The unique culture of a society is often used as the basis for developing tourism. However, cultural research attached to society seems to only see it as a ‘package,’ not the main essence of that culture. In the context of a crisis, especially the Covid-19 pandemic, Balinese culture has developed into a tool for building resilient tourism. This assumption serves as the foundational premise for this

Risk perception research plays a critical role in tourism studies, given its ability to shape the appeal and viability of destinations. There has been a surge in research on tourism risk perception and travel-related behaviors due to the pandemic. This context offers a unique opportunity to review and aggregate risk perception studies to identify behavior patterns and changes. Accordingly, this study

An increasing number of studies have emerged to analyze the growing phenomenon of women travelers and their active participation on social media, especially dedicated to its psychological aspects. However, its economic and entrepreneurial implications have been mostly neglected. The objective of this study is to develop a two-facet theoretical framework on how lay women travelers become entrepreneurial

Destination image is a crucial aspect of tourism research. Although extensively studied, recent research highlights the need to explore residents' views and non-visitors' perceptions of destinations. This study aims to address this gap by contrasting Resident Destination Image (RDI) with Tourist Destination Image (TDI) among non-visitors, using Uzbekistan as a case study. The research investigates

Liquor and wine heritage tourism has become increasingly popular. To improve our understanding of this phenomenon, this study developed a theoretical framework for this study by integrating the pre, mid- and postvisit stages on the basis of the stimulus‒organism‒response (SOR) model and brand equity theory. We conducted 60 in-depth interviews and received 618 survey responses, thus allowing us to develop

Although many studies reveal the effects of social media on destination choice or image, scant research investigates viewers' dynamic psychological nature induced by social media sources and contents. This study aims to fill that gap by examining the interaction effects of sources and landmark types on viewers' emotional and behavioral responses within the realm of social media-induced tourism. Utilizing

Artificial intelligence (AI) can generate high-quality destination images to attract prospective visitors. The perceived authenticity of these images can determine the extent to which tourists will patronize a destination. This study proposes the concept of AI-thenticity defined indexically as the originality of artificial intelligence-generated content and iconically as how accurately and faithfully

The aim of this research is to analyse local government tourism officer satisfaction with a smart destination model using the Kano method. A causal model is proposed with four antecedent variables of tourism officer satisfaction with the smart destination model: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust in and challenges of the model. The smart destination model applied to a smart destination

Informed by political consumerism theory and employing a multi-case approach, this study examines the different factors influencing tourists' decisions to participate in or abstain from destination boycotts. Through an analysis of online narratives, the study identifies and discusses key manifestations of ethical dilemmas in tourists' boycott decisions, reflecting both the transformative potential

This paper analyses the spatial effects on the production efficiency of P2P accommodation units as an indication of their performance. The empirical analysis undertaken is based on data for the sharing accommodation industry in the Canary Islands (Spain) in the period January 2019–September 2020 (monthly data). In a first stage, order-m robust nonparametric frontier analysis is used to detect superefficient

Mega sporting events can generate significant impacts on the host destinations. The Tokyo 2020 Olympics (“Tokyo 2020” hereafter) was a unique case as the pandemic minimized the impact of international tourism. In this situation, how could residents' perceived event impacts be associated with support intention for future event hosting? The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between

This paper introduces a framework for analyzing and interpreting the visual content of tourism landscapes, particularly focusing on the comparative representation of these landscapes by destination management organizations (DMOs) in the cross-border context of Usedom Island, shared by Poland and Germany. Drawing on a literature review and employing visual content analysis, this study categorizes elements

As the number of protected areas increases in a country, there is a need for entrepreneurial action to maximize the environmental and economic benefits of nature-based tourism and to complement government funding. Establishing an entrance fee to visit these protected areas could be a good option to ensure long-term economic sustainability. Therefore, using Herzberg's theory of motivation-hygiene and

This study explores and evaluates the physical evidence construct in integrated resort marketing. It contributes to the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory by introducing the concept of physical evidence and developing a novel framework in the context of integrated resorts. This conceptual framework enhances academic understanding of the relationship between physical evidence, branding, and the

This study aims to determine the associations between socio-demographic profiles, respondents’ self-assessed technology proficiency, willingness to carry out different immersive virtual tourism experiences, and willingness to pay for these kinds of activities compared to real-life experiences. The theoretical framework of the Technology Acceptance Model identifies the perceived usefulness and ease

