With aquaculture intensification, improving feed intake in order to increase fish growth as well as to reduce production costs and environmental impacts assume a high importance. In this sense, probiotics and prebiotics' capacity to positively modulate animals' appetite is of high interest and has been the focus of several studies in mammals, while in fish these studies are scarce, and available information is dispersed. Probiotics and prebiotics' role in appetite regulation mechanisms can be mediated by short‐chain fatty acids produced by gut microbiota, or by several other microbial‐derived metabolites, proteins, and lipopolysaccharides. The possible way these molecules may affect fish appetite is the focus of this review, which also highlights novel research directions for better elucidation of the impact of probiotics and prebiotics in the regulation of fish appetite, contributing to the definition of better feeding strategies, that optimize feed utilization efficiency and fish growth, leading to a more sustainable aquaculture production.

中文翻译：

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益生菌和益生元对养殖鱼采食量的影响


随着水产养殖的集约化，提高采食量以增加鱼类生长以及降低生产成本和环境影响变得非常重要。从这个意义上说，益生菌和益生元积极调节动物食欲的能力引起了人们的高度关注，并且一直是哺乳动物多项研究的重点，而在鱼类中，这些研究很少，而且可用信息分散。益生菌和益生元在食欲调节机制中的作用可以由肠道微生物群产生的短链脂肪酸或其他几种微生物衍生的代谢物、蛋白质和脂多糖介导。这些分子可能影响鱼类食欲的可能方式是本综述的重点，它还强调了新的研究方向，以更好地阐明益生菌和益生元在调节鱼类食欲方面的影响，有助于定义更好的喂养策略，从而优化饲料利用效率和鱼类生长，从而实现更可持续的水产养殖生产。