Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a major cereal crop grown worldwide for human consumption, malting, and animal feed. Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that reduce grain yield and quality in barley. This study was conducted to evaluate a set of 250 barley lines grown under irrigated, water‐stressed, and rainfed conditions and to identify genomic regions associated with 10 traits related to grain yield and quality across eight independent field environments. Variability was observed among barley lines for tolerance to water‐stressed conditions in all tested environments. Genotype and environment both contributed to the phenotypic variation of the barley lines. Population structure analysis identified two subpopulations using 20,700 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Genome‐wide association mapping detected 74 significant SNPs (p ≤ 6.5 × 10−6), representing 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs), on all barley chromosomes, except 3H. The QTL, QBG.ARS.7H, associated with beta‐glucan (BG), was consistently detected across environments and explained 13.93% of phenotypic variation. Carriers of the minor allele for the BG‐associated SNP, JHI‐Hv50k‐2016‐488035, exhibited up to 14.65% higher BG content, on average, compared with carriers of the common allele. This study advances our understanding of the genetics of barley response to water‐stress conditions and suggests molecular markers for QTL, which may be used in barley improvement.

中文翻译：

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干旱胁迫响应对大麦产量和品质性状的关联图


大麦 （Hordeum vulgare L.） 是世界各地种植的一种主要谷物作物，供人类食用、制麦和动物饲料。干旱是降低大麦谷物产量和品质的主要非生物胁迫之一。本研究旨在评估在灌溉、水分胁迫和雨养条件下生长的一组 250 个大麦品系，并确定与 8 个独立田间环境中与谷物产量和质量相关的 10 个性状相关的基因组区域。在所有测试环境中，大麦品系对水分胁迫条件的耐受性存在差异。基因型和环境都有助于大麦品系的表型变异。群体结构分析使用 20,700 个单核苷酸多态性 （SNP） 标记确定了两个亚群。全基因组关联图谱在除 3H 外的所有大麦染色体上检测到 74 个重要的 SNP （p ≤ 6.5 × 10-6），代表 14 个数量性状位点 （QTL）。QTL，QBG。与 β-葡聚糖 （BG） 相关的 ARS.7H 在环境中一致检测到，并解释了 13.93% 的表型变异。与共同等位基因的携带者相比，BG 相关 SNP 的次要等位基因携带者 JHI-Hv50k-2016-488035 的 BG 含量平均高出 14.65%。这项研究促进了我们对大麦对水分胁迫条件反应的遗传学的理解，并提出了 QTL 的分子标记，可用于大麦改良。