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Causal diagrams for disease latency bias Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-14 Mahyar Etminan, Ramin Rezaeianzadeh, Mohammad A Mansournia
Background Disease latency is defined as the time from disease initiation to disease diagnosis. Disease latency bias (DLB) can arise in epidemiological studies that examine latent outcomes, since the exact timing of the disease inception is unknown and might occur before exposure initiation, potentially leading to bias. Although DLB can affect epidemiological studies that examine different types of
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Socio-economic status and head and neck cancer incidence in the Nordic countries Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-12 Rayan Nikkilä, Timo Carpén, Johnni Hansen, Sanna Heikkinen, Elsebeth Lynge, Jan Ivar Martinsen, Jenny Selander, Ingrid Sivesind Mehlum, Jóhanna Eyrún Torfadóttir, Antti Mäkitie, Eero Pukkala
Background The impact of societal factors on the occurrence of head and neck cancers (HNCs) remains understudied, especially in the Nordic countries. Methods To quantify the association between socio-economic status (SES) and the occurrence of HNCs, this cohort study uses data from the Nordic Occupational Cancer project that combine occupational and cancer registry data from 1961 to 2005 of 14.9 million
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Use of an emulated trial to investigate the association between use of nitrogen-based bisphosphonates and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-12 Karen M Tuesley, Katrina Spilsbury, Penelope M Webb, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Peter Donovan, Michael D Coory, Christopher B Steer, Louise M Stewart, Nirmala Pandeya, Melinda M Protani, Suzanne Dixon-Suen, Louise Marquart-Wilson, Susan J Jordan
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the eighth most common cancer in women, with poor survival outcomes. Observational evidence suggests that nitrogen-based bisphosphonate (NBB) use may be associated with reduced risk of EOC, particularly the endometrioid and serous histotypes; however, confounding by indication is a concern. An alternative approach to investigate the chemo-preventive potential
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Short-term associations of PM10 attributed to biomass burning with respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions in Peninsular Malaysia Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 Muhammad Abdul Basit Ahmad Tajudin, Lina Madaniyazi, Xerxes Seposo, Mazrura Sahani, Aurelio Tobías, Mohd Talib Latif, Wan Rozita Wan Mahiyuddin, Mohd Faiz Ibrahim, Shingo Tamaki, Kazuhiko Moji, Masahiro Hashizume, Chris Fook Sheng Ng
Background Biomass burning (BB) is a major source of air pollution and particulate matter (PM) in Southeast Asia. However, the health effects of PM smaller than 10 µm (PM10) originating from BB may differ from those of other sources. This study aimed to estimate the short-term association of PM10 from BB with respiratory and cardiovascular hospital admissions in Peninsular Malaysia, a region often
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Beyond lung cancer: air pollution and bladder, breast and prostate cancer incidence Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Inass Kayyal-Tarabeia, Aviad Zick, Itai Kloog, Ilan Levy, Michael Blank, Keren Agay-Shay
Background The carcinogenicity of air pollution and its impact on the risk of lung cancer is well known; however, there are still knowledge gaps and mixed results for other sites of cancer. Methods The current study aimed to evaluate the associations between ambient air pollution [fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)] and cancer incidence. Exposure assessment was based on historical
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Prospective evaluation of the relevance of Epstein–Barr virus antibodies for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese adults Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Ling Yang, Christiana Kartsonaki, Julia Simon, Pang Yao, Yu Guo, Jun Lv, Robin G Walters, Yiping Chen, Hannah Fry, Daniel Avery, Canqing Yu, Jianrong Jin, Alexander J Mentzer, Naomi Allen, Julia Butt, Michael Hill, Liming Li, Iona Y Millwood, Tim Waterboer, Zhengming Chen
Background Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a major cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and measurement of different EBV antibodies in blood may improve early detection of NPC. Prospective studies can help assess the roles of different EBV antibodies in predicting NPC risk over time. Methods A case-cohort study within the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank of 512 715 adults from 10 (including two NPC
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Inverse probability weighting for self-selection bias correction in the investigation of social inequality in mortality Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Gitte Lindved Petersen, Terese Sara Høj Jørgensen, Jimmi Mathisen, Merete Osler, Erik Lykke Mortensen, Drude Molbo, Charlotte Ørsted Hougaard, Theis Lange, Rikke Lund
