Research efforts around the world have focused on identifying the occurrence of emerging contaminants in aquaculture areas. In the Brazilian context, studies have aimed to identify emerging contaminants in water used for this activity. This systematic review covered studies published without a specific time frame with the following criteria: research conducted in aquaculture areas or with species and cultured water in Brazil and analysis of emerging contaminants. Out of the 42 studies identified, 132 emerging contaminants were observed. The Southeast and South regions accounted for most of these studies, with limited research conducted in the North and Northeast regions. Tilapia was the most studied species, followed by mollusks. In toxicity tests, animals showed several effects, such as decreased oxygen consumption and swimming patterns, histopathological changes, inhibition of sperm production, cardiac edema, spinal deformity, and antimicrobial resistance. In conclusion, advancements in research on emerging contaminants in Brazilian aquaculture are needed as the number of existing studies is lower compared to global numbers. Few studies have focused on analyzing cultivation sites to identify the contaminants present and their sources. Also noteworthy is the scarcity of work in the Northern region of Brazil and on native species. Characterizing these environments in terms of the types of contaminants and main sources of contamination is essential to finding ways to mitigate ecological and human health risks, as well as developing specific legislation for these contaminants because they are currently not part of routine monitoring programs and are therefore not regulated, especially in aquaculture environments.

中文翻译：

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与巴西水产养殖相关的新兴污染物


世界各地的研究工作都集中在识别水产养殖区中出现的新兴污染物。在巴西，研究旨在识别用于该活动的水中新出现的污染物。本系统评价涵盖了没有具体时间框架发表的研究，标准如下：在水产养殖区或巴西的物种和养殖水中进行的研究，以及对新出现的污染物的分析。在确定的 42 项研究中，观察到 132 种新出现的污染物。东南部和南部地区占这些研究的大部分，在北部和东北部地区进行的研究有限。罗非鱼是研究最多的物种，其次是软体动物。在毒性测试中，动物显示出多种效果，例如减少耗氧量和游泳模式、组织病理学变化、抑制精子产生、心脏水肿、脊柱畸形和抗菌素耐药性。总之，由于现有研究的数量与全球数量相比较少，因此需要推进对巴西水产养殖中新兴污染物的研究。很少有研究专注于分析培养地点以确定存在的污染物及其来源。同样值得注意的是，巴西北部地区和本地物种的研究很少。根据污染物的类型和主要污染源来描述这些环境的特征，对于寻找减轻生态和人类健康风险的方法以及为这些污染物制定具体立法至关重要，因为它们目前不是常规监测计划的一部分，因此不受监管，尤其是在水产养殖环境中。