Horticultural crops suffer massive production losses due to abiotic stress, which is a key limiting factor worldwide. The ability of these crops to withstand such stress has been linked to melatonin, a biomolecule with significant roles in both physiological and molecular defense responses. Melatonin is pivotal in enhancing the resilience of horticultural crops to abiotic stress, making it a critical

Ascorbate (Asc), commonly known as vitamin C, is a vital molecule for plant growth, development, and stress resilience. It is also known to play a crucial role in various physiological processes, including photosynthesis, cell division, and differentiation. This article thoroughly explores the processes governing the metabolism of Asc in plants and its roles in physiological functions. It lays down

UGT (UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase) family members are mainly involved in the modification of secondary metabolites, as well as plant stress responses. Previously, we identified the UGT gene MdUGT88F4 from Malus spp. In order to verify whether it had biological function in apple plants, we generated transgenic apple plants overexpressed MdUGT88F4 and treated them with salt stress. The results showed

Iris sanguinea Donn ex Horn. is a common perennial ornamental herb in Northeast China due to its strong cold-resistance capacity. In this study, integrative analyses of metabolomics and transcriptomics data were performed on five cultivars of I. sanguinea with varying petal colors to elucidate the molecular basis underlying petal pigmentation. The metabolomics data revealed that a total of five major

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an extensively cultivated vegetable, and its growth and fruit quality can be significantly impaired by low temperatures. The widespread presence of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification on RNA is involved in a diverse range of stress response processes. There is a significant knowledge gap regarding the precise roles of m6A modification in tomato, particularly for cold

Juglans sigillata is an economically valuable nut crop renowned for its nutritional richness, including essential nutrients, antioxidants, and healthy fats, which boost human cardial, brain and gut health. Despite its importance, the lack of a complete genome assembly has been a stumbling block in its biological breeding process. Therefore, we generated deep coverage ultralong Oxford Nanopore Technology

Petal blotch is a prevalent pigmentation pattern observed in the Xibei tree peony (Paeonia rockii), possessing significant aesthetic value and playing a crucial role in the species' reproduction and fitness. Despite years of research, deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying blotch formation remains challenging. As is well known, floral pigmentation is frequently associated with the familiar

High atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) reduces the calcium (Ca) distribution in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits, severely reducing fruit mass. Reducing the VPD or increasing Ca fertilizer is an important measure to improve Ca distribution in fruits. However, the mechanism through which VPD and Ca regulate fruit Ca distribution remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of high

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small endogenous non-coding RNAs that direct post-transcriptional gene silencing. In plants, numerous miRNAs have been demonstrated to be regulated under drought-induced stress. However, the role of miRNAs in drought regulation remains unclear in potato. In this work, the function of stu-miR159a was investigated in responding to drought stress in potato. Upon examination

Seedlessness has always been a valuable quality characteristic of edible grape varieties. Although the production of seedless grapes has been ongoing for decades, the genetic complexity of seedless grapes is not yet fully understood. Therefore, determining the genetic mechanisms and key regulatory genes of seedless grapes is of great significance for seedless grape breeding and meeting market demands

For red pear, the anthocyanin content is a crucial factor determining the fruit skin color, which affects consumer preferences. Low overnight temperatures promote anthocyanin accumulation, but the molecular mechanism responsible is unclear. In this study, ‘Hongzaosu’ pear (Pyrus pyrifolia × Pyrus communis) fruit were treated with a low nighttime temperature (LNT, 16 °C) or a warm nighttime temperature

Banana (Musa spp.), being a globally significant fruit crop, faces a myriad of threats from various diseases, such as Fusarium wilt, Xanthomonas wilt, bunchy top disease, and weevils disease. This review provides an overview of recent advancements in molecular mechanisms and immune signaling pathways underlying disease resistance in banana. First, the review discusses the latest research advances on

The unique fruity aroma of strawberries enhances their appeal to consumers. Fragaria nilgerrensis, a wild strawberry distributed in Southwest China and known for its distinctive peach-like aroma, represents a valuable resource for improving the fragrance of cultivated strawberries. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the peach-like aroma biosynthesis remains largely unexplored. In this study

