-
Projecting impacts of extreme weather events on crop yields using LASSO regression Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Jasmin Heilemann, Christian Klassert, Luis Samaniego, Stephan Thober, Andreas Marx, Friedrich Boeing, Bernd Klauer, Erik Gawel
Extreme weather events are recognized as major drivers of crop yield losses, which threaten food security and farmers’ incomes. Given the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather under climate change, it is crucial to quantify the related future yield damages of important crops to inform prospective climate change adaptation planning. In this study, we present a statistical modeling approach
-
Moisture sources for the unprecedented precipitation event in the heart of Taklimakan desert Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Shijie Tang, Tianjun Zhou, Lixia Zhang, Liwei Zou, Wenxia Zhang, Shijia Liu
The Taklimakan desert, situated in western China and known for its scarcity of precipitation, experienced an unprecedented precipitation event on 13-14th May 2021. However, the moisture sources and the reason for such extreme precipitation in the heart of the desert remain unexplored. Here, leveraging rain gauge observations from Tazhong Station, situated in the heartland of the Taklimakan Desert,
-
China is suffering from fewer but more severe drought to flood abrupt alternation events Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Jun Su, Yihui Ding, Yanju Liu, Jing Wang, Yingxian Zhang
Drought to flood abrupt alternation (DFAA) events, as a special category of compound extreme events that suddenly shift from drought to flood conditions, have significantly greater impacts than individual drought or flood events. In this paper, we have utilized a multifactorial drought index and flood index to identify daily DFAA events occurring in mainland China and in major impact areas during the
-
Naming droughts: Historical perspectives on the scientific coining of “the Tinderbox Drought” Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-18 Thomas H. Ford
Most droughts go unnamed. At the time they are happening, they are generally referred to simply as “the drought.” After the fact, they are typically designated by a year or run of years rather than by a name: 1927–29, for instance. But in recent decades, proper names have increasingly been bestowed on droughts in southeast Australia in an informal although widely accepted practice. Examples include
-
Unravelling the complex interplay between daily and sub-daily rainfall extremes in different climates Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-18 Selma B. Guerreiro, Stephen Blenkinsop, Elizabeth Lewis, David Pritchard, Amy Green, Hayley J. Fowler
Understanding short-duration intense rainfall is crucial for mitigating flash floods, landslides, soil erosion, and pollution incidents. Yet, most observations from rain gauges are only available at the daily resolution. We use the new Global Sub Daily Rainfall dataset to explore extreme rainfall at both daily and sub-daily durations worldwide. Employing Single Gauge Analysis (SGA) and pioneering global-scale
-
How unusual was Australia's 2017–2019 Tinderbox Drought? Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-17 Georgina Falster, Sloan Coats, Nerilie Abram
Australia's Murray-Darling Basin experienced three consecutive years of meteorological drought across 2017–2019, collectively named the ‘Tinderbox Drought’. Rainfall deficits during the three-year drought were most pronounced in the Australian cool season (April to September). Deficits in both the cool season and annual total rainfall were unprecedented in the instrumental record. However, the instrumental
-
Projected changes in mean climate and extremes from downscaled high-resolution CMIP6 simulations in Australia Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-16 Sarah Chapman, Jozef Syktus, Ralph Trancoso, Nathan Toombs, Rohan Eccles
High-resolution climate change projections are required to evaluate local and regional climate change impacts. We used CCAM (Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model) to dynamically downscale CMIP6 GCMs (Global Climate Models) over Australia under three emissions scenarios, producing a set of 60 simulations at a 10 km resolution. Previous work has evaluated the performance of the downscaled models in the
-
Forecasting the groundwater levels in the Baltic through standardized index analysis Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-11 Alise Babre, Konrāds Popovs, Andis Kalvāns, Marta Jemeļjanova, Aija Dēliņa
In regions where groundwater forms the primary source of drinking water, comprehending the prospective availability of subsurface water resources due to climate change is of paramount importance.
