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Modifiable Risk Factors for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Narrative Review With an Emphasis on Common Controversies and Epidemiologic Pitfalls. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-18 Ilari Matias Rautalin,Aleksanteri Asikainen,Miikka Korja
Given the relatively low incidence, high prehospital death rate, substantial geographical differences, and complex disease origin (combination of genetic and environmental risk factors), epidemiologic research on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its risk factors is challenging. In practice, we are more or less forced to exploit compromised study designs and nonrepresentative data in such circumstances
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Neuropsychological Outcomes After Stereo-EEG Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-18 Emily Cockle,Charles B Malpas,Honor Coleman,Alissandra McIlroy,Joshua Laing,Patrick Kwan,Martin Hunn,Matthew Gutman,Cecilia Harb,Cathermine Meade,Wendyl J D'Souza,Amy J Halliday,Kristian Bulluss,Simon J Vogrin,Rubina Alpitsis,Terence J O'Brien,Genevieve Rayner,Andrew Neal
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Stereo-EEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTHC) has been proposed as relatively safe from a cognitive perspective; however, there is a lack of evidence based on neuropsychological assessments supporting this. This study is the first prospective evaluation of neuropsychological outcomes associated with stereo-EEG-guided RFTHC in patients with focal drug-resistant
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Association of Conscious Sedation With Dexmedetomidine and Outcome in Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombectomy in the DEVT and RESCUE-BT Trials. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-18 Chen Gong,Jiacheng Huang,Zhongming Qiu,Meng Guo,Liyuan Chen,Hongfei Sang,Weilin Kong,Liping Huang,Pan Hu,Yangmei Chen,Fengli Li,Thanh N Nguyen,Chang Liu
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although dexmedetomidine (DEX) is widely administered during endovascular treatment (EVT) to enhance procedural adherence of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with large vessel occlusion, there is limited research on the association of DEX and outcomes among these patients. Hence, this study aimed to explore the safety and outcomes of DEX during conscious sedation
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Is Dexmedetomidine Safe for Procedural Sedation During Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Stroke Secondary to Large Vessel Occlusion? Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-18 Zurab Nadareishvili,Dileep R Yavagal
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Cerebral Oxygen Metabolic Stress in Children and Adults With Large Vessel Vasculopathy Due to Sickle Cell Disease. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-15 Yan Wang,Slim Fellah,Martin Reis,Kristin P Guilliams,Melanie E Fields,Karen Steger-May,Amy E Mirro,Josiah B Lewis,Chunwei Ying,Rachel A Cohen,Monica L Hulbert,Allison A King,Yasheng Chen,Jin-Moo Lee,Hongyu An,Andria L Ford
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Large vessel vasculopathy (LVV), or moyamoya syndrome, increases the risk of stroke in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), yet effective treatments are lacking. In atherosclerotic carotid disease, previous studies demonstrated elevated oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) as a predictor of ipsilateral stroke. In a SCD cohort, we examined hemispheric hemodynamic and oxygen
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Evaluating Social Determinants of Health-Based Alternatives to Race-Based Cognitive Normative Models. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-15 Andrea Lauren Christman Schneider,Anny Reyes,James A Henegan,Vidyulata Kamath,Lisa Wruck,James Russell Pike,Alden Gross,Keenan Walker,Anna Kucharska-Newton,Josef Coresh,Thomas H Mosley,Rebecca F Gottesman,Michael Griswold
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Race and ethnicity are proxy measures of sociocultural factors that influence cognitive test performance. Our objective was to compare different regression-based cognitive normative models adjusting for demographics and different combinations of easily accessible/commonly used social determinants of health (SDoH) factors, which may help describe cognitive performance variability
