Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs), belonging to the genus Globodera spp., are spread worldwide constituting a problem of concern as they can cause considerable losses in crop yields. An alternative to the application of common pesticides is the use of trap crops, that promote the hatching of second-stage juvenile cysts without supporting the feeding and reproduction of these nematodes. For this purpose

Weeds pose a significant and fundamental challenge in agriculture, competing with crops for vital resources such as water, nutrients, and sunlight. This competition often leads to reduced crop yields and diminished quality of produce. Additionally, weeds can host pests and diseases that further harm crops, increasing the risk of infestation and reducing farm productivity. Accurate weed identification

As a major crop pest, common cutworm (CCW) Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) has evolved resistance to several insecticides. Cyproflanilide is a novel meta-diamide insecticide targeting the γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABAR), and displays excellent insecticidal activity against lepidopteran pests, including CCW. Therefore, the resistance risk of CCW against cyproflanilide was assessed and the fitness

Durian (Durio zibethinus Murray), the king of fruits, is an edible and economically important tropical fruit endemic to Southeast Asia. Durian is affected by Colletotrichum, which is one of the most important genera of plant pathogenic fungi, especially on tropical and subtropical crops. In this study, Colletotrichum species associated with durian in Hainan (China) which was a new region for durian

Weed control plays a crucial role in agricultural production. The utilization of advanced vision algorithms on intelligent weeding robots enables the autonomous and efficient resolution of weed-related issues. Vision transformers are highly sensitive to plant texture and shape, but their computational cost is too high. Consequently, we propose a novel hybrid CNN-transformer network for the semantic

Herbicides are the most used form of weed management worldwide but their excessive use could lead to negative impacts on human health and the environment. Biological weed management utilizing microorganisms and their metabolites presents a promising alternative. The weed-associated fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae TBRC 15112 produces a broad spectrum of biological molecules, and shows potential as a

Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by the fungus, Cercospora beticola, is a major constraint to table beet production in New York (NY). The disease causes defoliation, negatively impacting harvests using top-pulling machinery and rendering plants unsuitable for fresh market sales. High genetic diversity within C. beticola populations can result in the rapid development of resistance to single-site

Corn, as a crucial staple food crop, has historically faced significant challenges from a variety of pests, particularly those belonging to Lepidoptera order. The parasitoid Cotesia ruficrus has demonstrated efficacy in controlling certain Lepidoptera pests. This study aimed to elucidate the parasitism preference and fitness outcomes of C. ruficrus across four prominent noctuid pests: Spodoptera frugiperda

Essential oils have been studied to develop sustainable alternatives for controlling pest-species. This study determined the chemical composition and toxicity of an essential oil from Croton pulegiodorus leaves against Sitophilus zeamais and Nasutitermes corniger. Ascaridole (22.75%) and camphor (18.11%) were the major compounds. The essential oil showed toxicity upon ingestion on S. zeamais, with

Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) is often considered a “miracle plant” due to its multiple uses, including its extracts reported insecticidal and fungicidal effects. This study assessed the efficacy of aqueous extract from dried leaves of J. curcas and Sulphur 99.5% WP fungicide in managing Aspergillus flavus growth and Aspergillus ear rot (AER) in maize at harvest across two sites. Treatments included

Bollworms and sap-sucking insect pests are a significant constraint to cotton production in Africa. Manual topping of cotton plants, which consists of cutting off the top of the plant, i.e. the terminal bud of the main stem, is a promising alternative to chemical control by removing resources for certain pests or inducing plant defences. In this study, we evaluated the level of protection by topping

Guava, Psidium guajava L., is one of the most produced fruit trees in tropical and subtropical regions but the presence of Meloidogyne enterelobii Yang & Eisenback (Order: Tylenchida, Family: Heteroderidae) in orchards reduces fruit productivity by up to 65%, justifying integrated management programs constantly searching for methods for its efficient and sustainable control. Thus, this study aimed