-
Fast generation of high-dimensional spatial extremes Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-09 Hans Van de Vyver
Widespread extreme climate events cause many fatalities, economic losses and have a huge impact on critical infrastructure. It is therefore of utmost importance to estimate the frequency and associated consequences of spatially concurrent extremes. Impact studies of climate extremes are severely hampered by the lack of extreme observations, and even large ensembles of climate simulations often do not
-
Anthropogenic influence on precipitation in Aotearoa New Zealand with differing circulation types Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-05 Anjali Thomas, Adrian McDonald, James Renwick, Suzanne Rosier, Jordis S. Tradowsky, Gregory E. Bodeker
This study quantifies the influences of anthropogenic forcing to date on precipitation over Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ). Large ensembles of simulations from the weather@home regional climate model experiments are analysed under two scenarios, a natural (NAT) or counter-factual scenario which excludes human-induced changes to the climate system and an anthropogenic (ANT) or factual scenario. The impacts
-
Future changes of socioeconomic exposure to potential landslide hazards over mainland China Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Donghuan Li, Youcun Qi, Tianjun Zhou, Wenxia Zhang
Landslides are among the most destructive natural disasters, having huge socioeconomic impacts. Here, we investigate future changes in potential rainfall-induced landslide activities and their socioeconomic consequences in mainland China using CMIP6 simulations under five combined scenarios of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and the Representative Concentration Pathways (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4
-
The flash droughts across the south-central United States in 2022: Drivers, predictability, and impacts Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Jordan I. Christian, Taylor M. Grace, Benjamin J. Fellman, Daniel F. Mesheske, Stuart G. Edris, Henry O. Olayiwola, Jeffrey B. Basara, Brian A. Fuchs, Jason C. Furtado
A rare subseasonal-to-seasonal phenomenon – two consecutive flash drought events interrupted by a period of recovery – occurred across eastern Oklahoma, Arkansas, and southern Missouri, spanning the summer and early fall of 2022. These flash drought events (the first in June–July, the second in August–September) led to severe (D2) and extreme (D3) drought conditions via the United States Drought Monitor
-
The 2022 record-high heat waves over southwestern Europe and their underlying mechanism Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Jeong-Hun Kim, So-Hyun Nam, Maeng-Ki Kim, Roberto Serrano-Notivoli, Ernesto Tejedor
Recently, the intensity and frequency of heat waves (HWs) have been increased worldwide. Particularly in 2022, Europe was severely affected by unprecedented HWs, which caused approximately 61,672 deaths and 11,324 deaths in Europe and Spain, respectively. In this study, we investigate the mechanisms of the HWs in southwestern Europe (SWEU) to identify the differences between typical HWs and the extreme
-
Downscaling, bias correction, and spatial adjustment of extreme tropical cyclone rainfall in ERA5 using deep learning Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-30 Guido Ascenso, Andrea Ficchì, Matteo Giuliani, Enrico Scoccimarro, Andrea Castelletti
Hydrological models that are used to analyse flood risk induced by tropical cyclones often input ERA5 reanalysis data. However, ERA5 precipitation has large systematic biases, especially over heavy precipitation events like Tropical Cyclones, compromising its usefulness in such scenarios. Few studies to date have performed bias correction of ERA5 precipitation and none of them for extreme rainfall
-
Corrigendum to “Increasing extreme flood risk under future climate change scenarios in South Korea” [Weather Clim. Extrem. 39 (2023) 1–12, 100552] Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 S. Kim, J.-H. Kwon, J.-S. Om, T. Lee, G. Kim, H. Kim, J.-H. Heo
-
The 2019–21 drought in southern Madagascar Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Rondrotiana Barimalala, Caroline Wainwright, Erik W. Kolstad, Teferi D. Demissie