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Child Neurology: Five-Year Update on Siblings With Riboflavin Transporter Deficiency: Stable Visual and Neurologic Status With Continued Riboflavin Therapy. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-15 Marisa A O'Brien,Susan M Culican,Marwan S Shinawi,Craig M Zaidman
Riboflavin transporter deficiency (RTD), previously referred to as Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, is caused by pathogenic variants in the SLC52A1, SLC52A2, or SLC52A3 genes, resulting in RTD types 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Researchers estimate an occurrence of approximately 1 in 1,000,000. There is only one case of type 1 described in medical literature. Type 2 is characterized by muscle weakness
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Endothelial Cell Senescence Effect on the Blood-Brain Barrier in Stroke and Cognitive Impairment. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-14 Maria Guadalupe C Real,Sarina R Falcione,Roobina Boghozian,Michael Clarke,Raluca Todoran,Alexis St Pierre,Yiran Zhang,Twinkle Joy,Glen C Jickling
Age is an important risk factor of stroke, cognitive decline, and dementia. Senescent endothelial cells (ECs) accumulate with advancing age through exposure to cellular stress, such as that exerted by hypertension and diabetes. These senescent ECs have altered characteristics, such as altered tight junction proteins, use of a more indiscriminate transcellular transport system, increased inflammation
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Patterns and Clinical Implications of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Results From the ENCHANTED Study. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-14 Yanan Wang,Toshiki Maeda,Shoujiang You,Chen Chen,Leibo Liu,Zien Zhou,Thompson G Robinson,Richard Iain Lindley,Candice Delcourt,Grant Mair,Joanna M Wardlaw,John Philip Chalmers,Hisatomi Arima,Yining Huang,Jong S Kim,Pablo M Lavados,Tsong-Hai Lee,Christopher Levi,Mark W Parsons,Sheila Co Martins,Jeyaraj Durai Pandian,Octavio M Pontes-Neto,Vijay K Sharma,Thang Huy Nguyen,Jiguang Wang,Simiao Wu,Ming Liu
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hemorrhagic transformation may be a potentially devastating complication of IV thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke, but what degree of hemorrhage indicates the greatest negative effect is not known. We aimed to define the associations between hemorrhagic transformation patterns, classified according to clinical and imaging categories, and clinical outcomes after IVT
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Adverse Effects of Post-Recanalization Hemorrhagic Transformation: Asymptomatic but Not Inconsequential. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-14 Patrick D Lyden
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Resident & Fellow Section: Commemorating 20 Years of Innovation and Growth. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-14 Skyler M Kane,Ariel M Lyons-Warren,Katrina Hannah D Ignacio,Kathleen M Pieper,Katherine A Fu
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Functional Neurologic Disorder, La Lésion Dynamique: 2024 Wartenberg Lecture. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Mark Hallett
Functional neurologic disorder is common and a significant cause of disability and stress in neurologic patients. The nature of this disorder has been unclear. Originally called hysteria, the disorder interested Charcot who postulated that a functional lesion, la lésion dynamique, was responsible. Recent studies of functional neurologic disorders now allow us to understand what la lésion dynamique
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Association of Vascular Risk With Severe vs Non-Severe Stroke: An Analysis of the INTERSTROKE Study. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Catriona Reddin,Michelle Canavan,Graeme J Hankey,Shahram Oveisgharan,Peter Langhorne,Xingyu Wang,Helle Klingenberg Iversen,Fernando Lanas,Fawaz Al-Hussain,Anna Czlonkowska,Aytekin Oğuz,Conor Judge,Annika Rosengren,Denis Xavier,Salim Yusuf,Martin J O'Donnell,
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Acute stroke is associated with a spectrum of functional deficits. The objective of this analysis was to explore whether the importance of individual risk factors differ by stroke severity, which may be of relevance to public health strategies to reduce disability. METHODS INTERSTROKE is an international case-control study of risk factors of first acute stroke (recruitment
