As the number of protected areas increases in a country, there is a need for entrepreneurial action to maximize the environmental and economic benefits of nature-based tourism and to complement government funding. Establishing an entrance fee to visit these protected areas could be a good option to ensure long-term economic sustainability. Therefore, using Herzberg's theory of motivation-hygiene and the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis methodology (fsQCA) as a valid theoretical framework, this study aims to analyze the combined effects of both motivating and hygiene variables which lead to the absence of willingness to pay (WTP) an entrance fee to visit a national park. The findings indicate that motivating factors, such as prior visits to other national parks, the inclination to visit a national park, or a strong commitment to environmental issues, were more important than hygiene factors, such as value for money and overall satisfaction with the visit. Managerial implications and directions for future studies are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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从可持续创业旅游的角度（不）愿意付费参观国家公园


随着一个国家保护区数量的增加，需要采取创业行动，以最大限度地发挥自然旅游的环境和经济效益，并补充政府资金。确定参观这些保护区的入场费可能是确保长期经济可持续性的不错选择。因此，使用 Herzberg 的动机卫生理论和模糊集定性比较分析方法 （fsQCA） 作为有效的理论框架，本研究旨在分析激励变量和卫生变量的综合影响，这些变量导致没有支付意愿 （WTP） 参观国家公园的入场费。研究结果表明，激励因素（例如之前访问过其他国家公园、访问国家公园的意愿或对环境问题的坚定承诺）比卫生因素（例如物有所值和对访问的总体满意度）更重要。还讨论了管理意义和未来研究的方向。