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HBcrAg values may predict virological and immunological responses to pegIFN-α in NUC-suppressed HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-20 Andrea Vecchi, Marzia Rossi, Camilla Tiezzi, Paola Fisicaro, Sara Doselli, Elena Adelina Gabor, Amalia Penna, Ilaria Montali, Camilla Ceccatelli Berti, Valentina Reverberi, Anna Montali, Simon P Fletcher, Elisabetta Degasperi, Dana Sambarino, Diletta Laccabue, Floriana Facchetti, Simona Schivazappa, Elisabetta Loggi, Barbara Coco, Daniela Cavallone, Elena Rosselli Del Turco, Marco Massari, Giuseppe
Objective Selected populations of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) may benefit from a combined use of pegylated interferon-alpha (pegIFN-α) and nucleos(t)ides (NUCs). The aim of our study was to assess the immunomodulatory effect of pegIFN-α on T and natural killer (NK) cell responses in NUC-suppressed patients to identify cellular and/or serological parameters to predict better T cell-restoring
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Rare cause of liver lesion in a patient with ulcerative colitis Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-20 Cong Dai, Yu-hong Huang
A 26-year-old man was diagnosed with a 4-month history of ulcerative colitis. At the time of diagnosis, an abdominal CT showed a thickened colorectum (figure 1A) and a normal liver (figure 1B). He was started on mesalazine 4 g/day and received this for approximately 2 months without therapeutic benefit. He clinically deteriorated and was admitted to the hospital with a fever of up to 38.5°C daily,
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Faecal proteomics links neutrophil degranulation with mortality in patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-20 Henriette Kreimeyer, Carlos G Gonzalez, Marcos F Fondevila, Cynthia L Hsu, Phillipp Hartmann, Xinlian Zhang, Peter Stärkel, Francisco Bosques-Padilla, Elizabeth C Verna, Juan G Abraldes, Robert S Brown, Victor Vargas, Jose Altamirano, Juan Caballería, Debbie L Shawcross, Alexandre Louvet, Michael R Lucey, Philippe Mathurin, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Ramón Bataller, AlcHepNet Investigators, David J Gonzalez
Objective Patients with alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) have a high mortality. Alcohol exacerbates liver damage by inducing gut dysbiosis, bacterial translocation and inflammation, which is characterised by increased numbers of circulating and hepatic neutrophils. Design In this study, we performed tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics to analyse proteins in the faeces of controls (n=19), patients with
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Multiple gastrointestinal polyps with unique appearance Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Yi-Le Xie, Ji-Lin Wang, Jing-Yuan Fang
A 41-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of acid reflux. Physical examination revealed a head circumference of 61 cm, multiple hyperkeratotic papules on the face and palms, bilateral buccal mucosa hypertrophy and numerous pedunculated tags in the armpits (figure 1A-D). Endoscopy revealed granular mucosa throughout the entire stomach and duodenum with multiple polyps, and the pathology showed
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Cellular immunotherapies and immune cell depleting therapies in inflammatory bowel diseases: the next magic bullet? Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Markus Friedrich Neurath, Bruce Eric Sands, Florian Rieder
Despite significant advances in biologic and small molecule treatments and the emergence of combination therapies to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) a large unmet need remains to control intestinal inflammation. New approaches targeting several pathways simultaneously with a favorable safety profile and agents that trigger anti-inflammatory pathways to drive durable resolution of inflammation
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Sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease: a paradoxical relationship? Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Johannes R Hov
The close association between primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an important starting point to understand PSC but may also be of interest to understand IBD. In Gut , Bedtke et al present an extensive set of experiments designed to test the impact of sclerosing cholangitis on IBD.1 The results show that both genetic and induced sclerosing cholangitis lead to
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Reassessing gastroscopy practices: the need for improved methodology and interpretation Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Jia Xu, Xiaowei Tang
We read with great interest the recent publication by Beaton et al on the diagnostic yield of symptomatic gastroscopies in the UK.1 While this study provided valuable insights into the efficiency of gastroscopy practices, several methodological concerns warrant further discussion, particularly regarding the study’s approach to symptom categorisation. One notable limitation of this study is its reliance
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KLHL21 suppresses gastric tumourigenesis via maintaining STAT3 signalling equilibrium in stomach homoeostasis Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Xiao-Bo Huang, Qiang Huang, Mei-Chen Jiang, Qing Zhong, Hua-Long Zheng, Jia-Bin Wang, Ze-Ning Huang, Hua-Gen Wang, Zhi-Yu Liu, Yi-Fan Li, Kai-Xiang Xu, Mi Lin, Ping Li, Zhi-Hong Huang, Jian-Wei Xie, Jian-Xian Lin, Jun Lu, Jian-Wen Que, Chao-Hui Zheng, Qi-Yue Chen, Chang-Ming Huang
