Since rocks will generate voltage under load, studying their voltage characteristics is of prime importance for the prevention and control of mine dynamic disasters and the corresponding secondary disasters. In this study, a pressure stimulated voltage (PSV) test system for rock materials under uniaxial compression was constructed to explore the law of PSV variations of rocks. Meanwhile, a nuclear

The geometry and the depositional configuration of sand bodies affected by the 2012 Emilia earthquakes (Bondeno site, northern Italy) were reconstructed and the role of the sediment stacking pattern was tested using data from full-scale blast experiments. The research integrates remote sensing and surface geological mapping, subsurface investigations including stratigraphic coring and cone penetration

Weakly cemented sandstone (WCS) is a unique rock type widely distributed on the surface. Environmental factors such as groundwater and stress variations easily influence its fatigue mechanical properties and fracture characteristics. To design and evaluate the long-term stability of surrounding rock support in tunnel excavation and underground resource mining projects, investigating the fatigue mechanical

The initiation and propagation of hydraulic fractures are closely related to the fracture ability of rocks. Such processes in shale reservoirs are, to a certain extent, controlled by bedding. However, the control mechanism of bedding on the anisotropy of fracture toughness and fracturing behavior remains unclear. In this study, a series of numerical notched semi-circular bend (NSCB) tests are conducted

The French National Agency for Radioactive Waste Management (ANDRA) has been constructing an Underground Research Laboratory (URL) in Meuse/Haute-Marne since 2000 to determine the viability and protection of deep geological formation for hosting industrial nuclear waste repositories. The purpose of this URL is to describe the in situ properties and behavior of the Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) claystone

Landslides occurring at the interface of strata are among the most common forms of loess landslides in China. Statistics indicate that significant loess-red silty clay interface landslides induced by irrigation in the Heifangtai Platform than loess-paleosol interface landslides in the South Jingyang Platform. To uncover the permeability characteristics, structural failure patterns, and triggering processes

Loess, a Quaternary wind-blown deposit, is a problem soil that gives rise to frequent geohazards such as landslides and water-induced subsidence. The behaviour of loess is controlled by its microstructure, consisting of silt-sized skeleton particles and complex bonding structures formed by clay-sized particles. Achieving a deep understanding and precise modelling of loess behaviour necessitates comprehensive

In the geological repository of high-level radioactive wastes (HLRW), one of the most important issues is the stability of artificial barrier basically using bentonite. However, due to the exist gaps between bentonite block and surround rock mass, the bentonite can swell relatively freely, whose constraining condition is quite different from the normal swelling pressure test. As an extreme case, the

As a typical mechanism of internal erosion, suffusion has led to geological disasters in engineering structures worldwide. A slight deviation in soil structures, also known as the spatial randomness of soil parameters, determines the significant differences in this erosion process. However, owing to the lack of absolute quantitative prediction models for suffusion, this issue has not been effectively

Construction of large underground infrastructure facilities routinely leads to leakage of groundwater and reduction of pore water pressures, causing time-dependent deformation of overburden soft soil. Coupled hydro-geomechanical numerical models can provide estimates of subsidence, caused by the complex time-dependent processes of creep and consolidation, thereby increasing our understanding of when

Wildfires striking vegetated hillslopes appear to increase the hazard towards rainfall-induced landslides. One mechanism little investigated in the literature consists in the formation of Wooden Embers Cover (WEC) following the wildfire. This layer has very peculiar thermohydraulic properties and may affect the interaction between the atmosphere and the subsoil. The paper presents an experiment conducted

Landslide disasters pose significant threats to human life and infrastructure. The instability of a bedding landslide with locked segments results from sudden brittle failure of the locked segments. To mitigate potential threats to life and property, it is crucial to reveal the failure mechanism and identify precursor information. In this study, physical model experiments of bedding landslides with

Landslides pose a severe risk to humans, but accurately quantifying human risk remains challenging due to the less-studied fleeing process of humans during landslides. This study introduces a flight failure rate to represent the capacity of humans to escape from a landslide. A novel probabilistic framework for flight failure rate assessment is proposed by integrating uncertainties in both landslide

Erosion and entrainment significantly increase the volume and destructive potential of high-speed long-runout landslides. Previous studies seldom quantitatively address these effects, and even fewer incorporate the extent of slope weathering into the analysis of landslide dynamics. This study addressed this gap by developing a framework for dynamic analysis, combining Finite Element Method-Smoothed

The computation of boundary frictional interaction between debris-flow and rough channel beds is crucial for simulating debris-flow dynamic behavior, owing to its impact on the resulting flow velocity and deposition area. Until now, some boundary treatment methods have been proposed in the Smoothed-Particle-Hydrodynamics (SPH) method, such as the conventional Dynamic-Boundary-Conditions (DBC) and

