Land use land cover (LULC) change is a key contributor to land surface temperature (LST) and, consequently, the urban heat island effect. Investigating changes in urban morphology through LULC change and its impact on LST is crucial for urban planning and thermal comfort. In this work, we analyze the time-series evolution of both LST and LULC as well as their relationship in the city of Maceió, the

In this study, we investigated the intracity variation of humid heat in consideration of the contributions from temperature and humidity. Data were collected from mobile surveys in a mid-latitude industrial city. We found greater humid heat in built-up neighborhoods than in rural neighborhoods. Land surface temperature exaggerates the disparity in heat exposure as opposed to air temperature, although

This study examines the water-induced cooling capability of 12 waterbodies in Bengaluru City, India, using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS data. The study categorized and investigated the cooling impact of urban landscapes using Local Climatic Zone (LCZ) classification. The results indicate that dense urban built-up areas and impervious surfaces lead to higher Land Surface Temperature (LST). Large-sized waterbodies

Climate change is causing sea levels to rise, posing an unprecedented threat to coastal communities and infrastructure from coastal flooding and other hazards. The impact of sea-level rise on coastal shallow groundwater and subsequent impacts on infrastructure assets is a challenge that is not well understood. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with infrastructure engineers, asset managers and

Little is known regarding the association between hourly exposure to ambient temperature and temperature change between neighboring days (TCN) with the risk of emergency department (ED) visits for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study among 1.03 million ED visits for CVD between 2016 and 2021 in Zhejiang Province, China. Our analysis reported a reversed J-shaped

This study investigates changes in urban heat island (UHI) intensity with background temperature and humidity and their associations with physical processes. For this, we conducted idealized ensemble simulations with different initial potential temperature and water vapor mixing ratio profiles using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The daytime and nighttime UHI intensities increase

High-quality climate information tailored to cities' needs assists decision makers to prepare for and adapt to climate change impacts, as well as to support the targeted transition towards climate resilient cities. During the last decades, two main modelling approaches emerged to understand and analyse the urban climate and to generate information. Firstly, meso- and microscale urban climate models

Global warming has heightened the focus on carbon emissions. The IPCC 2023 Special Report: Climate Change and Land highlights the emerging field of land use-based carbon emissions characterization and prediction. This comprehensive review compares the advantages of Land Use and Land Cover Change in carbon emissions characterization and prediction against traditional methods. Using bibliometrics, the

This study explores the spatial evolution and driving factors of cooling supply and demand matching in blue-green spaces (BGSs) to alleviate urban heat island effects. Using Wuhan Metropolis as a case study, the cooling supply index (CSI) and cooling demand index (CDI) were utilized to assess the BGSs' cooling supply capacity and demand levels in 2014, 2018 and 2022. The relationship between them was

Sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium (SNA) are critical components of PM2.5, posing significant health risks and playing a vital role in air pollution formation in megacities. Long-term monitoring and high-time resolution temporal data of these pollutants are essential for identifying potential sources as well as evaluating and planning control measures. This study analyzes a five-year real-time dataset

Urban green spaces (UGS) play a critical role in enhancing urban livability, moderating microclimates, and supporting ecological balance. This study models actual evapotranspiration (ETa) in Vienna's UGS using high-resolution climate data and Sentinel-2 imagery. The primary objective is to adapt crop coefficients (Kc) for urban environments and provide a comprehensive understanding of UGS water dynamics

Rapid urban growth causes significant decrease in green cover which ultimately results higher temperature and strongest Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) effect. Rajshahi has the highest heat index score after the southwest region. Hence, Rajshahi city is particularly vulnerable to heat waves. There is a major gap in exploring the micro-scale thermal conditions in Rajshahi. The primary purpose

Pursuing co-benefits of air pollution reduction and carbon reduction (co-benefits) is an inevitable choice for the green development of China, with the digital economy (DE) presenting a viable novel opportunity. This study, based on data from 284 prefecture-level cities in China spanning from 2011 to 2021, examines the impact and full chain mechanisms of the DE on co-benefits. The results indicate

Estuary-ocean interaction regions typically confront compound floods caused by multiple drivers. However, current researches on formation mechanism and compound effect of such disaster remain inadequately profound. Therefore, this study proposed a framework to evaluate the encountering rules and hazards of compound flood based on Copula theory and hydrodynamic model. Taking Pearl River Delta (PRD)