Objective Precancerous metaplasia transition to dysplasia poses a risk for subsequent intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma. However, the molecular basis underlying the transformation from metaplastic to cancerous cells remains poorly understood. Design An integrated analysis of genes associated with metaplasia, dysplasia was conducted, verified and characterised in the gastric tissues of patients
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Intron-mediated enhancement of SPINK1 expression for pancreatitis therapy Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Gergő Berke, Miklós Sahin-Tóth
We have read with great interest and excitement the article by Wang et al ,1 in which the authors demonstrated that pancreatic overexpression of the human trypsin inhibitor SPINK1 (serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1, also known as pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor) via an adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector significantly improved pancreatitis severity and outcomes in preclinical mouse models
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Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia after acute gastroenteritis: systematic review and meta-analysis Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-16 Serena Porcari, Maria Rosa Ingrosso, Marcello Maida, Leonardo Henry Eusebi, Christopher Black, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota, Alexander Charles Ford, Gianluca Ianiro
Objective Disorders of gut-brain interaction may arise after acute gastroenteritis. Data on the influence of pathogen type on the risk of postinfection IBS (PI-IBS), as on postinfection functional dyspepsia (PI-FD), are limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine prevalence of PI-IBS or PI-FD after acute gastroenteritis. Design We included observational studies recruiting
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Integrated metagenomic and metabolomic analysis reveals distinctive stage-specific gut-microbiome-derived metabolites in intracranial aneurysms Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-13 Haitao Sun, Kaijian Sun, Hao Tian, Xiheng Chen, Shixing Su, Yi Tu, Shilan Chen, Jiaxuan Wang, Meichang Peng, Meiqin Zeng, Xin Li, Yunhao Luo, Yugu Xie, Xin Feng, Zhuang Li, Xin Zhang, Xifeng Li, Yanchao Liu, Wei Ye, Zhengrui Chen, Zhaohua Zhu, Youxiang Li, Fangbo Xia, Hongwei Zhou, Chuanzhi Duan
Objective Our study aimed to explore the influence of gut microbiota and their metabolites on intracranial aneurysms (IA) progression and pinpoint-related metabolic biomarkers derived from the gut microbiome. Design We recruited 358 patients with unruptured IA (UIA) and 161 with ruptured IA (RIA) from two distinct geographical regions for conducting an integrated analysis of plasma metabolomics and
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Untargeted faecal metabolomics for the discovery of biomarkers and treatment targets for inflammatory bowel diseases Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-13 Arnau Vich Vila, Jingwan Zhang, Moting Liu, Klaas Nico Faber, Rinse K Weersma
The gut microbiome has been recognised as a key component in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and the wide range of metabolites produced by gut bacteria are an important mechanism by which the human microbiome interacts with host immunity or host metabolism. High-throughput metabolomic profiling and novel computational approaches now allow for comprehensive assessment of thousands
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Non-invasive assessment of MASH resolution Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Jean-François Dufour, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong
With the approval of drug treatment for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) approaching, it is of paramount importance to have non-invasive means to monitor response to treatment.1 Currently, conditional approval is based on liver histology, with MASH resolution without worsening of fibrosis and fibrosis improvement without worsening of MASH being the two key histological endpoints
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Mast cells and histamine in cholangiocarcinoma: exploring overlooked avenues for enhanced patient management Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Luca Fabris, Jonathan Pol
In the realm of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignancy often presenting with biliary stenosis, the clinical need to re-establish duct patency offers a unique opportunity to profile bile content, facilitating the identification of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Various studies have explored the significance of biochemically distinct molecules in the bile of patients with CCA by comparing
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Role of patient and staff mobility in scope 3 emissions in GI endoscopy Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Michelle A Klose, Antonia Becker, Valentin Blank, Stephan Eisenmann, Jonas Rosendahl, Jens Walldorf
In a survey among 260 outpatients and staff in a tertiary care endoscopy unit, we calculated transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions for each endoscopic procedure to be 11.5 kg CO2e. According to our calculation model, this represents 32.7% of scope 3 carbon emissions, highlighting the central role of patient and staff transportation. Combining two procedures into one appointment, where indicated
