The traditional Pb-Ag anodes used in zinc electrowinning exhibit high overpotential for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and poor mechanical strength, leading to high energy consumption. To overcome the shortcomings, Ti/SnO2-Sb2O4/PbO2-La-doped MnCo2O4.5 composite anode was prepared by this work. It demonstrated enhanced electrochemical performance, requiring 565 mV to reach the benchmark current density

The development of pilot plants is important in establishing new technology to close the gap between lab-scale and full-scale operations by minimizing technical uncertainties. Currently, limited research is available to evaluate different aspects of pilot plants for producing lignin-based materials before commercialization. This paper focuses on designing a safe and eco-friendly pilot plant for optimizing

Emission control of gaseous elemental iodine discharged from nuclear industries is of extreme importance for ecological environment and human health. An obvious barrier hindering the extensive application of activated carbon-based sorbents primarily derives from the absence of active ligands with satisfactory binding towards iodine. To effectively face this challenge, copper sulfide (CuS) with high

To recycle isobutanol and ethanol from wastewater, different extractive distillation flowsheets with different entrainers are proposed. Firstly, the entrainers glycerol (GI), ethylene glycol (EG) and different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are compared from the perspective of relative volatility and quantum chemical calculation. Subsequently, the indirect extractive distillation (IED) process and direct

Benchtop pulsed field gradient (PFG) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements of the intra-diffusion coefficient (Di∗ ) for binary gaseous mixtures are presented as a function of composition, for temperature and pressure conditions broadly relevant to industrial and geological processes. This required the design, construction, and application of a novel NMR-compatible sapphire sample cell. Measurements

The expansion of bubbles in viscous fluids in microchannels is normally overlooked. The bubble dynamics in liquids with varying viscosities (1.15 ∼ 101.47 mPa·s) and contact angles (29.3 ∼ 137.6°) in a microchannel were investigated under various inlet pressure drops (8 ∼ 202 kPa). The findings indicate that bubble formation occurs within a squeezing-shearing regime over a wide Capillary number range

This research investigates how combining forced periodic operation with spatially distributed catalyst activity can enhance heterogeneous catalytic processes. It focuses on analyzing reaction-diffusion phenomena within porous catalyst pellets. These pellets exhibit a Gaussian distribution of active sites, and the study investigates how externally forced periodic variations in bulk reactant concentration

Catalyst deactivation affects chemical system performance and reactor operation. A systematic method is proposed for targeting the optimal reactor, operating parameters, system performance, and catalyst service life, considering the catalyst deactivation. Relations between reactor performance, operating parameters, and running time are clarified based on the coupling analysis of the reactions, catalyst

Similarly to ice, gas hydrates can be used to purify water from contaminants. The removal efficiency depends of several parameters, such as the chemical composition of the contaminant, its geometry and size, its charge and others. The process was tested for water mixtures containing glucose at different concentrations, ranging from 40 to 0.15 w/w%. To process meaningful quantities of water, the production

Two alternative coal-to-aromatics processes, the methane steam reforming-assisted process (NG-CTA-S) and methane dry/steam reforming-integrated process (NG-CTA-DS), are proposed to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with conventional coal-to-aromatics (CTA) processes. This study conducted a detailed process simulation and optimization of key parameters to determine the aromatic production

Penetration of nanometer-sized, diffusive aerosol particles through a circular tube has been determined by two numerical methods. One method consisted in the simulation of the trajectories of Brownian particles suspended in a flowing fluid medium. The other was the numerical solution of the advection–diffusion equation. For any given value of the particle diffusion coefficient, penetration, i.e. the

One attractive application of Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is deriving fluid flow information such as velocity and pressure from temperature field. However, this requires developing a suitable loss function for a given flow condition. In this paper we implemented a general loss function in PINN to directly obtain fluid velocity and pressure from temperature information. We first validated

As an advanced oxidation process, hydrodynamic cavitation generates radicals inducing reduction of chemicals in water. In the present work dye degradation is investigated as a representative for such chemical. Cavitation intensity, outgassing and flow reactivity largely depend on pressure boundary conditions. The paper presents an experimental study aimed to investigate effects of outgassing on degradation

