While studies on rock damage have mostly examined cyclic mechanical loading, or addressed thermal and mechanical loadings separately, compressed air energy storage (CAES) projects require the coupling of both effects. Granite was used to demonstrate a systematic experimental procedure in which cyclic temperature effects was incorporated into fatigue damage study of rocks subject to cyclic mechanical

Earthquakes can initiate slow-moving landslides and cause them to transition into rapid failures. Although observations are limited, the literature suggests that strong earthquakes are more likely to trigger nearby failures, while smaller earthquakes may increase susceptibility. However, understanding the role of seismic disturbances requires considering other environmental conditions. This study focuses

Due to cyclic freezing-thawing and drying-wetting, cracks are commonly encountered in loess regions and adversely affect the seepage and stability of slope engineering. However, the influences of freeze-thaw (FT) cycles on desiccation cracking of intact loess are rarely known. In this study, evaporation tests were performed on an intact loess with different water contents and subjected to various numbers

An extensive monitoring dataset gathered from 35 multi-layer compaction monitoring wells (MLCWs), 83 groundwater level monitoring wells, and four extensometers were used in this study to comprehend the susceptibility of geological materials to land subsidence at the Choushui River alluvial fan due to the contrasting subsidence trends observed in the Yunlin (south) and Changhua (north) areas of the

Complex fracture networks significantly affect the deformation, damage, and strength of rock masses. Three-dimensional (3D) fracture density is an important parameter for estimating the mechanical properties and seepage characteristics of rock masses. This study, using a universal elliptical fracture model with all variable parameters that approximates the true fracture shape more closely than a circular

The in-situ transformation of oil shale is an intricately complex process involving multiple physical field coupling. Through a series of laboratory experiments, this study reveals the relationship between the anisotropy of pore structure and the anisotropy of physical and mechanical properties in oil shale during the heating process. Results reveal that during heating, pyrolysis-induced parallel bedding

The study investigates how climate-induced multiple rainfall infiltrations on the Loess Plateau result in microstructural changes in loess, subsequently influencing its infiltration characteristics. To simulate the loess infiltration properties under multiple rainfall events, three infiltration tests were performed using a vertical infiltration apparatus. Additionally, SEM and NMR techniques were employed

For decades, solutions to regional-scale landslide prediction have primarily relied on data-driven models, which, by definition, are disconnected from the physics of the failure mechanism. The success and spread of such tools came from the ability to exploit proxy variables rather than explicit geotechnical ones, as the latter are prohibitive to acquire over broad landscapes. Our work implements a

A very large percentage of the Italian municipalities is exposed to landslides, floods, and/or coastal erosion, according to the 2021 edition of the Report on hydrogeological instability in Italy. Even the south-eastern area of the country, the Apulia Region, is affected by different geo-hydrological hazards, with a concentration of landslides in the north-western portion, named the Daunia Apennine

On 1 September 2022, a giant loess landslide occurred in Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province, China. This catastrophic event brought to light a unique loess fluidisation phenomenon. In specific parts of the landslide, the loess completely transformed into a viscous, fluid-like state, whereas other parts showed a deep-seated slide that retained their structural integrity. In this case, loess

Past studies investigated the seismic vulnerability of earth dams subjected to far-field earthquakes. Near fault, pulse type motions are known to amplify the seismic demands in long-period structures due to the resonating effect. Thus, this study investigates the seismic demand amplification in an earth dam under near fault pulse type motions, accounting for the dynamic dam-reservoir interactions (DRI)

The Barton-Bandis model for the nonlinear shear strength of rock joints is the most commonly used strength criterion in rock engineering practice. There have been advancements in determination of Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC), such as the use of laser scanning; however, the equally important Joint Wall Compressive Strength (JCS) parameter has not been significantly advanced. The JRC and JCS are

Extreme rainfall events exacerbated by global warming can pose great threats to soil stability, causing severe soil erosion and triggering various disasters, such as landslide, debris flow, and land degradation. This study explores the efficacy and critical influence factors of a bio-approach utilizing microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) for soil erosion control by conducting a series

Increasing the soil erosion resistance is one of the core issues in slope erosion control and ecological environmental restoration of open-pit coal mine (OPCM) dumps. In this study, fly ash (FA) and polyacrylamide (PAM) were used to improve the soil quality of an OPCM dump, and an indoor physical model was constructed to investigate the water and soil loss characteristics of the improved soil via simulated

