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QTL mapping of stem rust resistance in a Bill Brown/Gage winter wheat population Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2025-01-06
Tadele T. Kumssa, P. S. Baenziger, M. N. Rouse, Waseem Hussain, Vikas Belamkar, Stephen N. Wegulo, Jesse PolandThe wheat (Triticum spp.) stem rust pathogen, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn. (Pgt), has continued to be a devastating biotic stress in wheat production. Over previous decades, scientists have identified several resistance genes effective against Pgt. However, the ever‐evolving Pgt and low availability of durable resistance necessitates continuous identification and wise deployment
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Unveiling loose smut resistance in Indian bread wheat germplasm: Gene postulation and pedigree analysis Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2025-01-03
Divya Bhandhari, Ritu Bala, Puja Srivastava, Jaspal Kaur, Vineet Kumar SharmaThe present study is aimed at the postulation of Ut genes in loose smut‐resistant bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes and establishing a correlation with their pedigree. Loose smut caused by Ustilago segetum tritici (Ust) is an internal seed‐borne disease of wheat that can be managed through chemical seed treatment. However, due to the absence of evident symptoms, seed treatment is not a regular
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Predictive analytics of selections of russet potatoes Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-28
Fabiana Ferracina, Bala Krishnamoorthy, Mahantesh Halappanavar, Shengwei Hu, Vidyasagar SathuvalliWe explore the application of machine learning algorithms specifically to enhance the selection process of Russet potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) clones in breeding trials by predicting their suitability for advancement. This study addresses the challenge of efficiently identifying high‐yield, disease‐resistant, and climate‐resilient potato varieties that meet processing industry standards. Leveraging
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Performance and recovery of turfgrasses irrigated with varying crop coefficients Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-28
Elena Sevostianova, Dawn VanLeeuwen, Matteo Serena, Rossana Sallenave, Bernd LeinauerDeficit irrigation is a water conserving practice that involves watering below an estimated evapotranspiration (ET) replacement level. Research is limited to comparing cool‐season (CS) and warm‐season (WS) turfgrass varieties grown in arid regions under varying deficit irrigation replacement levels. This study investigated the effects of five levels of reference evapotranspiration for short grass (ETOS)
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High plant density optimizes leaf stomatal traits for accelerating the stomatal response rate at the lower cotton canopy Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-28
Xilin Li, Xiaoming Li, Tong Zhang, Xiaofei Xue, Yunjing Dai, Zhangying Lei, Daohua HePlants are often exposed to fluctuating light from a few seconds to a few minutes due to cloud movements, mutual shading of leaves, and change in the angle of the sun. Slow stomatal response to fluctuating light leads to carbon loss, but the influence of planting density on light fluctuation frequency and on stomatal response and carbon gain has yet to be fully explored. To fill this knowledge gap
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Trade‐offs between early planting and yellow rust resistance in wheat: Insights from screening experiments in the Indo‐Gangetic plain Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-26
Md. Farhad, Shashi B. Tripathi, Ravi P. Singh, Arun K. Joshi, Pradeep K. Bhati, Uttam KumarWheat crops (Triticum aestivum) that are conventionally planted may exhibit susceptibility to yellow rust (YR). However, the disease can be mitigated if the crops are planted earlier than the recommended planting time. A wheat screening experiment was carried out at the Borlaug Institute of South Asia located in Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The purpose of the study was to gain a deeper understanding of
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Robust genomic prediction and heritability estimation using density power divergence Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-23
Upama Paul Chowdhury, Ronit Bhattacharjee, Susmita Das, Abhik GhoshThis manuscript delves into the intersection of genomics and phenotypic prediction, focusing on the statistical innovation required to navigate the complexities introduced by noisy covariates and confounders. The primary emphasis is on the development of advanced robust statistical models tailored for genomic prediction from single nucleotide polymorphism data in plant and animal breeding and multi‐field
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Special expression of alanine‐aminotransferase1 (OsAlaAT1) improves nitrogen utilization in wheat Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-20