The phenomenon of weather whiplash refers to sudden shifts in extreme weather events, which can have profound impacts on local climate systems, posing significant challenges to human society and ecosystems. Previous studies on whiplash events have been limited to compound events involving high temperatures and drought, without considering compound events involving low temperatures and drought, as well

Air pollution is a pressing environmental risk to public health, particularly in cities where population density and pollution levels are high. Traditional methods for exposure analysis often rely on census data, but recent studies highlight the impact of daily mobility on individuals' exposure. Here, we develop a methodology to determine unprecedented pedestrian exposure estimates at the city scale

Understanding urban microclimates is crucial amid rapid urbanization and climate change. Studying these microclimates through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations allows researchers to analyze various urban design scenarios. However, setting up building, ground material, and tree parameters in simulations is essential yet challenging. This study investigates the impact of these three parameter

The surface urban heat island (SUHI) effect poses severe challenges to urban sustainable development and urban livability. Current studies lack the analysis of heat island effect from the perspective of new and old furnace cities. In this study, spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing mechanisms of heat islands were investigated in eight furnace cities in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze

Air pollution causes serious health problems and environmental impacts in many countries around the world. This study aims to reveal the relationship between the micro-mobility usage frequency and air pollution in cities. In order to reveal this relationship, the micro-mobility usage frequency and air quality index values of PM2.5 and PM10 pollutants for 6 different cities with similar population from

This study proposes a machine learning (ML) framework generating spatially-distributed mean wind fields at a given height above ground within arbitrary urban canopy geometries. The framework is based on the Random Forest formulation and is trained using building resolving large-eddy simulations of flow over a range of realistic urban environments. The model maps up to 10 morphometric parameters, including

Commercial cooking is an important source of PM2.5, which adversely affects air quality, posing threats to human health. However, few studies have examined the effects of commercial cooking on outdoor air quality. We aimed to analyze characteristics of outdoor PM2.5 and ions from commercial cooking during cooking and non-cooking times in a popular restaurant area at Nankai University. The acidity and

Road traffic is one of the major emitters of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Besides detailed carbon emission calculations, methods to upscale the emissions are needed, particularly in areas where good-quality data to calculate CO2 emissions are lacking. To support this need, this study aims to quantify traffic-related CO2 emissions within Local Climate Zones (LCZs) in Helsinki, Finland, and

The diverse urban morphology leads to different microclimates within urban areas. However, little is known about the relationship between different urban morphology types and their impact during extreme heat events, particularly in humid subtropical climates. To address this gap, we analyzed six types of blocks in Nanjing, China, distinguished by three building heights and two street orientations,

Current studies of climate change impacts on human health primarily focus on extreme heat. It is equally imperative to understand the substantial effects of extreme cold on human well-being. We defined 15 distinct cold spells based on various temperature percentiles and durations observed in Shanghai between 2016 and 2020. To estimate the association between cold spells and human mortality, we employed

The synergy/trade-offs between strategies of mitigating and adapting to climate change have been highlighted by the IPCC assessment reports. Despite awareness of green infrastructure (GI) for mitigating and adapting to climate change, attempts to use a systems approach for assessing their synergies and trade-offs remains limited. This study developed an ecological–economic model of the Taipei Metropolitan

Urban heat island effect creates diverse microclimates, influencing heat exposure and consequent health effects. Study measured heat exposure among delivery riders within their microclimate, comparing it with city's average temperature. We investigated how higher exposure affects work, health, and productivity of riders.

The increasing concern over urban air quality has spurred research into atmospheric pollution, particularly focusing on the substantial influence of vehicle traffic on emissions. This study aimed to elucidate the variation of air pollutants in distinct areas of Fortaleza, a large metropolis in Brazil, utilizing a cost-effective sensor for data collection. Primary data on air pollutants, meteorological

Methane (CH4) is a greenhouse gas, and studying it is essential due to its high global warming potential and significant role in climate change. The present study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of CH4 in five cities (i.e., Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Delhi, Hyderabad, and Jaipur) of India to better understand its distribution and trends from 2019 to 2023. The study also investigated relationship

Road dust (RD) has emerged as a significant contributor to air pollution in urban areas. It serves as a major reservoir for various contaminants including highly toxic heavy metals and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Therefore, road dust poses threats not only to the environment but also human health, particularly to commuters and residents near roadsides. The abrasion of tyres and the release of

