Zero tillage and straw retention have been presented large scale to curb the menace of straw burning and sustaining soil health in rice production systems. At the same time, we know rice cultivation particularly double rice cropping system is an anthropogenic source of atmospheric greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions, mainly, Methane (CH4), Nitrous oxide (N2O), and Carbon dioxide (CO2). Thus, it is important

Nitrogen availability is the primary limitation for the growth of tall fescue, Argentina's most widely cultivated cool-season pasture. Significant yield gaps exist in fescue pastures on commercial farms, where average annual yields are around 5 t/ha, compared to a potential yield of 10 to 15 t/ha. Nitrogen fertilization remains uncommon among cow-calf producers, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding

The need to quantify sustainability in agriculture and the ecosystem services it provides is increasingly felt by the sector. Indicators and indices are useful tools for this purpose, but are currently scarce in the specialized fruit-growing sector. In addition, there is a need for a more holistic view of the orchard system, which also considers unproductive spaces, such as the inter-row, where techniques

Lowering greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia emissions from ruminant production systems is critical to mitigating climate change and enrichment and acidification of vulnerable habitats. Quantifying emission reductions from the implementation of best practices (BP) on grassland-based dairy systems is essential to guide farmers and policy towards wider adoption of best practices.

Water availability shapes agricultural land use patterns, which in turn impacts water supplies. Beef cattle production is one of the most water-intensive food production activities. Therefore, it is fundamental to identify pathways to reduce water consumption and to determine suitable producing-regions to mitigate the current pressures on water resources.

Researchers have identified numerous strategies to improve economic performance and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity in combined milk and beef production on dairy farms. However, there remains a need to better understand how the effectiveness of these strategies varies under different operational conditions.

Transitioning to future circular economies and food systems will increase demand for biomass in society. Residual streams, which include food loss, food waste and by-products (e.g., rapeseed meal) from agriculture and food production are a valuable source of biomass in more circular food systems. It is currently unclear if and whether these residual streams should be utilised optimally: as animal feed

Many countries only allow seed of registered varieties to be legally produced and sold in the market. Due to strict requirements regarding the characteristics (e.g., distinctness, uniformity, and stability) and performance (e.g., outperforming high-yielding varieties under standardized growing conditions) for varieties to be released, this implies that many farmers' varieties are confined to the spheres

The dairy production system fills an important role by providing nutrient-dense foods in Swedish diets, however, future efforts to improve its sustainability necessitate structural changes.

Animal diet, farm management, and feed production are factors that need to be considered in order to maximize the efficiency and minimize the environmental impacts of dairy farms. Sustainable forage intensification could be one possible solution in order to maintain food security and profitability and at the same time respect the environment under the threat of climate change.

Agroecological practices, including growing cover crops, are promising practices to adapt to climate change and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, their long-term effects on soil nitrogen (N) dynamics and mineral N fertilization in cropping systems requires further investigation.

Serious games can be used as a tool for learning, increasing coordination, supporting decision-making processes, and other purposes that can strengthen sustainability transitions. While agriculture is an important corner stone for these transitions, little research has been done on serious games on agricultural and none on the potential link with sustainability issues.

Efforts are being made globally to promote transformations from conventional to agroecological agricultural systems. In many places, such efforts have been made in dialogue with peasant communities, involving a range of social actors with converging actions. Understanding the drivers of such transformations can elucidate key elements capable of promoting changes in the agrifood system.

The development of smallholder agriculture in Africa faces numerous challenges. While digitalization is seen as a transformative opportunity for the continent's agricultural sector, there is limited empirical evidence on the effectiveness and impact of digital tools for smallholder farmers. This study examines the landscape of digital agriculture in Kenya, often called Africa's “Silicon Savannah,”

Given policy objectives for pesticide reduction, functional biodiversity is increasingly important for agricultural production. However, economic land use optimisation models rarely account for the interplay between agricultural production and functional biodiversity, like natural pest control (NPC).

In the face of intensifying challenges for sustainable food production, well-planned agricultural development is crucial to mitigate climate impacts and manage blue water demands. Tools and methodologies that support public policy for sustainable regional growth are essential, especially in regions lacking hydroclimatic data, which complicates the use of simulation models for efficient water management

Crop-livestock reintegration could reduce the environmental footprint of decoupled crop and livestock production related to biogeochemical cycles. Previous experiments showed that replacing fallow periods in annual crop rotations with grazed cover crops increases total nitrogen (N) and organic carbon (SOC), based on topsoil sampling and stocks compared by equivalent soil depth. Stock comparisons based

Dairy production systems with a high stocking density are strongly dependent on external feed resources and concentrate nutrients in manure on a small surface area, thus causing environmental challenges. Both improved manure management and integration of crop-dairy production have been proposed as ways to reduce nutrient losses and improve sustainability of intensive dairy production. However, the

