BACKGROUND As a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, preeclampsia is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality later in life. Since early signs of myocardial affection could indicate a higher risk of future cardiovascular disease manifestations, we investigated whether women with prior preeclampsia have a higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy compared with women from

BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disorder with unclear pathogenesis. Irisin, a recently identified exercise-induced factor, significantly influences lipid metabolism and cardiovascular function. Nonetheless, its role in trophoblast development during human placentation and the related intracellular signaling pathways remain poorly understood. METHODS We assessed peripheral blood irisin

BACKGROUND In the absence of outcome-based ambulatory blood pressure (BP) data hypertension guidelines provide 24-hour mean BP values corresponding to trial-validated office BP values. Data are shown for untreated and treated patients together, but whether corresponding ambulatory values are similar in untreated and treated hypertensives and reproducible at yearly measurements during treatment is undefined

BACKGROUND Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants. Exposure to VOCs is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors, including elevated blood pressure in susceptible populations. However, research in the general population, particularly among nonsmoking adults, is limited. We hypothesized that higher VOC exposure is associated with higher blood pressure and

Podocytes are specialized cells within the glomerular filtration barrier, which are crucial for maintaining glomerular structural integrity and convective ultrafiltration. Podocytes exhibit a unique arborized morphology with foot processes interfacing by slit diaphragms, ladder-like, multimolecular sieves, which provide size and charge selectivity for ultrafiltration and transmembrane signaling. Podocyte

BACKGROUND Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a frequently diagnosed cardiovascular disorder after COVID-19 infection. POTS is characterized by the presence of excessive sinus tachycardia on standing without a fall in blood pressure (BP). We investigated the BP profile using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring in patients with new-onset POTS after COVID-19 compared with prepandemic population-based

BACKGROUND Hypertension increases the risk of lymphedema in patients with comorbidities, but whether hypertension directly compromises lymph vessel (LV) function and lymph flow is unclear. We compared the contractions of mesenteric LVs ex vivo and lymph flow in vivo between normotensive and Ang II (angiotensin II)-induced hypertensive rats and explored the ionic basis of contractile patterns. Key studies

BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism is predominantly caused by excessive aldosterone production from the adrenal cortex, and the aldosterone-producing structures could take many forms, like adenomas, nodules, micronodules, and so on. Most studies of primary aldosteronism were limited to the hotspot driver genes responsible for autonomous aldosterone production; however, the panoramic genetic architecture

BACKGROUND Recent guidelines recommend antihypertensive drug treatment for prehypertensive individuals with blood pressure between 130/80 and 139/89 mm Hg. This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of 3 interventions in Chinese prehypertensive adults: salt substitution, antihypertensive drug treatment, and their combination. METHODS We developed a Markov cohort model to estimate cardiovascular disease

BACKGROUND Community-based health check kiosks provide opportunities to improve the detection and long-term monitoring of hypertension. We describe the sociodemographic and cardiovascular characteristics of first-time and repeat users of these kiosks. METHOD This was an observational study. Deidentified data collected from 430 SiSU Health consumer-facing health check stations in pharmacies across Australia

BACKGROUND Cytochrome-P450 eicosanoids from arachidonic acid, including vasodilator epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and the vasoconstrictor 20-HETE, are important in regulating blood pressure, vascular tone, and cardiac and renal function. This study examined plasma 20-HETE and EETs in relation to blood pressure and vascular stiffness in a cohort of 1054 community-dwelling young adults from the Raine

BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is a severe hypertensive disorder in pregnancy that causes preterm delivery, maternal and fetal morbidity, mortality, and life-long sequelae. Understanding the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is a critical first step toward protecting mother and child from this syndrome and increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. However, effective early predictive tests and therapies

BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common cause of human hypertension. Somatic mutations in KCNJ5, CACNA1D, ATP1A1, and ATP2B3 are found in at least 80% of aldosterone-producing adenomas, which cause unilateral PA in humans. Somatic mutations have been identified infrequently in 7 other genes; few of these were known to play a role in aldosterone secretion before the discovery of their mutations

BACKGROUND This study examined the longitudinal association between ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption and overall hypertension risk and explored the contribution of UPF to racial disparities in risk for hypertension. METHODS We analyzed data from 5957 participants from the REGARDS cohort study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Disparities in Stroke) free from hypertension during visit 1 (2003-2007)

BACKGROUND Distinguishing between unilateral and bilateral primary aldosteronism, a major cause of secondary hypertension, is crucial due to different treatment approaches. While adrenal venous sampling is the gold standard, its invasiveness, limited availability, and often difficult interpretation pose challenges. This study explores the utility of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and machine learning

We describe a 17-year-old woman diagnosed with severe hypertension during routine follow-up after the prescription of a combined oral contraceptive pill. Initially, due to her age, the estradiol-containing contraception, and high-level sport practice, physicians suspected drug-induced hypertension. Blood tests showed hypokalemia, and further investigations revealed pseudoaldosteronism. After the exclusion

