The frequency and intensity of wildfires in the Arctic has been increasing due to climate change. However, little is known about the effects of fire intensity on carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange in arctic tundra ecosystems. To investigate this, we conducted an experimental fire with different burn intensities (low intensity, high intensity, and unburned control) and measured surface daytime CO2 fluxes

Turbulence governs many atmospheric processes including mixing, transport, and energy transfer. Consequently, there is a strong need for the examination and validation of existing turbulence theories. The HOckey-Stick Transition (HOST) hypothesis was proposed to challenge traditional understanding of near-surface turbulence processes derived from Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (MOST). Within the MOST

Carbon allocation in vegetation, particularly to leaves and roots responsible for resource assimilation, plays a crucial role in regulating the global carbon cycle and is highly sensitive to environmental changes. However, due to the limited observational data, the response of carbon allocation—particularly between resource-acquiring organs—to rapid global environmental changes remains unclear for

The authors regret that the article was published with incorrect information. The original analysis presented estimates of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) from a 14-month dataset at a forested slope site. In particular, we discussed the impact of different filtering approaches, which are generally used to detect periods when measured estimates are likely to not represent the true NEE. Gap-filling for

Midday depression of photosynthesis (MD) refers to the phenomenon that vegetation's photosynthetic rate decreases at midday experiencing environmental stresses. Mangrove MD and its responses to heat and drought stresses offer valuable insights into understanding the impact of climate change on mangrove blue carbon. However, the temporal variability of mangrove MD and its interactions with these stresses

Ongoing climate change is having profound impacts on the growth and distribution of trees worldwide. However, there remain substantial gaps in our understanding of how environmental factors influence tree-growth responses to climate at larger scales, which is critical for identifying regions susceptible to the impacts of climate change. In this study, we aimed to reveal the main environmental factors

The Arctic is undergoing a shift toward a warmer and wetter climate. Recent experiments indicate that the carbon balance of subarctic wet tundra is sensitive to both summer warming and deeper snow. However, few studies have combined experimental data with process-oriented models to predict how the terrestrial carbon cycle will respond to future climate change. Here, we use CoupModel, a process-oriented

In the late 19th century, Osborne Reynolds published two papers whose impact on atmospheric turbulence studies can hardly be overstated. The first, Reynolds (1883) established both his eponymous, dimensionless number and his reputation as the father of turbulence science, which is beyond doubt. However, his second famous paper (Reynolds, 1895) sowed seeds of confusion regarding the mathematical separation

Leaf litter decomposition plays an important role in nutrient and carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, at a global scale, the effects of climate, initial litter chemistry, and different plant functional types on litter decomposition are not fully understood. Additionally, it remains unclear whether the effects of litter chemistry on leaf litter decomposition are consistent with responses

Brown spot needle blight disease, caused by the fungus Lecanosticta acicola, affects pine trees across the northern hemisphere. In recent years, its incidence has expanded to new areas and host species. This is in association with climate change. Interest in understanding the basis of its epidemiology and proposing appropriate management measures has also increased. However, there is a lack of studies

Snowmelt is a critical water supply that affects the environmental security and sustainable development. However, the dynamic contributions of climatic factors to snowmelt and their impacts on soil moisture (SM) and vegetation growth remain unclear. In this study, by combining changes in spring snowmelt (snow water equivalent), climatic factors (precipitation and temperature), SM, and vegetation growth

Evapotranspiration (ET) and its induced perturbations in the surface energy balance have significant impacts on the carbon cycle, water cycle, and regional climate. The partitioning of ET (transpiration (T) and evaporation (E)) has significant implications for agricultural production and water management. Rising tropospheric ozone (O3) concentrations currently alter leaf stomatal conductance, which

The need to accelerate the climate adaptation process has become increasingly evident as devastating climate impacts are more widely experienced, but climate action remains deficient. Climate adaptation is typically associated with three key types of enabling conditions whose presence is deemed necessary but not sufficient for climate action: governance capacity, access to finance, and relevant and

Climate change has heightened the occurrence of extreme compound events, yet their impacts on crop yield traits and the variations in yield sensitivity among different varieties and management practices remain elusive. Utilizing long-term (1981–2010) wheat trait data of 85 stations administered by the China Meteorological Center (CMC) for various wheat varieties and sowing dates, we employed a linear

Ozone(O3) pollution has become increasingly severe and persistent in recent years. A persistent O3 pollution event occurred in Chengdu in 2022 during a period of extreme high-temperature weather. In response, the government implemented power rationing measures to restrict industrial electricity consumption. Based on the observational data, an observation based model (OBM) and probability mass function

Large-scale mapping of fuel load and fuel vertical distribution is essential for assessing fire danger, setting strategic goals and actions, and determining long-term resource needs. The Airborne LiDAR system can fulfil such goal by accurately capturing the three-dimensional arrangement of vegetation at regional and national scales.