Achieving global fruit demand can be realized through the application of agricultural technologies. However, it is crucial to first overcome the enormous agricultural challenges posed by the implementation of efficient irrigation technologies. To address the issues related to inadequate water supply and inefficient traditional fruit tree irrigation methods, we propose a cost-effective and efficient

Coloration in rose (Rosa hybrida) petals is primarily determined by anthocyanin accumulation in vacuoles, and vacuolar acidification plays a central role in controlling the accumulation of this pigment. Nevertheless, the regulatory interplay between anthocyanin accumulation and tissue acidification processes remains somewhat unclear. The present study characterized an activator RhMYB114 and a repressor

In grape breeding programs, the extensive planting of seedlings is a crucial aspect. However, grape seeds display distinct dormancy traits, necessitating a prolonged cold stratification process for dormancy release. In order to enhance the efficiency of breeding programs, this study presents an innovative in vitro embryo germination technique that eliminates the requirement for cold stratification

Hypocotyl length is regarded to be a crucial seedling trait, influencing many subsequent plant development processes. However, little is known about this trait in Brassica campestris syn. Brasscia rapa. Here, we performed a comparative observation on the early hypocotyl development between two cultivars, ‘SZQ’ belonging to pak-choi (B. campestris ssp. chinensis var. communis) with longer hypocotyls

In this review, the advantages and advances in applying high-throughput sequencing (HTS) in the management of viral diseases in citrus, along with some challenges, are discussed to provide perspectives on future prospects. Since the initial implementation of HTS in citrus virology, a substantial number of citrus viruses have been identified, with a notable increase in the last 7 years. The acquisition

Carotenoid isomerase (CRTISO) is an important enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis, and it catalyzes the conversion of lycopene precursors to lycopene in several plant species. However, the role of CRTISO in other biochemical processes during plant growth and development remains unclear. Here, we showed that Chinese kale boacrtiso mutants have distinctive characteristics, including a yellow-green hue

Terpenoids are vital secondary metabolites in plants that function as agents for defense and stress resistance. These genes not only play crucial roles in plant growth and development but also function in diverse biological group interactions. Terpenoids released by fruit trees possess defensive properties and constitute a class of aromatic compounds. For some fruits, terpenoids are indispensable indicators

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) constitute a diverse family of synthetic polysaccharides with important roles in plant growth and development. This study characterized the GT14 family gene BpGT14;6 of birch (Betula platyphylla Suk.). BpGT14;6 was highly expressed in the xylem and stem of birch plants. Subcellular localization analysis suggested that BpGT14;6 was located in the Golgi apparatus. RNA interference

Polyamines (PAs) and ethylene are involved in the modulation of plant growth and development. However, their roles in fruit-set, especially in exogenous gibberellin (GA3)-induced grape parthenocarpic berries, and the related competitive action mode are poorly understood. For this, we, here performed their content determination, bioinformatics and expression pattern analysis of genes to identify the

Tea flavor is a comprehensive representation of its aroma and other characteristics. The formation of volatile odor compounds during tea processing depends on a variety of enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities. (Z)-3-hexenol is considered the primary source of the green odor and is also the most important component in tea aroma, significantly affecting the overall aroma. However, the biosynthesis

Drought stress significantly impedes apple growth, development, and yield, leading to substantial economic losses within the global apple industry. Malus prunifolia (Mp), a commonly utilized apple rootstock, has shown promise in augmenting cultivated apple resistance to abiotic stress. Although Alfin-like (ALs) proteins have demonstrated pivotal roles in dicotyledonous plants' response to abiotic stresses

Grafting is widely used in cucumbers to enhance their tolerance to environmental stress. Compatibility is a key factor for successful grafting, however, the physiological mechanisms that affect grafting compatibility are not clear. This study aimed to investigate the physiological mechanism underlying cucumber/pumpkin grafting compatibility. Two pumpkin cultivars with significant differences in compatibility

Soil cadmium pollution has increasingly become a serious problem for crop production, which drastically attenuates plant growth and food safety. Although N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is crucial for plant response to various stresses, the regulatory mechanism underlying m6A modification during cadmium (Cd) stress remains unclear. This study investigated the physiological responses, transcriptome-wide