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Teaching NeuroImage: Medullary Edema Due to Dural Arteriovenous Fistula: A Potentially Characteristic Imaging Finding. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Maeve Bradley,Gerard Mullane,Daniel Borg,Patrick Nicholson,Fiona Carty,Shane Smyth,Killian O'Rourke,Conor Fearon
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Teaching NeuroImage: Basal Encephaloceles With CSF Rhinorrhea in a Patient With Osteopetrosis. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Prashanth Alle,Sumit Thakar
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Changes Over Time in Short-Term Stroke Outcomes by Race-Ethnicity. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Lynda D Lisabeth,Devin L Brown,Darin B Zahuranec,Erin Case,Madeline Kwicklis,Melinda A Smith,Lewis B Morgenstern
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to quantify trends (2008-2019) in stroke outcomes by race-ethnicity. METHODS Patients with ischemic stroke from a population-based study were interviewed at 90 days to assess outcomes. Linear regression with multiple imputation and inverse probability weighting was used to model trends. RESULTS The median age was 66 years (n = 1,449); 61% were Mexican American
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Facial Hypomimia, Oculomotor Paralysis, and Ataxia Associated With GAD65 and Glycine Receptor Antibodies in a Child. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Zuriñe Ortiz de Zarate Caballero,Amagoia Elosegi Castellanos,Ainhoa García Ribes,María Jesús Martínez-González,Ana Felipe-Rucián,Gemma Olivé-Cirera,Thais Armangue
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Ictal Involvement of the Pulvinar and the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus in Patients With Refractory Epilepsy. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Ryan McGinn,Erica Leah Von Stein,Anjali Datta,Teresa Wu,Zoe Lusk,Spencer Nam,Manveer Dilts-Garcha,Robert S Fisher,Vivek Buch,Josef Parvizi
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) has been shown to be effective in treating some patients with medically refractory epilepsy. However, it remains unknown how seizures spread through the ANT relative to other thalamic nuclei. This study aimed to investigate, through simultaneous recordings from both ANT and pulvinar (PLV) nucleus
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Epidemiology and Impact of Social Hardships in Children With Multiple Sclerosis in the United States. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Elizabeth Wilson,Huong D Meeks,Bradley J Barney,Michael Waltz,Katia Canenguez,T Charles Casper,John W Rose,Moses Rodriguez,Jan-Mendelt Tillema,Tanuja Chitnis,Mark P Gorman,Mary Rensel,Aaron W Abrams,Lauren B Krupp,Timothy E Lotze,Kristen S Fisher,Nikita Malani Shukla,Teri L Schreiner,Soe S Mar,Emmanuelle Waubant,Akash Virupakshaiah,Yolanda S Wheeler,Jayne M Ness,Leslie A Benson,
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Social determinants of health (SDOH) affect patient health outcomes, but the impact on patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) has not been well studied. Study objectives were to (1) describe the frequency of adverse SDOH, (2) evaluate social hardships as a potential barrier to the initiation of disease-modifying therapy (DMT), and (3) explore the association
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Current Landscape of Clinical Diagnosis in Multiple System Atrophy: A 15-Year Analysis From 2008 to 2022. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Hiroaki Sekiya,Philip W Tipton,Miki Kawazoe,Shunsuke Koga,Aya Murakami,Alexia R Maier,Ryan J Uitti,William P Cheshire,Zbigniew K Wszolek,Dennis W Dickson
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Clinical diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA) is challenging. In 2022, new diagnostic criteria for MSA were proposed. We hypothesized that the positive predictive value (PPV) of clinical diagnosis of MSA improved because of advanced diagnostic tools, including brain MRI. This study aimed to understand temporal changes in PPV of MSA. METHODS We conducted a retrospective
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Clinical Reasoning: A 50-Year-Old Man With Ataxia, Dystonia, and Abnormal Ocular Movements. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Baikuntha Panigrahi,Divya Madathiparambil Radhakrishnan,Arti Saini,Venugopalan Y Vishnu,Anu Gupta,Awadh Kishor Pandit,Ayush Agarwal,Divyani Garg,Mamta Bhushan Singh,Rohit Bhatia,Padma Srivastava,Achal Kumar Srivastava,Roopa Rajan