This study employs seismic refraction tomography (SRT) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to assess subsurface geological conditions along the proposed Porsgrunn Highway in Norway. The primary objective is to analyze SRT and ERT tomograms to identify subsurface geological structures. However, interpreting tomograms is often limited by smoothed boundaries and reduced resolution. To address

Conventional time-of-failure estimated from slope surface displacement over time, ignores the crucial geotechnical and environmental causative factors that lead to slope instability. The instrumentation and monitoring are expensive, labour-intensive, and often not feasible for large number of hill slopes. This paper focuses on the physics-based determination of time-of-failure charts for laterite soil

An analytical model is derived for predicting the flow field and stability of an unsaturated infinite slope subjected to steady infiltration. The proposed model is novel because it accounts for the hydraulic anisotropy of unsaturated soil. The governing equation for steady-state seepage in an infinite slope is established in terms of matric suction under a constant surface flux boundary condition.

Chair-like bedding rock landslides are prevalent in the Three Gorges Reservoir area (TGRA), necessitating further investigation into their inducing mechanisms. This study focuses on the Muyubao and Tanjiahe landslides, conducting a comparative analysis of their deformation characteristics and mechanisms while comprehensively considering geological and hydrological factors. The findings indicate that

Laboratory tests involving soil desiccation cracking are subjected to geometrical boundary constraints that are not always present in field conditions. To better understand the effects of sample geometry on desiccation cracks, several researchers have used controlled climatic conditions coupled with image analysis to accurately quantify the crack characteristics of soil samples subjected to laboratory

Natural alluvial foundations are inherently heterogeneous. To enhance seepage safety, a cut-off wall is commonly embedded in a dam foundation. However, walls can also have stochastic defects. The dual uncertainties arising from soil heterogeneity and wall defects pose significant challenges for seepage safety evaluation. In this study, systematic numerical simulations were conducted on an internally

Large boulders entrained by debris flow can generate destructive impact force and cause significant damage to a rigid barrier located downstream. Baffle arrays can be installed in front of the rigid barrier to reduce the potential damage from large boulders by dissipating flow energy with filtering boulders from the debris flows. In this study, to investigate the effect of baffle arrays on the flow

Energy dissipation can macroscopically synthesize the evolutions in the microstructure of the marine clay during cyclic loading. Hence an energy-based method was employed to investigate the failure criterion and cyclic resistance of marine clay. A series of constant-volume cyclic direct simple shear tests was conducted on undisturbed saturated marine clay from the Yangtze Estuary considering the effects

In the design of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) repositories, granular bentonite is esteemed as an effective sealant for interfacing the spaces that exist between the bentonite blocks and adjacent geological bodies. When degraded cement dissolves in groundwater, it generates an alkaline solution with a high pH. Therefore, determining whether the thermal conductivity of granular bentonite changes under

On December 18, 2023, a destructive MS. 6.2 earthquake occurred in Jishishan County, Gansu Province, China. The earthquake triggered a loess earthflow in Zhongchuan Township, resulting in 13 fatalities. The catastrophic earthflow moved about 3 km without previous rainfall and its mobility index (H/L) is as low as 0.026. We combined multi-source data, including remote sensing images, drone images, and

Over the past two decades, multi-temporal InSAR techniques have been successfully utilized to monitor surface deformation throughout earthquake cycles. As sensor resolution and observation frequency of radar satellites have significantly improved, the spatial monitoring capability has expanded from tectonic to regional and local scales. Although regions with higher deformation rates are generally considered

This study presents a novel coupled hydraulic–mechanical algorithm for analysing nonlinear seepage in circular tunnels with elastic strain softening characteristics. The model integrates porosity changes with permeability coefficients to formulate a set of nonlinear seepage equations. The Mohr–Coulomb criterion is used to determine the of rock stress yielding state, and the plastic strain εθp is used

Rainfall-induced shallow landslides are expected to increase due to more intense precipitation linked to climate change. This study aims to develop an effective pixel-based tool for the space-time prediction of soil slips by combining a FeedForward Neural Network (FFN) with insights from the physically-based model SLIP (Shallow Landslide Instability Prediction). The FFN model was developed based on

The physicochemical characteristics of brittle fault rocks are essential for understanding fault evolution and deformation mechanisms, and also for selecting suitable sites for important facilities such as nuclear power plants, radioactive waste disposal sites, and oil storage bases. In this study, we determined the chemical weathering index (W) for brittle fault rocks and their protoliths along three

Coseismic landslides significantly contribute to human and economic losses during and immediately following earthquakes, yet very little data on the runout of such landslides exist. While well-established behavior of aseismic (e.g., hydrologically triggered) landslide runout mobility suggests strong correlation between landslide size and mobility, limited studies of coseismic landslide runout find