Bo Jiao, Jiao Wang, Fushuang Dong, Fan Yang, Yongwei Liu, Lei Sun, Jianfang Chai, Shuo ZhouNitrogen is an essential macronutrient for crop development and growth. However, nitrogen‐based fertilizer application not only increases the cost of crop production systems, but also causes serious environmental pollution and low nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in cereal crops. To enhance the NUE of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the transgenic approach was used to create a new variety. In this study
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Early‐season floral bud loss has little impact on the maturity, yield, and lint quality of high‐yielding Bt cotton crops Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-20
Paul R. Grundy, Kerry L. BellProtecting floral buds (squares) from insect damage in cotton during early growth is a priority for crop managers despite unclear implications for yield potential and increased system risks from early‐season insecticide use. This study was conducted to determine the compensatory responses of high‐yielding Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivars, following manual square damage
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Characterization of cool‐ and warm‐season turfgrass host suitability to annual bluegrass weevil (Listronotus maculicollis, Kirby) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-19
Audrey Simard, Benjamin A. McGrawThe annual bluegrass weevil, Listronotus maculicollis Kirby, is considered the most destructive insect pest of short‐mown turfgrasses in northeastern North America. Poa annua L. is the preferred host plant, though the weevil can develop in other cool‐season (C3) turfgrasses such as bentgrasses (Agrostis spp. L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Recently, damaging populations have been reported
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Seed size has a major impact on fall seedling vigor in the cover crop hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-16
Neal Tilhou, Lisa Kissing Kucek, Virginia Moore, Solveig Hanson, S. Chris Reberg‐Horton, Matthew R. Ryan, Nancy Ehlke, Amy Bartow, Brandon Carr, Joel Douglas, John Englert, Jamie Crawford, Ryan Crawford, Shahjahan Ali, Suresh Bhamidimarri, Steven Mirsky, Maria J. Monteros, Ryan Hayes, Heathcliffe RidaySeedling vigor is a critical trait for successful cover crop varieties. Selection for seed size can impact fall seedling vigor in the cover crop hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth). Fall vigor and seed size measurements from 1239 plants and fall vigor measurements from 13,923 progeny across 25 different growing environments were used to calculate narrow sense heritabilities and identify relationships
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Association mapping of drought stress response for yield and quality traits in barley Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-16
Suraj Sapkota, Eninka Mndolwa, Gongshe Hu, Jason Fiedler, Raja Sekhar Nandety, Craig H. Carlson, Kathy Esvelt KlosBarley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a major cereal crop grown worldwide for human consumption, malting, and animal feed. Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that reduce grain yield and quality in barley. This study was conducted to evaluate a set of 250 barley lines grown under irrigated, water‐stressed, and rainfed conditions and to identify genomic regions associated with 10 traits related to
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Physiological changes and molecular regulation in sweetpotato responses to low‐temperature stress Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-16
Fangfang Mu, Hao Zheng, Qiaorui Zhao, Zongyun LiSweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam) is highly adaptable to different soils and climates, but it is more sensitive to cold due to its tropical origin. Low‐temperature stress is a key factor affecting storage and has a significant impact on sweetpotato quality. During sweetpotato storage, prolonged exposure to low temperatures causes chilling damage to the root system, altering its physiological functions
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Creation and identification of diploid and tetraploid interspecific hybrids between Oryza sativa and Oryza barthii Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-16
Zhaojian Song, Chaoqun Du, Pincang Lv, Zhenhua Qiao, Keyi Liu, Xianhua Zhang, Wei Wang, Yuchi He, Detian CaiWild rice species are invaluable resources for genetic improvement of cultivated rice. “Breeding super rice using double advantages of wide cross and polyploidization” is a novel pathway in rice breeding. To exploit the favorable genes of wild rice fully, a technical system composed of hormone treatment, repeated pollination, hybrid embryo rescue, and chromosome doubling was established for efficient
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BC204, a citrus‐based plant extract, stimulates plant growth in Arabidopsis thaliana and Solanum lycopersicum through regulation and signaling Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-14
J. Loubser, N. C. Le Maitre, A. P. Claassens, B. Coetzee, J. Kossmann, P. N. HillsBC204 is a citrus‐based plant extract applied as a plant biostimulant on a variety of plant species in South Africa, China, and Australia. Although there are reports that it elicits physiological responses such as an increase in crop yield, abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, and fruit quality, no molecular data are available to explain the specific mechanisms underlying these effects. In this study