A 50-year-old male patient presented with a 10-year history of progressive cerebellar ataxia, multifocal dystonia with dystonic tremors, and oculomotor abnormalities including bilateral ptosis, slow saccades, and reduced range of ocular movements. There were no signs of cognitive impairment, parkinsonism, autonomic dysfunction, or muscle weakness, and the family history was unremarkable. This case
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Association of Initial Side of Brain Atrophy With Clinical Features and Disease Progression in Patients With GRN Frontotemporal Dementia. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-11 Sergi Borrego-Ecija,Jordi Juncà-Parella,Marijne Vandebergh,Agnès Pérez Millan,Mircea Balasa,Albert Llado,Arabella Bouzigues,Lucy Louise Russell,Phoebe H Foster,Eve Ferry-Bolder,John C Van Swieten,Lize Corrine Jiskoot,Harro Seelaar,Robert Laforce,Caroline Graff,Daniela Galimberti,Rik Vandenberghe,Alexandre de Mendonça,Pietro Tiraboschi,Isabel Santana,Alexander Gerhard,Johannes Levin,Sandro Sorbi,Markus
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pathogenic variants in the GRN gene cause frontotemporal dementia (FTD-GRN) with marked brain asymmetry. This study aims to assess whether the disease progression of FTD-GRN depends on the initial side of the atrophy. We also investigated the potential use of brain asymmetry as a biomarker of the disease. METHODS Retrospective examination of data from the prospective Genetic
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Association of Changes in Cerebral and Hypothalamic Structure With Sleep Dysfunction in Patients With Genetic Frontotemporal Dementia. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-11 P Tristin Best,John C Van Swieten,Lize Corrine Jiskoot,Fermin Moreno,Raquel Sánchez-Valle,Robert Laforce,Caroline Graff,Mario Masellis,Carmela Tartaglia,James B Rowe,Barbara Borroni,Elizabeth Finger,Matthis Synofzik,Daniela Galimberti,Rik Vandenberghe,Alexandre de Mendonça,Christopher Butler,Alexander Gerhard,Isabelle Le Ber,Pietro Tiraboschi,Isabel Santana,Florence Pasquier,Johannes Levin,Markus Otto
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Sleep dysfunction is common in patients with neurodegenerative disorders; however, its neural underpinnings remain poorly characterized in genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Hypothalamic nuclei important for sleep regulation may be related to this dysfunction. Thus, we examined changes in hypothalamic structure across the lifespan in patients with genetic FTD and whether
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Myopathy: The Double-Edged Sword of Cancer Immunotherapy. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-08 Grayson Beecher,Iago Pinal-Fernandez,Andrew L Mammen,Teerin Liewluck
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of several malignancies, with improved survival. These monoclonal antibodies target immune checkpoints, including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (ipilimumab and tremelimumab), programmed death 1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, and dostarlimab), programmed death ligand 1 (atezolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab)
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Modified Delphi Study to Establish Consensus About Child Neurology Residency Education: Next-Gen Training. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-08 Rachel Gottlieb-Smith,Danny Rogers,Donald L Gilbert
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Rapid advances in diagnostics and treatments are shifting child neurology practice, but child neurology training requirements have been much slower to change. Previous literature confirms strong support for modernization, but no formal consensus exists regarding maintaining or changing training. We aimed to develop a holistic consensus regarding the optimal training pathway
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Consent-Related Outcomes in the Alteplase Compared to Tenecteplase Trial. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Michel C Shamy,Brian Dewar,Yan Deschaintre,Nishita Singh,Carol Kenney,Mohammed A Almekhlafi,Ayoola Ademola,Brian H Buck,Tolulope T Sajobi,Luciana Catanese,Kayla D Sage,Dar Dowlatshahi,Laura C Gioia,Aleksander Tkach,Richard H Swartz,Bijoy K Menon
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In recent years, researchers have sought to address the challenges of obtaining informed consent for participation in acute stroke trials. We studied outcomes related to the use of deferral of consent in the phase 3 Alteplase Compared to Tenecteplase (AcT) trial. METHODS As part of our protocol, we captured methods of consent, participant withdrawals, door-to-randomization