Background Empirical evaluation of inverse probability weighting (IPW) for self-selection bias correction is inaccessible without the full source population. We aimed to: (i) investigate how self-selection biases frequency and association measures and (ii) assess self-selection bias correction using IPW in a cohort with register linkage. Methods The source population included 17 936 individuals invited
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Estimating lead-attributable mortality burden by socioeconomic status in the USA Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-11 Chengzhe Tao, Zhi Li, Yun Fan, Yuna Huang, Tingya Wan, Mingxue Shu, Shuwen Han, Hong Qian, Wenkai Yan, Qiaoqiao Xu, Yankai Xia, Chuncheng Lu, You Li
Background This study aimed to estimate population-level and state-level lead-attributable mortality burdens stratified by socioeconomic status (SES) class in the USA. Methods Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we constructed individual-level SES scores from income, employment, education and insurance data. We assessed the association between the blood lead levels
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Mapping complex public health problems with causal loop diagrams Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-11 Jeroen F Uleman, Karien Stronks, Harry Rutter, Onyebuchi A Arah, Naja Hulvej Rod
This paper presents causal loop diagrams (CLDs) as tools for studying complex public health problems like health inequality. These problems often involve feedback loops—a characteristic of complex systems not fully integrated into mainstream epidemiology. CLDs are conceptual models that visualize connections between system variables. They are commonly developed through literature reviews or participatory
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Epidemiology of neural tube defects in Finland: a nationwide register study 1987–2018 Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Jenny Lempinen, Eeva Koskimies-Virta, Tuuli Kauppala, Heli Malm, Mika Gissler, Sonja Kiuru-Kuhlefelt, Annukka Ritvanen, Maarit K Leinonen
Background Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence, mortality, regional and sex distribution of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Finland. Methods Data for this population-based study were collected from 1987 to 2018 from the national health and social welfare registers. Results There were in total 1634 cases of NTDs, of which 511 were live births, 72 pregnancies ended in stillbirth and 1051 were terminations
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Assessment of unmeasured confounding in the association between perceived discrimination and mental health in a predominantly African American cohort using g-estimation Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Jiajun Luo, Loren Saulsberry, William Isaac Krakowka, Habibul Ahsan, Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy
Background Perceived discrimination in health care settings can have adverse consequences on mental health in minority groups. However, the association between perceived discrimination and mental health is prone to unmeasured confounding. The study aims to quantitatively evaluate the influence of unmeasured confounding in this association, using g-estimation. Methods In a predominantly African American
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Epidemiology of elective induction of labour: a timeless exposure. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-12 Jonathan M Snowden,Shalmali Bane,Sarah S Osmundson,Michelle C Odden,Suzan L Carmichael
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Effect modification by statin use status on the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cardiovascular mortality. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-12 Li Bai,Jeffrey C Kwong,Jay S Kaufman,Tarik Benmarhnia,Chen Chen,Aaron van Donkelaar,Randall V Martin,JinHee Kim,Hong Lu,Richard T Burnett,Hong Chen
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have linked fine particulate matter (PM2.5) to increased cardiovascular mortality. Less is known how the PM2.5-cardiovascular mortality association varies by use of cardiovascular medications. This study sought to quantify effect modification by statin use status on the associations between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and mortality from any cardiovascular cause, coronary
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Cohort Profile: Indian Study of Healthy Ageing (ISHA-Barshi). Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-12 Sharayu Sitaram Mhatre,Fiona Bragg,Nandkumar Panse,Parminder Kaur Judge,Ankita Manjrekar,Julie Ann Burrett,Suchita Patil,George Davey Smith,Lekha Kotkar,Caroline L Relton,Pravin Doibale,Bipin Gadhave,Pankaj Chaturvedi,Paul Sherliker,Prabhat Jha,Sarah Lewington,Rajesh Dikshit
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Cohort Profile: Migrant Health Follow-Up Study (MHFUS) of internal migration in South Africa. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-12 Carren Ginsburg,Mark A Collinson,Chantel F Pheiffer,F Xavier Gómez-Olivé,Sadson Harawa,Stephen T McGarvey,Daniel Ohene-Kwofie,Andrew D Foster,Tyler W Myroniuk,Mark N Lurie,Stephen M Tollman,Michael J White