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Development and validation of a quantitative PCR assay method to assess relative resistance of winter wheat to dwarf bunt at early growth stages Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-14
Belayneh A. Yimer, Rachel Patterson, Margaret R. Krause, Juliet MarshallDwarf bunt, caused by Tilletia controversa, is a major biotic constraint and grain contaminant in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production. The conventional approach for evaluating dwarf bunt resistance in wheat cannot be conducted until maturity. Hence, there is a need to develop a method to determine host resistance at an earlier growth stage. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)
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Promoting rapeseed yield: Improving canopy structure and formation of large pod via adjusting planting density Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-14
Long Wang, Yiyang Li, Chen Qian, Jing Li, Guobing Lin, Wenting Qu, Yan Wang, Yaowei Lin, Yihang Huang, Jingdong Zheng, Jingjing You, Qingsong ZuoIncreasing planting density is a common practice to enhance rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield via an increase in pod quantity. However, excessive density may lead to a deterioration in pod quality. Therefore, we hypothesized that improving pod quality based on a certain level of pod quantity could further increase seed yield. A randomized block experiment was conducted with five density levels (2
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Genomic prediction of metabolic content in rice grain in response to warmer night conditions Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-14
Ye Bi, Harkamal Walia, Toshihiro Obata, Gota MorotaIt has been argued that metabolic content can be used as a selection marker to accelerate crop improvement because metabolic profiles in crops are often under genetic control. Evaluating the role of genetics in metabolic variation is a long‐standing challenge. Rice, one of the world's most important staple crops, is known to be sensitive to recent increases in nighttime temperatures. Quantification
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Simulating sagebrush–cheatgrass plant community biomass production in the Great Basin using ALMANAC Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-14
Merilynn C. Schantz, James R. Kiniry, Amber S. Williams, Kelly R. Thorp, Beth Newingham, Stuart P. Hardegree, C. Jason Williams, Kirk W. Davies, Roger L. SheleyCheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is a widespread species of concern throughout the western US, as it dominates many low‐elevation rangelands and continues to spread annually. As a winter annual grass, however, cheatgrass can produce high‐quality and cheap protein forage for livestock early in the growing season. Estimating biomass can lead to better management in these western United States and Great Basin
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Forage production in tall fescue and kikuyugrass mixed swards subjected to different defoliation strategies Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-14
Fábio L. Winter, Maria G. Pittaro, Daniel Schmitt, Valentina Y. M. Moncada, Guilherme R. de Mello, Tiago Miqueloto, Angela Bernardon, Daniel A. Barreta, Pedro A. Garzón‐Camacho, André F. SbrissiaIn some temperate climate regions, co‐cultivation of warm‐ and cool‐season perennial grass species represents a promising alternative for sustainable food production. However, managing these pastures is challenging, particularly because of intra‐annual competition, which can lead to some species suppressing others. This 3‐year study investigated the effects of different defoliation strategies on mixed
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As grain mineral densities have declined over time, have densities converged across wheat classes?—Insights from the US Pacific Northwest and worldwide benchmarks Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Curtis B. Adams, Teepakorn Kongraksawech, Andrew Ross, Dan S. Long, Clark Neely, Juliet Marshall, Ryan Graebner, Catherine L. Reardon, Xi LiangStudies have generally shown that grain mineral density is lower in modern wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) compared to historic germplasm. The conclusion of a limited study from the US Pacific Northwest (PNW) was that grain mineral density of soft white wheat (SWW) had declined over time to meet already‐low mineral density of hard red wheat (HRW), though little else is known about this. Therefore, the
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Agronomic value of alfalfa semi‐hybrids across contrasting Italian environments Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Paolo Annicchiarico, Luciano Pecetti, Nicolò FranguelliAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) semi‐hybrids of genetically distant material may display heterosis, but their agronomic value is hardly known. Our study evaluated two two‐way and one three‐way semi‐hybrids and two synthetic varieties for 3‐year herbage dry‐matter yield (DMY) in four agricultural environments of Northern Italy formed by the factorial combination of irrigated or rain‐fed cropping by pure