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British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for the management of hepatocellular carcinoma in adults Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Abid Suddle, Helen Reeves, Richard Hubner, Aileen Marshall, Ian Rowe, Dina Tiniakos, Stefan Hubscher, Mark Callaway, Dinesh Sharma, Teik Choon See, Maria Hawkins, Suzanne Ford-Dunn, Sarah Selemani, Tim Meyer
Deaths from the majority of cancers are falling globally, but the incidence and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in the United Kingdom and in other Western countries. HCC is a highly fatal cancer, often diagnosed late, with an incidence to mortality ratio that approaches 1. Despite there being a number of treatment options, including those associated with good medium to long-term
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Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α mediates reflux-induced epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in Barrett’s oesophagus patients Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Qiuyang Zhang, Kerry B Dunbar, Robert D Odze, Agoston T Agoston, Xuan Wang, Tianhong Su, Anh D Nguyen, Xi Zhang, Stuart Jon Spechler, Rhonda F Souza
Introduction Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), the process through which epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal features, is needed for wound repair but also might contribute to cancer initiation. Earlier, in vitro studies showed that Barrett’s cells exposed to acidic bile salt solutions (ABS) develop EMP. Now, we have (1) induced reflux oesophagitis in Barrett’s oesophagus (BO) patients by stopping
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Recurrent RhoGAP gene fusion CLDN18-ARHGAP26 promotes RHOA activation and focal adhesion kinase and YAP-TEAD signalling in diffuse gastric cancer Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Feifei Zhang, Varun Sahu, Ke Peng, Yichen Wang, Tianxia Li, Pratyusha Bala, Daulet Aitymbayev, Pranshu Sahgal, Antje Schaefer, Channing J Der, Sandra Ryeom, Sam Yoon, Nilay Sethi, Adam J Bass, Haisheng Zhang
Objective Genomic studies of gastric cancer have identified highly recurrent genomic alterations impacting RHO signalling, especially in the diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) histological subtype. Among these alterations are interchromosomal translations leading to the fusion of the adhesion protein CLDN18 and RHO regulator ARHGAP26. It remains unclear how these fusion constructs impact the activity of
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Protective function of sclerosing cholangitis on IBD Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Tanja Bedke, Friederike Stumme, Miriam Tomczak, Babett Steglich, Rongrong Jia, Simon Bohmann, Agnes Wittek, Jan Kempski, Emilia Göke, Marius Böttcher, Dominik Reher, Anissa Franke, Maximilian Lennartz, Till Clauditz, Guido Sauter, Thorben Fründt, Sören Weidemann, Gisa Tiegs, Christoph Schramm, Nicola Gagliani, Penelope Pelczar, Samuel Huber
Objective There is a strong clinical association between IBD and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a chronic disease of the liver characterised by biliary inflammation that leads to strictures and fibrosis. Approximately 60%–80% of people with PSC will also develop IBD (PSC-IBD). One hypothesis explaining this association would be that PSC drives IBD. Therefore, our aim was to test this hypothesis
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Landscape of the gut mycobiome dynamics during pregnancy and its relationship with host metabolism and pregnancy health Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Yuanqing Fu, Wanglong Gou, Ping Wu, Yuwei Lai, Xinxiu Liang, Ke Zhang, Menglei Shuai, Jun Tang, Zelei Miao, Jieteng Chen, Jiaying Yuan, Bin Zhao, Yunhaonan Yang, Xiaojuan Liu, Yayi Hu, An Pan, Xiong-Fei Pan, Ju-Sheng Zheng
Objective The remodelling of gut mycobiome (ie, fungi) during pregnancy and its potential influence on host metabolism and pregnancy health remains largely unexplored. Here, we aim to examine the characteristics of gut fungi in pregnant women, and reveal the associations between gut mycobiome, host metabolome and pregnancy health. Design Based on a prospective birth cohort in central China (2017 to
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Optimal glycaemic control and the reduced risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer in patients with diabetes: a population-based cohort study Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Xianhua Mao, Ka Shing Cheung, Jing-Tong Tan, Lung-Yi Mak, Chi-Ho Lee, Chi-Leung Chiang, Ho Ming Cheng, Rex Wan-Hin Hui, Man Fung Yuen, Wai Keung Leung, Wai-Kay Seto
Objective Whether varying degrees of glycaemic control impact colonic neoplasm risk in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains uncertain. Design Patients with newly diagnosed DM were retrieved from 2005 to 2013. Optimal glycaemic control at baseline was defined as mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)<7%. Outcomes of interest included colorectal cancer (CRC) and colonic adenoma development. We used propensity
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Axon guidance cue SEMA3A promotes the aggressive phenotype of basal-like PDAC Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Francesca Lupo, Francesco Pezzini, Davide Pasini, Elena Fiorini, Annalisa Adamo, Lisa Veghini, Michele Bevere, Cristina Frusteri, Pietro Delfino, Sabrina D'agosto, Silvia Andreani, Geny Piro, Antonia Malinova, Tian Wang, Francesco De Sanctis, Rita Teresa Lawlor, Chang-il Hwang, Carmine Carbone, Ivano Amelio, Peter Bailey, Vincenzo Bronte, David Tuveson, Aldo Scarpa, Stefano Ugel, Vincenzo Corbo