Polyembryony has posed a significant impediment to the advancement of citrus hybrid breeding. FhRWP is widely regarded as a pivotal factor governing asexual reproduction in citrus, and prior research has demonstrated that FhARID1, acting as an upstream regulator, modulates FhRWP expression. In this study, we performed a genome-wide characterization of the ARID-HMG-related genes using the short juvenile

Decays resulting from infections by Geotrichum citri-aurantii cause a significant reduction in citrus postharvest quality and marketable yield. In the present work, 0.8 mol·L−1 NaCl of Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) salts were identified to have complete inhibition activity to G. citri-aurantii in vitro and in vivo. An inhibitory mechanism study showed that 0.1 mol·L−1 NaCl changed the expression

The SKP1 gene is an important component of the SCF (SKP1-Cullin1-F-box) complex and serves as a bridge connecting the F-box and Cullin1 genes (F-box-SKP1-Cullin1). The pattern of S-RNase being ubiquitously labelled by the SCF complex and degraded by the 26S protease accounts for the bulk of the available self-incompatibility studies. In this study, 15 ClSKP1s from the ‘Xiangshui’ lemon genome and ubiquitome

Anthocyanin is widely acknowledged as a crucial component contributing to apple fruit quality. However, research on the influence of NAC transcription factors on anthocyanin accumulation in red flesh apple is limited. In this study, a NAC transcription factor MdNAC77L was identified as highly related to the change of anthocyanin content, based on a combined anthocyanin metabolome and transcriptome

Improving salt tolerance and mitigating senescence in the presence of high salinity are crucial for sustaining agricultural productivity. Previous research has demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), specifically H2O2 derived from roots and mediated by the respiratory burst oxidase homolog (NADPH), plays a significant role in regulating ion and plant hormone homeostasis in glycophytic plants, such

Osmanthus fragrans Lour. is a well-known aromatic plant widely used as a food ingredient due to its unique floral fragrance and bioactive compounds. To fully utilize O. fragrans resources, we established an O. fragrans multi-omics database called the O. fragrans Information Resource (OfIR: http://yanglab.hzau.edu.cn/OfIR/home/). OfIR is a convenient and comprehensive multi-omics database that efficiently

Tomato, a vegetable of considerable global significance, has been the subject of extensive breeding efforts primarily aimed at achieving high yields and resistance to multiple stressors. However, despite these endeavors, the quality of fruits still cannot fully satisfy the diverse preferences of the majority of consumers. The elucidation of genetic determinants underlying fruit quality traits, coupled

The Leafminers, representing a diverse group of insects from various genera within the Agromyzidae family, pose a significant threat to spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) production. This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with leafminer resistance through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and to evaluate the prediction accuracy (PA) for selecting resistant

The role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in enabling plants to respond effectively to adverse conditions is well known, though the precise mechanism of action that helps plants cope with arsenic (As) toxicity is still difficult to interpret. Therefore we tested the effect of brassinolide (BL) spray (0, 0.5, and 1 mg · L−1) on As (0, and 10 mg · L−1) stressed tomato defense responses As stress led to the

Biotechnology has revolutionized agriculture through innovations such as genetically modified (GM) technology and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. In this review, a comparative analysis of these methods that addresses the concerns regarding the oversimplification of the notion that the CRISPR-based editing approach is equivalent to traditional GM approaches is offered. Since the 1990s, despite the potential

With their high economic value and cultural significance, modern roses are one of the most important ornamental plants. Because of their complicated genetic background and tetraploid nature, the creation of high-density genetic maps of roses has been a challenge that has slowed the pace of molecular breeding for modern roses. The current construction of tetraploid genetic maps based on existing diploid

Dry fig is a traditional healthy snack and has important economic value in a number of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries. Cultivars with no anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit peel are preferred for dry fig production. R2R3-MYB transcription factors have promotive or repressive regulatory roles in plant anthocyanin biosynthesis. In this study, 113 R2R3-MYB genes were identified in Ficus

Wax gourd (Benincasa hispida) is an important cucurbit crop with economic and medicinal value. The myeloblastosis (MYB) gene family is one of the largest gene families in plants and regulates various biological processes, whereas the MYB gene family has not been systematically studied in wax gourd. In this study, we performed genome-wide identification of the MYB gene family in wax gourd and analyzed