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Reweighting UK Biobank corrects for pervasive selection bias due to volunteering Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Sjoerd van Alten, Benjamin W Domingue, Jessica Faul, Titus Galama, Andries T Marees
Background Biobanks typically rely on volunteer-based sampling. This results in large samples (power) at the cost of representativeness (bias). The problem of volunteer bias is debated. Here, we (i) show that volunteering biases associations in UK Biobank (UKB) and (ii) estimate inverse probability (IP) weights that correct for volunteer bias in UKB. Methods Drawing on UK Census data, we constructed
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Dietary intake of copper and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Michele Sassano, Giulia Collatuzzo, Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Claudio Pelucchi, Rossella Bonzi, Domenico Palli, Monica Ferraroni, Nuno Lunet, Samantha Morais, Lizbeth López-Carrillo, Reza Malekzadeh, Mohammadreza Pakseresht, Malaquias López-Cervantes, Mary H Ward, Maria Constanza Camargo, Maria Paula Curado, Jesùs Vioque, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Stefania Boccia, Eva Negri, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Boffetta
Background Evidence on the potential association between dietary copper intake and gastric cancer (GC) is lacking. Thus, we aimed to evaluate this association within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project—an international consortium of epidemiological studies on GC. Methods Data from five case–control studies within the StoP Project were included (2448 cases, 4350 controls). We estimated adjusted
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The impact of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative on breastfeeding rates at maternity units in France. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Andrea Guajardo-Villar,Camille Pelat,Beatrice Blondel,Elodie Lebreton,Virginie Demiguel,Benoit Salanave,Ayoub Mitha,Hugo Pilkington,Nolwenn Regnault,
BACKGROUND The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is associated with improved breastfeeding outcomes in many high-income countries including the UK and the USA, but its effectiveness has never been evaluated in France. We investigated the impact of the BFHI on breastfeeding rates in French maternity units in 2010, 2016 and 2021 to assess if the BFHI aids to reduce inequalities in breastfeeding
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The impact of underreported infections on vaccine effectiveness estimates derived from retrospective cohort studies. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Chiara Sacco,Mattia Manica,Valentina Marziano,Massimo Fabiani,Alberto Mateo-Urdiales,Giorgio Guzzetta,Stefano Merler,Patrizio Pezzotti
BACKGROUND Surveillance data and vaccination registries are widely used to provide real-time vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates, which can be biased due to underreported (i.e. under-ascertained and under-notified) infections. Here, we investigate how the magnitude and direction of this source of bias in retrospective cohort studies vary under different circumstances, including different levels of
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Evidence-based coaching of core competencies in epidemiology, using the framework of randomized controlled trials: the Zurich approach. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Thomas Radtke,Viktor von Wyl,Sarah R Haile,Sabine Rohrmann,Anja Frei,Milo A Puhan
Teaching epidemiological concepts in academic settings poses a challenge due to the intricate nature of the discipline as both a science and a practice. Whereas traditional classroom-based teaching methods are commonly employed, evidence suggests they may not be the most effective approach for fostering core competencies and skills required in real-life scientific work. In this article, we describe
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Temporal trends in disparities in COVID-19 seropositivity among Canadian blood donors. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Yuan Yu,Matthew J Knight,Diana Gibson,Sheila F O'Brien,David L Buckeridge,W Alton Russell
BACKGROUND In Canada's largest COVID-19 serological study, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in blood donors have been monitored since 2020. No study has analysed changes in the association between anti-N seropositivity (a marker of recent infection) and geographic and sociodemographic characteristics over the pandemic. METHODS Using Bayesian multi-level models with spatial effects at the census division level
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Data Resource Profile: The HUNT Biobank. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Marit Næss,Kirsti Kvaløy,Elin P Sørgjerd,Kristin S Sætermo,Lise Norøy,Ann Helen Røstad,Nina Hammer,Trine Govasli Altø,Anne Jorunn Vikdal,Kristian Hveem
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Weight training and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality among older adults. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Prathiyankara Shailendra,Katherine L Baldock,Lok Sze Katrina Li,Jessica Gorzelitz,Charles E Matthews,Britton Trabert,Jason A Bennie,Terry Boyle
