Late-rotation fertilization of Norway spruce stands is a frequently used management tool in Fennoscandia to increase timber yields. Meanwhile, the growing demand for renewable resources has sparked great interest in earlier and repeated fertilizer application but it remains unclear how this affects carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in the understory, especially forest floor respiration (Rff). This study

Intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) is a critical parameter that encapsulates the equilibrium between carbon assimilation and the concomitant water expenditure. Enhancing the WUEi of crops is not only instrumental in bolstering their resilience to drought but also enables higher carbon fixation efficiency under conditions of scarce water resources. Improving the WUEi of crop varieties has become

This study focused on the production of 18-year global root zone soil moisture (RZSM) by the joint land surface data assimilation using the satellite observed leaf area index (LAI) and surface soil moisture (SSM). The impact of the assimilation on RZSM, LAI, and other key surface variables was also assessed. The multilayer diffusion scheme, biomass and CO2 interactive scheme, and the simplified extended

The filling stage of winter wheat is crucial for grain formation. Precise irrigation during this period can significantly enhance both grain yield and water productivity, especially in arid regions. This study introduces a method for precise irrigation decision-making of winter wheat at the filling stage based on UAV hyperspectral inversion of leaf water content (LWC). Through the relationship between

While the individual benefits of technologies like alternate wetting and drying (AWD), site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), mechanical transplanting, laser-guided land leveling (LLL), and herbicide application are well-documented, limited information exists on their combined effects on rice productivity and profitability.

Remote sensing has shown potential to provide accurate and real-time information on grassland forage quality, crucial for the management of livestock systems. However, there are still uncertainties that must be considered to make models reliable and practical. A source of discrepancy regards the measurement unit describing forage quality variables, namely either mass-based concentration (%) or mass

Conservation management in dryland agriculture preserves water, improves soil health and yields. To comprehend the complex interactions of conservation management and environmental factors in a rainfed forage system of the US Great Plains, distinguish the superior influence of conservation over conventional management, and have a different perspective from simulation modeling, machine learning (ML)

The rising frequency and severity of droughts due to global climate change have posed significant challenges to agriculture, particularly in the Ta-pieh Mountains of China, where the economy relies heavily on agriculture. Accurate drought prediction and understanding mechanisms are essential for reducing drought-related losses. This study proposes a framework that integrates machine learning with explainable

Saltwater intrusion (SWI) on low-lying coastal farms causes soil salinization, which may gradually render the land unsuitable for cultivation. Many studies on SWI focus on groundwater flow and salt transport, where the temporal dynamic of consequent soil salinization is understudied. To understand the effects of SWI on soil salinity, we gathered multi-scale field datasets on water level and salinity

The poor soil structure caused by salinization is a major factor affecting crop growth and soil structure will further affect hydrological function. Biochar is widely used to improve soil physical structure because of its special porous material. However, the mechanism of soil pore structure on hydrological function (e.g., soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, plant available water, least limiting

Commercial strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) production in Florida relies heavily on bare-root transplants, which typically have 3–5 leaves with partially desiccated roots. Successful establishment requires sprinkler irrigation during daylight hours for the first 10–14 days, leading to substantial water consumption. To address this issue, we evaluated the efficacy of intermittent sprinkler irrigation

Water scarcity in arid and semiarid areas highlights the importance of developing water-saving irrigation techniques. Soil extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs) and microbes are important for soil biochemical cycles and plant growth. However, little is understood about how soil EEAs, and microbial communities respond to water-saving irrigation systems and levels. Therefore, a field experiment was

The rise in winter and spring nighttime temperatures is a hallmark of global climate change, and warming has been proven to stimulate N2O emissions from wheat fields. However, it remains elusive whether this increasing effect is influenced by straw return, a practice considered globally as a future climate-smart agricultural strategy.

The partitioning of light between species in intercrops changes over time in relation to the earliness of canopy development of each species, the final plant height, and the growth duration. Seasonal patterns of light capture in crop species mixtures may be reflected in the yield components of the species.