Benched rock slopes are prevalent in extensive engineering endeavors such as mining and road construction. This research investigates the dynamic response patterns and failure mechanisms of dip and anti-dip rock slopes through shaking table tests. The adopted approach involves utilizing the acceleration amplification factor (AAF) to compare the amplification effects on both slope types under varying

Landslide dams composed of unconsolidated, noncohesive soil are easily affected by seepage. As seepage develops, the dam's characteristics change dynamically, indirectly affecting its stability. However, previous studies on dam failure have mostly assumed that the dam characteristics remain constant before failure, often overlooking these changes and their effects on stability. In this study, 48 sets

The temporal variation in subsurface structure of a landslide area was monitored using spatial autocorrelation (SPAC) as a simple and robust seismic observational method. The SPAC method is often used in civil engineering to estimate one-dimensional (1D) subsurface structures. However, in this study, we monitor the temporal variation in the SPAC coefficient deviation to evaluate environmental change

Oblique terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) enables topographic change detection at scales (10 –10 cm) that are appropriate for coastal cliff erosion monitoring. Despite this, published applications of TLS on cliff are limited to a small number of sites around the world. Here we report new TLS point cloud datasets from 9 years of monitoring (2014–2023) at Rothesay Bay within the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand

Subsurface voids pose significant geohazards, underscoring the need for their timely detection in order to mitigate the associated hazard. We report on a field study aimed at the comparative assessment of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), seismic refraction tomography (SRT), and the multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) for void mapping in karstic regions. The field surveys were conducted

Ubiquitous and complex avalanche–substrate interactions during rock avalanche emplacement have attracted widespread attention in recent years and are regarded as vital processes influencing mobility and damage potential through rapid changes in avalanche mechanical properties. However, the fundamental interaction mechanisms of avalanche mass on substrate and the resultant effect on mobility have yet

Rockfall fragmentation can play an important role in hazard studies and the design of protective measures. However, the current lack of modeling tools that incorporate rock fragmentation mechanics is a limitation to enhancing studies and design. This research investigates the fragmentation patterns of rockfalls and analyzes the resulting distribution of fragment sizes within corresponding rockfall

Developing a robust numerical method to model earthquake-induced landslides has long been a persistent challenge in the field of computational geotechnical engineering. Recently, the meshless methods based on nonlocal theory have piqued the interest of researchers. However, the application of nonlocal theory in seismic analysis is currently limited. This paper proposed a numerical framework based on

This study introduces the Energy Method Upper-bound (abbreviated as EMU), originally proposed by Donald and Chen (1997), for calculating bearing capacities with a focus on earthquake loadings affecting layered geological strata. The theoretical components of this study consist of (1) an extension of Prandtl's solution for bearing capacity analysis to inclined surface loads, (2) a mathematical demonstration

Regional scale seismic hazard assessment including the effect of local seismo-stratigraphical conditions is a basic tool for seismic risk estimates. A novel physically based procedure is proposed for using geological maps to extensively estimate expected seismic amplification effects relative to spectral ordinates of main engineering interest (<0.8 s). Automatic GIS based analysis of geological maps

Flow sliding instability of saturated loess slopes is a common geological hazard in loess areas of China. Previous studies have found that the occurrence of flow-slip loess landslides is closely related to static liquefaction and is controlled by physical characteristics and load conditions. In this work, we comprehensively study these influences of physical properties (i.e. initial pore structure

Natural fractures directly affect the permeability and mechanical strength of reservoirs, and their development degree has an important impact on the design and implementation of engineering and development projects. Although there is some correlation between logging data and fracture development, studies using algorithms to optimize logging predictions are still scarce. Meanwhile, there is a scarcity

The Corumbataí Geopark Project, located in São Paulo state, southeast Brazil, features valuable geosites that represent Earth's heritage and attract visitors with geoturism activities such as climbing. Rock anchors are crucial for ensuring climbers' safety in case of falls. This study reveals that the load capacity performance of expansion rock anchors is influenced by the applied torque, the physical-mechanical

Robust site characterization and ground response analysis require a thorough understanding of subsurface features, including geophysical properties and geometries of sediment bodies. Late Quaternary paleovalley systems, often overlooked in seismic hazard assessments, represent a potential threat due to their unconsolidated infill (with shear wave velocities <200 m/s) and sharp contrast with the adjacent

