The ongoing outbreak of Marburg virus disease (MVD) in Rwanda marks the third largest historically, though it has exhibited the lowest fatality rate. Genomic analysis of samples from 18 cases identified a lineage with limited internal diversity, closely related to a 2014 Ugandan case. Our findings suggest that the Rwandan lineage diverged decades ago from a common ancestor shared with diversity sampled

Original reference: N. Engl. J. Med. 391, 1179–1192 (2024)

Original reference: BMJ 384, e077310 (2024)

In April, the HER2-targeting antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) trastuzumab deruxtecan was granted accelerated approval by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive solid tumors. After an initial approval in 2019 for this drug for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer, the recent tumor-agnostic approval

Following successful clinical trials and approvals for weight loss, accumulating evidence reported this year supports positive effects of incretin agonists — including semagludide (a GLP-1 receptor agonist) and tirzepatide (a dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist) — on cardiovascular and kidney function. The FLOW trial showed that in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, those treated

February saw the release of revised criteria for the diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by the Alzheimer’s Association Workgroup, to align with recent scientific advances — including the approval of therapies that target AD pathology, and the development of reliable and accessible biomarkers. The new criteria define ‘core’ (specific to AD) and ‘non-core’ biofluid and imaging-based biomarkers;

For decades, researchers have tried to harness autologous, pluripotent stem cells to replace lost or damaged tissues in the body — including insulin-producing islet cells — but technical challenges have hampered progress. Finally, in September, a successful first-in-human trial was reported, in which chemically induced pluripotent stem cell-derived islets were transplanted into a single patient with

AlphaFold, the artificial intelligence tool developed by Google DeepMind to predict protein structure, marked a watershed moment in protein modeling and drug discovery. AlphaFold 2 is able to predict the three-dimensional structure of proteins with very high accuracy — close to that obtained experimentally, which takes months to years. The latest iteration, AlphaFold 3 (released in May), goes a step

Microplastics and nanoplastics (MNPs) are everywhere — the oceans, air, soil and food supply — but evidence of their effects on human tissues and organs has been limited mostly to preclinical analyses. In March, a prospective observational study examined carotid plaque specimens from 257 people who underwent a surgical procedure to unblock arteries — and identified MNPs (specifically, polyethylene

Gene-editing tools are evolving rapidly, from the first CRISPR–Cas systems to base editing and, more recently, prime editing. Unlike CRISPR–Cas systems, base editing does not require double-strand breaks; neither does prime editing, and it supports greater editing power — including targeted insertions and deletions. In April, the US Food and Drug Administration cleared the investigational new drug

Public members of STANDING Together reflect on their experience in developing standards to tackle bias in health technologies that use artificial intelligence.

Nature Medicine asks leading researchers to name their top clinical trial for 2025, from gene therapies for prion disease and sickle-cell disease to digital tools for cancer and mental health.

Correction to: Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03261-7, published online 13 September 2024.

Health data should measure the complexity of women’s lives.

The updated Declaration of Helsinki empowers ethics committees to require community engagement and equitable partnerships

Interim results from a large, ongoing study shows that genomic newborn screening identifies treatable conditions that would be missed by standard tests.

According to a large international study, Internet use among adults 50 or more years of age correlates with reduced depressive symptoms, increased life satisfaction and improved self-reported health.

A large-scale genomic analysis reveals associations between body mass index and certain driver mutations in various cancer types, particularly lung adenocarcinoma.

The human vascular system, comprising endothelial (EC) and mural cells, covers a vast surface area in the body, providing a critical interface between blood and tissue environments. Functional differences exist across specific vascular beds, but their molecular determinants across tissues remain largely unknown. Here, we integrated single-cell transcriptomics data from 19 human organs and tissues,

Correction to: Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03299-7, published online 24 October 2024.

Post-war rationing in the UK in 1953 facilitated a natural experiment that now reveals that restricting sugar intake in early life reduces the risk of diabetes and hypertension.

Addendum to: Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1161, published online 26 December 2004.

Correction to: Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03076-6, published online 17 June 2024.

As GLP-1 receptor agonists emerge as treatment options for conditions beyond diabetes and obesity, it becomes critical to understand how genetic, clinical and sociodemographic differences impact their effects on weight loss.

Two studies reveal high transmissibility and lethality of the viral isolate in animal models, and hint at potential drug susceptibility — but further analysis and ongoing surveillance of infections will be critical for public health.

Climate Change has severe and wide-ranging health impacts, especially for vulnerable groups. Despite growing evidence of heat-associated adverse maternal and neonatal health outcomes, there remains a lack of synthesis quantifying associations and identifying specific risk periods. We systematically reviewed the literature on heat impacts on maternal, fetal, and neonatal health, and quantified impacts

The twentieth century saw unprecedented rises in life expectancy in high-income countries, but data suggest that this trend will not continue in the current century without radical interventions to slow biological aging.

In British South Asian women, a culturally adapted and community-informed cognitive behavioral therapy intervention led to higher early recovery rates than the usual treatment.

Correction to: Nature Medicine https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03264-4, published online 1 September 2024.

The current Oropouche fever outbreak has been traced to a novel reassortant virus that emerged about a decade ago, which highlights the importance of One Health surveillance in preventing, predicting, detecting and responding to emerging threats.