BACKGROUND While previous studies indicate muscle-strengthening exercises may reduce mortality risk, further research is needed to increase certainty of the evidence. We investigated overall and dose-response associations between weight training and the risks of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality in a large cohort of older adults with long follow-up time and a large number
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Cohort Profile Update: The New South Wales Child Development Study (NSW-CDS) - Wave 3 (child age ∼18 years). Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Melissa J Green,Oliver J Watkeys,Felicity Harris,Kirstie O'Hare,Tyson Whitten,Stacy Tzoumakis,Kristin R Laurens,Emma J Carpendale,Kimberlie Dean,Vaughan J Carr
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Cohort Profile: The PELAGIE mother-child cohort. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Charline Warembourg,Christine Monfort,Nathalie Costet,Florence Rouget,Fabienne Pelé,Ronan Garlantézec,Sylvaine Cordier,Cécile Chevrier
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Scorpion sting envenomation: should it be considered a neglected tropical disease? Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Eduardo Alfonso Hernández-Muñoz,Eugenio Vladimir Zavala-Sánchez
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Cohort Profile Update: The Glostrup Population Studies 1964-2024. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Line Tang Møllehave,Anja Lykke Madsen,Freja Bach Kampmann,Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard,Thomas Meinertz Dantoft,Katja Biering Leth-Møller,Sanne Marie Thysen,Signe Ulfbeck Schovsbo,Rikke Kart Jacobsen,Mette Aadahl,Merete Osler,Torben Jørgensen,Allan Linneberg,Line Lund Kårhus
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Ambient fine particulate matter and daily mortality: a comparative analysis of observed and estimated exposure in 347 cities. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Wenhua Yu,Wenzhong Huang,Antonio Gasparrini,Francesco Sera,Alexandra Schneider,Susanne Breitner,Jan Kyselý,Joel Schwartz,Joana Madureira,Vânia Gaio,Yue Leon Guo,Rongbin Xu,Gongbo Chen,Zhengyu Yang,Bo Wen,Yao Wu,Antonella Zanobetti,Haidong Kan,Jiangning Song,Shanshan Li,Yuming Guo,
BACKGROUND Model-estimated air pollution exposure products have been widely used in epidemiological studies to assess the health risks of particulate matter with diameters of ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5). However, few studies have assessed the disparities in health effects between model-estimated and station-observed PM2.5 exposures. METHODS We collected daily all-cause, respiratory and cardiovascular mortality
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Identification of potential mediators of the relationship between body mass index and colorectal cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Emmanouil Bouras,Dipender Gill,Verena Zuber,Neil Murphy,Niki Dimou,Krasimira Aleksandrova,Sarah J Lewis,Richard M Martin,James Yarmolinsky,Demetrius Albanes,Hermann Brenner,Sergi Castellví-Bel,Andrew T Chan,Iona Cheng,Stephen Gruber,Bethany Van Guelpen,Christopher I Li,Loic Le Marchand,Polly A Newcomb,Shuji Ogino,Andrew Pellatt,Stephanie L Schmit,Alicja Wolk,Anna H Wu,Ulrike Peters,Marc J Gunter,Konstantinos
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third-most-common cancer worldwide and its rates are increasing. Elevated body mass index (BMI) is an established risk factor for CRC, although the molecular mechanisms behind this association remain unclear. Using the Mendelian randomization (MR) framework, we aimed to investigate the mediating effects of putative biomarkers and other CRC risk factors in the
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Cohort Profile: Barcelona Life Study Cohort (BiSC). Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Payam Dadvand,Mireia Gascon,Mariona Bustamante,Ioar Rivas,Maria Foraster,Xavier Basagaña,Marta Cosín,Elisenda Eixarch,Muriel Ferrer,Eduard Gratacós,Laura Gómez Herrera,Pol Jimenez-Arenas,Jordi Júlvez,Àlex Morillas,Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen,Cecília Persavento,Jesús Pujol,Xavier Querol,Olga Sánchez García,Martine Vrijheid,Elisa Llurba,María Dolores Gómez-Roig,Jordi Sunyer,
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Data Resource Profile: A national linked mother-baby cohort of health, education and social care data in England (ECHILD-MB). Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Qi Feng,Georgina Ireland,Ruth Gilbert,Katie Harron
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Unravelling race inequities in cardiovascular disease mortality among cancer survivors: new insights and future directions. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Lauren E McCullough,Lindsay J Collin,Muriel Statman
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Cohort Profile Update: Magu Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Tanzania. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Mark Urassa,Milly Marston,Charles Mangya,Jacqueline Materu,Duplessis Elsabe,Kinung'hi Safari,Sophia Kagoye,Jim Todd,Ties Boerma