Objective The dysregulation of the axon guidance pathway is common in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet our understanding of its biological relevance is limited. Here, we investigated the functional role of the axon guidance cue SEMA3A in supporting PDAC progression. Design We integrated bulk and single-cell transcriptomic datasets of human PDAC with in situ hybridisation analyses of patients’
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Impact of age, comorbidities and relevant changes on surveillance strategy of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: a competing risk analysis Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Stefano Crippa, Giovanni Marchegiani, Giulio Belfiori, Paola Vittoria Maria Rancoita, Tommaso Pollini, Anna Burelli, Laura Apadula, Maria Giovanna Scarale, Davide Socci, Marco Biancotto, Giuseppe Vanella, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, Gabriele Capurso, Roberto Salvia, Massimo Falconi
Objective Cost-effectiveness of surveillance for branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) is debated. We combined different categories of risks of IPMN progression and of IPMN-unrelated mortality to improve surveillance strategies. Design Retrospective analysis of 926 presumed BD-IPMNs lacking worrisome features (WFs)/high-risk stigmata (HRS) under surveillance. Charlson Comorbidity
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MASH Resolution Index: development and validation of a non-invasive score to detect histological resolution of MASH Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Rohit Loomba, Maral Amangurbanova, Ricki Bettencourt, Egbert Madamba, Harris Siddiqi, Lisa Richards, Cynthia Behling, Claude B Sirlin, Mildred D Gottwald, Shibao Feng, Maya Margalit, Daniel Q Huang
Background Dynamic changes in non-invasive tests, such as changes in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and MRI proton-density-fat-fraction (MRI-PDFF), may help to detect metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) resolution, but a combination of non-invasive tests may be more accurate than either alone. We developed a novel non-invasive score, the MASH Resolution Index, to detect the histological
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Function of mast cell and bile-cholangiocarcinoma interplay in cholangiocarcinoma microenvironment Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Anda Shi, Zengli Liu, Zhongqi Fan, Kangshuai Li, Xingkai Liu, Yongchang Tang, Jiaming Hu, Xingyong Li, Lizhuang Shu, Liming Zhao, Lingling Huang, Zhiyue Zhang, Guoyue Lv, Zongli Zhang, Yunfei Xu
Objective The correlation between cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) progression and bile is rarely studied. Here, we aimed to identify differential metabolites in benign and malignant bile ducts and elucidate the generation, function and degradation of bile metabolites. Design Differential metabolites in the bile from CCA and benign biliary stenosis were identified by metabonomics. Biliary molecules able to
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Intravital imaging: dynamic insights into liver immunity in health and disease Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Yuting Wang, Felix Heymann, Moritz Peiseler
Inflammation is a critical component of most acute and chronic liver diseases. The liver is a unique immunological organ with a dense vascular network, leading to intense crosstalk between tissue-resident immune cells, passenger leucocytes and parenchymal cells. During acute and chronic liver diseases, the multifaceted immune response is involved in disease promoting and repair mechanisms, while upholding
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Heavy arch: from inflammatory bowel diseases to metabolic disorders Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Timon E Adolph, Moritz Meyer, Almina Jukic, Herbert Tilg
Background Metabolic disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have captured the globe during Westernisation of lifestyle and related dietary habits over the last decades. Both disease entities are characterised by complex and heterogeneous clinical spectra linked to distinct symptoms and organ systems which, on a first glimpse, do not have many commonalities in clinical practice. However, experimental
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Tailoring treatment to the circumstance: reasoning behind metal versus plastic drainage of pancreatic collections Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Giuseppe Vanella, Michiel Bronswijk, Schalk Willem Van der Merwe, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono
We read with great interest the outstanding article by Karstensen et al ,1 which suggests that the use of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) compared with double pigtail plastic stents (DPPS) in large walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) results in comparable number of necrosectomies and hospital stay. These findings might be read together with a recently prospective non-randomised comparison from
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Key metabolomic alterations are associated with ulcerative colitis disease state and activity: a validation analysis Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 John David Chetwood, Sudarshan Paramsothy, Craig Haifer, Thomas J Borody, Michael A Kamm, Rupert W Leong, Nadeem O Kaakoush
We read with interest the recent paper by Vich Vila et al , which discussed alterations in the metabolome of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).1 Here, the authors described >300 molecules that were differentially abundant in the faeces of 424 patients with IBD compared with 255 healthy controls, analysed with liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry as well as genome-wide association
