Recent extremes in Antarctic temperature, surface melt and sea ice loss have been robustly linked to the occurrence of atmospheric rivers (ARs). However, the precise mechanisms that generate variations in the surface impacts of ARs are poorly understood, especially in the Antarctic. Based on Arctic evidence that the vertical and horizontal advancement of ARs over sea ice strongly depends on meteorological conditions, the season, as well as the underlying surface before reaching sea ice, we investigate the vertical structure and impact of extreme ARs reaching sea ice and also the Antarctic ice sheet.

中文翻译：

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到达南极海冰和陆地的大气河流的垂直结构和地表影响


最近南极温度、地表融化和海冰损失的极端情况与大气河流 （AR） 的出现密切相关。然而，人们对产生 AR 表面影响变化的确切机制知之甚少，尤其是在南极洲。根据北极证据表明，AR 在海冰上的垂直和水平推进在很大程度上取决于气象条件、季节以及到达海冰之前的下层表面，我们研究了极端 AR 到达海冰和南极冰盖的垂直结构和影响。