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What Are the Central Mechanisms of Cough and Their Neurologic Implications? Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Reece M Hass,Eduardo E Benarroch
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Understanding Alternatives to Traditional Informed Consent in Acute Stroke Trials. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Yasmin N Aziz,Joseph P Broderick
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Association of Sleep Disturbances With Prevalent and Incident Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome in Community-Residing Older Adults. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Victoire Leroy,Emmeline Ayers,Dristi Adhikari,Joe Verghese
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is growing evidence that sleep disturbances are associated with cognitive impairment risk, but their association with the incidence of motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR)-a predementia syndrome characterized by slow gait speed and cognitive complaints-is unknown. We aimed to examine the association of sleep disturbances, overall and specific subtypes, with (1) incident
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Health-Related Behaviors and Risk of Common Age-Related Brain Diseases Across Severities of Genetic Risk. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Sandro Marini,Tamara N Kimball,Ernst Mayerhofer,Reinier W P Tack,Jasper R Senff,Savvina Prapiadou,Cyprien A Rivier,Jonathan Duskin,Christina Kourkoulis,Guido J Falcone,Nirupama Yechoor,Rudolph E Tanzi,Jonathan Rosand,Sanjula Singh,Livia Parodi,Christopher D Anderson
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The 21-point Brain Care Score (BCS) is an index that ranks behaviors and clinical measurements with the aim of encouraging lifestyle adjustments to lower the incidence of age-related brain disease, including stroke, late-life depression (LLD), and dementia. A higher BCS at baseline is associated with a lower risk of these outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether the associations
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Association of Cerebrovascular Reactivity With 1-Year Imaging and Clinical Outcomes in Small Vessel Disease: An Observational Cohort Study. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Emilie Sleight,Michael S Stringer,Una Clancy,Carmen Arteaga-Reyes,Daniela Jaime Garcia,Angela C C Jochems,Stewart Wiseman,Maria Valdes Hernandez,Francesca M Chappell,Fergus N Doubal,Ian Marshall,Michael J Thrippleton,Joanna M Wardlaw
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In patients with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), impaired cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is related to worse concurrent SVD burden, but less is known about cerebrovascular reactivity and long-term SVD lesion progression and clinical outcomes. We investigated associations between cerebrovascular reactivity and 1-year progression of SVD features and clinical outcomes
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Multimodal Assessment of the Origin of Myoclonus in Lance-Adams Syndrome. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Geoffroy Vellieux,Emmanuelle Apartis,Paul Baudin,Manuel Alejandro Del Río Quiñones,Diane Villemonte de la Clergerie,Aurélie Kas,Vincent Navarro,
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Lance-Adams syndrome (LAS), or chronic posthypoxic myoclonus, is a long-term disabling neurologic disorder occurring in survivors of anoxia. The cortical or subcortical origin of this myoclonus is unclear. We aimed to identify the neuroanatomical origin of myoclonus in LAS. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study and investigated patients diagnosed with LAS from the Department
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Lance-Adams Syndrome: It Really Comes From the Cortex! Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Jonathan C van Zijl,Martijn Beudel
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Optimizing Anti-Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein and IgM-Gammopathy Testing for Neuropathy Treatment Evaluation. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Christopher J Klein,James D Triplett,David L Murray,Amy P Gorsh,Shahar Shelly,Divyanshu Dubey,Marcus V Pinto,Stephen M Ansell,Michael P Skolka,Grace Swart,Michelle L Mauermann,John R Mills