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Data Resource Profile: Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service Covid-19 Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (HIRA Covid-19 OMOP) database in South Korea. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Chungsoo Kim,Dong Han Yu,Hyeran Baek,Jaehyeong Cho,Seng Chan You,Rae Woong Park
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Factor modification in the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and liver cancer risk in a nationwide cohort. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Su Youn Nam,Junwoo Jo,Won Kee Lee,Chang Min Cho
BACKGROUND/AIMS The effect modification by smoking and menopausal status in the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and liver cancer risk has not been reported. METHODS This population-based cohort study included 4.486 million cancer-free individuals among those who underwent national cancer screening in 2010 and were followed up until December 2017. We conducted analyses
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Influence of age and sex on longitudinal metabolic profiles and body weight trajectories in the UK Biobank. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Ville-Petteri Mäkinen,Mika Ala-Korpela
BACKGROUND Accurate characterization of how age influences body weight and metabolism at different stages of life is important for understanding ageing processes. Here, we explore observational longitudinal associations between metabolic health and weight from the fifth to the seventh decade of life, using carefully adjusted statistical designs. METHODS Body measures and biochemical data from blood
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Spatial Bayesian distributed lag non-linear models (SB-DLNM) for small-area exposure-lag-response epidemiological modelling. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Marcos Quijal-Zamorano,Miguel A Martinez-Beneito,Joan Ballester,Marc Marí-Dell'Olmo
BACKGROUND Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) are the reference framework for modelling lagged non-linear associations. They are usually used in large-scale multi-location studies. Attempts to study these associations in small areas either did not include the lagged non-linear effects, did not allow for geographically-varying risks or downscaled risks from larger spatial units through socioeconomic
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Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of microvascular complications among patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective study. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Bin Wang,Ying Sun,Kun Zhang,Yuying Wang,Xiao Tan,Ningjian Wang,Yingli Lu
BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) may disproportionately suffer the adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution, but relevant evidence on microvascular outcome is lacking. We aimed to examine the association between air pollution exposure and the risk of microvascular complications among patients with T2D. METHODS This prospective study included 17 995 participants with T2D who were
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Cohort Profile: The Korean Radiation Workers Study (KRWS). Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Dalnim Lee,Eun Shil Cha,Soojin Park,Hyoju Sung,Eunbi Noh,Haesu Jeong,Won-Il Jang,Songwon Seo
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Epidemiology, aetiology and diagnosis of congenital hearing loss via hearing screening of 153 913 newborns. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Hidekane Yoshimura,Takuya Okubo,Jun Shinagawa,Shin-Ya Nishio,Yutaka Takumi,Shin-Ichi Usami
BACKGROUND Congenital hearing loss (HL), one of the most common paediatric chronic conditions, significantly affects speech and language development. Its early diagnosis and medical intervention can be achieved via newborn hearing screening. However, data on the prevalence and aetiology of congenital HL in infants who fail newborn hearing screening are limited. METHODS The sample population included
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Cohort Profile Update: 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study-follow-ups from 2 to 6-7 years, with COVID-19 impact assessment. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Joseph Murray,Otavio Amaral de Andrade Leão,Thaynã Ramos Flores,Flavio Fernando Demarco,Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues,Isabel O Oliveira,Adriane Arteche,Cauane Blumenberg,Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi,Marlos Rodrigues Domingues,Mariangela Freitas Silveira,Pedro Curi Hallal
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Active and passive smoking and breast cancer in Japan: a pooled analysis of nine population-based cohort studies. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Keiko Wada,Chisato Nagata,Mai Utada,Ritsu Sakata,Takashi Kimura,Akiko Tamakoshi,Yumi Sugawara,Ichiro Tsuji,Ren Sato,Norie Sawada,Shoichiro Tsugane,Isao Oze,Hidemi Ito,Tetsuhisa Kitamura,Yuriko N Koyanagi,Yingsong Lin,Keitaro Matsuo,Sarah K Abe,Manami Inoue,