BACKGROUND Pediatric high blood pressure (BP) predicts future cardiovascular disease events. High BP is improperly measured, underrecognized, and undermanaged especially in disadvantaged populations. In a large, diverse, academic pediatric practice, we detail the associations of a comprehensive initiative with high BP provider recognition. METHODS A comprehensive BP initiative was promulgated including

BACKGROUND Dietary high salt (HS) intake has a strong impact on cardiovascular diseases. Here, we investigated the link between HS-aggravated immune responses and the development of hypertensive vascular disease. METHODS ApolipoproteinE-deficient mice were transiently treated with HS (1% NaCl) via drinking water for 2 weeks, followed by a washout period, and subsequent Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion

BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is associated with autonomic dysregulation during pregnancy; however, less is known about autonomic function in the first week postpartum after preeclampsia. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from a prospective cohort of women with and without preeclampsia. Continuous blood pressure and heart rate were measured with finger plethysmography within 7 days postpartum. Frequency-domain

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal progressive disease characterized by pulmonary endothelial injury and occlusive pulmonary vascular remodeling. Lysosomal protease cathepsin L degrades essential molecules to participate in the human pathophysiological process. BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein type II receptor) deficiency, an important cause of PH, results from mutational inactivation

BACKGROUND The aortic-femoral arterial stiffness gradient, calculated as the ratio of lower-limb pulse-wave velocity (PWV) to central (aortic) PWV, is a promising tool for assessing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, but whether it predicts incident CVD is unknown. METHODS We examined the association of the aortic-femoral arterial stiffness gradient measures carotid-femoral stiffness gradient (femoral-ankle

BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism (PA), the most common curable salt-dependent form of arterial hypertension, features renal K+ loss and enhanced Na+ reabsorption. We investigated whether the electrolyte, water, and TonEBP (tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein)/NFAT5 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 5) content is altered in the skin of patients with PA and corrected by surgical cure. METHODS

Hypertension requires increased systemic vascular resistance. Thus far, Mendelian hypertension-related genes are related to salt retention, an indirect regulatory effect. With the identification of mutated, overactive, PDE3A (phosphodiesterase 3A), we have uncovered a more direct vasoconstrictive mechanism. The autosomal-dominant syndrome features another specific phenotype, brachydactyly type E. Hypertension

BACKGROUND The association of hypertension and blood pressure control with fecundability among women is not yet elucidated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that maternal preconception hypertension would be associated with reduced fecundability and that blood pressure control could reduce excess risk. METHODS Using the National Free Preconception Checkup Projects in Guangdong

BACKGROUND Aldosterone and the MR (mineralocorticoid receptor) are important therapeutic targets for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. However, biomarkers of tissue MR signaling are not fully established. Extracellular vesicles released from eukaryotic cells can provide information on tissue signaling. Using samples from patients with primary aldosteronism (PA), we explored the potential of

The American Heart Association has identified obesity as a primary impediment to ongoing improvements in cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Although drugs, exercise, diets, and surgeries can each cause weight loss, few subjects maintain a reduced weight over the long term. Dysfunctional integrative control (ie, adaptation) of resting metabolic rate (RMR) appears to underlie this failed

BACKGROUND Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and mortality. While the exact mechanisms remain unclear, T cells and reactive oxygen species have been implicated in its pathogenesis. We utilized Dahl salt-sensitive (SS), SSCD247-/- (Dahl SS CD247 knockout rat; lacking T cells), and SSp67phox-/- (Dahl SS p67phox [NOX2 (NADPH

BACKGROUND The prevalence of secondary causes of hypertension in young adults is unknown, and therefore, there is no consensus about the indication of screening of secondary hypertension (2HTN) in this population. The objective was to report the prevalence and the causes of 2HTN in young subjects. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 2090 patients with confirmed hypertension aged 18 to 40 years with

BACKGROUND We studied whether increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), as determined by auscultatory SBP, ambulatory SBP, and the number of cardiovascular health risk indicators, are associated with neurocognition in adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 365 adolescents (mean age, 15.5 years) from 6 academic medical centers in the United States. The sample was 59.5% male, 52.6% White

BACKGROUND Calcium deficiency in women is strongly linked to an increased risk of developing preeclampsia. Mitochondrial calcium ([Ca2+]m) homeostasis is essential to regulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function. However, the role of [Ca2+]m in preeclampsia development remains largely unknown. METHODS To investigate this, human spiral arteries obtained from normotensive and preeclamptic women

BACKGROUND Systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering reduces major cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. However, the optimal target for SBP lowering remains controversial. METHODS We included trials with random allocation to an SBP <130 mm Hg treatment target and CVD as the primary outcome. Data were extracted from each study independently and in duplicate using a standardized protocol

BACKGROUND There are no recent estimates for hypertension-associated medical expenditures. This study aims to estimate hypertension-associated incremental medical expenditures among privately insured US adults. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using IQVIA's Ambulatory Electronic Medical Records-US data set linked with PharMetrics Plus claims data. Among privately insured adults aged

