Section snippets Solution Set Oversight CommitteeNicole M. Bhave, MD, FACC, ChairNiti R. Aggarwal, MD, FACCKatie Bates, ARNP, DNPJohn P. Erwin III, MD, FACCMartha Gulati, MD, MS, FACCDharam J. Kumbhani, MD, SM, FACCGurusher S. Panjrath, MBBS, FACCBarbara Wiggins, PharmD, FACCMegan Coylewright, MD, MPH, FACC, Ex Officio Table of Contents 1.Introduction 2 2.Assumptions and Definitions 3 2.1.General Clinical

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresThe author has reported that he has no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Warraich has served on the medical advisory board for GoodRx. Dr Krumholz is the Editor-in-Chief of JACC; has received stock options for advisory roles from Element Science and Identifeye; has received payments for advisory roles from F-Prime; is a cofounder of and holds equity in Hugo Health, Refactor Health, and ENSIGHT-AI; and is associated

Section snippets Study design and settingThis retrospective cohort includes all patients admitted for RHD surgery at the Salam Centre from April 2007 to December 2021, with follow-up of patients discharged alive evaluated up to July 2022. The Salam Centre7 admits about 80% of patients from Sudan and 20% from neighboring countries, as per agreement with the government. The hospital was built and is

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Sohns has received research support and lecture fees from Medtronic, Abbott, Boston Scientific, and Biosense Webster; has served as a consultant for Medtronic, Boston Scientific, and Biosense Webster; and has received grant support from the Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung and Deutsche Herzstiftung. Dr Marrouche has received grant support and

Section snippets MethodsThe ALSPAC birth cohort investigates factors that influence childhood development and growth.5 Of the original cohort of 14,901 children enrolled in the ALSPAC, 4,026 (27%) attended the clinic visit at 24 years of age. Of these, 1,958 (49%) had echocardiograms performed. The current analysis included 1,931 young adults with complete smoking and echocardiographic measures at

Section snippets MethodsCHOLINET is a single-country, multicenter, observational, prospective, phase 4 registry of Italian patients initiating inclisiran as part of clinical management. Reimbursement criteria (Italian Medicines Agency [AIFA], GU 231-03.10.2022) include patients at very high cardiovascular (CV) risk with LDL-C of ≥70 mg/dL on statin ± ezetimibe. Lipids were assessed at median of 17 days

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a presumed risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and its levels are primarily genetically determined (∼70%-90%).1,2 As such, many guidelines and consensus groups recommend measuring Lp(a) levels only once in a person’s lifetime for risk stratification.3,4 However, data assessing the intraindividual variability of Lp(a) levels over time are limited

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Vest has received research grant funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (grant R01HL167113) and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (grant RC2TR004377). Dr Sauer has received salary support for research activities from Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, a nonprofit academic research organization

Section snippets Solution Set Oversight CommitteeNicole M. Bhave, MD, FACC, ChairNiti R. Aggarwal, MD, FACCKatie Bates, ARNP, DNPJohn P. Erwin iii, MD, FACCMartha Gulati, MD, MS, FACCDharam J. Kumbhani, MD, SM, FACCGurusher S. Panjrath, MBBS, FACCBarbara Wiggins, PharmD, FACCMegan Coylewright, MD, MPH, FACC, Ex Officio Table of Contents Top 10 Key Takeaway Points 3 1.Introduction 4 2.Assumptions and

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Section snippets Cardiac MRI Predictors of Arrhythmic Sudden Cardiac Events in Patients With Fontan Circulation 2417Natasha K. Wolfe, Mary D. Schiff, Laura J. Olivieri, Adam B. Christopher, Mark Fogel, Timothy C. Slesnick, Rajesh Krishnamurthy, Vivek Muthurangu, Adam L. Dorfman, Christopher Z. Lam, Justin Weigand, Joshua D. Robinson, Rahul H. Rathod, Tarek Alsaied, the FORCE InvestigatorsSingle ventricle

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Metra has received consulting fees from Abbott Structural Heart, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cytokinetics, Edwards Lifesciences, and Novo Nordisk. Dr Adamo has received consultant/speaker honoraria from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Butlar is a consultant for Abbott, American Regent, Amgen, Applied Therapeutic, AskBio

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresThe authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

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Section snippets Study designThis was a secondary analysis of the APACE (Advantageous Predictors of Acute Coronary Syndromes Evaluation; NCT00470587) study.7 For this analysis, we excluded patients with ST-segment elevation MI, patients in whom the diagnosis remained unclear even after final adjudication and had at least 1 elevated concentration of hs-cTnT/I, and patients with missing hs-cTnT or hs-cTnI