Tree growth in forests is affected independently or jointly by drought dimensions, namely severity, timing, and duration, making the accurate modeling predictions a formidable challenge, and it still remains uncertain how trees respond to multiple dimensions of drought. Here, we quantified the dynamic response of tree growth (evaluated by resistance and resilience) to different dimensions of droughts

Apple is one of the globally significant perennial fruits, with high consumption driven by the demand for nutritional food diversity and population growth. There is a lack of understanding with respect to the potential consequences of climate change, particularly the impact of spring frost – a frequent agrometeorological disaster on apple yield. Here we used a process-based apple model driven by five

Intensive agricultural practices to meet the current world food demand are the main cause of degradation of soil health and environmental pollution. In traditional agriculture, synthetic fertilizers are used which can impact soil health and result in environmental pollution. So, agricultural production in a sustainable way becomes a current issue. Different agricultural inputs may improve soil health

The increasing concentrations of ground‐level ozone (O3) resulting from industrialisation and anthropogenic activities present a substantial environmental threat to agricultural productivity, particularly affecting O3‐sensitive crops such as soybeans. The effects of acute O3 exposure on soybean yield attributes and seed quality and whether soybean showed different detoxification mechanisms in response

Soil moisture estimation is critical for environmental and agricultural sustainability, with its spatial and temporal variation playing a key role in drought monitoring and understanding climate change. The region of Prince Edward Island (PEI), Atlantic Canada's largest potato producer, is facing irregular precipitation patterns that stress crop water supplies. This study aims to estimate field-scale

Soil erosion is amplified by the increased precipitation and rainfall erosivity caused by the changing climate, particularly for global mid-high latitude areas. Yet soil erosion processes and proper tillage practices are not well understood at the crop seedling stage, when the annual precipitation is usually concentrated in these regions. Simulated rainfall experiments were conducted at the rainfall

Aboveground biomass (AGB) is a key parameter for assessing the carbon sequestration potential of urban ecosystems. However, traditional empirical models for AGB estimation often have poor transferability in urban environments, leading to overestimation or underestimation and limiting the ability to create continuous spatial maps of AGB. Recently, the relatively stable allometric relationships between

Wetlands provide a huge carbon (C) sink and represent strategic areas for regulating climate change. However, extensive wetlands have been lost since 1700, primarily for conversion to cropland. Currently, few studies have comprehensively evaluated changes in C budgets and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions following wetland conversion to cropland. Here, we measured annual carbon dioxide (CO2), methane

The increasing availability of remote sensing (RS) data and the advancement of computation abilities, combined with the demands for enhancing crop production, encourages the creation of a framework in which crop growth simulation can be updated sequentially to serve as a yield predictor and be part of a decision support system. However, crop model outputs and RS data must be linked via a radiative

Straw return is commonly used to improve soil fertility and quality, thereby contributing to improved crop production; however, the influence of different straw management on soil moisture variation, its response to precipitation, and soil pore properties remains largely inadequate, let alone the relationships between these factors. To fill this knowledge gap, the temporal dynamics of soil moisture

Agricultural water conservation is crucial for sustainable development, particularly in water-scarce regions. This study examines the factors that influence water conservation behaviors among wheat farmers, comparing those in water-deficient areas to those in water-endowed regions. Utilizing a non-experimental causal-comparative approach, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered

Mitigating methane (CH4) emissions from the rice paddy is crucial for preventing global warming and achieving carbon neutrality in agroecosystems. While biochars are effective soil amendments for reducing CH4 emissions, their efficacy varies with different feedstocks, soil properties, climate conditions, and field management. A global evaluation needs to be conducted.

The study aim was to analyze and interpret long-term trends in temperature and olive reproductive features, including full flowering dates and daily pollen concentrations, in central Italy. A 40-year database (1982–2022) of pollen and temperature records was utilized. Temperature changes significantly affect spring phenology and olive trees, sensitive to climate change, exhibit earlier flowering in

A better comprehension and analysis of climate impacts on crop traits allows the implementation of more appropriate adaptation strategies and, therefore, a higher resilience of the future cropping systems. The aims of this study were: (i) to assess how the climate changed in the last 32 years in a Mediterranean‐type climate, (ii) to understand how crop traits evolved over time in early and late durum

