Scholarly focus on virtual tourism's substitutability has traditionally been on inaccessible destinations (e.g. extinct sites, overly-toured places). The COVID-19 pandemic, however, highlighted its relevance for individuals experiencing confinement. This study uses the pandemic as a natural laboratory to explore how a sense of confinement—stemming from either limited mobility (capability-induced) or unmet travel aspirations (aspiration-induced)—influences the acceptance of reality-based, virtually-delivered tourism offerings. This study employed a multi-method approach to address two objectives. One objective is to understand whether and how an individual's sense of confinement plays a role in their virtual tourism adoption intent and their desire to physically visit a destination through the mediation of perceived substitutability. The survey results demonstrate that capability-induced confinement enhances the perceived substitutability of virtual tourism, thereby increasing future adoption intentions. In contrast, aspiration-induced confinement does not exhibit the same effect. Notably, individuals still show a desire to physically visit places they have toured virtually. The other objective is to develop a baseline understanding of what virtual experience design features may be preferred by consumers with various degrees of sense of confinement. The conjoint analysis reveals a strong preference for socialization features in virtual tourism design.

中文翻译：

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虚拟交付旅游产品的限制感和偏好：两个故事的故事


传统上，学术界对虚拟旅游的可替代性的关注集中在无法到达的目的地（例如已灭绝的遗址、过度游览的地方）。然而，COVID-19 大流行凸显了它与经历禁闭的个人的相关性。本研究以大流行为自然实验室，探讨了由行动不便（能力诱发）或未满足的旅行愿望（抱负诱发）产生的限制感如何影响对基于现实的虚拟交付旅游产品的接受度。本研究采用多方法方法来解决两个目标。一个目标是通过感知的可替代性的中介，了解个人的禁锢感是否以及如何在其虚拟旅游采用意图和他们实际访问目的地的愿望中发挥作用。调查结果表明，能力诱导的限制增强了虚拟旅游的感知可替代性，从而提高了未来的采用意愿。相比之下，误吸诱导的禁闭没有表现出相同的效果。值得注意的是，个人仍然表现出亲自访问他们虚拟游览过的地方的愿望。另一个目标是对具有不同程度限制感的消费者可能更喜欢哪些虚拟体验设计功能有一个基本的了解。联合分析揭示了虚拟旅游设计中对社会化特征的强烈偏好。