As known, the reinforcement effect of piles significantly relies on the precise assessment of cohesive soil landslide driving forces exerted on piles. However, the existing methods for estimating the cohesive soil landslide driving forces have scarcely considered the soil arching effects. Generally, this leads to prohibitively conservative approaches for pile stabilization. In this study, according

Hydro-shearing using low injection rates to stimulate the fractured geothermal reservoir for permeability enhancement. In this work, a series of 3D thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled simulations were run to investigate the hydro-shearing processes in enhanced geothermal system (EGS). In our model, natural fractures were considered according to the borehole televiewer image results. The enhancement

Desiccation cracking has a significant impact on the hydro-mechanical properties of soils, yet quantifying crack patterns remains challenging. This study presents a quantitative framework with a total of 26 parameters for characterizing the geometric and morphological characteristics of soil desiccation crack patterns, including soil clod parameters (soil clod area, soil clod perimeter, number of clods

Landslides frequently disrupt highway networks in mountainous regions globally, presenting a grave threat to the safety of vehicles and pedestrians. A quantitative assessment of landslide risk within the highway network is crucial for the implementation of targeted monitoring, early warning, and engineering interventions. In this study, a non-contact quantitative risk assessment framework for translational

We present a Probabilistic Fault Displacement Hazard Analysis (PFDHA) for a strategic dam located in the Upper Tiber Valley (Northern Apennines of Italy) claimed to be sited on a supposed capable fault (Montedoglio fault). We verify the seismic capability of the Montedoglio fault through detailed geological and geophysical analyses. We find no evidence for considering the Montedoglio fault as an active

The construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir dam in China has led to an increase in reservoir landslide events. To mitigate these geohazards, multiple rows of stabilizing piles (MRSP) have been employed to stabilize massive reservoir landslides. This study utilizes centrifuge and numerical modeling to investigate the behavior of unreinforced landslides and MRSP-reinforced landslides in reservoir

Flow-momentum growth and resultant feedback from bed-sediment entrainment significantly influence the mobility of debris flows and valley topography. Existing models inadequately capture the mass and momentum growth regulated by scale-sensitive, time-dependent pore water pressure in erodible beds, which exhibit pronounced anisotropy and nonlinearity. In this study, we propose a three-dimensional, two-layer

Numerical simulation is important for the risk assessment of subaerial landslide-induced tsunami (SLIT) hazards; however, their predictive performances are thus far limited as these works fail to consider the involved uncertainties. We propose a novel probabilistic risk assessment framework for quantifying several uncertainties, such as the model parameters and bias. We successfully couple the numerical

Changes in rainfall, groundwater levels, and reservoir water levels exacerbate the deformation of water-involved landslides, accelerating the transition from landslide evolution to extinction. Extracting the destruction patterns of landslides from extensive monitoring data, and understanding their overall deformation mechanisms are crucial for geological hazard prevention and control. Herein, we took

Geological uncertainty is a crucial factor in the reliability design of geotechnical structures, necessitating advanced probabilistic approaches for robust subsurface stratification and uncertainty quantification. However, the spatial existence of geological formations at a specific location is indeed a nominal categorical variable. Unlike the spatial variability of soil properties that has been widely

Dam breach analyses for tailings dams currently rely heavily on relationships and methods derived for water retaining dams, despite significant differences in design, construction, dam materials, and geometry; particularly, the upstream face of the dam. Conventional tailings slurry deposition from the dam crest typically forms low angle upstream beaches (1–2 % inclination) within the impoundment. In

Significant differences in the failure characteristics of surrounding rocks caused by complex lithologies and geological conditions have been observed in deep tunnels. In this work, a failure involving rockburst and collapse observed in a deep tunnel excavated by a tunnel boring machine (TBM) was introduced. The in-situ failure characteristics of granite with biotite interlayers with different biotite

Large-scale mining fractures resulting from repeated mining are a major cause of surface water loss in the northern Shaanxi mining area, China. Accurately detecting the evolution of mining-induced fractures is crucial for addressing the fragile ecological environment and ensuring coalmine production safety in this area. This study focuses on the close-multi coal seams mining at the Ningtiaota coalmine

Forecasting the geometric characteristics of rock fractures in unexcavated tunnel sections is crucial for construction arrangements. This paper presents a method for predicting fracture distribution near the tunnel face from a spatiotemporal perspective. We Innovatively analogize the tunnel excavation mileage as the time series data. Using fractal geometry and geostatistics, we extract geometric features