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Patients with typical anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (anti-MAG) neuropathy have IgM-gammopathy, mimic distal chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), and are treatment resistant. Anti-MAG patients go unrecognized when IgM-gammopathy is undetected or with atypical phenotypes. We investigated an optimal anti-MAG titration cutoff for excluding CIDP
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Clinical and Radiographic Improvement Following Steroid Therapy in Subacute Post-Traumatic Ascending Myelopathy. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Olumide Emmanuel Adegunna,Anuj Rastogi,Nathan Chan Smyth,Daniel M Mandell,Alfonso Fasano
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Epidemiologic Study of Myasthenia Gravis in the Elderly US Population: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Medicare Claims Database, 2006-2019. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 David Bruckman,Ikjae Lee,Jesse D Schold,Benjamin R Claytor,Nicholas J Silvestri,Michael K Hehir,Yuebing Li
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Epidemiologic studies suggest increasing incidence and prevalence of myasthenia gravis (MG) among the elderly population outside the United States. We aimed to provide an estimation of MG incidence and prevalence and their trend among the Medicare Fee-For-Service (FFS)-covered elderly US population. METHODS We performed a retrospective longitudinal study using Medicare claims
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Disentangling Neurodegeneration From Aging in Multiple Sclerosis Using Deep Learning: The Brain-Predicted Disease Duration Gap. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Giuseppe Pontillo,Ferran Prados,Jordan Colman,Baris Kanber,Omar Abdel-Mannan,Sarmad Al-Araji,Barbara Bellenberg,Alessia Bianchi,Alvino Bisecco,Wallace J Brownlee,Arturo Brunetti,Alessandro Cagol,Massimiliano Calabrese,Marco Castellaro,Ronja Christensen,Sirio Cocozza,Elisa Colato,Sara Collorone,Rosa Cortese,Nicola De Stefano,Christian Enzinger,Massimo Filippi,Michael A Foster,Antonio Gallo,Claudio Gasperini
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Disentangling brain aging from disease-related neurodegeneration in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is increasingly topical. The brain-age paradigm offers a window into this problem but may miss disease-specific effects. In this study, we investigated whether a disease-specific model might complement the brain-age gap (BAG) by capturing aspects unique to MS. METHODS
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Lumipulse-Measured Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Alzheimer Disease. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Michelle Safransky,Jenna R Groh,Kaj Blennow,Henrik Zetterberg,Yorghos Tripodis,Brett Martin,Jason Weller,Breton M Asken,Gil D Rabinovici,Wendy Wei Qiao Qiu,Ann C McKee,Thor D Stein,Jesse Mez,Rachel L Henson,Justin Long,John C Morris,Richard J Perrin,Suzanne E Schindler,Michael L Alosco
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES CSF biomarkers of Aβ42 and phosphorylated tau (p-tau181) are used clinically for the detection of Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology during life. CSF biomarker validation studies have largely used clinical diagnoses and/or amyloid PET imaging as the reference standard. The few existing CSF-to-autopsy studies have been restricted to late-stage AD. This CSF-to-autopsy study investigated
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Teaching NeuroImage: Use of Arterial Spin Labeling to Differentiate Ictal Phenomenon From Tumor Progression in Grade 3 Astrocytoma. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Anza Zahid,Nithisha Thatikonda,Prachi Dubey,Ivo W Tremont-Lukats
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Teaching Video NeuroImage: Noogenic Epilepsy With Orofacial Reflex Myoclonus: A Rare Distinct Electroclinical Syndrome. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Jayakumari Nandana,Karamala Yalapalli Manisha,Prasannakumar Surabhi,Surendran Veena,Kiren George Koshy,Ramshekhar N Menon,Ashalatha Radhakrishnan
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Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Dementia, and Alzheimer Neuropathologic Changes: Findings From the ACT Autopsy Cohort. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-31 Mo-Kyung Sin,Yan Cheng,Ali Ahmed,Jeffrey M Roseman,N Maritza Dowling,Edward Zamrini
