Section snippets Clinical trial number:Not applicable. Authors’ contributionsThe conception, data collection, and drafting the manuscript were performed by MS and ME. All authors critically reviewed, revised, and approved the final manuscript. Data availability statementThe R code for the analysis was deposited in GitHub (https://github.com/maitosuoh/fatty-liver-time-series). Financial supportSE, ME

Section snippets Authors' contributionsChenxi Wang designed this project and wrote the manuscript. Jin Shang collected the data. Huichuan Tian contributed to reviewing and editing the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Financial supportNo funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript. Declaration of Competing InterestNot applicable. AcknowledgementsNot

Section snippets Authors' contributionsGuo-Fu Li concepted and designed the study, analyzed and interpreted the data, and drafted the manuscript. Guiying Gao and Jie Guo contributed to the data collection and analysis. Guo Yu and Guo-Fu Li supervised the study and revised the manuscript. Guo Yu administered the study. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript. Data availability statement

Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for approximately 90% of primary liver cancers. Advances in diagnostic and therapeutic tools, along with improved understanding of their application, are transforming patient treatment. Integrating these innovations into clinical practice presents challenges and necessitates guidance

Section snippets Authors' contributionsBoth authors contributed equally to the ideation, drafting and revising of the present letter to the Editor. Financial supportNone Declaration of Competing InterestNone AcknowledgementsNone

Section snippets Authors' contributionsAll authors contributed to the study conception and design. Study design, SSL, XMD, XFL, Writing-original draft, SSL, XMD, XFL; Writing-review & editing, SSL, XMD, XFL; Supervision: XFL. Financial supportThis research received no external funding. Declaration of Competing InterestNone of the authors has any conflicts of interest. AcknowledgementsNone.

Section snippets Authors' contributionsAll authors contributed equally to the production of this manuscript Financial supportThe authors did not receive any financial support to produce this manuscript. Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors of this study declare that they do not have any conflict of interest.Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details.

Section snippets Authors' contributionsGI: Study concept, data collection, data analysis, manuscript writingAB: Data collectionSR: Study concept, data collection, data analysis, manuscript writing Financial supportNone Declaration of Competing InterestNonePlease refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details. AcknowledgementsNone

Section snippets Background and contextMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects up to one-third of the global population, yet effective therapeutic options remain limited.1 This unmet clinical need has driven significant interest in the development of pharmacological therapies for MASLD, including small-molecule inhibitors targeting acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). These

Section snippets Background and contextPatients with cirrhosis are particularly vulnerable to infections and other complications due to immune dysfunction and intestinal barrier impairment, leading to frequent antibiotic use and an associated rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms in this population.[1], [2], [3] Among the antimicrobials frequently employed, rifaximin, a gut-specific antibiotic

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Section snippets Targeting the liver clock improves fibrosis by restoration of TGF-β signallingThe circadian clock (CC) regulates several functions in the liver and perturbations have been shown to be associated with liver disease. Crouchet, Dachraoui and coworkers studied the functional role of CC as a driver and therapeutic target in liver fibrosis. The authors show that CC oscillators are present

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Section snippets Background and contextPrimary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an immune-mediated sclerosing cholangiopathy characterized by stricturing of the biliary tree and a strong association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).1 This is emphasized by the observations of a higher recurrence rate of PSC after liver transplantation in individuals with active IBD and a protective effect of colectomy

Section snippets Uncited reference3.; 4.; 5.; 3.; 4.; 5.. Authors' contributionsTY and QW contributed to the concept of the letter. TY and TB wrote the first draft of the manuscript and performed the statistical analyses. All authors contributed to the methodology, critically revised the manuscript, and approved its final draft. Financial supportThis study was funded by the National Natural Science

Section snippets Financial supportGSK study 209348 Authors’ contributionsThe authors meet criteria for authorship as recommended by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, take responsibility for the integrity of the work as a whole, contributed to the writing and reviewing of the article, and have given final approval for the version to be published. Maria Buti and Jeong Heo contributed

Section snippets Authors' contributionsYong Lv, Zhengyu Wang, Bohan Luo and Guohong Han designed the letter; Yong Lv drafted the letter; Guohong Han revised the letter. Financial supportNone. Declaration of Competing InterestAll authors have nothing to declare.Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details. AcknowledgementsNone.

