Since 1989, China has become the world's largest aquaculture producer through pond culture, significantly contributing to global food security but potentially posing environmental threats. However, little is known about the changes in the pond water quality at broad spatial and temporal scales, thus creating challenges in the sustainability of pond aquaculture. Herein, we explore changes in water quality

Emerging infectious diseases are a major threat to global aquaculture production and are projected to increase in frequency due to anthropogenic stressors and climate change. Our ability to screen the global aquatic ‘infectome’ is dramatically improving through unbiased metatranscriptomic (i.e., total RNA) sequencing. Despite recent advances in molecular diagnostics and next‐generation sequencing,

As Atlantic salmon depend on dissolved oxygen (DO) to survive and grow, managing DO is essential for welfare and growth. However, the dynamics of DO in the open sea cages are complex, caused by a range of factors that interact and create compounding effects. To understand DO dynamics, two pillars of knowledge are essential: the supply of DO to the cages and the consumption of DO in the cages. The components

The CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology, with its advantages of simplicity, high efficiency, and cost‐effectiveness, has become a key tool for dissecting gene function, knocking out harmful/undesirable genes, and repairing defective genes. It has also shown great potential in the genome editing of aquatic animals such as tilapia, carp, salmon, and sea urchins. Disease prevention and control are core

Aquatic animal germplasm research plays a vital role in biodiversity conservation and sustainable aquaculture. The traditional view is that diversity of germplasm resources is commonly attributed to genetic variation. However, recent studies in transgenerational epigenetics have shown that epigenetic information can also be passed down to offspring, which is consistent with the definition of germplasm

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Amid the aquaculture boom, chemical contaminants, diseases, and improper nutrition persist as threats to the sustainability of aquaculture. The accumulation of lipid droplets in different tissues has emerged as a hallmark in aquatic animals exposed to these stressors. While abundant knowledge is available on lipid droplets in mammals, relatively little is known in aquatic animals. Recently, interest

The introduced striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, Sauvage, 1878) and North African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) are popular choices in Indian aquaculture due to their high productivity and ease of management. Among all introduced non‐native fish species, catfish production is particularly notable, with P. hypophthalmus contributing 1.6 million metric tons (mmt) and C. gariepinus

Global aquaculture production has been rapidly increasing in recent decades. Associated with this growth, there has been a discussion with respect to the industry's socioeconomic impact. In particular, the industry's ability to make a positive difference in the communities where it is conducted is often questioned. This is a difficult topic to address due to limited data availability. However, it is

Common Snook (Centropomus undecimalis) is widely distributed across the tropical Atlantic Coasts and has a significant economic impact. This review aims to assess the knowledge status of common snook, contributing significantly to the development of sustainable aquacultural practices. The review was conducted using Web of Science and Google Scholar to identify scientific articles analysing the biology

With the rising global demand for seafood and the challenges posed by overfishing and climate change, the aquaculture sector has become increasingly important in providing high-quality protein for human consumption. Although traditional selection breeding programs have made great strides in genetic improvement of aquaculture species over the past decades, faster and more precise breeding tools, such

To achieve production goals, aquaculture often modifies the environments of farmed species, creating conditions that differ significantly from their natural habitats. These alterations can result in evolutionary mismatches, where traits that evolved to optimise survival and reproduction in the wild become maladaptive in farming settings. This can lead to a conflict between traits desired for farming

Changes in water quality significantly shape fish behavior, a crucial index reflecting the growth and welfare status of fish. Given the centrality of this relationship to aquaculture practices, a comprehensive understanding of how water quality dynamics influence fish behavior is imperative. While there have been some summaries of the effects of water quality parameters on fish physiology and growth

The shrimp intestine harbors a microbiota that has pivotal roles for host's physiology. Imbalance of shrimp intestinal microbiota has been shown closely related to the occurrence of diseases. The morphological and biological features of the shrimp intestine are considered suboptimal for stable microbial colonization, making the intestinal microbiota composition highly susceptible to the impact of environmental