Plant-derived phenylpropanoids are semiochemicals that are often highly attractive to Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) males. One of these semiochemicals, methyl eugenol (ME), is used in the male annihilation technique (MAT) for the management of B. dorsalis (Hendel), a destructive horticultural pest. It is not normally viable to simultaneously implement MAT with the sterile insect technique (SIT)

Salix matsudana Koidz. is a popular ornamental tree in China and extensively cultured throughout Asia. It is renowned for its remarkable adaptability to challenging conditions, high biomass, rapid growth, and flood tolerances. In October 2022, a leaf blotch disease was observed in Rudong City, Jiangsu, China. This disease significantly impacted the ornamental and ecological value of the host tree.

Collar rot, caused by the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, is the most widespread and devastating disease affecting elephant foot yam (EFY), leading to significant yield loss. In addition to causing economic damage, high disease incidence results in postharvest rot and a lack of quality planting material for the next season. The increasing incidence of collar rot in the past decade is alarming, and existing

Seedcorn maggot (Delia platura) is a globally distributed agricultural pest that feeds on the germinating seeds of economically important crops, including corn and beans. The larvae cause underground damage, which can lead to stand loss. For decades, D. platura has been managed using insecticide-coated seeds, but following the ban on neonicotinoid-coated corn, soy, and wheat seeds in New York State

Conservation biological control (CBC) aims to enhance pest regulation/suppression by intentionally attracting, retaining, and promoting the fitness and effectiveness of natural enemies. Due to carbohydrate sources being highly limited in agroecosystems, providing alternative carbohydrate sources (i.e., nectar sugars, starches) can enhance the survival, fecundity, and effectiveness of natural enemies

The growing demand for eco-friendly bio-based agrochemicals with lower health hazards and optimal pest management options boosts the production and utilization of biopesticides. This review provides a comprehensive overview of two toxic weed species Datura alba (Solanaceae family), and Calotropis gigantea (Asclepiadaceae family) with a specific focus on extraction with various solvents, phytochemistry

This study explored rapid detection techniques for citrus Huanglongbing (HLB), a disease that severely impacts global citrus production. The method based on hyperspectral technology combined with machine learning algorithms provides new ideas for rapid HLB identification. Algorithm selection is crucial for processing efficiency and hyperspectral data interpretation. Hyperspectral data from healthy

It is difficult and costly to obtain large-scale, labeled crop disease data in the field of agriculture. How to use small samples of unlabeled data for feature learning has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. The emergence of self-supervised contrastive learning methods and self-supervised mask learning methods can solve the problem of missing labels on the training data. However, each

In present day agriculture, early and accurate identification of plant diseases is essential for prompt response, which protects crop quality and output. This paper presents the Entangled Quantum-Inspired Deep learning model (EQID), a unique method that improves feature representation and classification in plant disease prediction by utilizing the concepts of quantum computing. Two different datasets

Rice blast (Magnaporthe grisea) and sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani) are limiting factors for rice production. Co-infection of these pathogens results in a disease complex which is difficult to control. In China, growers are accustomed to applying individual fungicides to manage blast and sheath blight, which require large amounts of labor. Application to seedling trays is a new promising solution

This study introduces a reliable, non-coding software named qREAD-Raman, written in the JavaScript® language, for analyzing and interpreting Raman spectral information. It is designed with a focus on the early detection of diseases in tomato plants (S. lycopersicum) during the asymptomatic stage. The platform integrates a set of machine learning algorithms necessary for the preprocessing consisting

Visual recognition methods based on deep convolutional neural networks have performed well in pest diagnosis and have gradually become a research hotspot. However, agricultural pest recognition faces challenges such as few-shot learning, category imbalance, similarity in appearance, and small pest targets. Existing deep learning-based pest recognition methods typically rely solely on unimodal image

In agriculture, early detection and localization of plant diseases in time using deep learning techniques can help farmers contain the spread of plant diseases. In this work, we apply object detection models to identify and localize various categories of cassava plant leaf diseases. These include You Only Look Once (YOLO) as well as Generalized Efficient Layer Aggregation Network(GELAN) models. We

