BACKGROUND Hypertension is the most common chronic disease and a major modifiable risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular and renal diseases. This study estimated the national burden of hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, on morbidity and mortality in 2021 in France. METHODS For all diseases causally associated with hypertension (cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, and dementia), the number and proportion of cases attributable to hypertension in adults aged ≥35 years were estimated using population attributable fractions. Age- and sex-specific population attributable fractions were computed using the distribution of hypertension in the French population. These population attributable fractions were applied to nationwide statistics for mortality, hospitalizations, disease prevalence, years of life lost, years of life lived with disability, and disability-adjusted years of life. RESULTS The largest population attributable fractions were for ischemic heart disease and hemorrhagic stroke, with over 40% of cases attributable to hypertension. Overall, >385 000 patients were hospitalized due to hypertension, with 3.7 million hospitalizations and 6.2 million hospital days (all hospitalizations, including 3.4 million for chronic kidney disease) and including 390 000 overnight hospitalization. In 2021, >1.15 million individuals lived with ischemic heart disease attributable to hypertension, 1.26 million with chronic kidney diseases, and 358 033 with heart failure. Among 184 059 annual deaths from cardiovascular diseases, dementia, and chronic kidney diseases, 30% (55 280 deaths) were attributable to hypertension. Hypertension accounted for 8.5% of all deaths and 498 052 years of life lost. CONCLUSIONS In France, despite near-universal health coverage and free health care access, the burden attributable to hypertension remains high.

中文翻译：

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2021 年法国收缩期高血压引起的心脑血管和肾脏疾病负担。


背景 高血压是最常见的慢性疾病，也是心脑血管和肾脏疾病的主要可改变危险因素。本研究估计了 2021 年法国高血压（定义为收缩压 ≥140 毫米汞柱）对发病率和死亡率的全国负担。方法 对于所有与高血压因果相关的疾病（心血管疾病、慢性肾病和 痴呆），使用人群归因分数估计 ≥35 岁成人高血压可归因病例的数量和比例。使用法国人群中高血压的分布计算年龄和性别特异性人群归因分数。这些人口归因分数应用于死亡率、住院率、疾病患病率、损失寿命年数、残疾寿命年数和残疾调整后寿命年数的全国统计数据。结果 缺血性心脏病和出血性卒中是最大的人群归因部分，超过 40% 的病例归因于高血压。总体而言，>385 000 名患者因高血压住院，其中 370 万住院和 620 万住院日（所有住院，包括 340 万慢性肾病），包括 390 000 名过夜住院。2021 年，>115 万人患有高血压引起的缺血性心脏病，126 万人患有慢性肾病，358 033 人患有心力衰竭。每年 184 059 例死于心血管疾病、痴呆和慢性肾病，其中 30%（55 280 例死亡）归因于高血压。高血压占所有死亡人数的 8.5%，损失了 498 052 年的生命。 结论 在法国，尽管几乎实现了全民健康覆盖和免费医疗保健，但高血压造成的负担仍然很高。