Microbial activities are the dynamic core of nutrient cycling in organic substrates, and the exploitation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strains contributes to sustainable agricultural development. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Bacillus velezensis SX13 in nutrient cycling and plant promotion under different substrate supply conditions. The effects of reduced substrate

The complex of calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK) serves as key components in calcium-sensing, orchestrating various signals crucial for plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the mechanism underlying the response of this module to cold stress and its role in flower development in wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) remains

The secondary cell wall (SCW) is essential for plant growth and development in vascular plants, and its biosynthesis is mainly controlled by a complex hierarchical regulatory network involving multiple transcription factors (TFs) at the transcription level. However, TFs that specifically regulate secondary xylem have not been widely reported. In this study, we described a poplar KNOTTED1-like homeobox

Commercial cultivars of garlic, a popular condiment, are sterile, making genetic variation and germplasm innovation of this plant challenging. Understanding mechanism of gamete sterility in garlic and their key regulatory networks is therefore important for fertility restoration. In this work, we conducted a detailed phenotypic analysis of fertile and sterile garlic genotypes and found that enlargement

Rosa, a genus esteemed worldwide for its ornamental plants, has encountered barriers in functional genomic studies and further genetic enhancement due to incomplete sequences and floating regions in previously sequenced genomes. Our groundbreaking study introduced a meticulously assembled, continuous, and fully bridged reference genome for Rosa rugosa, constructed through a sophisticated combination

The experiment addressed the effects of preharvest KH2PO4 foliar spraying (20 mmol · L−1) on fruit quality and composition (including volatile organic compounds, VOCs) of cherry tomatoes (‘Caravaggio’, ‘Sugarland’ and ‘Top Stellina’) after 0 (S0), 7 (S7) and 14 days (S14) of storage at 8.0 °C. On the average of the 3 genotypes, the KH2PO4 treatment improved fruit pressure firmness, total soluble solids

Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), an important fruit tree in tropical and subtropical regions, possesses substantial economic value. The branch- and leaf-related traits of litchi have a significant impact on litchi yield and quality. However, due to limitations such as the density of the genetic linkage map, there have been few studies on mapping QTLs of branch- and leaf-related traits. In this study

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) causes destructive kiwifruit bacterial canker by invading vascular tissues across multiple plant organs. However, the cellular mechanism underlying its systemic transmission and cell-to-cell movement within these specialized vascular conduits remains unclear. In this study, a Psa-GFP strain and various microscopic techniques were used to investigate the interaction

Nitrogen (N) is a key component in plants and their biological macromolecules, having a profound effect on developmental stages, such as germination, vegetative growth, and flowering. However, the mechanism of nitrogen-regulated flowering time remains unclear. In this study, CmNLP7 was isolated from the chrysanthemum cultivar ‘Jinba’ and was characterized. CmNLP7 is a transcription factor localized

Iris (Iris germanica) is a very popular ornamental plant and is known for the precious spice irone produced from its roots. Many iris varieties can also release fragrances through their flowers. However, the composition of iris aroma and the molecular mechanism of its synthesis have not been reported. In this study, we analyzed the volatile floral compounds of I. germanica ‘Harvest of Memories’ at

Oxalate content in spinach is a key trait of interest due to its relevance to human health. Understanding the genetic basis of it can facilitate the development of spinach varieties with reduced oxalate levels. In pursuit of understanding the genetic determinants, a diverse panel comprising 288 spinach accessions underwent thorough phenotyping of oxalate content and were subjected to whole-genome resequencing

Anthocyanins are important metabolites that provide a red or blue–purple hue to plants. The biosynthesis of these metabolites is mainly activated by the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex and repressed by a wide variety of proteins. Studies have shown that MYB activators activate MYB repressors to balance anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, there is a scarcity of studies investigating this mechanism in grapes

5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), is a novel plant growth regulator that can enhance plant tolerance against salt stress. However, the molecular mechanism of ALA is not well studied. In this study, ALA improved salt tolerance of apple (Malus × domestica 'Gala') when the detached leaves or cultured calli were used as the materials. The expression of MdWRKY71, a WRKY transcription factor (TF) gene was found