The utility of macrophytes in freshwater aquaculture is diverse. We review the benefits of macrophytes in aquaculture into broadly three useful perspectives: (i) Feeding, (ii) Bioremediation, and (iii) Symbiosis. Macrophytes are used as direct food by herbivores for their potential nutrient values with a maximal protein content of 35% (D/W basis) and as ingredients for fish feed preparation with optimal

Communication about seaweed aquaculture has so far been dominated by its many socio-economic and ecological advantages. A key risk of this ‘hype’ is the potential loss of support from communities affected by seaweed cultivation if reality fails to live up to expectations. This could have justice and equity implications for impacted communities, and undermine potential benefits for those communities

In recent decades, the decapod aquaculture industry has grown significantly in many parts of the world. Despite this progress, production levels still fall short of market demands, indicating a need for further efforts to increase the production. Investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying embryonic development in decapods provide valuable insights into the complex embryonic development

With aquaculture intensification, improving feed intake in order to increase fish growth as well as to reduce production costs and environmental impacts assume a high importance. In this sense, probiotics and prebiotics' capacity to positively modulate animals' appetite is of high interest and has been the focus of several studies in mammals, while in fish these studies are scarce, and available information

Biosafety is a central concern in Norwegian salmon farming, as diseases and parasites are common. Continued production depends on preventing and controlling diseases and parasites. A critical part of the farmed salmon's life is during smolt production and the following well-boat transport out to sea. Biosafety here is thus essential, and there is a need for an overview of risk factors and measures

To meet growing fish demand, aquaculture must develop sustainable, cost-effective, and high-performance fish feed formulations for industry advancement. Plant-based lipids are a viable alternative to forage fish ingredients in finfish diets. However, most plant-derived lipids lack long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) like EPA and DHA, which are nutritionally essential for fish. This review

The use of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) has recently been integrated with other noninvasive ethological methodologies to enhance the understanding of shrimp feeding behaviour, as their mandibles emit click sounds during food intake. This review aims to compile recent advances and various applications of PAM in assessing shrimp feeding behaviour under controlled laboratory and farm conditions.

Research efforts around the world have focused on identifying the occurrence of emerging contaminants in aquaculture areas. In the Brazilian context, studies have aimed to identify emerging contaminants in water used for this activity. This systematic review covered studies published without a specific time frame with the following criteria: research conducted in aquaculture areas or with species and

Aquatic invertebrates account for more than 33.4% of global aquaculture production and are important aquaculture animals worldwide. Although the frequent outbreaks of diseases and the lack of disease prevention strategies have greatly hindered further development of the invertebrate aquaculture industry. Immune priming is a phenomenon that invertebrates mount a faster and stronger secondary response

The global shrimp processing industry generates substantial amounts of solid waste (head, abdominal exoskeleton, and tail), with a considerable part currently being disposed of in landfills. It holds significant potential as an alternative ingredient in aquaculture feed due to its relatively high crude protein content, balanced amino acid profile, and presence of bioactive compounds. However, one of

Biofloc technology (BFT), initially adapted for shrimp farming in the 1970s, represents a sophisticated ecosystem of microorganisms designed to enhance aquaculture productivity and sustainability. Despite its established history, research into BFT is surprisingly still at an early stage globally. This review conducted a bibliometric analysis of 612 articles from major aquaculture journals spanning

Global fish production exceeds 170 million tons in 2023, and provides a high-quality protein source for humans. However, various factors may contribute to hypoxic stress and anemia, which contribute to yield loss in fish production. Elevated red blood cell counts or activation of erythropoiesis are well-known responses to anemia and hypoxia stress in fish. Erythropoiesis is the process of formation

The increase in the body weight of animals, a pivotal indicator closely tied to production, is important to the aquaculture industry. Despite remarkable variability in gut microbiomes, which are intricately associated with their hosts and affect overall performance, fitness, and physiological outcomes, across individuals and species, the development and practical application of gut microbiota modulation

Copper, an essential micronutrient in crustaceans, plays vital roles in enzymatic processes, oxygen transport, pigmentation, and structural protein synthesis, including collagen and elastin. Recent research has elucidated its pivotal role in innate immunity of crustaceans, enhancing the immune response by promoting phagocytic activity, antimicrobial peptide production, and modulation of immune gene