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Inflammatory bowel disease in STAT1 gain-of-function immunodeficiency treated with precision medicine Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Julian Schwärzler, Andreas Zollner, Theresa Dolejsi, Lisa Mayr, Georg Oberhuber, Johannes Zschocke, Wolfgang Sturm, Ivan Tancevski, Timon Erik Adolph, Herbert Tilg
We have read with interest the recent article comparing different therapies in induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn’s disease (CD).1 Recently, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have expanded the armamentarium to treat inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD),2 while patient-tailored precision approaches are needed to further improve treatment.3 Rare gain-of-function variants affecting signal transducer
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Tailoring treatment to the circumstance: reasoning behind metal versus plastic drainage of pancreatic collections – authors’ reply Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 John Gásdal Karstensen, Srdan Novovic, Palle Nordblad Schmidt
We thank Vanella et al for their interest in our paper and for pointing out additional details and perspectives.1 2 In our study, we randomised patients with large pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON) and a need for transgastric drainage to either a 20 mm lumen apposing metal stent (LAMS) or double pigtail stent (DPT) and found no superiority of the LAMS in terms of number of necrosectomies, clinical
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Exploring the impact of gut microbial metabolites on inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy during pregnancy and mother-to-infant antibody transfer Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Xi Fu, Bingqian Du, Pei-An Chen, Aga Shama, Baolan Chen, Xi Zhang, Xue Han, Yingxia Xu, Yajie Gong, Xia Zeng, Chongzhen Sun, Wenhan Yang, Xiaohui Xing, Zhongjun Li, Yanyan Fu, Dongyun Ke, Niping Wang, Yun Xia, Yu Sun, Qingsong Chen
The recent publication by Ng et al titled ‘Gut microbiota composition is associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity and adverse events’ provides valuable insights on gut microbiota in modulating immune responses to both inactivated (CoronaVac) and mRNA (BNT162b2) SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. The authors identified specific gut microbiota markers influenced immunity and vaccine efficacy, suggesting that
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FGF-21 analogues for treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis: a meta-analysis with fragility index of phase 2 randomised placebo-controlled trials Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Alessandro Mantovani, Herbert Tilg, Giovanni Targher
We have read with interest the excellent review by Trauner and Fuchs on the novel therapeutic approaches that are currently developed for treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).1 Although there are no licensed pharmacotherapies for NASH, long-acting fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) analogues are being evaluated to treat NASH because FGF-21 is a pleotropic liver-derived hormone regulating
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Endoluminal radiofrequency ablation prior to stenting for malignant biliary obstruction: really time to say goodbye? Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Jia-Su Li, Jun Fang, Zhao-Shen Li
Recently, Jarosova et al 1 carried out a multicentre randomised trial to assess the impact of endoluminal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) plus stenting with stenting alone in patients with malignant biliary obstruction. The authors demonstrated that there was no benefit of endoluminal biliary RFA in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and pancreatic cancer on survival or stent patency. Their results
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Mendelian randomisation shows diverticular disease and irritable bowel syndrome increase the risk of haemorrhoidal disease Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Simonas Juzenas, David Ellinghaus, Serena Sanna, Andre Franke, Mauro D'Amato
Recently in Gut , Zhu and colleagues1 investigated causality of genetic risk effects across three genetically correlated conditions: haemorrhoidal disease (HEM), diverticular disease (DIV) and IBS. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from our previous HEM GWAS2 and other studies,3–5 they conducted unidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) and concluded ‘HEM might
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Unexpected finding on surveillance colonoscopy Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Julian Gertner, Edward Seward, Ruma Saraswati
A 65-year-old woman had a positive Faecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) on a bowel cancer screening programme. Her medical history included migraines and hypercholesterolaemia. She had no allergies; she took a statin daily. She worked as a teacher, smoked five cigarettes per day and drank one glass of wine per week. At colonoscopy, there was polyposis including a 20 mm caecal polyp extending into the appendiceal
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Correction: Mapping genetic vulnerabilities reveals BTK as a novel therapeutic target in oesophageal cancer Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology
Chong IY, Aronson L, Bryant H, et al . Mapping genetic vulnerabilities reveals BTK as a …
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Vale Professor Marjorie M Walker Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Nicholas J Talley
Professor Marjorie (Marj) M Walker, an esteemed thought leader in anatomical pathology, inspirational educator and passionate researcher, passed away peacefully in Cyprus on 8 May 2024. Marj was a beloved member of the University of Newcastle community, where she held a teaching and research post as a Professor of Anatomical Pathology from 2012 until she retired in 2022 and moved to live in Cyprus
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Glutamine metabolic competition drives immunosuppressive reprogramming of intratumour GPR109A+ myeloid cells to promote liver cancer progression Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Yang Yang, Tianduo Pei, Chaobao Liu, Mingtao Cao, Xiaolin Hu, Jie Yuan, Fengqian Chen, Bao Guo, Yuemei Hong, Jibin Liu, Bin Li, Xiaoguang Li, Hui Wang
Objective The metabolic characteristics of liver cancer drive considerable hurdles to immune cells function and cancer immunotherapy. However, how metabolic reprograming in the tumour microenvironment impairs the antitumour immune response remains unclear. Design Human samples and multiple murine models were employed to evaluate the correlation between GPR109A and liver cancer progression. GPR109A
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Dysregulated KLF4 expression plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 Xiangsheng Zuo, Liang Wang, Yi Liu, Huamin Wang, Margarete Hafley, Mihai Gagea, Ru Chen, Yun Xiong, Sheng Pan, Imad Shureiqi, Robert S Bresalier, Daoyan Wei
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) carry a significant risk of progressing to invasive pancreatic cancer (PC), yet the lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers hampers accurate prognostication and clinical intervention. The prevalence of somatic KLF4 hotspot mutations, notably KLF4K409Q and KLF4S411Y, in over 50% of cases, predominantly in low-grade (LG) regions of IPMNs, suggests a
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Human CAZyme genes polymorphism and risk of IBS: a population-based study Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 Leire Torices, Andreea Zamfir-Taranu, Cristina Esteban-Blanco, Isotta Bozzarelli, Ferdinando Bonfiglio, Mauro D'Amato
A series of papers in Gut recently highlighted genetic variation in the sucrase-isomaltase gene ( SI ; coding for a brush-border disaccharidase) as a likely causative factor in a subset of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).1–4 Hypomorphic (dysfunctional) SI variants may thus underlie gastrointestinal symptoms in rare recessive forms of congenital SI deficiency (CSID)5 as well as milder complex
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Immunomodulation and entry inhibition: selgantolimod’s double punch against hepatitis B virus Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 Thomas Baumert, Melanie Urbanek-Quaing, Markus Cornberg
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant global health burden, affecting over 250 million people worldwide who are at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Currently available nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) are effective in controlling viraemia; however, functional cure, defined as loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), is rare and difficult
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When alcohol and fat meet, neutrophil traps form to promote liver injury Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 Gavin E Arteel, Bin Gao
Steatotic liver diseases (SLDs) have a complicated history. Although it has been well recognised for centuries that obesity and alcohol consumption are associated with fatty liver and liver disease, acceptance that both are causal comorbities in SLD came much later. In the case of alcohol consumption, it was the work of Charles Lieber and colleagues that convincingly demonstrated that alcohol consumption
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Cold versus hot snare endoscopic mucosal resection for large (≥15 mm) flat non-pedunculated colorectal polyps: a randomised controlled trial Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Timothy O’Sullivan, Oliver Cronin, W Arnout van Hattem, Francesco Vito Mandarino, Julia L Gauci, Clarence Kerrison, Anthony Whitfield, Sunil Gupta, Eric Lee, Stephen J Williams, Nicholas Burgess, Michael J Bourke
Background and aims Conventional hot snare endoscopic mucosal resection (H-EMR) is effective for the management of large (≥20 mm) non-pedunculated colon polyps (LNPCPs) however, electrocautery-related complications may incur significant morbidity. With a superior safety profile, cold snare EMR (C-EMR) of LNPCPs is an attractive alternative however evidence is lacking. We conducted a randomised trial
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Porcine-derived pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy: a cause of hepatitis E virus transmission? Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Nassim Kamar, Olivier Marion, Florence Abravanel, Laure Esposito, Arnaud Del Bello, Jacques Izopet
Recently, in Canada, Thornton et al observed a higher proportion of anti-hepatitis E virus (HEV) IgG among persons with cystic fibrosis having received (20.7%) or not (19.3%) a lung transplantation compared with a non-cystic fibrosis population (10.7%).1 In order to understand the difference in the seropositivity rate between these populations, they focused their research on the use of pancreatic enzyme