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Surfactant toxicity and synergistic activity with pyrethroids in managing resistant Listronotus maculicollis Kirby populations Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Garrett Y. Price, Benjamin A. McGrawThis study investigates the efficacy of surfactants as a means to manage the annual bluegrass weevil, Listronotus maculicollis, particularly in populations demonstrating resistance to pyrethroids. Laboratory assays evaluated L. maculicollis adult mortality when exposed to 13 unique turfgrass surfactant classes alone and in combination with a low rate of bifenthrin. Results from dose–response assays
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AMMI and GGE biplot analysis of seed protein concentration, yield, and 100‐seed weight for chickpea cultivars and breeding lines in the US Pacific Northwest Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Priyanka Joshi, George VandemarkGreater global demand for plant‐based protein has made increasing protein concentration in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) an important breeding objective. In this study, 17 kabuli chickpea genotypes were evaluated for seed protein concentration (SPC), yield, and 100‐seed weight (HSW). All entries were planted in 2020 and 2021 at four locations in Washington. The mean of all entries for SPC was 20.3%
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Discriminatory dose determination for DMI fungicides for Clarireedia jacksonii and mycelial growth variation across active ingredients Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
M. M. Kahiu, J. E. KaminskiIn addition to cultural practices, dollar spot disease management requires frequent application of fungicides. Demethylation inhibitor (DMIs) fungicides are applied repeatedly to manage dollar spot in turfgrass systems. This facilitates reduction in DMI fungicide sensitivity among Clarireedia spp. populations. The objectives of this study were to (1) identify EC50 and relative mycelial growth (RMG)
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On the usefulness of genomic selection for rice ratoon performance in early breeding stages Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Karina Lima Reis Borges, Maria Guadalupe Montiel, Tommaso Cerioli, Brijesh Angira, Adam Famoso, Roberto Fritsche‐NetoRice (Oryza sativa L.) ratooning, a sustainable production system involves regrowing a second rice crop and it is a very common practice in southwest United States. Employing modern tools such as genomic selection (GS) can enhance breeding efficiency by enabling early selection. The Louisiana State University Rice Breeding Program has traditionally focused on developing superior varieties for the Louisiana's
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Velvet: An alternative high‐yielding peppermint clone for oil production Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Nestor Kippes, Darrin Culp, Robert G. Wilson, Eric Dowd, Luca Comai, Isabelle M. HenryPeppermint oil is one of the most widely recognized natural flavors. It is mainly produced commercially by extraction from two main types of cultivars: Black Mitcham (Mentha × piperita L.), a sterile polyploid and the backbone of peppermint oil production in the United States, and Arvensis (Mentha arvensis L.), the main cultivar used for peppermint oil extraction in India. Here, we present the identification
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Endogenous GABA levels decrease during grain maturation in wheat and do not play a role in the germination of immature grain Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Eiko HimiIt has been known that gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is increased in germinating seeds such as those of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Techniques such as ninhydrin reaction method and high‐performance liquid chromatography are used to quantify GABA levels. However, these methods require multiple steps and make it difficult to analyze multiple samples simultaneously. In this study, an enzyme‐based assay
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Optimum legume proportion for plant and animal production in a subtropical grassland Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-12
Nicolas Caram, Lynn E. Sollenberger, Marcelo O. Wallau, Jose C. B. Dubeux, Nicolas DiLorenzoIntegrating legumes into grass pastures is an alternative to nitrogen (N) fertilizer for improving productive, economic, and environmental performance of grazing systems. However, optimal legume proportion for maximizing resource‐use efficiency in mixed pastures is seldom considered. Here, we studied the effect of rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) proportion in bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flügge)
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Assessment of detoxification enzymes in pyrethroid‐resistant Listronotus maculicollis Kirby suggests additional mechanisms Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-12-10
