Climate change, recurrent droughts, and increasing urban water demands have limited water availability in urban landscapes. Water quantity challenges have led to irrigation restrictions and turfgrass removal programs. An experiment was conducted at the University of Florida, West Florida Research and Education Center, Jay, FL, to evaluate the effect of turfgrass conversion to other landscape types on nutrient leaching and groundwater recharge. In April 2021, all surface vegetation was removed from existing turfgrass plots using a sod harvester. Thereafter, plots were planted or covered with three landscape types: a pollinator landscape with flowering forbs (Mimosa sp., Coreopsis sp., and Phyla sp.) + turfgrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides); a nitrogen (N)‐efficient lawn (Arachis glabrata + Paspalum notatum); and a low‐input landscape with unplanted woodchip mulch. Undisturbed turfgrass (E. ophiuroides) served as a control. For 2 years, leachate samples were collected weekly from previously installed 168‐L drainage lysimeters for NO3‐N and NH4‐N load determination. Temporal changes in landscape composition, groundwater recharge, water use, and soil bulk density were also quantified. While the mulch leached 44.7 kg ha−1 NO3‐N year−1, this landscape still offers positive attributes, including erosion protection and water conservation. Conversely, the pollinator landscape minimized nitrogen leaching (8.3 kg ha−1 NO3‐N year−1) due to their relatively greater water use rates (3.56 mm day−1). The turfgrass and nitrogen‐efficient lawn returned ∼35% of the water inputs as groundwater recharge while maintaining relatively low nitrogen leaching (3.6 and 2.7 kg ha−1 NO3‐N year−1, respectively), making these landscapes efficient for protecting both water quality and quantity.

中文翻译：

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亚热带气候下替代草坪转换的氮浸和地下水补给


气候变化、反复发作的干旱和不断增长的城市用水需求限制了城市景观中的水资源供应。水量挑战导致了灌溉限制和草坪草清除计划。在佛罗里达州杰伊的佛罗里达大学西佛罗里达研究和教育中心进行了一项实验，以评估草坪草转化为其他景观类型对养分浸出和地下水补给的影响。2021 年 4 月，使用草皮收割机从现有草坪草地块中清除了所有表层植被。此后，地块被种植或覆盖三种景观类型：带有开花杂草（含羞草属、Coreopsis 属和 Phyla 属）的传粉昆虫景观 + 草坪草（Eremochloa ophiuroides）;氮 （N） 高效的草坪（Arachis glabrata + Paspalum notatum）;以及带有未种植的木屑覆盖物的低投入景观。未受干扰的草坪草 （E. ophiuroides） 作为对照。2 年来，每周从先前安装的 168 L 引流溶度计中收集渗滤液样品，用于测定 NO3-N 和 NH4-N 负荷。景观组成、地下水补给、水分利用和土壤容重的时间变化也被量化。虽然覆盖物浸出了 44.7 公斤公顷-1 NO3-N 年-1，但这种景观仍然具有积极的属性，包括侵蚀保护和节水。相反，由于它们的用水率相对较高（3.56 毫米天-1），传粉媒介景观最大限度地减少了氮浸出（8.3 kg ha-1 NO3-N year-1）。草坪草和氮效率高的草坪作为地下水补给返回了大约 35% 的水输入，同时保持相对较低的氮浸出（分别为 3.6 和 2.7 公斤公顷-1 NO3-N 年-1），使这些景观有效地保护了水质和水量。