Two consecutive failed rainy seasons in the southern part of Madagascar in 2019–21 had devastating impacts on the population, including an amplification of the ongoing food insecurity in the area. The drought events were second in severity only to the 1990–92 drought and were estimated in a previous study to have a return period of 135 years. In this study, the physical mechanisms that led to these
-
Intrinsic short Marine Heatwaves from the perspective of sea surface temperature and height Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Yuwei Hu, Xiao Hua Wang, Helen Beggs, Chunzai Wang
Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have recently been recognized as extreme climate events considering their devastating impacts on marine ecosystems. Our study explored the spatial and temporal variability of short (duration <10 days) and long MHWs in nine sub-regions around the Australian coastal region using the original (5-day) and an updated longer duration (10-day) criteria for MHW identification based
-
Contribution of land-atmosphere coupling in 2022 CONUS compound drought-heatwave events and implications for forecasting Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Donghyuck Yoon, Jan-Huey Chen, Eunkyo Seo
Severe compound drought-heatwave events were observed over three regions of the Contiguous United States (CONUS), Northwest (NW), Great Plains (GP), and Northeast (NE) regions, during July and August 2022. In this study, we have found that the developments of these drought-heatwave events were shaped by different land-atmosphere coupling behaviors which are associated with water and energy limitation
-
Future projection of extreme precipitation using a pseudo-global warming method: A case study of the 2013 Alberta flooding event Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-14 Xiaohui Zhao, Yanping Li, Zhenhua Li, Fei Huo
The June 2013 extreme precipitation event in Alberta resulted in devastating flash floods that caused significant economic losses and societal disruption. In this study, two high-resolution experiments were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to study the change of the 2013 Alberta extreme precipitation event in a warmer climate. The control experiment was forced with 6-hourly
-
Flash drought and heatwave compound events increased in strength and length from 1980 to 2022 in China Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-14 Kaiqi Fu, Hongyong Yu, Yao Zhang, Dan Zhu, Hongyan Liu, Kaicun Wang
Compound flash drought and heatwave (FDHW) events have garnered increasing amounts of attention due to their substantial impacts on agriculture, water resources, and public health. However, studies on their intensity and classification in China are limited. In this study, we classified FDHW events in China from 1980 to 2022 using a classification framework designed to address regional patterns and
-
Corrigendum “Multiscale drivers of catastrophic heavy rainfall event in early August 2022 in South Korea” [Weather and Climate Extremes, 44, 2024, 1–16/10068] Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Chanil Park, Min-Jee Kang, Jaeyoung Hwang, Hyeong-Oh Cho, Sujin Kim, Seok-Woo Son
-
Multivariate analysis of compound hail, wind and rainfall extremes in Alberta's hail alley Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Issam Mohamed, Mohammad Reza Najafi, Paul Joe, Julian Brimelow
Hailstorms are severe weather events with the potential for devastating impacts. The consequences can be significantly worsened when hail events are accompanied by strong winds, intensifying both hail momentum and damage to property sidings and windows. Additionally, rainfall extremes during hailstorms can disrupt the drainage systems, potentially leading to flash flooding. Therefore, understanding
-
Land-atmosphere coupling amplified the record-breaking heatwave at altitudes above 5000 meters on the Tibetan Plateau in July 2022 Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Kexin Gui, Tianjun Zhou, Wenxia Zhang, Xing Zhang
In July 2022, regions with elevations exceeding 5 000 m on the inner Tibetan Plateau (TP) witnessed a record-breaking heatwave. But how the atmospheric circulation and soil moisture play roles in the occurrence and maintenance of the heatwave in such high elevation climate sensitive region remains unknown. Here, by using the flow analogue method, we find that negative soil moisture anomalies explain
-
Integrating historical storm surge events into flood risk security in the Copenhagen region Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Jian Su, Bastian Poulsen, Jacob Woge Nielsen, Carlo Sass Sørensen, Morten Andreas Dahl Larsen