Cell death mechanisms in crustaceans are a complex interplay of processes essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and immune defense. Modes of cell death like apoptosis, necroptosis, and necrosis are well-documented in crustaceans, serving crucial roles in removing damaged or infected cells. Unlike in other organisms, crustaceans likely lack pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death associated

训练免疫:海水养殖软体动物病害防控策略的前景 Caroline Montagnani1, Benjamin Morga2, Beatriz Novoa3, Benjamin Gourbal1, Amaro Saco3, Magali Rey-Campos3, Marion Bourhis4, Fabien Riera4, Emmanuel Vignal1, Charlotte Corporeau5, Guillaume M. Charrière1, Marie-Agnès Travers1, Lionel Dégremont2, Yannick Gueguen6, Céline Cosseau1, Antonio Figueras3 1 IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan, Montpellier

Inmunidad entrenada: Perspectivas para la estrategia de control de enfermedades en la acuicultura de moluscos marinos Caroline Montagnani1, Benjamin Morga2, Beatriz Novoa3, Benjamin Gourbal1, Amaro Saco3, Magali Rey-Campos3, Marion Bourhis4, Fabien Riera4, Emmanuel Vignal1, Charlotte Corporeau5, Guillaume M. Charrière1, Marie-Agnès Travers1, Lionel Dégremont2, Yannick Gueguen6, Céline Cosseau1, Antonio

Global aquaculture production has been rising for several decades, with up to 76% of the total production from fish. However, the problem of fish diseases is becoming more and more prominent in today's context of pursuing sustainable aquaculture. Since the first fish genome assembly reported in 2002, genomic approaches have been successfully implemented in fish breeding to enhance disease resistance

Distant hybridization and gynogenesis are two prevalent breeding techniques for fishes. Drawing from the research achievements of our team and the existing literature, we summarize the reproductive traits and genetic features of fishes derived from distant hybridizations and gynogenesis, and we deduce the fundamental mechanisms of these two methods and compare them, discerning their common and different

The health and well-being of all people—including all those persons reading this editorial—depends by a very large extent upon the nutrient content of their diet or food that they regularly consume. It is not surprising therefore that nutrition-related disorders still remain the number one preventable health challenge facing all countries globally: over 735 million people suffering from hunger and

Caroline Montagnani1, Benjamin Morga2, Beatriz Novoa3, Benjamin Gourbal1, Amaro Saco3, Magali Rey-Campos3, Marion Bourhis4, Fabien Riera4, Emmanuel Vignal1, Charlotte Corporeau5, Guillaume M. Charrière1, Marie-Agnès Travers1, Lionel Dégremont2, Yannick Gueguen6, Céline Cosseau1, Antonio Figueras3 1IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan, Montpellier, France, 2Ifremer

Imunidade treinada: Perspectivas para estratégia de controle de doenças na aquicultura de moluscos marinhos Caroline Montagnani1, Benjamin Morga2, Beatriz Novoa3, Benjamin Gourbal1, Amaro Saco3, Magali Rey-Campos3, Marion Bourhis4, Fabien Riera4, Emmanuel Vignal1, Charlotte Corporeau5, Guillaume M. Charrière1, Marie-Agnès Travers1, Lionel Dégremont2, Yannick Gueguen6, Céline Cosseau1, Antonio Figueras3

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The immense production of fishmeal and fish oil is dramatically intensifying the severe state of pelagic fisheries overexploitation. The latter in conjunction with the increasing demand for low-cost protein-rich food supply prompt aquaculture to employ new practice. Several novel dietary ingredients are currently under evaluation for potential incorporation in aquafeeds in an effort to shift the aquaculture

The increasing high-end market demand for the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon has brought tremendous industry opportunities. Although the industry has tried its best to increase production, according to the report data from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), annual global production has shown no significant upward trend over the past decade. Besides that, newly implemented policies such

Studies have demonstrated adverse effects of global warming on aquatic ecosystems. However, the effects of increased water temperature (IWT) on fish reproduction are still doubtful in species spawning at low or high temperatures. In this meta-analysis, we elucidated the effects of global warming on spermatozoa functions, key determinants of male fertility. We recruited 245 data records from 20 studies