This study explores the patterns of sustainable use and management of competing water sectors in the Alanya Water Users Association (WUA) in Southern Türkiye, over eight years (2013–2020) before the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic, focusing on the impacts of the recorded huge growth of tourism. Performance indicators of collective irrigation services are used to identify performance patterns and trends over time

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), the second most important oil crop in the world, is extremely vulnerable to drought stress, resulting in severe reductions in yield and quality. Leaf epidermal wax plays an important role in drought stress. However, the genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of wax synthesis in B. napus remain unclear. Here, the integrated analysis of physiology, transcriptome, and metabolome

To fully understand the sprinkler irrigation-crop-soil continuum, prevent sprinkler erosion, and ensure good development of sprinkler technology, it is essential to characterize the spatiotemporal variability of physical parameters and the splash erosion potential of sprinkler water droplets. The influences of maize canopy and sprinkler characteristics on the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of

Global warming is projected to increase future droughts that will have a significant impact on maize cultivation in China. Therefore, we studied the changing climate patters and its impact during the maize growth period (MGP) using the downscaled outputs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP245 and SSP585) for the future period in

The removal of nitrogen from farmland drainage is challenging due to the typically low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio. In this study, an algal-bacterial symbiosis system was developed to treat low C/N farmland drainage. The investigation focused on the nutrient removal rates, microbial growth characteristics, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content, and microbial community species composition

Long-term chemical fertilizer use poses sustainability challenges for achieving optimal crop yields and may even diminish yields and fertilizer use efficiency. Sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices must address these challenges by reducing fertilizer application. Biochar emerges as a promising solution, with significant potential for enhancing soil fertility and crop yields

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the major crops worldwide. Identification of environmental factors that improve both yield and N2-fixation remain of high importance.

Powdery mildew disease threatens wheat production worldwide, and early detection is of great significance for disease control and maximizing yield and quality. To improve early remote sensing detection of wheat powdery mildew, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) parameters were extracted using three-band Fraunhofer line discrimination (3FLD) and reflectance index approaches, and vegetation

Globally, climate changes have significantly shifted the phenological phases and stages of rice, altered the duration of the growing season and negatively affected rice productivity due to flooding and drought. However, in the present study, the positive and negative impacts of inter‐annual climate variability on rice crops during phenological stages in agro‐climatic zones of Punjab for the period

Agricultural non-point source (ANPS) pollution increasingly threatens China’s aquatic ecosystems. Intercropping grain crops (GC) and cash crops (CC) increases landscape fragmentation, making pollution control harder. As producers of ANPS pollution and beneficiaries of its governance, farmers’ participation is crucial for improving water environments. However, the impact of social networks, closely

Monitoring the aboveground biomass (AGB) is critical for assessing crop growth status, predicting yield, and making informed crop management decisions.

Enhancing crop yield by increasing planting density has long been a widely accepted agricultural practice. However, high-density planting is prone to problems, such as increased intraspecific competition. Growth regulators are often used to mitigate the challenges posed by heightened intraspecific competition and the negative effects on kernel setting and final yield associated with dense planting

The dwarfing gene Rht15 can significantly reduce plant height and improve lodging resistance, but has some negative effects on yield traits. Rht15 is a gibberellin-responsive (GAR) dwarfing gene that causes dwarfism by blocking the Gibberellin (GA) synthesis pathway in plants, and application of exogenous GA3 can increase the plant height phenotype. The aim of this study was to investigate whether

This article studied the carboxylation of technical lignin and subsequent use as emulsion stabilizer. Oxidation was conducted with hydrogen peroxide under alkaline conditions. As both titration and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed, phenolic units were converted to carboxyl groups by oxidation. The treatment was most effective for soda lignin from Arkansas/straw, but also had significant

To improve nitrogen uptake and grain quality in maize, this study explores the dynamic processes of nitrogen accumulation, distribution, and translocation under varying water and nitrogen supplies, aiming to optimize water-nitrogen management practices. Field trials were conducted in Karamay, Xinjiang, in 2022 and 2023, with different irrigation levels (75 % ETc, 100 % ETc, 125 % ETc) and nitrogen