Bivalves possess a pair of valves connected to a stretchable ligament that facilitates the opening and closing of the shell. The growth bioprocess commences when the supplemental materials secreted from the edge are added to the early‐constructed shell. Here, we endeavor to provide a glimpse into physiological responses, mechanistic control, and omics applications toward understanding this complex trait. In the first section, we review studies that have been performed to investigate the effects of food availability, temperature, salinity, contaminants, and climate change in natural ecosystems and under experimental conditions. These conditions affect some internal promotors and alter the concentration of particular neuropeptides and neurotransmitters that induce neuroendocrinal signals crucial for regulating this peculiar process. Besides, we provide a predicted concept for organs' size control and maintaining body size homeostasis via intertwining networks, including the Hippo pathway. On the other hand, we discuss the findings of studies employing genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics approaches to uncover the mechanistic modulation of growth‐related traits in different bivalve species. We recommend further research to decipher organ size control and its intricate relationship with the entire body homeostasis. Future genetic dissection studies are also recommended to identify new key genes with a major effect that profoundly influences this trait, facilitating their potential editing to develop new strains with enhanced growth rates.

中文翻译：

---

了解双壳类软体动物体型大小和生长控制的机制调节


双壳类动物有一对连接到可拉伸韧带的瓣膜，有利于贝壳的打开和关闭。当从边缘分泌的补充材料被添加到早期构建的壳中时，生长生物过程就开始了。在这里，我们努力提供对生理反应、机械控制和组学应用的一瞥，以了解这种复杂的特征。在第一部分中，我们回顾了为调查自然生态系统和实验条件下粮食供应、温度、盐度、污染物和气候变化的影响而进行的研究。这些条件会影响一些内部启动子，并改变特定神经肽和神经递质的浓度，这些神经肽和神经递质会诱导对调节这一特殊过程至关重要的神经内分泌信号。此外，我们还提供了通过相互交织的网络（包括河马通路）控制器官大小和维持身体大小稳态的预测概念。另一方面，我们讨论了采用基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学方法来揭示不同双壳类物种生长相关性状的机制调节的研究结果。我们建议进一步研究以破译器官大小控制及其与整个身体稳态的复杂关系。还建议未来进行基因解剖研究，以确定具有重大影响的新关键基因，深刻影响这一性状，促进它们的潜在编辑，以开发具有更高生长速度的新菌株。