The growth in tourism has brought benefits but also pressured urban transportation systems, particularly in capitals where it intersects with business and local life. While urban sustainable mobility development typically centers on the transportation needs of the residents, it frequently neglects the unsustainable travel habits of tourists. This study focuses on the key elements influencing sustainable

In recent decades, hospitality and tourism scholars have shown increasing interest in medical tourism research. However, a comprehensive and systematic review of medical tourism research is lacking. To address this gap, this study undertook a review of 131 medical tourism studies published in the Social Sciences Citation Index-listed journals from 1987 to 2022. Their research designs, geographic foci

This study employs the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) paradigms to delve into the intricate variables that shape Instagram users' intentions to visit renowned Spanish museums, known as the Golden Triangle of Art. Leveraging a comprehensive analysis using partial least squares, this research scrutinizes the visiting intentions of Instagram users and synthesizes

Tourism aims to enhance community quality of life, but its impacts can be positive and/or negative by community. Under increasing uncertainty from multiple crises, this study links tourism sectors with the concepts of community resilience and quality of life to support sustainable development. We examined how community resilience spatially mediates dynamic relationships between tourism and community

A robust and positive brand image, intertwined with a strong sense of place attachment, creates a symbiotic cycle that fuels customer loyalty and ignites the desire for a return visit. By leveraging a quantitative research approach and employing rigorous statistical methods, three distinct studies were conducted. The first study, primarily exploratory, was aimed at scrutinizing the psychometric attributes

While emojis serve as a proxy of emotion in digital environments and pave the way for new epistemological viewpoints in destination marketing, certain symbols fail to receive equal attention. This study explores the sentiment of emojis across social media posts featuring different destination characteristics and their impact on engagement. By employing topic modelling and permutation feature importance

Virtual streamer has been utilized in the field of destination marketing where it has gained considerable success. This study develops an emotional richness–streamer attractiveness–parasocial relationship (PSR)–destination attractiveness–visit intention framework to explain the effect of virtual streamers on destination visitation based on image transfer theory. A total of 400 valid responses were

Tourists play an important role in shaping the destination image by posting their experiences on visual and audio-visual channels. Thus, it is increasingly important for a successful destination marketing strategy that destination managers know how their destination is perceived and whether this is aligned with the image they project. This comparative content analysis evaluates the potential gap between

Tourist attractions are the most vital elements in the tourism industry system and are central to a destination's appeal. Despite the considerable research interest in tourist attractions and their experiential offerings, there is a limited empirical foundation and theoretical underpinning addressing the optimal balance between constructability and tourist experience during attraction development,

The concept of the peri-urban has been used to explore the dynamics of transition at the urban-rural interface, which has clarified the specific and diverse transitions taking place in these areas. However, research still offers little insight into tourism transitions in peri-urban areas that aim to use tourism as a catalyst for development. This paper addresses this gap with an in-depth study of tourism

The goal of this research was to develop and validate an integrative model for memorable wildlife tourism experience. The study examined how escapism, experience co-creation, existential authenticity, and experiential satisfaction serve as drivers of memorable wildlife experience. It further explored the connection between memorable wildlife tourism experience and hedonic well-being, eudaimonic well-being

Self-administered surveys are a widespread data collection method in tourism research. However, survey-based data are prone to what is widely referred to as common method variance (CMV). Common method variance represents systematic error variance which can potentially have a substantial confounding influence on empirical findings, since it can lead to incorrect assessments of construct validity and

Strategic planning of sport events should promote the maximisation of local communities' benefits. Among other dimensions of interest to the host destination's stakeholders, given the aim of sustainable development, sport events leveraging must integrate economic, social and environmental perspectives, justifying its multidimensional extensiveness. The general objective of this study was to stimulate

Family traveling, especially to rural areas, may lead to appealing fun experiences for children and make them memorable. Memorable experiences of children from various aspects can be useful for policy makers and planners of destinations, parents and children. The effectiveness of travels and children's learning from traveling are among the most significant concerns of parents and tourism activists

In an atmosphere of pathogen danger and mistrust during a pandemic, misinformation can induce the urge to penalize the pathogen's origin-destination. This study exams the effect of COVID-19 origin belief (that is, the belief that the virus is human-engineered) on hospitality and tourism outcomes using multi-wave data (U.S. sample: = 351). The findings suggest that the diverse impact of COVID-19 origin