BACKGROUND Resistant hypertension is characterized by elevated blood pressure (BP) despite using 3 antihypertensive agents. Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) detects the presence of white-coat resistant hypertension (24-hour BP <130/80 mm Hg). The aim of the study was to evaluate risks of death in resistant hypertension compared with controlled hypertension, as well as in ABPM-confirmed (24-hour BP ≥130

BACKGROUND High heritability of salt sensitivity suggests an essential role for genetics in the relationship between sodium intake and blood pressure (BP). The role of glycosaminoglycan genes, which are crucial for salinity tolerance, remains to be elucidated. METHODS Interactions between 54 126 variants in 130 glycosaminoglycan genes and daily sodium excretion on BP were explored in 20 420 EPIC-Norfolk

BACKGROUND Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with high maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. There are limited global data on the characteristics of women during and after pregnancy hypertension. METHODS May Measurement Month is a global campaign to raise awareness of the importance of blood pressure. Adults (≥18 years) recruited through opportunistic sampling during May 2019

BACKGROUND Both blood pressure-lowering medication and sodium reduction are effective in hypertension control, but whether the effect of sodium reduction differ across blood pressure-lowering medications is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the dose-response effect of sodium intake reduction on blood pressure in treated hypertensive individuals and the impact of different classes of blood pressure-lowering

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare and severe condition characterized by increased pressure in the pulmonary circulation, often resulting in right ventricular failure and death. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a crucial role in the cardiovascular and pulmonary controls. Dysfunction of ANS has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary diseases. Conversely, dysfunctions in ANS

BACKGROUND Hyperkalemia is a frequent electrolyte alteration whose prevalence varies widely, depending on the adopted cutoff, the setting (inpatients versus outpatients), and the characteristics of the study population. Familial hyperkalemic hypertension (FHH) is a rare cause of hypertension, hyperkalemia, and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, we

The purpose of this article is to summarize disparities in blood pressure (BP) by race in the United States, discuss evidence-based strategies to increase equity in BP, review recent American Heart Association BP equity initiatives, and highlight missed opportunities for achieving equity in hypertension. Over 122 million American adults have hypertension, with the highest prevalence among Black Americans

BACKGROUND Antihypertensive medication use patterns have likely been influenced by changing costs and accessibility over the past 3 decades. This study examines the relationships between patent exclusivity loss, medication costs, and national health policies on antihypertensive medication use. METHODS Using 1996 to 2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data of US adults with hypertension taking at

BACKGROUND The prevalence of hypertension and uncontrolled hypertension may differ by age and sex. METHODS We included participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study at seven study visits over 33 years (visit 1: 15 636 participants; mean age, 54 years; 55% women), estimating sex differences in prevalence of hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg; diastolic blood pressure ≥80

BACKGROUND There is a strong association between obstructive sleep apnea and hypertension, but the effects of obstructive sleep apnea symptoms on the risk of incident hypertension are not well documented. The aim of this prospective study was to examine whether snoring and sleepiness are associated with incident hypertension. METHODS Data from the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort were analyzed

BACKGROUND Preeclampsia poses a substantial clinical challenge, characterized by maternal hypertension, cardiac dysfunction, and persistent cardiovascular risks for both the mother and offspring. Despite the known roles of the estrogen receptor (GPER [G protein-coupled estrogen receptor]) in placental development, its impact on cardiovascular aspects within a preeclampsia animal model remains unexplored

BACKGROUND Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS) on echocardiography is a sensitive yet clinically significant marker of myocardial dysfunction. Reduced LV GLS is prevalent in adults with chronic kidney disease and hypertension and is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. It may be a biomarker of chronic kidney disease-associated myocardial dysfunction in children, but data

BACKGROUND Although the concept of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in renal disease is well-described in the literature, the precise pathogenic role and mechanism of this local system have not been directly assessed in the absence of confounding influence from the systemic RAS. The present study used novel mouse models of collecting duct (CD)-specific deletion of (pro)renin receptor (PRR)

BACKGROUND To understand the role of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including preeclampsia and gestational hypertension (GH), in brain health earlier in life, we investigated the association of HDP with midlife cognition and brain health. METHODS We studied a prospective cohort of women, baseline age 18 to 30 years, who were assessed at study years 25 and 30 with a cognitive battery and

BACKGROUND Drp1 (dynamin-related protein 1), a large GTPase, mediates the increased mitochondrial fission, which contributes to hyperproliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We developed a potent Drp1 GTPase inhibitor, Drpitor1a, but its specificity, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in PAH are unknown. METHODS Drpitor1a's ability to inhibit recombinant

BACKGROUND Our objective was to investigate the predictive and diagnostic accuracy of the angiogenic proteins sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) and PlGF (placental growth factor) for preterm preeclampsia and explore the relationship between renal function and these proteins. METHODS We completed a blinded, prospective, longitudinal, observational study of patients with chronic kidney disease

More than 1.5 billion people worldwide have arterial hypertension. Hypertension increases the risks of death and cardiovascular disease, such as atrial fibrillation and heart failure. The autonomic nervous system plays an essential role in hypertension development and disease progression. While lifestyle factors, such as obesity and obstructive sleep apnea, predispose to hypertension by increasing