BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a major public health concern, and the global rate is rising. Rapid infant weight gain is a risk factor for later overweight. Studies have linked prenatal ambient temperature exposure to fetal growth, and preliminary evidence suggests postnatal exposure may be associated with infant weight gain. METHODS Using a population-based historical cohort study including 1 100 576 infants born 2011-2019, we assessed the relationship between prenatal and one-month postnatal ambient temperature exposure and rapid infant weight gain. We used a hybrid spatiotemporal model to assess temperatures at the family's recorded residence at birth. Repeated weight measurements between birth and 15 months were used to model the outcome using the SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR) method. We employed generalized linear models and distributed lag models to estimate the association between prenatal and postnatal exposure and rapid infant weight gain, defined as the upper tertile of the SITAR growth velocity. RESULTS Overall, higher ambient temperatures were associated with rapid infant weight gain. The cumulative adjusted relative risk for the highest exposure quintile during pregnancy compared with the lowest quintile was 1.33 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25, 1.40], and the corresponding association for the first postnatal month was 1.19 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.23). Exposure to high ambient temperature during early and mid-pregnancy, as well as the first postnatal month, was associated with rapid weight gain, while during late pregnancy, exposure to low temperatures was associated with this outcome. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal and postnatal ambient temperatures are associated with rapid infant weight gain.

中文翻译：

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环境温度暴露和婴儿体重快速增加。


背景 儿童肥胖是一个主要的公共卫生问题，全球肥胖率正在上升。婴儿体重快速增加是以后超重的危险因素。研究表明，产前环境温度暴露与胎儿生长有关，初步证据表明，产后暴露可能与婴儿体重增加有关。方法 使用包括 1 100 576 名 2011-2019 年出生的婴儿的基于人群的历史队列研究，我们评估了产前和出生后一个月环境温度暴露与婴儿体重快速增加之间的关系。我们使用混合时空模型来评估家庭出生时记录住所的温度。使用平移和旋转叠加 （SITAR） 方法对出生和 15 个月之间的重复体重测量用于对结果进行建模。我们采用广义线性模型和分布滞后模型来估计产前和产后暴露与婴儿体重快速增加之间的关联，定义为 SITAR 生长速度的上三分位数。结果 总体而言，较高的环境温度与婴儿体重的快速增加相关。与最低五分位数相比，怀孕期间最高暴露五分位数的累积调整相对风险为 1.33 [95% 置信区间 （CI）：1.25,1.40]，出生后第一个月的相应关联为 1.19 （95% CI： 1.15， 1.23）。在怀孕早期和中期以及出生后第一个月暴露于高温环境与体重快速增加有关，而在妊娠晚期，暴露于低温与此结局有关。结论 产前和产后环境温度与婴儿体重快速增加相关。