The shear strength behavior associated with a large shear deformation of both the fine- and coarse-grained unsaturated soils is important in interpreting and forecasting the initiation and movement of landslides. For this reason, a suction-controlled ring shear apparatus was designed by introducing modifications to the conventional Bromhead ring apparatus extending the axis translation technique. A

The behavior of water and salt inside porous sandstone is crucial for determining the durability of stone heritage. This involves multiphase coupled processes, yet previous analyses have paid insufficient attention to the spatial and temporal characterization of solution-crystal phase change. Based on the salt crystallization experiments, theoretical models and numerical computational frameworks are

Surface moisture has recently been reported to be used in regional-scale landslide early warning. Nevertheless, near-surface multi-depth hydrothermal measurements as a hillslope scale are often less concerned and rarely linked to landslide kinematics. In this paper, we selected two neighboring landslides with different deformation mechanisms as case studies. Using in-situ multi-source sensors, we monitored

Extraction of physical quantities such as flow depth and velocities, is one of the major purposes of geophysical flow numerical modeling and critical for estimating consequent impact forces and sediment entrainment. It is simple in nature for mesh-based models but presenting challenges in three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) schemes. The difficulties lie in the substantial number

Preferential infiltration is prevalent in loess and is pivotal in disasters such as landslides. However, the inherent multi-scale heterogeneity of loess makes traditional in-situ monitoring techniques challenging for characterizing the preferential infiltration process. This study employed the Geostatistical Electrical Resistivity Tomography (GERT) to examine the spatial distribution of mass water

The primary objective of this study was to examine and analyze the sliding behavior of rock wedge slopes with the interaction of three joint sets, considering the influence of plunge angles, included wedge angles between joints, and gravity conditions. The discontinuity planes with varying dip directions relative to the wedge's plunge direction were analyzed. The stability assessment of wedge failure

The scope of this work was to develop soil liquefaction and landslide hazard maps, by computing Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) for a return period of 475 years, to outline safe points and escape routes designed for schools situated in the drainage basin of Xerias River at northeastern Peloponnese, Greece. The school locations were spatially correlated with each geohazard map to assess the potential

Rock fracture and rock instability at high temperatures are serious threats to the safe and efficient exploitation of deep geothermal resources. The electric potential (EP) can provide valuable information to monitor and forecast these issues. In this work, compression-shear failure tests were performed to monitor the EPs of granite samples after thermal treatment at 25 °C, 200 °C, 400 °C and 600 °C

This study delves into the profound repercussions of geohazards on water supply systems, specifically in the aftermath of the Kahramanmaras earthquakes. The influence of these geohazards was far-reaching, impacting a vast geographical expanse affected by the seismic events. The primary focus of this investigation centers on the provinces of Adiyaman, Gaziantep, and Hatay, providing representative damage

The representative elementary volume (REV) of a fractured rock mass is crucial for evaluating the equivalent continuum approach. An innovative computational framework and a harmony dimension method were proposed to estimate and predict the REV, respectively. These methods were applied to a slope along a road. Initially, a high-fidelity 3D discrete fracture network (DFN) was generated using data from

Rockburst exhibits different occurrence time characteristics during drilling and blasting in tunnel excavation, posing challenges to the safe and efficient construction of tunnels. In this study, 25 tunnels with rockburst hazards were examined. By employing the clustering method, we analyzed the characteristics of the most prone time (MPT) for rockburst. Furthermore, we investigated the contribution

In a complex marine dynamics environment, the consideration of fluid-structure-seabed interaction (FSSI) plays a vital role in reliably analyzing the dynamic response of marine structures, and in assessing their structural dynamic stability. Currently, the predominant numerical analysis used worldwide for the problems of wave-seabed interaction and seawater-structure-seabed interaction is primarily

In acidic environments, rock masses are frequently subjected to severe chemical corrosion, resulting in the initiation of numerous geological engineering disasters. This study aimed to collect physical and mechanical parameters of granite exposed to prolonged acid corrosion and analyze fracture characteristics using acoustic emission (AE) techniques. Additionally, it examined the evolution of pore

Loess is a silt-dominated, clastic yellow-to-yellowish brown aeolian sediment with high porosity and low density. The metastable microstructure of loess makes it highly susceptible to collapse, which plays a major role in landform evolution, geohazard development and engineering damages, particularly the widespread occurrences of settlement, deformation and cracking of civil engineering structures

To investigate the effects of traffic loads on frost heave behaviors, frost heave tests of silty clay soil were conducted using an improved temperature-controlled cyclic compression-shear device. This research employed three stress modes: vertical cyclic stress, horizontal cyclic shear stress, and complex cyclic stress that combines vertical cyclic stress with horizontal cyclic shear stress. Additionally