Section snippets Author’s contributionsKui Wang ,Ying Zhang: Study design & Manuscript Writing.Zhengji Song: Study design & Manuscript Revision. Data availabilityNot applicable Declaration of Competing InterestWe declare there is no any conflict of interest. Acknowledgements & FundingThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82360120), and the Yunnan Province Famous

Section snippets Conflict of interest statement:VTK and FEM have no conflicts to disclose. SZS received a one-time consultant for Siemens and a one-time talk supported by AbbVie. AK has served as speaker for Novo Nordisk, Norgine and Siemens and participated in advisory boards for Siemens, Boehringer Ingelheim and Novo Nordisk, all outside the submitted work. Research support; Astra, Siemens, Nordic

Section snippets Ethical CommitteeThe research was conducted ethically, in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The patient signed a written informed consent form. Authors' contributionsM. Casañas-Martínez, D. Alegre-González and J.D. Mosquera-Lozano are the medical staff who treated the patient. R. Barbero-Herranz is the bioinformatics researcher who analysed the

Progress towards hepatitis B virus (HBV) global elimination has been slow and most countries are far to reach the elimination targets set up by the World Health Organization (WHO). The burden of chronic hepatitis B is mainly bear by resource-limited countries where only a minority of people living with HBV are diagnosed and treated and international guidelines hardly applicable in real-life. In March

Section snippets Authors' contributions:all authors contributed equally to this work Financial support:not applicable.We would like to express our appreciation to Catania et al. for their thorough commentary on the role of hormonal factors in polycystic liver disease (PLD) 1, 2. The authors effectively bolster the case for the role of estrogens in formation and growth of liver cysts in PLD. The striking

Section snippets Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors disclose no conflicts. Financial supportThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82004062), the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CACM (No. 2021-QNRC2-B12) Authors contributionsTY: initial drafting of the manuscript. YH: revision of the manuscript. ML: conception and revision and final

Section snippets DisclosuresNone. Author contributionYuting Guan: Project administration, Writing - Original draft preparation.Qiongguang Huang: Project administration, Writing – Original Review & Editing. FundingNot applicable.

Section snippets Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors declare no conflicts of interest that pertain to this work. Financial support statementNo fundings were received for this research. Data availabilityNo datasets were generated or analysed during the current study. Authors contributionsCX W, ZY H: Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing - Original Draft; HC T: Conceptualization, Methodology

Section snippets Authors’ contributions:Guo-Fu Li concepted and designed the study, analyzed and interpreted the data, and drafted the manuscript; Guiying Gao and Guo Yu contributed to the data collection and analysis; Guo Yu and Guo-Fu Li supervised the study. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript. Data availability statement:The data used in this study can be publicly accessible

Section snippets Financial supportThis work was supported by the National Medical Research Council (NMRC), Singapore (reference number: CIRG22jul-0025, NMRC/OFLCG/003/2018), National Research Foundation, Singapore (ref number: NRF-CRP26-2021-0005) and International Gilead Sciences Research Scholars Program in Liver Disease – Asia. Conflict of interestThe author of this study declares that they do not

Section snippets Financial support statementnone Declaration of Competing InterestMCGJB received honoraria for a lecture for the International Congress on Lipid and Atherosclerosis (paid to institution)

Section snippets Clinical trial numbernot applicable. Author contributionsEdo Dongelmans, MD (Conceptualization: Equal; Writing – original draft: Lead). Harry L.A. Janssen, MD, PhD (Conceptualization: Equal; Supervision: Lead; Writing – review & editing: Equal). Data availability statementnot applicable. Financial supportNo funding was received for this article. Declaration of Competing Interest:Edo