Although outdoor recreation and tourism drive the economies of many gateway and natural amenity regions (GNARs), community leaders in these areas often lack a clear understanding of how to strategically invest in resources in ways that lead to a balanced portfolio of assets that meets market demands. This research investigates the relationship between the supply of and demand for outdoor recreation

Small island destinations possess fragile ecosystems that are susceptible to the effects of tourism. Ensuring sustainability in these destinations is undoubtedly of utmost importance. This research delved into the fundamental cognitive, affective, and normative processes underlying tourists' intentions toward ecological protection, water conservation, and waste reduction during their visits to small

The aim of this study is to determine whether a “slow tourism” image, coupled with value co-creation, can help develop sustainable tourist destinations. The study adapts a “slow destination image” scale and proposes that online value co-creation can be a valid strategy in the quest to encourage pro-environmental behaviors among visitors. A quantitative empirical study is conducted on a sample of Spanish

Research on psychic distance in tourism studies has mainly focused on perceived psychic distance, while little attention has been paid to psychic distance stimuli. Applying the Cultural-Administrative-Geographic-Economic (CAGE) distance framework, this study employs a gravity model framework to investigate the relationship between psychic distance stimuli and international tourist flows and the moderating

During popular festivals, overtourism can be a significant problem that negatively affects many tourist destinations. This study carried out a systematic review of the literature on pride and the effects of perceived overtourism. Based on the variables and concepts found in the literature, a questionnaire was developed with 37 items that reflect different dimensions and stages of mitigating the effects

We are increasingly confronted with external factors that affect or promote sustainable tourism development. The pandemic triggered by COVID-19 has shown that to effectively manage uncertainty, it is essential to include perceived risk as a predictor variable. This study analyses residents′ support for sustainable tourism development in low-density territories and proposes a model that takes into account

Living labs are increasingly popular in discussions on co-creation, destination design and education, particularly with regards to their potential to deal with so called ‘wicked’ problems. However, the living labs concept is ill-defined and critical practitioners warn that this undermines the potential of living labs and may lead to inflated expectations. This article seeks to provide more clarity

Autonomous vehicle-related services, such as Waymo, are now available for tourists, creating a new era of ground transportation in the tourism industry. However, research on autonomous vehicles in tourism literature remains in the beginning stage. To enrich understanding of autonomous vehicles in tourism and to contribute practical insights, this study examines potential users’ assessment, expectancy

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers digital tools that advertisers can use to create ads and automate various advertising processes. It has reorganized and upgraded traditional advertising and specifically improved advertising efficiency for tourist destinations. Adopting the computers-are-social-actors paradigm and spreading–activation theory, this study examined how the relationship between declared

Despite the military and political tensions surrounding the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), over 1.2 million individuals visit the destination each year. Considering various tourist motivations and the group-oriented tour setting at the DMZ and employing the Interaction Ritual Theory as a theoretical guide, this study examined how South Korean DMZ tourists' motivations and interaction led to emotional

Our study explored the enabler role of perceived usefulness, enjoyment, and ease of use from metaverse tourism on Gen Z engagement and satisfaction. Furthermore, the enabler role of Gen Z's engagement and satisfaction with metaverse tourism on their word-of-mouth intentions are also explored. Lastly, the study examined the contingency effects of age, annual family income, and gender. Data were collected

Sense of place primarily reflects the relationship between people and places. Dark tourism is an activity that establishes an emotional interaction between tourists and the destination. However, research on tourists' sense of place in dark tourism is scarce. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between tourists' sense of place and heritage protection in dark tourism. The results show that

Destination choice is an important component of measuring tourism competitiveness. Although various studies have been conducted to analyze factors influencing destination choice, exploration during a health crisis (i.e. pandemic) has not been widely carried out. Besides, understanding the behavior of domestic tourists in choosing destinations during a pandemic can help tourism/destination managers

This study investigates the impact of online disinformation and hate speech on a country's image, considering its implications for the destination's image and tourism prospects. Utilizing the theoretical lens of soft power, the study performs a macro-level empirical analysis across 56 countries on the influence of a diverse array of online disinformation variants and hate speech on the nation's brand