Earthquake damage of underground structure indicates that the seismic response of tunnels is affected by the earthquake source, propagation medium, and local tunnel-surrounding rock system. Current research on the seismic response of tunnels primarily focuses on local tunnel systems, posing a challenge in comprehensively assessing the impact of earthquakes on tunnel group. This study introduces a theoretical

This study proposes a novel method for assessing the evolution of relative density and shear wave velocity that vary with depth and effective stress in non-compacted embankment layers. Embedded soil stiffness measurement devices were used to monitor the shear waves at each stage of filling at the test site, and comprehensive laboratory compaction tests were conducted using a floating ring oedometer

This research evaluates the influence of various discontinuity data acquisition methods on three-dimensional rockfall susceptibility assessments, employing a high-resolution 3D point cloud of the Špičunak rock slope in Croatia. Discontinuity mapping was conducted utilising manual and semi-automated methods. Manual mapping was done in open-source software CloudCompare, while semi-automated mapping was

Designing high mine waste rock piles for long-term behavior requires material mechanical characterization over a large range of stresses and variable environmental conditions. However, representative coarse samples cannot be handled by standard testing devices and the common approach is to test small-scaled samples at the laboratory, which might be affected by particle size effects when compared to

For deep large underground cavern projects under complex geological conditions, the determination of rock mass mechanical parameters and stability analysis is fraught with a great deal of uncertainty. This paper proposes a set of methods for estimating rock mass mechanical parameters and probabilistic stability assessment suitable for construction characteristics of large underground caverns. On the

Rock masses typically contain joints and defects affecting their safety and stability under compression, shear, or tension. The shear strength of these discontinuities, influenced by environmental factors like temperature, is critical in deep rock engineering. This study conducted direct shear tests on sandstone joints at room temperature (RT) and after thermal treatment at 250 and 500 . The behavior

This paper presents a novel, cost-effective method for a rapid and quantitative characterization of discontinuities in fractured rock cliffs using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-derived Digital Outcrop Models (DOMs). The proposed workflow combines manual extraction of discontinuity data from the DOM with a kinematic analysis using an automated algorithm (ROKA), which upgrades and renews the traditional Markland's

Earthquake-induced landslides are associated with significant risks to human lives and infrastructure. Spatially distributed infrastructure systems, such as pipelines, power lines, and transportation networks, are at particular risk to seismic landslides due to their large spatial extent. To conduct a comprehensive seismic landslide risk assessment for these systems, there is the need to evaluate the

Sensitive clays, when subjected to large strains, exhibit a unique strain-softening behavior, transforming into a remolded liquid with remarkably low shear strength. When a slope fails, this behavior leads to the remolded clay moving away from its original position, triggering subsequent failures and catastrophic outcomes. To accurately predict such scenarios, it is crucial to incorporate realistic

Rocks frequently endure water environments and diverse cyclic loading from natural and anthropogenic sources across various damage stages. Understanding the mechanical and fatigue behavior of saturated rocks under different cyclic loading levels is crucial for the intelligent design and long-term stability of the slope. Here, we report several monotonic and cyclic compression tests conducted on red

In the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in China, loess-like silty clay is prevalent. This soil type exhibits considerable variability in its compression coefficient , which can lead to differential soil settlement and consequent damage to buildings and infrastructure, thereby posing safety risks. Despite its significance, research and data on this topic are still limited. This study involves

The occurrence of rainfall-induced slope failures has become more frequent due to the effect of climate change. Hence, various studies have been conducted to analyse the effect of rainfall infiltration on slope stability. Physically-based hydrological models have been commonly used with slope stability models such as the infinite slope model to develop slope susceptibility maps. However, a combination

Understanding the temporal evolution of fracture transport properties in shales is of increasing importance for the long-term safe operation of many underground engineering projects. Here, a series of long-term (60 days each) water seepage and gas breakthrough experiments utilizing three shale samples, each with a single artificial fracture, was conducted to evaluate the time-dependent evolution of

The assessment of rockfall failure hazard in both spatial and temporal components is a critical task for risk assessment since it must rely on a complete and detailed inventory. Recently, rockfall hazard evaluation has often been carried out leveraging Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) and drone-based photogrammetry for accurate rockfall detection. However, these techniques are time-consuming and costly

Fracture structures in rock masses profoundly affect the stability of deep rock engineering, whereas conventional methods utilizing local surface fracture data on rock mass and disk models are limited in characterizing complex three-dimensional (3D) fractures. This raises two critical inquiries: How to enhance the comprehensiveness of fracture parameter collected on-site? And how to improve the accuracy