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Multiple indicators of gut dysbiosis predict all-cause and cause-specific mortality in solid organ transplant recipients Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 J Casper Swarte, Shuyan Zhang, Lianne M Nieuwenhuis, Ranko Gacesa, Tim J Knobbe, TransplantLines Investigators, Vincent E De Meijer, Kevin Damman, Erik A M Verschuuren, Tji C Gan, Jingyuan Fu, Alexandra Zhernakova, Hermie J M Harmsen, Hans Blokzijl, Stephan J L Bakker, Johannes R Björk, Rinse K Weersma
Objective Gut microbiome composition is associated with multiple diseases, but relatively little is known about its relationship with long-term outcome measures. While gut dysbiosis has been linked to mortality risk in the general population, the relationship with overall survival in specific diseases has not been extensively studied. In the current study, we present results from an in-depth analysis
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Pancreatic STAT5 activation promotes KrasG12D-induced and inflammation-induced acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and pancreatic cancer Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Yuli Lin, Shaofeng Pu, Jun Wang, Yaqi Wan, Zhihao Wu, Yangyang Guo, Wenxue Feng, Ying Ying, Shuai Ma, Xiang Jun Meng, Wenquan Wang, Liang Liu, Qing Xia, Xuguang Yang
Objective Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy because it is often diagnosed at a late-stage. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) is a transcription factor implicated in the progression of various cancer types. However, its role in KRAS-driven pancreatic tumourigenesis remains unclear. Design We performed studies with LSL-Kras G12D; Ptf1a-Cre
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Interplay between gut microbiome, host genetic and epigenetic modifications in MASLD and MASLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Suki Ha, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Xiang Zhang, Jun Yu
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of liver injuries, ranging from hepatic steatosis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis to MASLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (MASLD-HCC). Recent studies have highlighted the bidirectional impacts between host genetics/epigenetics and the gut microbial community
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Long-term stability of the faecal microbiome profile in faecal immunochemical test (FIT) samples Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Suparna Mitra, Christopher J Stewart, Andrew Nelson, James S Hampton, Andrea C Masi, Sarah Manning, Linda Sharp, Mark A Hull, Colin J Rees
We read with great interest the meta’omic study by Kong et al 1 which reported on metagenomic sequencing of faecal samples to discover microbiome-derived biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC). Faecal immunochemical test (FIT) samples provide consistent microbiome profiling based on 16S rRNA gene (ie, amplicon-based) sequencing when compared with immediately frozen samples from whole stool2 and are
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High accuracy model for HBsAg loss based on longitudinal trajectories of serum qHBsAg throughout long-term antiviral therapy Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Rong Fan, Siru Zhao, Junqi Niu, Hong Ma, Qing Xie, Song Yang, Jianping Xie, Xiaoguang Dou, Jia Shang, Huiying Rao, Qi Xia, Yali Liu, Yongfeng Yang, Hongbo Gao, Aimin Sun, Xieer Liang, Xueru Yin, Yongfang Jiang, Yanyan Yu, Jian Sun, Nikolai V Naoumov, Jinlin Hou
Objective Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss is the optimal outcome for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) but this rarely occurs with currently approved therapies. We aimed to develop and validate a prognostic model for HBsAg loss on treatment using longitudinal data from a large, prospectively followed, nationwide cohort. Design CHB patients receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues as antiviral
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Gut microbiota signatures of vulnerability to food addiction in mice and humans Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Solveiga Samulėnaitė, Alejandra García-Blanco, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs, Laura Domingo-Rodríguez, Judit Cabana-Domínguez, Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo, Edurne Gago-García, Laura Pineda-Cirera, Aurelijus Burokas, Jose Espinosa-Carrasco, Silvia Arboleya, Jessica Latorre, Catherine Stanton, Koji Hosomi, Jun Kunisawa, Bru Cormand, Jose Manuel Fernández-Real, Rafael Maldonado, Elena Martín-García
Objective Food addiction is a multifactorial disorder characterised by a loss of control over food intake that may promote obesity and alter gut microbiota composition. We have investigated the potential involvement of the gut microbiota in the mechanisms underlying food addiction. Design We used the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) 2.0 criteria to classify extreme food addiction in mouse and human
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Simplified Helicobacter pylori therapy for patients with penicillin allergy: a randomised controlled trial of vonoprazan-tetracycline dual therapy Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Wen Gao, Jianxiang Liu, Xiaolei Wang, Jingwen Li, Xuezhi Zhang, Hui Ye, Jiang Li, Xinhong Dong, Binbin Liu, Chi Wang, Ying Xu, Guigen Teng, Yuling Tian, Jinpei Dong, Chaoyi Ge, Hong Cheng