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is common in older adults and is associated with dementia. Less is known whether this association is mediated by Alzheimer disease (AD) neuropathologic changes, the examination of which was the objective of this study. METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional examination of the Kaiser Permanente Washington database of the Adult Changes
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Diagnosis of Incident Cancer After Cryptogenic Stroke: An Exploratory Analysis of the ARCADIA Randomized Trial. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-31 Babak B Navi,Cenai Zhang,Benjamin R Miller,Anokhi Pawar,Mary Cushman,Scott E Kasner,David Tirschwell,W T Longstreth,Richard Kronmal,Jordan Elm,Richard M Zweifler,Joseph Tarsia,Joseph P Broderick,David J Gladstone,Morin Beyeler,Hooman Kamel,Mitchell S V Elkind,Christopher Streib
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence, timing, and type of new cancer diagnosis among patients with cryptogenic stroke. METHODS We used data from the ARCADIA trial, which enrolled patients with cryptogenic stroke and atrial cardiopathy. Participants were prospectively followed, and serious adverse events were assessed every 3 months or sooner if investigators were alerted
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MRI-Based Prediction of Macrovascular Causes of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The MACRO Score. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-31 Simon Fandler-Höfler,Gareth Ambler,Martina B Goeldlin,Lena Obergottsberger,Gerit Wünsch,Markus Kneihsl,Wenpeng Zhang,Yang Du,Martina Locatelli,Hatice Ozkan,Philip S Nash,Oliver Nistl,Larysa Panteleienko,Rom Mendel,Kitti Thiankhaw,Robert J Simister,Hans Rolf Jäger,Christian Enzinger,David J Seiffge,Thomas Gattringer,David J Werring
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although most spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) are due to cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs), between 1 in 7 and 1 in 10 are due to a macrovascular cause. Rapid diagnosis has important therapeutic and prognostic implications but sometimes requires digital subtraction angiography (DSA), an invasive procedure which cannot be performed in all patients. MRI provides
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Teaching NeuroImage: Superficial Siderosis in Marfan Syndrome. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 João Cláudio Urbano,Adalberto Studart-Neto,Rodrigo H Mendonça,Eduardo G Mutarelli,Cristiana Borges Pereira
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Prevalence of, and Disability Due to, Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder in Japan by the Fifth Nationwide Survey. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Mitsuru Watanabe,Noriko Isobe,Masaaki Niino,Ichiro Nakashima,Takuya Matsushita,Yasunari Sakai,Jin Nakahara,Izumi Kawachi,Hirofumi Ochi,Yuji Nakatsuji,Yosikazu Nakamura,Koshi Nakamura,Kiyomi Sakata,Makoto Matsui,Satoshi Kuwabara,Jun-Ichi Kira,
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES All 4 previous nationwide surveys of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Japan were conducted before the discovery of anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies; thus, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) was included in MS, as optic-spinal MS. We aimed to clarify the epidemiologic features and trends of MS and NMOSD in Japan separately using a fifth nationwide survey. METHODS The
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Immune-Mediated Megaconial Myopathy: A Novel Subtype of Autoimmune Myopathy. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Ashley R Santilli,Oliver Ni,Margherita Milone,Duygu Selcen,Anahit C Mehrabyan,Arjun Seth,Christine Hsieh,Wasim F Raslan,Moayd M Alkhalifah,Raed M Alenezi,Stefan Nicolau,Pannathat Soontrapa,Teerin Liewluck
OBJECTIVES To describe a novel subtype of autoimmune myopathy, immune-mediated megaconial myopathy (IMMM), myopathologically characterized by giant mitochondria (megaconia). METHODS In this case series, we reviewed the Mayo Clinic Muscle Pathology database, between 2018 and 2023, to identify patients with megaconial pathology, subacute progressive weakness, and hyperCKemia, clinically resembling myositis
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Costs Are Still on the Rise for Commonly Prescribed Branded Neurologic Medications. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Amanda V Gusovsky,Chun Chieh Lin,Kevin Kerber,Evan L Reynolds,Brian C Callaghan,James F Burke