In this work, we have developed a high-resolution (1 ×1 km grid) emission inventory of greenhouse gases and air pollutants from open biomass burning (OBB) in Karnataka for 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, and 2022. Secondary and field datasets were used to validate the emission inventories. The GIS-based statistical model and activity data were used to estimate greenhouse and air pollutant gas emissions

The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies have established a clear connection between ambient air pollution, extreme temperatures, and an increased risk of mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, limited research has been conducted on the relationship between ambient temperature and COPD mortality in heavily polluted regions in China. This particular study examines the

The Urban Wind Island (UWI), a small but persistent positive mean boundary-layer wind anomaly over the city as a whole, has previously been revealed using a simplified conceptual model of the convective atmospheric boundary layer. This study extends the UWI research into less idealised cases by using the three-dimensional WRF mesoscale model for Amsterdam (The Netherlands) and its surroundings, at

An increasing proportion of greenhouse gas emissions is coming from urban areas, particularly in developing countries with low- and middle-income economies. While the major challenge for transitions into climate-friendly urban areas in developed countries is the reduction of their consumption footprints, the key factor for advancing the urban climate agenda in developing countries is the link between

For decades, PM2.5 (a type of fine particulate matter) in large urban areas has had a profound negative impact on human health. In this study, spatiotemporal analysis and four machine learning methods (XGBoost, ANN, CNN and MLR) were used to assess the changes and drivers of PM2.5 concentrations in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) from 2016 to 2019 based on 68 stations. The results indicated a significant

Rooftop mitigation strategies (RMSs) can alleviate extreme heat in highly urbanized cities under global warming. In this study, gridded urban canopy parameters for Tokyo, a coastal metropolis, were integrated into the Weather Research and Forecasting model, coupled with a multilayer urban canopy model. The effects of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) panels, sedum green roofs (GRs), and grass GRs on the urban

As emission standards tighten, addressing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) has become more urgent. The VOC emissions from diesel vehicles are underestimated in transportation, emphasizing the need to reexamine their emission characteristics. Our study analyzed four diesel vehicles and found that aromatics and alkanes were the dominant categories of VOCs, which accounted for approximately 24 % and

In recent years, different models to simulate urban climate variables have been applied to various cities. As the model outputs are usually validated individually, this raises the question about which urban climate model to choose for what specific purpose. The present study aims to find answers to this by intercomparing air temperature outputs of four different urban climate models that have been

Climate change has resulted in frequent extreme disasters and scarce resources, leading to a massive population into cities for favorable survival conditions, and also increasing urban air pollution burdens. It is urgent to assess population health risks related with urban air pollution, which usually relies on census method and meteorological measurement data. However, health impacts may be underestimated

To quantify the differences in winter thermal environment and air quality and to clarify the main factors influencing PM2.5 concentrations in cold regions, providing references for regional heating supply design and urban planning. In this study, pedestrian-level thermal environmental parameters and PM2.5 concentration were measured and compared across different urban functional zones (UFZs). Additionally

The influence of topography and urbanization on long-term summer rainfall trends in a complex urban environment is poorly understood. In this study, we utilized high-resolution gridding data (CN05.1) from 2416 long-term station observations (1960–2022) to investigate such influences over Wuhan, China. A geostatistical and mathematical framework was proposed to identify topographic and urban rainfall

Plants in general and those which are susceptible to the environmental pollution in particular, can act as bio-indicators for assessing the air pollution. Moreover, the plants which show tolerance to environmental deteriorations can be helpful as bio-monitors and metigators for air pollution. The present study was conducted to evaluate the tolerance level of dominant plant species in the twin cities

Quantitatively evaluating the spatial heterogeneity of the urban thermal environment holds significant scientific value for fostering sustainable urban development. This study utilized Point of Interest (POI) data to delineate the functional zones within the four districts of Dalian, while urban surface temperature data were derived through inversion techniques applied to Landsat 8 OLI_TIRS remote

Land surface temperature (LST) is influenced by a variety of natural factors and urbanization processes. Using MODIS LST data and the Geodetector model, we compared the spatiotemporal variations of LST and their drivers in super megacities (Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Shenzhen), a megacity (Xi'an), large cities (Urumqi and Harbin), and a small and medium-sized city (Lhasa). The LST of super megacities

With the increase in extreme precipitation events, the need for accurate and reliable extreme precipitation forecasting systems has become increasingly urgent. This study evaluates the performance of various physical parameterization schemes within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for forecasting extreme precipitation in the Yangtze River Middle Reaches Urban Agglomeration (YRMRUA)