Section snippets Conflict of Interest Disclosures (includes financial disclosures):The authors declare no conflicts of interest associated with this study. The authors declare no financial relationships relevant to this article. Contributors’ Statement PageDr. Okamoto drafted the initial manuscript, and reviewed and revised the manuscript. Prof. Hatano critically reviewed and revised the manuscript

Section snippets Data availability statementAll UK Biobank information is available online (https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/), and data can be accessed upon application (https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk/ enable-your-research/apply-for-access). This research was conducted under application number 55794. Authors’ contributionsQZ, H-WC and RZ drafted the manuscript and performed the main analyses. X-BW and F-RL

Section snippets Financial supportThis study was supported by Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine: Nursing Development Program (SJTUHLXK2024). Authors’ contributionsAll authors contributed to the drafting and revision of this letter. Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors of this study declare that they do not have any conflict of interest.

Section snippets Clinical trial numbernot applicable Financial support statementNo financial support received Authors contributionsconceived and written by the authors Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors do not have any conflict of interest.

Section snippets Authors’ contributionsTTO designed the study and wrote the manuscript, CAP and RA reviewed the paper and made critical revisions. All authors accepted the final version of manuscript for submission. Financial supportThe authors received no financial support to produce this manuscript. Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors declare no conflicts of interest that pertain to this

Section snippets Author’s contributionsHuiwu Xing: Study design & Manuscript Writing.Di Huang and Chen Xue: Study design & Manuscript Revision. Declaration of Competing InterestWe declare there is no any conflict of interest. Acknowledgements & FundingThis work was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M743200 and 2024T170826), the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (GZC20232425)

Section snippets Authors’ contributionsAll authors contributed to writing and critical revision of the latter. Financial support statementNo financial support. Declaration of Competing InterestAuthors declare no conflict of interest.

Section snippets Authors´ contributions:Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou and Juan Carlos García-Pagán wrote the letter. Marta Magaz and Heloïse Giudicelli-Lett critically revised the manuscript Financial support statement:PE Rautou’s research laboratory is supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM EQU202303016287), “Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale” (ATIP AVENIR), the

This position statement explores the intricate relationship between alcohol intake and metabolic dysfunction in the context of the 2023 nomenclature for steatotic liver disease (SLD). Recent and lifetime alcohol use should be accurately assessed in all patients with SLD to facilitate classification of alcohol use in grams of alcohol per week. Alcohol biomarkers (i.e., phosphatidylethanol), use of validated

Section snippets Authors contributionsLG, CE wrote the article, LG, FA performed laboratory and statistical data analysis, TB, FA, RJ revised the manuscript critically Financial supportEuropean Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, grant agreement No 945096. German Research Foundation (DFG) – EN 1100/1-1. Declaration of Competing InterestThere are no conflicts of interest to declare

Section snippets Authors’ contributionsNa Zhu and Xin Li contributed to the concept of the letter. Na Zhu wrote the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript. Financial supportThis work was supported by Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research (2024-1-1203); Dengfeng Talent Support Program of Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals (No.DFL20221601); High-level Public

Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is one of the most prevalent liver conditions globally and a leading cause of liver transplantation, yet therapeutic advancements have not kept pace with its major impact on global morbidity and mortality. This underscores the critical importance of developing and refining relevant preclinical animal models. However, preclinical research has faced significant challenges

Section snippets Author contributionsET, JD, ML contributed to concept and design. ML conducted the Delphi survey, ML performed analyses. All authors contributed to interpretation of results. All authors contributed to writing of the article. Financial support statementNo funding was available for this study. Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors declare that they have no competing interests

It has come to our attention that the following text should have been included in the ‘Financial support’ section of this article: “Dr. Mehal has an appointment at the West Haven VA Medical Center and this work was supported by a US Department of Veterans Office of Research & Development with grant BX003259-05A1”. We apologise for any inconvenience caused.

Section snippets Data availability statement (delete if not applicable)Raw data were generated at Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database. Derived data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author Jeong Ju Yoo on request. Authors' contributionsConceptualization, Jeong-Ju Yoo; Methodology, Jae Young Kim; Formal analysis, Jae Young Kim;