Uveitis encompasses multiple different conditions that are all characterized by intra-ocular inflammation. Uveitis occurs in the context of many different rheumatological conditions and carries a substantial risk to vision. Uveitis can develop both at the early stages of rheumatic diseases, sometimes even preceding other clinical features, and at later stages of disease. Uveitis can also occur as either a direct or an indirect complication of therapies used to treat patients with rheumatic disease. Conversely, patients with uveitis of non-rheumatic aetiology sometimes require immunosuppression, a treatment option that is not readily accessible to ophthalmologists. Thus, collaborative working between rheumatologists and ophthalmologists is critical for optimal management of patients with uveitis. This Review is written with rheumatologists in mind, to assist in the care of patients with uveitis. We collate and summarize the latest evidence and best practice in the diagnosis, management and prognostication of uveitis, including future trends and research priorities.

葡萄膜炎包括多种不同的情况，这些情况都以眼内炎症为特征。葡萄膜炎发生在许多不同的风湿病疾病中，对视力有很大的风险。葡萄膜炎既可发生于风湿性疾病的早期阶段，有时甚至先于其他临床特征发生，也可在疾病的晚期发生。葡萄膜炎也可作为风湿性疾病患者治疗的直接或间接并发症发生。相反，非风湿性葡萄膜炎患者有时需要免疫抑制，这是眼科医生不容易获得的治疗选择。因此，风湿病学家和眼科医生之间的合作对于葡萄膜炎患者的最佳管理至关重要。本综述是为风湿病学家编写的，以协助葡萄膜炎患者的护理。我们整理和总结了葡萄膜炎诊断、管理和预后方面的最新证据和最佳实践，包括未来趋势和研究重点。