Garrett Y. Price, Benjamin A. McGrawInsecticide resistance is a pressing issue in urban pest management. The annual bluegrass weevil (ABW), Listronotus maculicollis Kirby, is a highly destructive turfgrass pest in northeastern North America. The overuse of pyrethroids has led to resistance in some ABW populations in the northeastern United States. Understanding ABW resistance mechanisms is pivotal for sustaining turf quality and minimizing
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Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveal differentially expressed genes and metabolic pathways in bermudagrass under drought stress Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-18
Ravi Teja Seelam, David JespersenDrought stress poses a significant challenge to turfgrass growth, particularly in the regions like southern United States, where bermudagrass (Cynodon sp.) is widely used for lawns and sports fields. Drought stress disrupts physiological processes, leading to reduced water availability, impaired photosynthesis, and oxidative stress. To understand the bermudagrass response to drought, we investigated
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Enhancing drought resistance in warm-season turfgrasses: Fourteen years of progress through a multistate collaborative project across the southern United States Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-18
Beatriz Tome Gouveia, Kevin E. Kenworthy, Ambika Chandra, Brian M. Schwartz, Jing Zhang, Paul L. Raymer, Yanqi Wu, Marta Pudzianowska, James Baird, Grady L. Miller, J. Bryan Unruh, Benjamin G. Wherley, Dennis L. Martin, Justin Q. Moss, Sameer Khanal, Susana Milla-LewisIn turfgrass breeding, drought resistance is a primary trait for improvement due to scarcity and reduced quality of water for irrigation. Therefore, in 2010, the turfgrass breeding programs at six public universities joined efforts to address these challenges by cross evaluating breeding lines for the most economically significant warm-season turfgrass species in the southern United States through
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Yield determination of temperate maize hybrids with different end-uses: An ecophysiological analysis Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-18
Yésica D. Chazarreta, Santiago Alvarez Prado, Víctor D. Giménez, Ana J. P. Carcedo, César G. López, Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Maria E. OteguiMaize (Zea mays L.) production in Argentina changed markedly during the last decade due to the widespread adoption of late sowing dates, expanding its productive area, and diversifying crop end-uses. This study was conducted to assess how the sowing date and nitrogen (N) availability affect grain yield, its physiological determinants (biomass and its partitioning), and numeric components (kernel number
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Resistance gene enrichment sequencing for NLR genes for Phytophthora sojae in selected soybean plant introductions and differentials with putative novel and known Rps genes Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-18
Brian Hodge, Amine Batnini, Carlos Bolaños-Carriel, Kyujung Van, M. A. Saghai Maroof, Leah McHale, Anne E. DorranceNumerous sources of putative novel resistance genes toward Phytophthora sojae (Rps genes) have been identified and loci mapped in soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) but cloning has remained elusive. We utilized resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) to identify the putative resistance genes in 20 plant introductions (PIs) and differentials of the cultivar Williams with rps, Rps1c, Rps3a, and Rps8
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Transgene effects vary among maize populations with implications for improving quantitative traits Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-11
Julien F. Linares, Nathan D. Coles, Hua Mo, Jeffrey E. Habben, Sabrina Humbert, Carlos Messina, Tom Tang, Mark Cooper, Carla Gho, Ricardo Carrasco, Javier Carter, Jillian Wicher Flounders, E. Charles BrummerThe goal of transgenesis in plant breeding is to make step-change improvements in traits of interest. However, improving quantitative traits, such as yield in maize (Zea mays L.), with transgenes has been difficult. Traditionally, transgene testing is done on a few isogenic lines, and results are extrapolated to entire breeding populations. Testing on limited germplasm does not provide a robust estimate
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Foliar application of Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like protein improved the heat tolerance of creeping bentgrass by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant capabilities Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-11
Yan Yuan, Min Zhou, Wanlin Ni, Yan Zhang, Zhou LiContinuous high ambient temperature in hot summer months leads to a sharp decline in turf quality of cool-season turfgrass. Verticillium dahliae Aspf2-like protein (VDAL) is a secretory protein of V. dahliae that can improve crop yield and resistance to disease, but its role in improving heat tolerance of cool-season turfgrass has not been reported so far. The objectives of this study were to explore