As oil and gas extraction increasingly ventures into deep-sea environments, the issues surrounding the flow safety of hydrate and wax deposits have become more critical. There is an urgent need to develop environmentally friendly and adaptable hydrate anti-agglomerants, and to expand the database and knowledge base for risk management strategies to ensure optimal production safety. This study formulated

This study is part of the research activities devoted to the development of new gas-cleaning technologies required to minimize the emissions factors of sulfur compounds in chemical industries and power plants. Among flue gas desulfurization (FGD) processes, wet scrubbing with oxidizing chemicals, e.g. sodium chlorite (NaClO2) has appeared as a viable option for different applications. The present work

Sorption-enhanced steam methane reforming represents a highly auspicious technological breakthrough that delivers dual benefits of enabling the CO2 capture while also facilitating hydrogen production. The SE-SMR process in the riser is explored by MP-PIC model. After validating this model with experimental measurements, the solid thermal properties at particle scale and gas–solid hydrodynamics are

The solubility performance of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane has been investigated by the combination of experimental measurement, solvent parameter analysis, and molecular simulation methods. The solubility in 10 pure solvents at 293.15 K to 343.15 K was determined. It was found that the solubility in nine solvents increased with temperature, except for isoamyl propionate

A new approach for the globally optimal design of air coolers is presented. First, by coupling the air cooler geometric options with commercially available fans, the traditional mismatch emerging from designing the air cooler first and selecting a commercial fan later is removed. Second, the method departs from the traditional LMTD and ε-NTU methods, adopting a model composed of a differential–algebraic

Solid fuels, such as coal or biochar, can be injected into a blast furnace for low-carbon ironmaking. However, unburnt coal or biochar powders may accumulate in the coke bed, potentially reducing bed permeability and compromising furnace stability. Current CFD-DEM methods struggle to simulate systems with significant size differences between coke particles and coal or biochar powders, where the diameter

In this work, rice husk-derived hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) was developed as a high-performance adsorbent for ethyl mercaptan removal. Various characterization methods were used to comprehensively characterize the HPC adsorbent. HPC-2 exhibited an adsorption capacity of 118.1 mg/g for ethyl mercaptan at 500 ppm and a space velocity of 12000 h−1, outperforming similar materials reported previously

In this study, ZnIn2S4 with oxygen vacancies was fabricated using NaBH4-assisted hydrothermal method to enhance the photocatalytic activities. The generated ZIS and ZISVo-x samples exhibited microspherical nanosheet structure and it is proven that NaBH4 could enhance the amount of oxygen vacancies in ZnIn2S4 as confirmed by XPS analysis. Upon solar light irradiation, ZISVo-5 sample performed a fast

A three-dimensional nonorthogonal lattice Boltzmann model is employed to simulate a single droplet impacting a nonuniform wettable surface at the bottom of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The effects of nonuniform surface wettability differences in the flow channel, the impact Weber number, and the central stripe width on the energy evolution during the spreading stage are investigated. Qualitative

Adsorbent monoliths are increasingly studied for carbon capture applications. These monoliths often contain a distribution of channels, due to defects in the die or inhomogeneous drying. The effect of such heterogeneities on CO2 capture process performance is not well investigated. In this work, the performance of a fixed bed, an ideal monolith and monoliths containing a wall size distribution are

Material synthesis literature documents detailed synthesis procedures, which provide valuable insight and guidance for designing practical synthesis routes. Information extraction (IE) techniques have emerged as powerful tools to obtain structured synthesis-related data. However, current IE methods struggle to differentiate semantically similar experimental records and extract dense experimental properties

Carbohydrates specified C6 sugars dehydrate to produce platform chemicals like 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and furfural that further oxidize to chemicals 2,5-diformyl furan and 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid. Here we propose a gas-phase in which a two-fluid nozzle atomizes a 0:1 fructose in water solution into a fluidized bed of Mo–V– / . However, the imperfect interaction between droplet and catalyst increases

Development of effective cesium-based catalyst is important for methyl methacrylate (MMA) production via one-step aldol reaction. Herein, a kind of Cs/Zr-SiO2 catalyst was prepared by sol–gel method and the acid-base properties and their balance could be controllably regulated. The influence of catalyst preparation conditions including Si/Zr ratio and water content on the structure and acid-base properties