OBJECTIVES To observe medication cost trends for 5 common neurologic conditions. METHODS We quantified annual out-of-pocket (OOP) and total medication costs for patients seen by a neurologist with epilepsy, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson disease (PD), peripheral neuropathy (PN), and dementia/Alzheimer's disease in a commercial claims database cross-sectionally from 2012 to 2021. RESULTS We identified
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Author Response: Statin Therapy for Secondary Prevention in Ischemic Stroke Patients With Cerebral Microbleeds. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Luis Prats-Sanchez,David J Werring,Joan Marti-Fabregas
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Editors' Note: Statin Therapy for Secondary Prevention in Ischemic Stroke Patients With Cerebral Microbleeds. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Aravind Ganesh,Steven L Galetta
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Journal Club: PET Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Prognostic Implications. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Nara M Michaelson,Eric C Klawiter,Tarun Singhal
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Pearls & Oy-sters: Breaking Bad CIDP: Recognition of Anti-NF155 Autoimmune Nodopathy in Refractory CIDP. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Roopa Sharma,Nicholas J Bellacicco,Walter G Husar,James H Park,Eric Lancaster,Madeline Singer
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Author Response: Predictors of Seizure Recurrence in Women With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Who Switch From Valproate to Another Medication. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Emanuele Cerulli Irelli,Barbara Mostacci,Carlo Di Bonaventura
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Reader Response: Predictors of Seizure Recurrence in Women With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Who Switch From Valproate to Another Medication. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Nitin K Sethi
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Person-Directed Ictal Pointing Gesture During a Focal Seizure: Intracranial EEG Correlation. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Fawad Khan,Evan Nelson,Colin Curtis
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Atypical Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Presenting With Cortical Laminar Necrosis. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Casandra MacLeod,John D Bireley,Merry M Huang,Matthew P Kiczek,Andrew Blake Buletko
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Reader Response: Statin Therapy for Secondary Prevention in Ischemic Stroke Patients With Cerebral Microbleeds. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Caroline A Kellogg,James E Siegler
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National and Subnational Trends of Mortality and Years of Life Lost Due to Stroke and Its Subtypes in Young Adults in China, 2005-2020. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-25 Zixin Wang,Yi Ren,Wei Liu,Jiamin Li,Jiameng Li,Chen Zhang,Lijun Wang,Maigeng Zhou,Junwei Hao,Peng Yin,Qingfeng Ma
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The incidence of stroke among young adults was rising globally, but the death burden of stroke in young adults in China is lacking. We aimed to examine the temporal trends in mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) caused by stroke among young adults from 2005 to 2020 across China. METHODS Based on the data from the National Mortality Surveillance System in China, we estimated
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Phenoconversion in Women and Men With Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-25 Christina A Alexandres,Stuart J McCarter,Grace M Tabatabai,Laurene LeClair-Visonneau,John C Feemster,Thomas R Gossard,Emma P Strainis,Jack T Jagielski,Makayla R Kelleher,Thomas Finstuen,Farwa Ali,Hugo Botha,Jonathan Graff-Radford,Eric J Olson,David J Sandness,Timothy J Morgenthaler,Kejal Kantarci,Rodolfo Savica,Wolfgang Singer,Naima Covassin,Virend K Somers,James L Kirkland,Mithri Junna,Melissa Lipford
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is strongly associated with synucleinopathies. Previous iRBD cohort studies have primarily focused on older (>50 years), male-predominant cohorts. Risk of phenoconversion in women and younger adults remains unclear. The study aimed to determine clinical features associated with conversion to a defined neurodegenerative disorder in
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Teaching NeuroImage: Subharmonic Frequency Occipital Spikes. Neurology (IF 7.7) Pub Date : 2024-10-25 Margaret C Savage,John R McLaren