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Within-canopy carbon partitioning to cotton leaves in response to irrigation Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-08
Irish Lorraine B. Pabuayon, Jessica Joy B. Bicaldo, Glen L. RitchieWhen water resources are limited, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants adapt in part through adjustments in carbon allocation strategies, often evident in the leaves within the canopy. The dynamics of leaf carbon accumulation provide insights into how the plant partitions and uses carbon resources, a key aspect of optimizing crop productivity. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of leaf carbon
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Optimizing fungicide application timing for spring dead spot based on soil temperature and season Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-08
W. J. Hutchens, J. C. Booth, J. M. Goatley, T. L Roberson, D. S. McCallSpring dead spot (SDS) (Ophiosphaerella spp.) is the most detrimental disease to warm-season turfgrasses in areas with cold-induced dormancy. Fungicide applications do not provide consistent SDS suppression. One reason for this inconsistency is the use of solely calendar-based fungicide applications instead of considering both calendar date and soil temperature. A field study was conducted at three
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Evaluation of grain dormancy under field conditions in a wheat (Triticum aestivum) qsd1 triple mutant Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-07
Mitsuko Kishi-Kaboshi, Fumitaka Abe, Makiko Chono, Nami Yamaji, Kazuhiro SatoGenome editing is a powerful tool for improving the agronomic traits of polyploid crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum) by simultaneously generating mutations in multiple homoeologs. However, improvements in cultivars that are amenable to transformation (and thus genome editing) must be tested in region-specific cultivars under field conditions. Grain dormancy helps ensure the appropriate timing
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Variations in endosperm structure facilitate the formation of high protein quality in tetraploid rice Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-07
Mingyue Zhan, Pincang Lv, Xiaoling Zhou, Keyi Liu, Rongjie Qiu, Man Wang, Chang Yao, Ziwei Zhao, Xiaoxiao Wu, Xianhua Zhang, Yuchi He, Detian Cai, Zhaojian SongRice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food source and a primary source of high-quality protein. Polyploid breeding is an effective approach to improving the nutritional quality of crops. Several stable tetraploid rice lines with both high seed setting rates and high protein content have been bred. In the present study, the protein quality of two tetraploid rice lines GD2-4x and GD4-4x with high protein
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Unravelling the environmental drivers determining the residual fraction of soybean seed Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-07
Emelí Lopez, Santiago Alvarez Prado, José L. Rotundo, José A. GerdeThere are three main components of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seeds: protein, oil, and residual. The residual fraction includes soluble and insoluble carbohydrates, lignin, and minerals. Among soluble carbohydrates, the presence of raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) has poor nutritional value (i.e., raffinose and stachyose), and the inability of monogastric animals to digest them limits
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Genetic and genomic characterization of a multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-07
Ethan Thompson, Hui Wang, Walid Korani, Jake C. Fountain, Albert K. Culbreath, C. Corley Holbrook, Josh P. Clevenger, Baozhu GuoMultiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations are a new genetic resource for high-resolution mapping of quantitative traits and as a source of new germplasm or improved cultivars for breeding due to the high level of recombination events in the population. Here, we have developed an eight-founder MAGIC population for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) (PeanutMAGIC). Eight diverse founders
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Assessment of genetic diversity and heterotic alignment of CIMMYT and IITA maize inbred lines adapted to sub-Saharan Africa Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-06
Tinovonga Gonhi, Thomas Lapaka Odong, Isaac Onziga Dramadri, Mildred Ochwo-Ssemakula, Zvenhamo Albert Chiteka, Emmanuel Amponsah Adjei, Dean Muungani, Abebe Menkir, Badu-Apraku Baffour, Idris Adejumobi, Brigitte Uwimana, Thanda Dhliwayo, Dagne Wegary, John DereraDespite the breeding efforts by many institutions, maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in sub-Saharan Africa is still low. A limited number of productive maize hybrids have been developed partly due to a lack of knowledge on the diversity and heterotic relationship of the germplasm, especially in public breeding programs. Understanding the extent of diversity, structure, and heterotic grouping of available
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Optimizing liquid-applied iron sulfate rate and application interval for dollar spot suppression on golf course fairways Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-06