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, ‘regenerative tourism’ has emerged as a promising alternative to the unsustainable growth paradigm underpinning traditional tourism practices. While this topic is increasingly explored in conceptual terms, what this approach means conceptually and in practice for a range of destination management stakeholders remains unclear. The present study analysed the meanings

Knowledge of how people love and behave out of love for a destination brand is limited. Thus, this study explores the antecedents and outcomes of destination brand love, which considers the moderating effects of social experiences (social exclusion vs. inclusion). The findings of this study reveal that consumption authenticity, which comprises brand, intrapersonal, and existential authenticity, has

The use of blockchain technology (BT) is transforming consumer behavior and enhancing business values, but its role in the context of mobile food delivery applications (MFDAs) is underexplored. Therefore, this study utilizes stimulus–organism–response theory to determine consumers' willingness to pay more (WPM) and behavioral intention to use BT-enabled MFDAs. The empirical analysis was conducted using

The aim of this work is to unveil the relationships between the socio-demographic profile of tourists attracted by flamenco shows and their opinions and perceptions about the importance of music in general and flamenco in particular as a motivation to travel, their interest and preference for flamenco and flamenco shows. The methodology employed is an artificial neural network to estimate a specific

The emergence and rise of social media have affected how companies address consumers, taking particular relevance in some sectors, such as hospitality. Despite this importance in the research literature, there needs to be more delimitation and understanding of social media's impact, specifically in the hospitality sector. Thus, this paper objective to learn about the evolution of social media research

Botanical gardens are important tourist destinations, but their destination marketing strategies have historically received little attention. Among the most recognizable effort of destination marketing, picture postcards and their motifs give insight into previous strategies. In this analysis, I analyzed the motifs and style of the postcards produced by the Botanical Garden Munich-Nymphenburg over

This paper assesses the degree of specialization of tourism destinations along European coasts. It presents a European tourism database and a method based on Data Envelopment Analysis for creating an index of tourism specialization that ranks European basins, countries, and regions at the smallest Eurostat geocoding layer. The set of indicators selected respond to the economic logic of the tourism

This study seeks to examine the buffering effect of the brand equity of a destination on the customer responses to a service failure of the hotel/restaurant industry, which represents an important constituent of the tourism ecosystem. In this regard, a destination brand is viewed from the prism of customer-based brand equity as the “differential effect of destination brand knowledge on the responses

This research investigates tourists’ reactions and perceptions about content-specific elements such as minority languages found on destination websites and social media accounts. Via an experimental study in the context of the Ladin minority of South Tyrol (Italy), the aim is to provide a greater understanding of online destination marketing, destination brand image, and social media engagement. The

The concept of smartness and smart tourism is gaining traction in the academic world; often applied to developed tourist destinations, this concept could also be applied in rural, developing and emerging areas to enable meaningful actor-to-actor relationships. Results of this research show the importance of focusing on human aspects of smartness for the co-creation of mutual value for host and guests

This research formalises a new methodology to measure and analyse Destination Brand Experience, improving upon traditional approaches by offering greater objectivity and rigour. Adopting a case study approach, five distinct and complementary types of analysis have been conducted: comprehensive sentiment analysis and topic modelling, an analysis using multiple thesauri, statistical analyses for hypothesis

This study explored the relationship between metaverse experience and travel decisions through a survey of 459 Brazilian ZEPETO users. The results show that well-organized affordances had a significant impact on users' sense of presence. Neither social realism nor cyber sickness had a significant impact on immersion, but spatial presence was strongly correlated with immersion and place attachment.

This paper explores the role and significance of spatial units in online tourism marketing and branding. The analysis is based on the application of different regional typologies as categorization units in understanding and analyzing quantitative and qualitative properties of tourism websites. The study combines four distinct ways of classifying regions into a spatial framework to systematize the properties

This article discusses the history and status quo of traditional tourism motivation theories as well as their shortcomings. By adopting a collective approach to motivation, this study proposes a framework that examines tourism motivations from a complex adaptive system's perspective. To conduct this study, the destination-motivation semantic system was designed as a bipartite scale-free network that

The tourscape concept is recently coined to represent the general atmosphere experienced by tourists in a destination and includes four dimensions (stimuli): physical, social, socially symbolic, and natural dimensions. Tourist perception of these stimuli is relevant for the development of a tourist destination. This study proposes for the first time that tourscape can also be an important element of