Wetland drainage has become an increasingly important conservation issue in the Prairie Pothole region of North America. Financial incentives for annual crop production have driven wetland drainage for decades, and the removal of wetlands has detrimentally impacted key wetland ecosystem services such as wildlife habitat and carbon sequestration. Past studies which model the farmer's decision to drain

The choice of crops for cultivation should be ideally based on the appropriateness of a specific parcel of land for a particular crop. This is a multi-criteria problem associated with a host of natural conditioning variables including topography, climate and pedology. However, in a country like India, where agriculture is often traditional and subsistence-based, the farmers' choice of crop selection

Informal seed trade can exacerbate crop disease epidemics. Potato production across Ethiopia is threatened by the spread of seedborne pests and pathogens, particularly by bacterial wilt, caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC). The RSSC is commonly dispersed through informal trade of seed potato, with the potential to move long distances across Ethiopia and among trading countries

Rapid decarbonisation is required to mitigate climate change. An overdependence on land-based carbon capture threatens food production, indigenous and local rights, biodiversity, and climate overshoot. Accurate emissions estimates are important for tracking progress towards net zero goals and efficiently determining land requirements to balance un-avoided emissions.

Agroecology implementation around the world have shown that increasing the complexity of the agroecosystem leads to increased resilience, lower dependence on synthetic inputs, the provision of ecosystem services and improved performance. However, designing diversified agroecosystems is particularly complex because of the diverse factors to take into account for each specific local context and the range

With the northward shift of planting belts and increased temperature variability under climate change, chilling injury to crops migrating northward may remain dangerous and worsened by the expansion intensity.

Precision weeding, a sector of agricultural technology in which drones and/or automated weeders use chemical, mechanical, or thermal means to eradicate weeds, has moved from academic research settings to commercialization. Because of labor shortage pressures, the push to gain competitive advantages, and the environmental impacts of excessive chemical inputs, many California growers have been interested

Soybeans (Glycine max L.) are a crucial crop for global food security, and the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil, plays a significant role. However, climate instability, particularly water stress (WS), is a major concern in this region, causing large interannual yield variability.

Climate change and increasing frequency of climatic perturbations could have acute impacts on the management and performances of organic farms in grassland areas. Resilience provides a framework for analyzing livestock systems in this context.

Integrating outdoor poultry production with agroforestry promotes both production and animal welfare, but very little data exist on field nitrate leaching and soil nitrogen (N) balances.

Cluster farming is a new approach that began in Ethiopia in 2015 to shift smallholder farmers' production from subsistence to a commercial system. Improving income, increasing exports, ensuring food quality and affordability, reducing reliance on imports and developing the domestic market; expanding industries, and creating off-farm employment opportunities are the primary objectives of cluster commercial

A newly established ‘systemic approach to technology packaging’ for improved scaling has emerged in the literature. This approach suggests that core transformative innovations can be scaled more effectively through scaling readiness, which helps identify complementary innovations that support and facilitate the scalability of the core innovation. Since these packaging approaches start with single core

Digital phytosanitation is at the forefront of the Agriculture 4.0 revolution, using digital technologies and data-driven approaches for effective pest and disease management. However, these advances face technical, economic and implementation challenges such as cost, infrastructure requirements and lack of immediate economic returns. In the olive sector, digital technologies are essential for threat

Drought occurs frequently under climate change and is considered a huge threat especially for the rain-fed agricultural region. Intercropping systems are promoted as an adaptation to mitigate drought stress due to the interspecific complementarity of intercropped species and improved water use efficiency.

Integrated farming systems provide high protein and energy yields per unit of land and increase farm income, particularly for smallholder farmers in land-scarce areas. However, the adoption rate by farmers is low, and some farmers discontinue after adoption (relapse).

Coffee is produced under different management systems and scales of production categorized as Syndromes of Production. The “Capitalist Syndrome” is characterized by large-scale and high-density planting farms that may promote the development of plant pathogens like coffee leaf rust (CLR). Harvesting dynamics are also affected by the syndrome of production and generate spatial trajectories that could

Peanut is an important economic and oil crop that has the potential to contribute to low-carbon agriculture. However, there is scarcity of comprehensive evaluations regarding the impact of various peanut rotation systems and their contribution to low-carbon agriculture.

Protein is a central component of health and nutrition. The current protein production system is unlikely to sustainably meet the growing global demand for protein. Therefore, alternative sources of protein must be considered.

The ongoing changes in climate constitute a major risk factor for global potato production. Recent studies have underscored the productivity-enhancing effects of plastic mulching for rain-fed potatoes. However, the adaptability of mulching measures to climate change in order to facilitate increased potato yields remains a question. Moreover, the coupling effects of different climatic factors on potato

Climate change poses significant challenges to agricultural productivity, crop yield and overall resilience of farming system, particularly in mountainous regions. In a mountainous coutry like Nepal, where agriculture is a crucial livelihood for a substantial population, the Climate Resilient Agricultural (CRA) solutions are imperative. These solutions aim to enhance the sustainability of water, reduce

Urban expansion(UE) and multiple cropping(MC) are key factors in anthropogenic impacts on global environmental change. However, the multi-scale response patterns of UE and MC have not yet been revealed, and how urbanization affects cropland intensification is still not deeply explored.

