Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder that can become chronic and debilitating when left untreated. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments for PTSD among adults are individual trauma-focused psychotherapies. Other evidence-based treatments include specific antidepressant medications and non-trauma-focused psychotherapies. Despite the effectiveness of these available treatments, many patients' symptoms do not remit. This has led to the search for novel treatments for PTSD. In this review, the authors critically evaluate the data supporting several emerging pharmacological and other somatic interventions in the categories of medication-assisted psychotherapy, novel medication monotherapy strategies, and neuromodulation, selected because of the salience of their mechanisms of action to the pathophysiology of PTSD (e.g., MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, ketamine, cannabidiol, transcranial magnetic stimulation). The authors also evaluate the evidence for treatments that are the focus of increasing scientific or public interest (i.e., hyperbaric oxygen therapy, stellate ganglion block, neurofeedback). To date, the evidence supporting most novel pharmacological and somatic treatments for PTSD is preliminary and highly variable; however, the data for several specific treatments, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, are encouraging.

中文翻译：

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成人创伤后应激障碍的新型药物和其他躯体治疗方法：证据状态。


创伤后应激障碍 （PTSD） 是一种非常普遍的精神疾病，如果不及时治疗，可能会变成慢性疾病并使其衰弱。成人 PTSD 最常推荐的一线治疗方法是个体以创伤为中心的心理治疗。其他循证治疗包括特异性抗抑郁药物和非创伤聚焦心理治疗。尽管这些可用的治疗方法有效，但许多患者的症状并没有缓解。这导致了对 PTSD 新疗法的寻找。在这篇综述中，作者批判性地评估了支持药物辅助心理治疗、新型药物单药治疗策略和神经调控类别中几种新兴药物和其他躯体干预的数据，选择这些干预是因为它们的作用机制对 PTSD 病理生理学的显著性（例如，MDMA 辅助心理治疗、氯胺酮、大麻二酚、经颅磁刺激）。作者还评估了日益引起科学或公众关注的治疗方法的证据（即高压氧疗法、星状神经节阻滞、神经反馈）。迄今为止，支持PTSD的大多数新型药物和躯体治疗的证据是初步的且高度可变;然而，几种特定治疗（例如经颅磁刺激）的数据令人鼓舞。