Boosting the production of market garden products is a top priority for agricultural development in Benin. Chili pepper (Capsicum spp.), an economically important spice, is widely cultivated for its fruits in different parts of the country. Viral diseases are known to have a devastating impact on production. The objective of this study was to identify the viruses associated with pepper cultivation

Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae is one of the most devastating diseases of cotton worldwide but little is known about resistance of cotton to V. dahliae for phenotypic quantifying. The aim of the current study was to phenotypically characterize resistance of 18 advanced cotton lines to defoliating pathotype (Vd-34) of V. dahliae. Experiments were set up in a greenhouse in two consecutive

Cucurbitaceous crops are a key group of vegetables widely cultivated in India. Characterized yellowing symptoms along with interveinal chlorosis, mottling and downward curling were observed in ridge gourd, snake gourd, and bottle gourd along with the presence of whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). To investigate the infecting virus, RT-PCR assays followed by sequencing and Transmission Electron Microscopy

Southern corn rust caused by Puccinia dothidea is becoming one of the main diseases of maize planting in China, which seriously threatens the yield of maize in China. Currently, there is no registered pesticide to control southern corn rust in China. Therefore, it is urgent to screen out efficient pesticides to control southern corn rust and reduce the harm of multistem rust to maize yield in China

Maize production faces a significant threat from Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) worldwide; historically, Trichogramma pretiosum Riley has served as the primary augmentative egg parasitoid for its biological control. However, since 2004, Telenomus remus Nixon has emerged as a viable global alternative. On a regional scale, in Mexico, Trichogramma atopovirilia (Oatman & Platner) was theorized to

The common vole is one of the most damaging rodents in agriculture. A number of methods are used to suppress its numbers and limit damage. One option is growing crops that are not suitable for voles; this might limit their numbers and distribution. Through long-term monitoring of common voles throughout the Czech Republic, their abundance in eleven crop types (annual, biennial and perennial crops)

The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchn.) Sorokin can grow endophytically in crops such as tomato, often inhibiting the growth of pests and diseases. Different isolates of M. anisopliae vary in their protective properties and require careful assessment prior to their use in any application. We evaluated isolates WEU01 and WEU02 of M. anisopliae for their ability to colonize tomato

This study presents a new path-planning framework for precision agriculture, designed for hedgerow systems, which combines cutting-edge technology and data analysis to enhance crop management in light of climate change challenges. The framework creates detailed digital field models by employing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or drones, either with high-precision LiDAR or Structure-from-Motion (SfM)

Rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella oryzae is an important plant-parasitic nematode inflicting substantial destruction on economically important agricultural crops worldwide and invading an extensive range of plant hosts, including aquatic plants. However, morphological identification of the nematode has encountered limitations. This study developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay

Multi-environment screening of 2579 linseed accessions from the National Genebank of India was undertaken to identify novel donors imparting resistance to Alternaria lini causing blight disease of linseed. Alternaria blight incidence showed a differential genotypic response in the degree of disease severity across different location-year environments. The comparative analysis of disease incidence across

Armoracia rusticana, commonly known as horseradish, is a Brassicaceae condiment common in southern Brazilian cuisine. In 2020, plants with leaf lesions and white pustules were observed in a cultivation area in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil. Based on phylogenetic studies, Albugo sensu lato was classified into the genera Albugo, Pustula, and Wilsoniana. As there is still

The brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys, an invasive species native to East Asia, is now present and abundant on soybean throughout Europe where it has become a major pest damaging the crop. Because a better understanding of the impact of H. halys is crucial to implement effective and sustainable pest management, the present study aimed to assess the stages at which soybean is most susceptible

The codling moth, Cydia pomonella is an important pest that causes significant economic losses in apples and walnuts in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time in Türkiye, the resistance status and resistance mechanisms of codling moth, Cydia pomonella against indoxacarb, deltamethrin and emamectin benzoate. All apple orchard populations developed resistance ratios ranging