D. J. Soldat, K. Hockemeyer, D. S. McCall, C. M. Straw, P. L. KochIron sulfate applications reduce dollar spot severity on golf course turfgrass, but further optimizing the use of iron sulfate may increase efficacy and encourage more widespread adoption by golf course superintendents. Three iron sulfate rates (9, 18, 36 kg ha−1), two application intervals (7 and 14 days), three water volumes (306, 612, and 1223 L ha−1), and combinations with fertilizer and fungicide
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Soybean water-use efficiency increased over 80 years of breeding Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-04
Jose R. Costa Netto, Hussien I. Taresh Almtarfi, Jiahe Li, Derek T. Anderson, Felix B. FritschiBreeders successfully increased US soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yields over the past nearly 100 years and altered various plant characteristics underpinning the yield gains. However, the impact of breeding on plant-level water-use efficiency (WUEp) has not been examined yet. This study, conducted across eight environments using maturity group IV cultivars released between 1930 and 2005, aimed to
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Investigating multi-trophic effects of St. Augustinegrass cultivar blends in the Southeastern United States Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-04
James Louis Pinkney, Basil V. Iannone, Susana Milla-Lewis, R. van der Laat, J. Bryan Unruh, Marco Schiavon, Adam G. DaleWarm-season turfgrasses, including St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze], are produced and installed as monocultures of single cultivars. Recent research indicates that blending St. Augustinegrass cultivars can increase turfgrass stand resilience to insect pests, establishment of undesired plant species, and abiotic stressors without reducing plant performance. However, effects
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Genetic variation and population structure of the rice accessions maintained in the AfricaRice genebank using DArTseq Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-11-04
Arnaud Comlan Gouda, Jean Rodrigue Sangare, Karlin Gnikoua, Peterson Wambugu, Trevis D. Huggins, Marie Noelle NdjiondjopUtilizing the full potential of rice collections mainly depends on an in-depth exploration and understanding of the vast diversity in its germplasm. The AfricaRice genebank holds the largest collection of rice germplasm originating from the African continent. In the present study, we comprehensively characterized a collection of 9013 accessions, including Oryza barthii A. Chev., Oryza glaberrima Steud
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A finite mixture distribution to model genetic architecture of image-based oat grain morphology Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-31
Inés Berro, Brian S. Yandell, Lucía GutiérrezThe multi-floral oat (Avena sativa L.) inflorescence influences grain size and shape distributions, affecting the physical attributes of grain quality such as plumpness, size, and uniformity. While the grain size and shape distribution has been characterized as multi-modal, very little is known about the genetic determinants of those distributions and their properties. The goal of this study was to
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Plant-based protein crops and their improvement: Current status and future perspectives Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-31
Asheesh K. Singh, Dinakaran Elango, Joscif Raigne, Liza Van der Laan, Ashlyn Rairdin, Chandrakant Soregaon, Arti SinghThe plant-based protein industry is rapidly growing and is projected to grow to over $27 billion by 2030. In addition to monetary benefits, plant-based protein crops, particularly pulse crops (i.e., legume species with dry edible seed), can supplement the existing crop biodiversity and break the disease and insect pest cycle in drastically changing climatic conditions. Most commercially available plant-based
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Shade, height of cut, and plant growth regulator effects on bermudagrass and zoysiagrass putting greens Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-24
Thomas E. Walton, John H. McCalla, Douglas E. Karcher, Wendell J. Hutchens, Ambika Chandra, Michael D. RichardsonWarm-season turfgrasses, especially hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt-Davy), continue to be widely used on golf course putting greens in tropical and subtropical climates globally and are also gaining popularity in the transition zone region of the United States. Hybrid bermudagrass produces a high-quality putting green surface; however, it has relatively
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Impact of flooding at the early reproductive growth stage on soybean yield and seed composition Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-23