To equitably nourish the world's growing human population whilst halting further transgression of the planetary boundaries, there is a need to evaluate the relative performance of food and farming systems in terms of multiple and often competing food security, environmental, and ethical sustainability objectives.

Global agroecosystems, predominantly pastoral and rangelands, are crucial for food, fibre, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity, covering about 40-50 % of Earth's land. Yet, they are also sources of greenhouse gas emissions, soil erosion, and land degradation. In New Zealand, nearly half the land supports grazing ruminants, significantly impacting the environment and contributing to methane and nitrous

Reconnecting crop and livestock production beyond the farm gate by exchanging raw materials (e.g., feed, manure) between farms is seen as a promising solution for improving the environmental performance of farms, since it should reduce the use of imported nitrogen (N) inputs. However, such a circular economy does not necessarily lead to a positive outcome, since cooperating farms might simultaneously

The digital transformation of agriculture is a complex and dynamic process involving numerous stakeholders. Inadequate participation and collaboration from stakeholders are major factors contributing to the difficulties in agricultural digital transformation. However, there is a paucity of research that dynamically uncovers the driving forces and obstacles of agricultural digitization from the perspective

Understanding the dynamics of potential yields, actual yields, and their drivers is vital for developing sustainable agricultural management practices. Previous studies on rice in China, focusing on either limited experiments, limited driving factors, or short-term periods, reached inconsistent conclusions.

Vertical Farming Systems (VFSs) are considered an evolutionary jump in humanity's quest for a reliable, sustainable and healthier food supply, and their design and implementation require bringing multi-stakeholder together to achieve values co-creation. However, there is a lack of the qualitative and quantitative analysis from the perspective of multi-stakeholder's value exchange to explain the complex

Semi-arid regions are one of the most vulnerable regions of climate change to agriculture. Karnataka, a semi-arid state of India has warmed by 0.4 °C with declining trends in average annual rainfall by 10 % over the last century, is highly vulnerable to climate change. To adapt with this climate change impact, Government of Karnataka along with CGIAR institutes and agriculture universities had initiated

The transition to sustainable fruit production is vital for global sustainability and agricultural development. However, implementing these insights into practice faces significant challenges.

Early generation seed (EGS) production and delivery pathways are critical components of so-called formal seed systems, of principal importance in the release of improved varieties into national seed systems. Vegetatively propagated crops (VPCs), with clonal reproductive ability and considerable differences in production and dissemination patterns from sexually propagated crops, often challenge generalized

The agricultural sector has a high potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. One promising measure is to promote the longevity of dairy cows, as the resulting reduction in replacement heifers reduces the overall GHG emissions of the dairy sector.

Smallholder farmers in semi-arid West Africa face challenges such as weather variability, soil infertility, and inadequate market infrastructure, hindering their adoption of improved farming practices. Economic risks associated with uncertain weather, production and market conditions often result in measures such as selling assets and withdrawing children from school, resulting in long-term impoverishment

Environmental policies are increasingly relying on digitalization to improve efficiency. However, there is still a lack of knowledge on farmers' attitudes toward digitally-based environmental policies.

In Ireland, a national Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD) eradication programme has been effective in reducing national prevalence and has recently been approved by the European Commission. In anticipation of achieving freedom, there is an ongoing discussion regarding appropriate strategies post-eradication to monitor for continued freedom from Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV) infection of the national

Quality vegetable seed has the potential to significantly impact nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa, as the region has the world's lowest per capita production and consumption of vegetables. Moreover, seed companies might have an important role to play, as in Asia, vegetable production and consumption increased rapidly following the expansion of the private seed sector. However, market-driven

Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of existing cropping systems in a given context is a key first step before designing new, more sustainable cropping systems. The concept of multifunctionality can be a useful tool for cropping system assessment. Whether and how cropping systems and specific management practices might modulate agroecosystem multifunctionality remains unknown, as do the potential

Participatory system dynamics modelling is a useful method for characterising agricultural systems and the complex dynamics linking their human and agronomic counterparts that determine their long-term behaviour and sustainability. One challenge facing this use of system dynamics methods, nonetheless, is the scarcity of time-series data for many key variables, which hinders the calibration and validation

Land intensive grass-based dairy systems have the highest contribution to food security but may have a higher impact on the environment. The aim of this study was to classify dairy farms in terms of sustainable contribution to food security and analyze the farm characteristics related to these performances. To this end, we performed a sustainability assessment by calculating 17 indicators using FADN

Economic sustainability is a primary consideration when contemplating adoption of new farming practices to mitigate climate change. Quantifying the impact of adopting best practices to lower emissions on the profitability of dairy production systems is critical to encouraging rapid adoption at farm level to reach emissions reduction targets.

Excessive fertilizer application and poor agronomy management result in adverse environmental impacts and high environmental and economic costs for ecological restoration.