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresThe author has reported that she has no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Section snippets Digital Strategy and Data InfrastructureCurrent systems for data storage and analysis are siloed, limiting the potential for AI to function efficiently across data networks. Without interoperable data systems, even the most advanced AI tools will struggle to deliver real impact. We need a unified data strategy—how we manage, integrate, and safeguard data across platforms—focused on

Section snippets Data sourcesThe study included all Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged ≥66 years who underwent femoropopliteal revascularization by International Classification of Diseases–10th Revision codes between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2023. Patient comorbidities were identified using the Chronic Conditions Warehouse data, and procedural data were identified using claims codes

Although factor Xa inhibitors reduce intracranial hemorrhage vs vitamin K antagonists in atrial fibrillation (AF),1 concerns regarding nonintracranial bleeding have led to the development of factor XI/XIa inhibitors, which offer the promise of uncoupling pathologic thrombosis from normal hemostasis. Although phase 2 and 3 studies support the safety of factor XI/XIa inhibition in a variety of settings

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Section snippets Overview of DHT RegulationDHTs that meet the definition of a medical device are regulated by the FDA, which applies regulatory controls and marketing pathways based on the intended use and potential risk of the device (Figure 1). Devices are classified from Class 1 with the lowest risk (eg, a toothbrush, Digital Visual Acuity Test), Class 2 with intermediate risk (eg, CGMs, WellDoc’s

Section snippets Major Bleeding and Mortality After Revascularization of Left Main Disease 2335Gennaro Giustino, Joseph F. Sabik III, Patrick W. Serruys, John D. Puskas, Dimitri Karmpaliotis, David E. Kandzari, Marie-Claude Morice, Michael Ragosta III, Zixuan Zhang, Ovidiu Dressler, Bjorn Redfors, Ori Ben-Yehuda, Samin K. Sharma, Arie Pieter Kappetein, Gregg W. StoneThe authors evaluated the incidence

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Thompson A, Fleischmann KE, Smilowitz NR, de las Fuentes L, Mukherjee D, Aggarwal NR, Ahmad FS, Allen RB, Altin SE, Auerbach A, Berger JS, Chow B, Dakik HA, Eisenstein EL, Gerhard-Herman M, Ghadimi K, Kachulis B, Leclerc J, Lee CS, Macaulay TE, Mates G, Merli GJ, Parwani P, Poole JE, Rich MW, Ruetzler K, Stain SC, Sweitzer B, Talbot AW, Vallabhajosyula S, Whittle J, Williams KA Sr.

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Spertus has served as a consultant on patient-reported outcomes and evidence evaluation to Alnylam, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Terumo, Cytokinetics, and Imbria; has received research grants from the National Institutes of Health, the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, the American College of Cardiology Foundation

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Section snippets 2-Fold More Cardiovascular Disease Events Decades Before Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosis: A Nationwide Registry Study 2251Christine Gyldenkerne, Johnny Kahlert, Pernille G. Thrane, Kevin K.W. Olesen, Martin B. Mortensen, Henrik T. Sørensen, Reimar W. Thomsen, Michael MaengIn this large, nationwide, registry-based study, individuals with type 2 diabetes had 2-fold more cardiovascular disease

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Baddour has received royalty payments for authorship duties from UpToDate. The other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresThe authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Section snippets Funding Support and Author DisclosuresDr Karam has received consultant fees from Edwards Lifesciences, Boston Scientific, and Medtronic; and has received proctor fees from Abbott. Dr Stolz received speaker honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. Dr Lurz has received institutional fees and research grants from Abbott Cardiovascular, Edwards Lifesciences, and ReCor; has received honoraria

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BackgroundMineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) improve outcomes in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but are underused in clinical practice. Observational data suggest that hyperkalemia is the leading obstacle for the suboptimal use of MRA. ObjectivesWe evaluated the effects of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) in optimizing use of spironolactone among participants

BACKGROUNDTransthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a fatal disease, caused by misfolded transthyretin depositing as amyloid fibrils in the heart. Because disease progression is common, practical and sensitive methods are needed to monitor patients and optimize treatment decisions. Outpatient worsening heart failure (HF) (oral loop diuretic intensification or initiation) is simple

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Section snippets Associations of Self-Reported Race, Social Determinants of Health, and Polygenic Risk With Coronary Heart Disease 2157Kristjan Norland, Daniel J. Schaid, Mohammadreza Naderian, Jie Na, Iftikhar J. KulloIn a study of 67,256 All of Us participants, the authors tested the associations of self-reported race/ethnicity, social determinants of health (SDOH), and polygenic risk with coronary

BackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDOH) influence the risk of common diseases such as coronary heart disease (CHD). ObjectivesThis study sought to test the associations of self-reported race/ethnicity, SDOH, and a polygenic risk score (PRS), with CHD in a large and diverse U.S. cohort. MethodsIn 67,256 All of Us (AoU) participants with available SDOH and whole-genome sequencing data, we ascertained