The authors are retracting this article due to an error in the structural assignment of two chemical compounds, labeled 4 and 9. The original article mistakenly identified these compounds as products of epoxidation at specific carbon positions, C-8 and C-9, respectively. This incorrect identification led to a false conclusion in the article that the P450 oxidase enzyme SdnB catalyzes the cleavage of

Iodine cathode in aqueous battery has drawn great attention due to its high energy density and high safety. However, iodine has extremely low conductivity of 1×10-7 S cm-1, which usually results in low specific capacity. In this work, a PVA-hydrogel layer was designed to enhance the areal capacity of zinc-iodine cell. The areal capacity of PVA-hydrogel layer modified CNT cathode showed twice as higher

We report a highly diastereoselective protocol for the synthesis of 1,4- and 1,5-dicarbonyl compounds from densely substituted cyclopropanols. The methodology involves a palladium-catalyzed ring opening reaction followed by a “metal-walk” and oxidation of a remote hydroxyl group. The methodology represents a new application of cyclopropanols as initiation sites for chain walking remote functionalization

We report herein a directing group-controlled, palladium-catalyzed, regio-, stereo-, and enantiospecific anti-carboxylation of unactivated, internal allenes enabled via the synergistic interplay of a rationally designed bidentate directing group, palladium catalyst, and a multifunctional acetate ligand. The corresponding trans allyl ester was obtained in excellent yields with exclusive δ-regioselectivity

Maleimide derivatives are privileged reagents for chemically modifying proteins through the Michael addition reaction with cysteine due to their selectivity, operational simplicity, and commercial availability. However, since accessible free cysteine is rarely found in natural proteins, it is highly desirable to find alternative targets to enable direct bioconjugation of proteins with maleimides. In

There is a perpetual need for efficient and mild methods to integrate deuterium atoms into carbon frameworks through late-stage modifications. We have developed a simple and highly effective synthetic route for hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) in aromatic compounds under ambient conditions. This method utilizes catalytic amounts of hexafluorophosphate (PF6−) in deuterated 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol

MOFs-like polyoxometalate (POMs) electrodes have already emerged as promising candidates for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), yet the origins of the underlying redox mechanism in such materials remain a matter of uncertainty. Of critical challenges are the anomalously high storage capacities beyond their theoretical values and the fast ion diffusivity that cannot be satisfactorily comprehended in the

Dibenzoperioctacene (DBPO) with extended zigzag edges was synthesized and unambiguously characterized by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Variable-temperature (VT) NMR analysis indicated the closed-shell character of DBPO, yet an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal was observed at room temperature suggesting

Azo-compounds molecules and phase change materials offer potential applications for sustainable energy systems through the storage and controllable release photochemical and phase change energy. Developing novel and highly efficient Azo-based solar thermal fuels (STFs) for photothermal energy storage and synergistic cooperation with organic phase change materials present significant challenges. Herein

Organolithium reagents, known for their low cost, ready availability, and high reactivity, allow fast cross-coupling under ambient conditions. However, their direct cross-coupling with fluoroalkyl electrophiles remains a formidable challenge due to the easy formation of thermo-unstable fluoroalkyl lithium species during the reaction, which are prone to decomposition via rapid α/β-fluoride elimination

The sulfion oxidation reaction (SOR) could offer an energy-efficient and tech-economically favorable alternative to the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for H2 production. Transition metal (TM) based catalysts have been considered promising candidates for SOR but suffer from limited activity due to the excessive bond strength from TM-S2- d-p orbit coupling. Herein, we propose a feasible strategy of

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) plays a crucial role in water electrolysis and renewable energy conversion processes. Descriptors are utilized to elucidate the structure-performance relationships of OER catalytic materials, yet each descriptor exhibits specificity to particular systems. Currently, there is a lack of effective descriptors to describe the relationship between electronic structure

Axially chiral tetrasubstituted alkenes are of increasing value and interest in chemistry-related areas. However, their catalytic asymmetric synthesis remains elusive, due to the high steric repulsion and relatively low conformational stability. Herein, we disclose the straightforward construction of atropisomeric tetrasubstituted alkenes via an effective enantiocontrol of vinyl cations. This copper-catalyzed

In recent years, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) anchored on metal oxides (MO) have greatly boosted the performance of inverted (p-i-n) perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) by serving as hole-selective contacts due to their distinct advantages in transparency, hole-selectivity, passivation, cost-effectiveness, and processing efficiency. While the intrinsic monolayer nature of SAMs provides unique advantages

The hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to olefins (CTO) represents an ideal pathway towards carbon neutrality. However, most current CTO catalysts require a high-temperature condition of 300-450°C, resulting in high energy consumption and possible aggregation among active sites. Herein, we developed an efficient iron-based catalyst modified with high-sodium content (7%) and low-cobalt content (2%), achieving

The directing group (DG)-assisted approach has so far been the major route to achieve selective C-H activation at both proximal and distal positions. While rhodium catalysts are highly effective in DG-assisted ortho-C-H arylation, meta-C-H arylation with rhodium has not yet been reported. In this study, we present the first example of Rh-catalyzed meta-C-H arylation of arenes. We found that the 2-cyanophenyl-based

Achieving efficient xenon/krypton (Xe/Kr) separation in emerging hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) is highly challenging because of the lack of gas-binding sites on their pore surfaces. Herein, we report the first microporous HOF (HOF-FJU-168) based on hydrogen-bonded helical chains, which prevent self-aggregation of the pyrene core, thereby preserving open pyrene sites on the pore surfaces

Pure organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials hold great promise for efficient organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), yet developing high-performing blue TADF materials that integrate short delayed lifetime with aggregation induced emission (AIE) property remains a significant challenge. In this study, we developed three highly-efficient blue TADF emitters (32clCBP, 32clCXT

Catalytic electrochemical asymmetric catalysis starting to emerg as a promising strategy for the synthesis of chiral compounds. Herein, we report an asymmetric electrochemical nickel-catalysed reductive conjugate addition of alkenyl bromides/aryl iodides to α,β-unsaturated ketones in an undivided cell, leading to the addition products with high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 96% yield

Transition metal-catalyzed 1,3-acyloxy migration of propargylic esters represents one of the most straightforward routes to access allene intermediates, which could engage in various fascinating subsequent transformations. However, this process is often limited to propargylic esters with electron-donating group due to intrinsic electronic bias and the subsequent intermolecular reactions are quite limited

Boron-based frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have become well-established catalysts for the hydrogenation of a wide range of functional groups. Conversely, aluminium-based FLP hydrogenation catalysts are less common, especially for CO2 reduction. They are mostly confined to the hydrogenation of imines, alkenes, and alkynes even though aluminium is much more abundant than boron and forms structurally related

We present herein a highly efficient atroposelective synthesis of five/five-membered N-indolizinylpyrrole through the chiral phosphoric acid (CPA) catalyzed Paal-Knorr reaction of 3-aminoindolizines and 1,4-diketones. The reaction features mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivity. Moreover, this method provides a facile approach to novel axially chiral indolizine-pyrrole

The country’s research progress means its cities might lead in all Nature Index subjects within a decade.

Provincial capitals such as Hefei are outscoring some established science cities in the Nature Index — here’s why.

European cities make their mark while the United States extends its lead.

A description of the terminology and methodology used in this supplement, and a guide to the functionality that is available free online at natureindex.com.

Just passing time.

Although the United States maintains a steady lead, Chinese cities are on the rise.