Rapid urbanisation along the coasts of the world in recent decades has increased their vulnerability to storm surges, especially in response to mean sea level rise. The unique geographical and social conditions of Copenhagen, a major European coastal city, have prompted urban expansion along Køge Bay to the south of the city. However, this new urbanisation area is confronted with the common obstacle
-
The key role of extreme weather and climate change in the occurrence of exceptional fire seasons in south-central Chile Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-16 Tomás Carrasco-Escaff, René Garreaud, Deniz Bozkurt, Martín Jacques-Coper, Aníbal Pauchard
Unprecedentedly large areas were burned during the 2016/17 and 2022/23 fire seasons in south-central Chile (34-39°S). These seasonal-aggregated values were mostly accounted for human-caused wildfires within a limited period in late January 2017 and early February 2023. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the meteorological conditions during these events, from local to hemispheric
-
Identifying the dominant compound events and their impacts on vegetation growth in China Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-15 Xuezheng Zong, Yang Liu, Yunhe Yin
Terrestrial vegetation plays a vital role in global carbon recycling, but it is also affected by compound events (CEs); however, little is known about the impacts of these CEs on vegetation in terms of their occurrence and magnitude. Using meteorological observations and vegetation indices (leaf area index (LAI), gross primary productivity (GPP), and net primary productivity (NPP)) from 1981 to 2020
-
Increasing WNP tropical cyclone-related extreme precipitation over East Asia during boreal summer associated with PDO shift Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-08-15 Jiwei Wu, Ryuichi Kawamura, Takashi Mochizuki, Tetsuya Kawano
Over the past two decades, there has been a significant shift in tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the western North Pacific (WNP) basin during the boreal summer. Our analysis of data spanning from 1979 to 2021 reveals significant shifts in the WNP TC characteristics and rainfall pattern variation. To deepen our understanding of TC-related precipitation dynamics, we expressly address the difference
-
Local hydroclimate drives differential warming rates between regular summer days and extreme hot days in the Northern Hemisphere Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Abhishekh Kumar Srivastava, Michael Wehner, Céline Bonfils, Paul Aaron Ullrich, Mark Risser
In this work, we compare the rate of warming of summertime extreme temperatures (summer maximum value of daily maximum temperature; TXx) relative to the local mean (summer mean daily maximum temperature; TXm) over the Northern Hemisphere in observations and one set of large ensemble (LE) simulations. During the 1979–2021 historical period, observations and simulations show robust warming trends in
-
Mechanism for compound daytime-nighttime heatwaves in the Barents–Kara Sea during the boreal autumn and their relationship with sea ice variability Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Yue Xin, Wenting Hu, Anmin Duan, Bin Tang, Yuheng Tang
The frequency of heatwaves in the Arctic is on the rise under global warming. These occurrences not only profoundly impact the local ecological environment but also exert remote effects on East Asia and even the global climate. Yet, there exists a noticeable dearth of research focus on Arctic compound daytime-nighttime heatwaves, limiting our comprehension of Arctic climate dynamics. We investigated
-
Extreme precipitation events over the east coast of northeast Brazil: Synoptic study and MPAS simulation Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Matheus José Arruda Lyra, Helber Barros Gomes, Dirceu Luís Herdies, Enver Ramirez, Lucas Carvalho Vieira Cavalcante, Ismael Guidson Farias de Freitas, José Antonio Aravéquia, Silvio Nilo Figueroa, Maria Cristina Lemos da Silva, Fabricio Daniel dos Santos Silva, Heliofábio Barros Gomes, Eder Paulo Vendrasco, Leonardo Calvetti, José Antonio Mantovani Jr., Jayant Pendharkar, William Coelho, Mário Francisco
In the present study two extreme events that occurred in the East Coast of Northeast Brazil (ENEB) during 2022 and 2023 were evaluated. These events are becoming increasingly frequent in all regions of Brazil, associated with significant material and human losses, emphasizing the significance of a deeper comprehension of these events. ERA5 global reanalysis data, GOES-16 satellite imagery and pluviometric