Bivalves possess a pair of valves connected to a stretchable ligament that facilitates the opening and closing of the shell. The growth bioprocess commences when the supplemental materials secreted from the edge are added to the early-constructed shell. Here, we endeavor to provide a glimpse into physiological responses, mechanistic control, and omics applications toward understanding this complex

The expansion of aquaculture production into more exposed harsh and remote ocean environments presents both new opportunities and challenges. To manage the complexities of exposed operations, research into fish welfare, personnel safety, and facilitating technology is thus of key importance. This paper reviews recent research advances in the areas of safety, fish welfare, and technology, while the

The Hippo-YAP/Yki pathway is critical for the regulation of physiological responses in various biological processes from invertebrates to mammals. Crustaceans, in particular shrimp and crabs, are important food sources worldwide. In response to the needs of crustacean aquaculture and disease control, the regulatory mechanisms of crustacean life activities, especially immunity, have been increasingly

In 2017, a new regulatory management system, the traffic light system (TLS), was implemented to estimate the effects of salmon lice from Norwegian salmon aquaculture on marine survival of wild Atlantic salmon and forms the basis of aquaculture capacity regulation. The TLS relies on observational data and a set of models to estimate the risk for negative impact on wild salmon populations. This review

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Bivalve farming was usually considered as a CO2 source through respiration and calcification, but recent studies suggest its potential as a CO2 sink, prompting exploration of its inclusion in carbon markets. Here we reviewed the scientific basis behind this idea and found that it is not supported by observational and experimental studies. This idea indeed arises from carbon budget models that are based

The trade in live ornamental fishes to be held as companion animals or displayed in public aquaria has an estimated global annual value of US$15–20 billion. Supply chains for ornamental pet fishes often involve many more parties than for fish farmed as food fishes, and at each stage, fishes are exposed to stressors including handling, confinement, crowding, mechanical disturbance, and poor water quality

A literature search approach (using Scopus®, Elsevier© database) was established to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English between 1960 and 2023 dealing with ‘sustainable aquaculture’ and focusing on specific aquaculture practices (aquaponics, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, biofloc and recirculating aquaculture systems). Text Mining combined with Topic Analysis was utilized to

In the wake of global population increases and stagnating capture fishery production, there exists a requirement for novel biotechnologies to increase aquaculture productivity to offset demand. Through recognition of limitations imposed by aquaculture—increased incidence of disease, stress, cannibalism, and mortality in captivity—researchers continue to investigate RNA interference (RNAi) and clustered

Aquaculture has emerged as a pivotal alternative for seafood production, addressing the challenges posed by depleting wild fish stocks. However, the industry faces substantial challenges, notably the presence of harmful algal blooms (HABs), which can cause serious economic consequences. The proliferation of major species of phytoflagellates leading to massive fish mortality is on the rise, possibly

Health of farmed fish and shellfish deserves a top priority. To help prevent and fight the global disease crisis in aquaculture, it is high time to further explore immunology. And high time for immunologists specialized in aquaculture to start taking aquaculture more seriously. As a first step forward, find here some challenges and many opportunities.

Within the framework of Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture (EAA), ecological carrying capacity (ECC) is a key concept that helps to determine the upper limit of production without compromising ecosystem functioning. The implementation of ECC is complex as ECC differs between type of farms and location and standardised methods should be developed for management. There is therefore a clear need for operational

This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the inclusion of β-glucan in aquaculture animal diets and its impact on their health outcomes. Relevant studies were identified from Scopus and Web of Science databases. A total of 82 primary studies published between 1996 and 2024 were reviewed, of which 70 were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed that the

A healthy skeletal system is fundamental to fish welfare and performance and a key physiological feature of a robust fish. The presence of skeletal deformities in farmed salmonids is a persistent welfare problem in aquaculture, and one which threatens to impede industry growth. Deformities of the fine bones of fish, such as ribs and intermuscular bones (IBs), have received less attention than vertebral

Technology continually reshapes our interactions with others and the broader society, with the environment, with the way we work and play, and possibly even the way we think. This continuous change seems to have recently accelerated by the widespread introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. For those like us who are not AI experts, a simpler way to understand AI might be as a combination