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have shown inconsistent results regarding the link between smoking and breast cancer risk, despite the biological plausibility of a positive association. METHODS Participants were 166 611 women from nine prospective cohort studies in Japan which launched in 1984-1994 and followed for 8-22 years. Information on smoking and secondhand smoke was obtained through self-administered
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Educational inequalities in all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Japan: national census-linked mortality data for 2010–15 Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Hirokazu Tanaka, Kota Katanoda, Kayo Togawa, Yasuki Kobayashi
Background Due to the lack of a national mortality inequality monitoring framework, the overall picture in Japan remains unclear. Here, we investigated educational inequalities in mortality and their cause-specific contribution in Japan. Method Data were obtained by linking the 2010 Japanese population census and death records between 1 October 2010 and 30 September 2015. We included 7 984 451 Japanese
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Short-term exposure to air pollution and hospital admission after COVID-19 in Catalonia: the COVAIR-CAT study Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Anna Alari, Otavio Ranzani, Sergio Olmos, Carles Milà, Alex Rico, Joan Ballester, Xavier Basagaña, Payam Dadvand, Talita Duarte-Salles, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Rosa Maria Vivanco-Hidalgo, Cathryn Tonne
Background A growing body of evidence has reported positive associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and poor COVID-19 outcomes. Inconsistent findings have been reported for short-term air pollution, mostly from ecological study designs. Using individual-level data, we studied the association between short-term variation in air pollutants [nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter
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Alcohol consumption and the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality—a linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization study Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Nigussie Assefa Kassaw, Ang Zhou, Anwar Mulugeta, Sang Hong Lee, Stephen Burgess, Elina Hyppönen
Background Many observational studies support light-to-moderate alcohol intake as potentially protective against premature death. We used a genetic approach to evaluate the linear and nonlinear relationships between alcohol consumption and mortality from different underlying causes. Methods We used data from 278 093 white-British UK Biobank participants, aged 37–73 years at recruitment and with data
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Early developments of psychiatric epidemiology in Chile: a local history with global implications Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Franco Mascayano, Gonzalo Cuadra-Malinarich, Naomar Almeida-Filho, Ezra Susser
This viewpoint discusses a conference paper titled: “Epidemiological research on mental morbidity in Chile”, which summarizes a handful of studies from 1950s in Chile covering conditions such as alcoholism, psychosis, epilepsy, and neurosis. These were the first psychiatric epidemiological population studies conducted in the Southern hemisphere, but they are largely unknown globally. We argue that
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M-estimation for common epidemiological measures: introduction and applied examples Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Rachael K Ross, Paul N Zivich, Jeffrey S A Stringer, Stephen R Cole
M-estimation is a statistical procedure that is particularly advantageous for some comon epidemiological analyses, including approaches to estimate an adjusted marginal risk contrast (i.e. inverse probability weighting and g-computation) and data fusion. In such settings, maximum likelihood variance estimates are not consistent. Thus, epidemiologists often resort to bootstrap to estimate the variance
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Risk factors for uncontrolled blood pressure among individuals with hypertension on treatment: the CONSTANCES population-based study Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Michelle Cherfane, Alexandre Vallée, Sofiane Kab, Pascale Salameh, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Jacques Blacher
Background We aimed to assess factors associated with uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) among individuals with hypertension on treatment, by sex. Methods We conducted a nested cross-sectional analysis using data from the population-based cohort study CONSTANCES, designed as a randomly selected sample of French adults aged 18–69 years at study inception. We included 11 760 participants previously diagnosed
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A guide for a student-led doctoral-level qualitative methods short course in epidemiology: faculty and student perspectives Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Felix Gille, Anja Frei, Marco Kaufmann, Anja Lehmann, Javier Muñoz Laguna, Kimon Papadopoulos, Angela Spörri, Mina Stanikić, Martin Tušl, Federica Zavattaro, Milo Alan Puhan