This paper presents a case study of deep excavation using the artificial ground freezing (AGF) method for tunnel restoration work in the Nakdong River deltaic deposits. The study involved detailed construction monitoring and data analysis to assess the thermal and mechanical impacts on surrounding ground and underground structures. Factors influencing heat transfer were identified and evaluated for

Geological models are used for a range of applications relevant for engineering geology and the demands for reliable geological models with realistic uncertainty assessments are therefore increasing. The geological modelling workflow is divided into multiple steps, each associated with uncertainties. Often however, many of these sources of uncertainty are overlooked, which may lead to an underestimation

Soil improvement using microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) remains largely confined to the laboratory, with only a very small number of large-scale experiments having been completed under field conditions and none by engineering contractors. This study presents a cubic-meter scale improvement of heterogeneous natural sand collected from a local quarry, with a wide variation in grain

Scale of fluctuations (SOFs) of spatially variable soil properties have been regarded as one of the important parameters for performing reliability-based design in geotechnical engineering. However, the information required to estimate the SOFs in practice is limited, especially in the horizontal direction. In this study, the potential use of Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) to estimate

Soil desiccation cracking as a consequence of severe environmental changes alters soil deformation mechanisms significantly. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effect of crack characteristics and environmental conditions on the heterogeneous deformation of desiccation-cracked soils using thermo-hydro-mechanical analyses. The model framework consists of balance equations, thermal, hydraulic,

Subsurface stratification is crucial for the construction safety of underground projects. The one-dimensional (1D) soil stratification aims at identifying segmentation points that separate soil strata. Current engineering practice mainly requires human judgement, which is time-consuming, labour-intensive, and heavily relies on domain expertise. Other probabilistic methods, such as Bayesian approaches

The quantitative analysis of the landslide risk posed to road networks is a challenging task owing to the uncertainty involved both in the potential landslide hazard and the road value. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a novel framework to assess the road risk in quantitative terms. The landslide hazard is assessed using the depth-integrated method with consideration of the landslide

Appropriate estimation of seismic moment release during fluid injection is critical to mitigate the risk of induced seismic hazards and to guide safe operation in the geo-energy industry. However, the present single-layer models overlook the contributions of fault slip in different rock layers to the seismic moment release. Here we report an analytical model incorporating a multiple-layer function

Fine particle loss in soil is one of the main causes of slope instability and geotechnical structure failure. Loss of fines can cause instability in granular assembles by changing the fabric and microstructure of the sample. However, real-time monitoring of the evolution of mechanical behavior in granular soils during the particle loss process is still poorly explored. This study presents a novel approach

Submarine landslides pose significant threats to subsea cables distributed on the global seabed. However, regional scale risk assessment of landslide geohazards is rarely reported. This study introduces a methodology for regional-scale geohazard risk prediction of submarine landslides, focusing on the northern continental slopes of the South China Sea. Initially, the study employed the infinite-slope

The quantitative analysis of rock mass damage is crucial in fields such as engineering geology, disaster prevention, mining, geotechnical engineering, and structural engineering. With the advancement and application of noncontact measurement technologies and fractal theory, image-based damage identification methods are gaining increasing importance. This paper presents an optimized binarization algorithm

Correlation between soil compression index (Cc) and state parameters is frequently referenced in studies investigating the fundamental mechanisms underlying changes in soil compressibility. However, developing an efficient formula for Cc that adequately captures the complexity of soil compressive behavior has been challenging for conventional approaches. This study utilized contemporary symbolic regression

Block theory is an important and commonly used method for addressing stability problems in rock engineering, and it is very meaningful to simplify its analysis procedure and improve its computational efficiency. In this paper, an improved vector method capable of simultaneously analyzing block removability and kinematics that works well for both convex and concave blocks is proposed. This improved

The Hoek-Brown (HB) criterion has found extensive application in the stability analysis of intact or jointed rock slopes, in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) contexts. In the early days, the assessment of Hoek-Brown slopes rarely incorporated tensile strength until, recently, limited studies examined the tension-controlled toppling failure at the sliding head. Nevertheless, the

Freeze-thaw processes in cold regions alter soil pore structure and properties, leading to engineering geological issues. Soil pores are crucial, but research on their changes and freeze-thaw impacts is limited. This study used MRI-Cryogenic Soil Moisture Analyzer (MRI-CSMA) to explore pore structure, water, and temperature changes in saturated loess during freeze-thaw, and Scanning Electron Microscopy