This article explores the socio‐cultural barriers and drivers shaping transitions toward climate‐friendly vacation practices. It highlights the influence of culturally embedded ideas and imaginaries surrounding holidays, intertwined with structural, cultural, and social constraints. These barriers and drivers are continually constructed and reinforced through various practices and discourses, shaping

Climate change is a critical global issue with far‐reaching implications for the environment, society, and economy. Political ecology examines the relationship between political systems, social inequalities, and ecological concerns in relation to climate change. It focuses on how power dynamics, resource allocation, and political decisions influence vulnerability, adaptation, and mitigation efforts

Numerous studies have established that green spaces are crucial in combating urban heat islands (UHI). As ecological Green Hearts have been adopted in many multipolar urban agglomerations, this study questions their long-term impact on urban heat mitigation. Taking the “Green Heart” area of the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration, and utilizing land use datasets between 1990 and 2020, numerical

Freeze-thaw (F-T) processes are prevalent and have the inherent potential to alter soil respiration (SR) in cold regions, which are particularly sensitive to climate warming and contribute a large uncertainty to the global carbon budget. However, the impacts of F-T processes on the diel pattern and temperature hysteresis of SR remain unclear. In this study, the Fick's law-based gradient method was

Brown Carbon (BrC) is an organic component of aerosols with light-absorbing characteristics that have crucial consequences in atmospheric warming and the climate system, yet it carries significant uncertainty. This uncertainty is due to its non-static optical properties which provide a significant challenge in the measurement of the perturbation caused by them in the Earth radiation budget. The unpredictability

Rising summer heat and more frequent and intense heatwaves impact countless metropolitan regions, including Greater Sydney, Australia. An analysis of historic air temperature measurements (1859–2020) reveals a notable increase in the number of ‘hot’ (≥35 °C) days during austral summers. While in the first 120 years of records 351 hot days were identified, 478 hot days were recorded during 2000–2020

The shelterbelts system is crucial for the regional surface water and heat process, which is important for the oasis ecological environment. In this study, Ulan Buh Desert Oasis was taken as the study area. To overcome the problem of inherent water and heat difference between oases and deserts, this study divided the oasis ring structure into shelterbelt-farmland-urban zone, shrub grassland zone and

Severe hail activities have significant impacts on our society because they damage property and are dangerous to people and animals. However, we have little knowledge on recent changes in geographic locations of severe hail activity center over Canada. Prior to exploring this, we have carried out Canada hail data consistency and reliability checks using solid trend analyses of three independent methods

Variations in snow cover could have profound impacts on regional and large-scale circulations and climate anomalies. Previous studies have focused on their effects on mid- to low-latitude weather without considering the impacts on the Arctic climate. Here, we propose that the snow cover in Europe and Central Siberia is an important land factor for the early spring 2 m temperature (T2m) interannual

The atmosphere over the Northeastern region of Brazil (NEB) contains a variety of different aerosol types: marine, soil dust, biomass burning, urban pollution, as well as mixed species. However, very few reliable information on aerosols is available for the region. Satellite data provides spatial and temporal coverage in places with low density ground-based observational networks, with Aerosol Optical

Recent extremes in Antarctic temperature, surface melt and sea ice loss have been robustly linked to the occurrence of atmospheric rivers (ARs). However, the precise mechanisms that generate variations in the surface impacts of ARs are poorly understood, especially in the Antarctic. Based on Arctic evidence that the vertical and horizontal advancement of ARs over sea ice strongly depends on meteorological

To enhance the understanding of the cloud and rain microphysical characteristics in Meiyu frontal systems, we performed a detailed analysis of stochastic collision processes in Meiyu frontal precipitation clouds, using observational data collected at the Bright Summit Meteorological Station on Huangshan (118°09′E, 30°08′N). By employing stochastic collection and breakup equations, this study investigates

Drought forecasting is important for water resources management and effective response to drought, and the predictability of drought may change under a changing environment. Most of the studies have focused on developing drought forecasting techniques, but limited attention has been made to the theory of drought predictability, such as dynamics of meteorological drought predictability and possible

Climate gentrification (CG) considers the complex ways that climate change can interact with housing affordability, development, and social inequity to contribute to the displacement of marginalized communities. CG is an emerging topic in academic literature, but there is limited understanding of how diverse stakeholders conceptualize and experience CG on the ground. This paper investigates this phenomenon

Optimizing land resource allocation is an inevitable requirement for achieving urban energy low-carbon transition. This paper explores the impact mechanism of land resource mismatch on urban energy low-carbon transition by utilizing actual land market transaction data and panel data of 284 prefecture-level cities in China obtained from China Land Market Network using crawler technology. The results

Pedestrianisation in urban areas has the potential to reduce air and noise pollution but may lead to increased pollution in surrounding streets. To date, there are very few long-term monitoring studies that assess the net impacts of pedestrianisation on air quality and noise. This study uses a dense low-cost particulate matter and environmental noise monitoring network to assess the net impacts of

The role of green space (GS) in mitigating the urban heat island (UHI) effect is well-recognized. However, practical research on GS optimization in high-density built-up areas, where land resources are scarce, remains limited. This study proposes a GS optimization method specifically designed for such areas, utilizing cooling simulations to establish a complete and feasible workflow. High-resolution

The eddy covariance (EC) technique has emerged as the method of choice for observing ecosystem–atmosphere interactions across biomes and climate zones. However, EC measurements are biased when the turbulent flow is decoupled from the underlying surface, severely limiting the applicability of the technique in observing surface–atmosphere fluxes. Friction velocity (u∗) is typically used to detect and

In arid regions, severe salinization can commonly result in the formation of a salt crust layer that covers the soil surface. The salt crust, composed of salt crystals, has significantly different physical properties compared to its matrix soil. It can alter the energy budget in soil, thus affecting soil temperature. However, the effect of salt crust on soil temperature remains unclear. To address

Atmospheric electric filed (AEF) measured at the earthʼs surface varies in time and space in an irregular manner, which makes interpreting the results of such measurements a challenging task. Simultaneous measurements of the AEF using several sensors make it possible to study the spatiotemporal structure of AEF variations associated with local sources. In one dimension there is an optimal placement

Accurate representation of the stable atmospheric surface layer (ASL) in numerical models has been a challenging task due to the occurrence of different physical processes such as radiative transport, turbulent mixing, and the coupling of vegetation with the atmosphere and underlying soil, as well as aspects of land use heterogeneity, etc. The Monin-Obukhov similarity theory has been widely used to