Qualitative research and mixed methods are core competencies for epidemiologists. In response to the shortage of guidance on graduate course development, we wrote a course development guide aimed at faculty and students designing similar courses in epidemiology curricula. The guide combines established educational theory with faculty and student experiences from a recent introductory course for epidemiology
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Time-stratified case-crossover studies for aggregated data in environmental epidemiology: a tutorial Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Aurelio Tobias, Yoonhee Kim, Lina Madaniyazi
The case-crossover design is widely used in environmental epidemiology as an effective alternative to the conventional time-series regression design to estimate short-term associations of environmental exposures with a range of acute events. This tutorial illustrates the implementation of the time-stratified case-crossover design to study aggregated health outcomes and environmental exposures, such
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Mid-life employment trajectories and subsequent memory function and rate of decline in rural South Africa, 2000–22 Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Xuexin Yu, Chodziwadziwa W Kabudula, Ryan G Wagner, Darina T Bassil, Meagan T Farrell, Stephen M Tollman, Kathleen Kahn, Lisa F Berkman, Molly S Rosenberg, Lindsay C Kobayashi
Aim To investigate mid-life employment trajectories in relation to later-life memory function and rate of decline in rural South Africa. Methods Data from the Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System were linked to the ‘Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa’ (HAALSI) in rural Agincourt, South Africa (N = 3133). Employment was assessed
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Correct illustration of assumptions in Mendelian randomization. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Alice R Carter,Emma L Anderson
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Widowhood and mortality risk in Taiwan: a population-based matched cohort study. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Shi-Heng Wang,Huijing Wu,Le-Yin Hsu,Mei-Chen Lin,Chun-Chieh Fan,Pei-Chun Chen,Chih-Cheng Hsu,Chi-Shin Wu
BACKGROUND Studying the causes of death among deceased spouses and surviving partners may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of the association between widowhood and mortality. This study investigated the mortality risk of widowhood in Taiwan, examined the association of the cause of death between widowed individuals and their deceased spouses and explored potential modifying effects by
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Data Resource Profile: Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Mark Wooden,Nicole Watson,Peter Butterworth
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Warm season ambient ozone and children's health in the USA. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Jennifer D Stowell,Yuantong Sun,Emma L Gause,Keith R Spangler,Joel Schwartz,Aaron Bernstein,Gregory A Wellenius,Amruta Nori-Sarma
BACKGROUND Over 120 million people in the USA live in areas with unsafe ozone (O3) levels. Studies among adults have linked exposure to worse lung function and higher risk of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, few studies have examined the effects of O3 in children, and existing studies are limited in terms of their geographic scope or outcomes considered. METHODS We
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Cohort Profile Update: Born in Bradford. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Rosemary R C McEachan,Gillian Santorelli,Aidan Watmuff,Dan Mason,Sally E Barber,Daniel D Bingham,Philippa K Bird,Laura Lennon,Dan Lewer,Mark Mon-Williams,Katy A Shire,Dagmar Waiblinger,Jane West,Tiffany C Yang,Deborah A Lawlor,Kate E Pickett,John Wright
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Data Resource Profile: The Early Life Course data platform for research on perinatal and early childhood exposures and outcomes in Australia. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Duong T Tran,Annelies L Robijn,Bianca Varney,Helga Zoega,Bronwyn K Brew,Georgina M Chambers,Kathleen Falster,Raghu Lingam,Sallie-Anne Pearson,Alys Havard
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Causal inference, mediation analysis and racial inequities. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Fiona F Stanaway,Abbey Diaz,Raglan Maddox
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Cohort Profile: The Sri Lanka Health and Ageing Study (SLHAS). Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Ravindra P Rannan-Eliya,Vajira H Dissanayake,Prasadini Perera,Bilesha Perera,H M Meththananda Herath,Nilmini Wijemunige,Shanti Dalpatadu,Sarath Samarage,Anuji Gamage,Renuka Jayatissa,Eustace Y Fernando
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Correction to: How to estimate heritability: a guide for genetic epidemiologists. Int. J. Epidemiol. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-14