents. Adolescents (n= 240; 12-17 years of age) who were hospitalized for suicidal

To examine longitudinal associations between early life threat and deprivation on epigenetic age acceleration at ages 9 and 15 years, and to examine associations of age acceleration on later internalizing and externalizing symptoms. The study examines a large (n = 2,039) and racially diverse (Black/African American = 44%, Latino = 18%, White = 5%) sample from a national dataset. Epigenetic age acceleration

Naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder show evidence for effectiveness for specific social communication targets such as joint attention or engagement. However, combining evidence from different studies and comparing intervention effects across those studies have not been feasible due to lack of a standardized outcome measure of broader social

Children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are at risk for long-term adversity, but factors influencing long-term outcomes are unclear. A general factor of psychopathology, often referred to as the factor, captures variance shared by all mental disorders and has predicted long-term outcomes in youth with anxiety and depressive disorders. The factor has never been examined in