BACKGROUND Preeclampsia is associated with autonomic dysregulation during pregnancy; however, less is known about autonomic function in the first week postpartum after preeclampsia. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from a prospective cohort of women with and without preeclampsia. Continuous blood pressure and heart rate were measured with finger plethysmography within 7 days postpartum. Frequency-domain blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) were calculated using spectral analysis. Time-domain HRV was calculated as the root mean square of successive R-R interval differences. We compared results between those with and without preeclampsia, as well as between those with new-onset preeclampsia, chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, and normotensive participants. RESULTS A total of 70 postpartum women were enrolled: 20 normotensive, 29 new-onset preeclampsia, and 21 superimposed preeclampsia. Both low- and high-frequency blood pressure variabilities were higher in those with preeclampsia compared with controls (P=0.04 and P=0.02, respectively). This difference was driven by those with new-onset preeclampsia. The preeclampsia group had lower high-frequency HRV (P<0.005), a higher low-/high-frequency ratio of HRV (P<0.005), and lower time-domain HRV (P=0.01); this difference was seen in those with and without chronic hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Postpartum patients with preeclampsia with and without chronic hypertension had lower HRV compared with normotensive postpartum controls. Higher blood pressure variability was observed only in those with nonsuperimposed preeclampsia, suggesting that the autonomic profile of preeclampsia may differ in patients with chronic hypertension.

中文翻译：

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子痫前期的产后血压变异性和心率变异性。


背景 子痫前期与妊娠期间自主神经失调有关;然而，对子痫前期产后第一周的自主神经功能知之甚少。方法 我们回顾性分析了来自患有和不患有子痫前期的女性前瞻性队列的数据。产后 7 天内用手指体积描记法测量连续血压和心率。使用频谱分析计算频域血压和心率变异性 （HRV）。时域 HRV 计算为连续 R-R 间期差异的均方根。我们比较了有和没有子痫前期的患者，以及新发子痫前期、慢性高血压合并子痫前期和血压正常的参与者之间的结果。结果 共纳入 70 例产后妇女： 20 例正常血压、29 例新发子痫前期和 21 例叠加子痫前期。与对照组相比，子痫前期患者的低频和高频血压变异性均较高 （分别为 P=0.04 和 P=0.02）。这种差异是由新发子痫前期患者驱动的。子痫前期组高频 HRV 较低 （P<0.005），低/高频 HRV 比较高 （P<0.005），时域 HRV 较低 （P=0.01）;这种差异在患有和没有慢性高血压的患者中都可见。结论 与血压正常的产后对照相比，伴或不伴慢性高血压的子痫前期患者 HRV 较低。仅在非叠加子痫前期患者中观察到较高的血压变异性，这表明子痫前期的自主神经特征在慢性高血压患者中可能有所不同。