Air pollution changes in urban and non-urban areas depend highly on the seasons and winds. However, it is scant to evaluate the effects of seasonality on air pollution, such as particulate matter (PM) using remote sensing data in Iran. Therefore, investigating the impacts of seasonal changes on PM10 is imperative to mitigate its adverse effect. Local Climate Zone (LCZ) is a new approach in classification

Relevant drag measurements in wind tunnels contributed to the drag parametrization. This reduced-scale numerical work further examines drag distribution and the relation between drag force and outdoor ventilation efficiency. Neighbourhood-like block arrays with planar area densities (λp) from 0.0625 to 0.25 and five distinct form types are investigated, extending a prior drag experiment solely on cube

Asthma and related respiratory symptoms are growing in India and urban cities are experiencing increasing traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) levels. Our study investigates the association between TRAP and respiratory symptoms, and unplanned visits made to general practitioner/emergency department/hospital admission in children and adolescents; we also aimed to understand whether low greenspaces surrounding

This study evaluates the reliability of the “Go-and-Stop” mobile method for collecting spatial thermal data in urban environments. Field measurements were conducted using six fixed weather stations installed in diverse spatial contexts and a mobile station following a route on a university campus in South Korea. While the mobile station accurately measured air temperature (Ta), wind speed (Va) exhibited

Trees are the most important natural factor to alleviate the urban heat island effect and the latent heat flux (LE) they release contributes significantly to urban cooling. In this study, the model ENVI-met was used to study the influence of building geometry on the LE exchanged by trees at the block scale in compact urban areas. The building density (BD), building height (BH) and sky view factor (SVF)

Car anthropogenic heat (CAH) release is a major factor affecting local temperature. However, the coupling-coordination (CC) relationship between CAH release and local temperature is not fully understood, owing to the absence of a quantitative relationship. Therefore, we selected winter season in 2008 in Beijing to conduct our research. We used trajectory data during 3th Feb 2008 and 7th Feb 2008 to

Due to global climate change, the frequency and intensity of heat-related disasters in cities are continuously increasing. Intraurban heat vulnerability may vary according to the spatial conditions of a detailed area, and it is important to consider spatial characteristics when planning to create a comfortable urban thermal environment. However, in terms of urban planning, analytical frameworks of

Urban microclimate varies for different urban morphologies in a city necessitating the assessment of impact of green roofs on the local microclimate in such typical morphologies. This paper explores the role of roof greening in regulating the local microclimate in Liège, Belgium, for nine realistic and unique urban morphological archetypes during a heatwave. The urban morphological archetypes are obtained

This research delves into the air quality dynamics within Abu Dhabi, UAE, focusing on the analysis and future projection of NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 levels from 2015 through 2023. Through the application of ARIMA models for predictive analysis and ordinary kriging for spatial evaluation, the study meticulously assesses pollutant concentrations across 19 monitoring stations. Advanced data processing methods

Flash droughts/floods are extreme weather phenomena that are expected to become increasingly frequent and severe with the changing climate. Flash droughts result from a rapid decline in soil moisture, while flash floods occur due to a high extreme rainfall intensity over a short duration. This study analyzes the ERA5 reanalysis data (hourly temperature, soil moisture, and precipitation) from 1992 to

With the cascading flooding events over the past decades, several structural and non-structural measures have been effectively implemented for improved flood management. However, the uneven impacts of the flooding events have highlighted that socio-economic inequality amongst the community needs to be addressed along with hazards to devise long term and sustainable flood management strategies. This

The two greenspace indicators, greenspace coverage (GC) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI), have been widely used in studies on surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII). However, GC, which is more practical for urban planning, has not been as extensively involved in cross-regional SUHII studies as EVI. This study investigated 233 Chinese cities spanning three climate zones to examine how the correlations

Recent publications on vulnerability assessment of weather-related disasters exhibit three main drawbacks: (1) minimal explanation of high contributing features; (2) limited validation; and (3) partial presentation of validation results. Our research addresses these gaps by thoroughly examining the most influential factors on the Socio-Economic Vulnerability Index (SEVI). We internally validated SEVI

Urban water supply networks are crucial for the transportation of water resources. However, with the increasing frequency and severity of cold wave disasters linked to climate change, the impact on water supply systems has become a critical concern. These impacts include pipe failures, customer water outages, and challenges in meeting peak winter water demand. To address this, our study analyzes data