Background and aims This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan and tetracycline (VT) dual therapy as first-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with penicillin allergy. Methods In this randomised controlled trial, treatment-naïve adults with H. pylori infection and penicillin allergy were randomised 1:1 to receive either open-label VT dual therapy (vonoprazan
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Presenilins: the hidden guardians of gut health in Alzheimer’s disease Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Julian Schwärzler, Bram Verstockt
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) comprise a spectrum of chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases, mainly ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), with an increasing incidence worldwide.1 2 Scientific efforts and technological advances led to a profound understanding of IBD pathophysiology, helping to recognise the complex nature and heterogeneity of the IBD spectrum. In recent years, IBD
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Blautia: a key moderator of compulsivity towards chocolate? Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Alice de Wouters d'Oplinter
The aetiology of obesity represents a complex interplay between internal and external environmental factors leading to a positive energy balance. One eating behaviour known as food addiction has been shown to be highly correlated with obesity in humans.1 In GUT , Solveiga Samulènaité et al investigated the potential role of gut microbiota signatures in the development of food addiction.2 They identified
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Diagnostic upper GI endoscopy: can less mean more? Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Ian Penman
In the UK and other western countries, dyspepsia and upper gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common and usually lead to upper GI endoscopy (OGD), yet the incidence of non-cardia gastric cancer is relatively low and declining.1 Despite this, the widespread use of ‘test and treat’ for Helicobacter pylori , and guidelines recommending against OGD for young patients with dyspepsia in the absence of ‘alarm’
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Familial pancreatitis associated with a splice-site variant in CPA1 Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Fang Shen, Hongmei Zhao, Mei Deng, Ming Tu, Yuan Hu, Hua Wang, Yongjia Yang
We have read with great interest the recent publication of Sándor and Sahin-Tóth, who evaluated the functional effects for CPA1 missense variants.1 CPA1 mutations are associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP) in humans and mice.1–3 The authors1 and others2–7 suggested that the CPA1 missense variants cause CP through the protein misfolding/increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mechanism. Among
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Association between appendectomy and Parkinson’s disease from the UK Biobank Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Zhiyun Wang, Mengjie LI, Dongrui Ma, Mengnan Guo, Xiaoyan Hao, Zhengwei Hu, Shuangjie Li, Chunyan Zuo, Yuanyuan Liang, Chenwei Hao, Yanmei Feng, Chan Zhang, Chengyuan Mao, Jun Wu, Shilei Sun, Yu-Ming Xu, Changhe Shi
Recently, the article by Konings et al systematically articulated the association between gastrointestinal syndrome and Parkinson’s disease (PD),1 which found that appendectomy reduced the risk of PD. According to Braak’s hypothesis2 that α-synuclein aggregation may begin in the gut and be transmitted to the brain via vagus nerve, appendectomy could remove α-synuclein and vagus nerve terminals in the
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Poking at probiotic mechanisms and microbial implications in cancer prevention and treatment Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Jun Sun
In the current microbiome research, we recognise that there is a long journey from identifying a single strain to understanding the altered community, then nailing down the general questions of altered microbiome to the specific role of individual player as a game changer. A recent publication in Gut has shown us one of these journeys to achieve a groundbreaking goal. Su et al 1 have identified a probiotic
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Stomach microbiota in gastric cancer development and clinical implications Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-17 Ruijie Zeng, Hongyan Gou, Harry Cheuk Hay Lau, Jun Yu
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a prominent cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A distinctive characteristic of GC is its intimate association with commensal microbial community. Although Helicobacter pylori is widely recognised as an inciting factor of the onset of gastric carcinogenesis, increasing evidence has indicated the substantial involvement of microbes that
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Clinical consequences of computer-aided colorectal polyp detection Gut (IF 23.0) Pub Date : 2024-06-14 Pieter Sinonquel, Tom Eelbode, Oliver Pech, Dominiek De Wulf, Pieter Dewint, Helmut Neumann, Giulio Antonelli, Federico Iacopini, David Tate, Arnaud Lemmers, Nastazja Dagny Pilonis, Michal Filip Kaminski, Philip Roelandt, Cesare Hassan, Demedts Ingrid, Frederik Maes, Raf Bisschops
Background and aim Randomised trials show improved polyp detection with computer-aided detection (CADe), mostly of small lesions. However, operator and selection bias may affect CADe’s true benefit. Clinical outcomes of increased detection have not yet been fully elucidated. Methods In this multicentre trial, CADe combining convolutional and recurrent neural networks was used for polyp detection. Blinded