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae), an important source of food for millions of people in the world, is distributed mainly in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Weeds are important biotic constraints on cassava production, and herbicide application can provide effective weed control in this crop. However, the different possibilities of herbicide selectivity (factors associated

The blister and grey blights are the devastating leaf diseases in tea. The severity of blister and grey blight diseases in tea ranged from 22% to 68% and 11.41%–57.02%, respectively in a survey conducted in Southern India during 2022–2023. The morphological and molecular identifications of pathogens revealed that Exobasidium vexans and Neopestalotiopsis clavispora were responsible for causing blister

Nicandra physalodes is an annual herbaceous plant that belongs to the Solanaceae family. Though native to South America, it is now extensively cultivated in China for medicinal and ornamental purposes. In traditional Chinese medicine, various parts of the plant are used for their therapeutic properties such as sedatives, expectorants, antipyretics, and antidotes. Furthermore, N. physalodes is considered

When plants are infected with pathogens, disease response can result in changes in the profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOC). These changes in volatile organic compounds (VOC) profiles can be utilized for disease detection and quantification. In this study, field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) was used to evaluate the VOC profile variability in a pea near isogenic line (Pisum sativum

Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, wireworms and white grubs are important pests of potato that are challenging to manage. This study evaluated three endemic entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernema carpocapsae ‘NY01’, S. feltiae ‘NY04’, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora ‘Oswego’) as biocontrol agents against L. decemlineata, wireworms and white grubs in New York. The efficacy

Egg parasitoid wasps of genus Trichogramma Westwood are effective natural enemies of lepidopteran pests in various crops. However, the efficacy of Trichogramma parasitoids is adversely affected by insecticides applied in the field to manage these lepidopteran pests. To overcome this problem efficiently, there is an urgent need to incorporate insecticide-resistant Trichogramma strains into integrated

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum genus is an important disease of plants in the world. Syngonium podophyllum is a foliage plant in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. In September 2023, serious symptoms of anthracnose were observed on the leaves of S. podophyllum at a park in Haikou City, China, most of the leaves turn yellow to brown and wither, greatly affecting the ornamental value

Parthenocissus tricuspidata is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant. However, severe anthracnose on their leaves has been observed indicating over 80% infection in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. The purpose of this study was to characterize the disease causal agent. Colletotrichum-like fungal strains were isolated from the diseased spots. On MEA, the fungal colony appeared white with abundant and

Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is widely used in aphid biological control, and low-temperature storage helps expand its population. Nonetheless, low-temperature effects on A. aphidimyza are unknown. A. aphidimyza pupae were exposed to three cold storage methods lasting 10, 20, and 30 days, respectively: storing at 7 °C for 4 h then 5 °C for 20 h (T1); storing at 9 °C for

Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a promising crop valued as a sustainable source of omega-3. However, chia yield and quality are reduced because of weed competition and the lack of registered herbicides. This study evaluated how chia spatial arrangement suppresses weed growth and provided management options for this crop. The performance of chia plants was assessed over three growing seasons in field

Existing deep learning techniques for tomato leaf disease recognition face several challenges, including external environmental interference, limited dataset size, imbalanced sample distribution, and overlapping characteristics among different diseases, which complicate accurate disease identification. Furthermore, complex models with a high number of parameters are often difficult to deploy on resource-constrained

RNA interference (RNAi) of vital insect genes is a potential tool for targeted pest management. However, the selection of the right target genes and its dsRNA delivery method is also a challenge because the RNAi efficacy is known to vary among insect species. Fall Armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous generalist insect pest that can feed on more than 100 plant species, with a strong

Adoption of conservation agriculture (CA) practices can lead to the dominance of perennial weeds including purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) in different agroecologies over time. Without effective management of this weed, successful adoption of CA in smallholder farming systems is rather unlikely. Therefore, we aimed to develop an integrated strategy for managing C. rotundus in CA-based crop rotations