Chengjun Wu, Liliana Florez-Palacios, Andrea Acuna, Derrick Harrison, Daniel Rogers, John Carlin, Leandro Mozzoni, Henry T. Nguyen, Grover Shannon, Caio Canella VieiraFlooding stress is a growing threat to global soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production as the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitations are increasing due to climate change. Soybean is highly sensitive to flooding and substantial yield losses are observed due to a cascade of negative physiological responses induced by hypoxia. Hence, there is a pressing need for the development of flood-tolerant
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Characterization of a gene conferring resistance to US Russian wheat aphid biotypes in the Iranian wheat landrace PI 625139 Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-21
Xiangyang Xu, Genqiao Li, Tezera W. Wolabu, Guihua Bai, Ruolin Bian, Amy Bernardo, Brett F. Carver, Yanqi WuRussian wheat aphid (RWA, Diuraphis noxia Kurdjumov) is a highly invasive and destructive wheat pest evolving rapidly to overcome host resistance. Novel genes conferring resistance to multiple RWA biotypes are needed to sustain wheat production. The Iranian landrace PI 625139 is resistant to all five US RWA biotypes. To map the RWA resistance gene in PI 625139, both F2 and F2:3 populations were developed
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Employing empirical models to analyze stability of yield and quality traits in chili peppers (Capsicum species) Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-20
S. Subhavyuktha, H. Usha Nandhini Devi, K. K. Kumar, P. Irene Vethamoni, N. Premalatha, S. SrividhyaStability analysis plays a crucial role in plant breeding programs aimed at enhancing crop productivity and resilience. Chili yield stability studies based on the interaction of genotype × environment have been widely conducted, as stable yield is very substantial in the formation of sustainably high-yielding chili varieties. Multi-environmental trials, conducted across different seasons, locations
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Defense strategies against sweet potato chlorotic stunt and pakakuy virus coinfection unraveled Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-20
Francis Wanjohi Kiemo, Pál Salamon, Zoltán Tóth, Zoltán SzabóThis study into the response of two Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam cultivars, Melinda and Tio Joe, to coinfection with sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) and sweet potato pakakuy virus (SPPV), employed a comprehensive approach encompassing symptomatology, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, metagenomics, and transcriptomics. SPCSV is a quarantine virus with synergistic effects, which
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Genetic architecture of Cercospora leaf spot response in table beet with implications for other Beta vulgaris crop types Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-18
Liam Dixon, Irwin L. GoldmanTable beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris) production is threatened by the fungal disease Cercospora leaf spot (CLS). Infections are common across table beet's closest relatives, including Swiss chard, sugar beet, and fodder beet (all B. v. subsp. vulgaris). This study was conducted to characterize the genetic architecture underlying CLS response in table beet. A secondary objective was to test whether
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The role of turfgrasses in environmental protection and their benefits to humans: Thirty years later Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-17
Ross C. Braun, Parul Mandal, Emmanuel Nwachukwu, Alex StantonBeard and Green compiled one of the earliest reviews on the environmental and societal (cultural) benefits that living turfgrass systems (e.g., home lawns, athletic fields, golf courses, roadsides, and grounds) provide to humans and associated contemporary issues with turfgrass. Today, the benefits of vegetation systems are called ecosystem services, and the associated negative aspects are called disservices
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Nitrogen leaching and groundwater recharge of alternative lawn conversions in subtropical climates Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-16
P. Agustin Boeri, J. Bryan Unruh, Kevin E. Kenworthy, Ann R. S. Blount, Marco Schiavon, Alexander J. Reisinger, Basil V. IannoneClimate change, recurrent droughts, and increasing urban water demands have limited water availability in urban landscapes. Water quantity challenges have led to irrigation restrictions and turfgrass removal programs. An experiment was conducted at the University of Florida, West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay, FL, to evaluate the effect of turfgrass conversion to other landscape types
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Development of Brassica carinata A. Braun resistant to acetolactate synthase–inhibiting herbicides Crop Sci. (IF 2.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-16
Ramon G. Leon, Rick Bennett, Saket ChandraBrassica carinata A. Braun (carinata) has become an important oil crop for biofuel production in subtropical regions. Carinata is highly sensitive to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides, limiting its introduction into existing crop rotations. The objective of the study was to develop carinata lines resistant to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. A susceptible carinata line was crossed with a