-
The 2022-23 drought in the South American Altiplano: ENSO effects on moisture flux in the western Amazon during the pre-wet season Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-29 Ricardo A. Gutierrez-Villarreal, Jhan-Carlo Espinoza, Waldo Lavado-Casimiro, Clémentine Junquas, Jorge Molina-Carpio, Thomas Condom, José A. Marengo
The 2022-23 hydrological year in the Lake Titicaca, Desaguadero River, and Lake Poopó hydrological system (TDPS) over the South American Altiplano constituted a historically dry period. This drought was particularly severe during the pre-wet season (October–December), when the TDPS and the adjacent Andean-Amazon region experienced as much as 60% reductions in rainfall. Consequently, Titicaca Lake water
-
Probabilistic analysis of drought impact on wheat yield and climate change implications Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Bin Wang, Linchao Li, Puyu Feng, Chao Chen, Jing-Jia Luo, Andréa S. Taschetto, Matthew Tom Harrison, Ke Liu, De Li Liu, Qiang Yu, Xiaowei Guo
Drought is projected to intensify under warming climate and will continuously threaten global food security. Assessing the risk of yield loss due to drought is key to developing effective agronomic options for farmers and policymakers. However, little has been known about determining the likelihood of reduced crop yield under different drought conditions and defining thresholds that trigger yield loss
-
Anthropogenic forcing and subtropical anticyclonic drivers of the August 2022 heatwave in China Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-07-06 Wenjun Liang, Chenhao Li, Yifan Wu, Meng Zou, Xian Zhu, Wenjie Dong, John C. Moore, Fei Liu, Shaobo Qiao, Tianyun Dong, Kaixi Wang, Dong Chen, Qi Ran
The Yangtze River basin experienced record-breaking high temperatures in July–August 2022, leading the China Meteorological Administration to issue its first ever “red heat warning”. We use simulations from the Detection and Attribution Model Intercomparison Project (DAMIP) of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) to investigate the role of anthropogenic drivers in this extreme event
-
Anthropogenic influences on the extremely dry and hot summer of 2020 in Southern China and projected changes in the likelihood of the event Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Kaixi Wang, Zhiyuan Zheng, Xian Zhu, Wenjie Dong, Simon F.B. Tett, Buwen Dong, Wenxia Zhang, Fraser C. Lott, Lulei Bu, Yumiao Wang, Huixin Li, Nergui Nanding, Nicolas Freychet, Dongqian Wang, Shaobo Qiao
During summer 2020, Southern China experienced an extremely dry and hot summer, which was identified as one of the top ten domestic weather and climate extreme events in 2020 by China Meteorological Administration. Summer mean precipitation, surface air temperature (TAS), and number of hot days (NHD) were about 25% dryer, 1.5 °C warmer, and 11 days larger than the 1981–2010 climatologies. These are
-
Spatio-temporal characteristics of Heat stress over Nigeria using evaluated ERA5-HEAT reanalysis data Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-15 Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, Kazeem Abiodun Ishola, Emmanuel Olaoluwa Eresanya, Mojolaoluwa Toluwalase Daramola, Ifeoluwa Adebowale Balogun
Nigeria's growing population faces an increasing heat burden with potential health risks. The Universal Thermal Comfort Index (UTCI) links outdoor conditions and human well-being but lacks comprehensive data in developing regions like Nigeria. ERA5-HEAT reanalysis offers a solution with gridded UTCI and MRT data, but validation is crucial. Thus, this study evaluates the ERA5-HEAT UTCI against data
-
Climatological context of the mid-November 2021 floods in the province of British Columbia, Canada Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-12 Tamar S. Richards-Thomas, Stephen J. Déry, Ronald E. Stewart, Julie M. Thériault
The Canadian province of British Columbia (BC) is subjected to large-scale, destructive floods. The most dramatic was a mid-November 2021 event when atmospheric rivers (ARs) linked to high-intensity storms caused heavy rainfall in southwestern BC, triggering catastrophic flooding. This study examines 37 floods from 2000 to 2021 using information from over 250 climatological stations and compares events
-
Examining the role of biophysical feedbacks on simulated temperature extremes during the Tinderbox Drought and Black Summer bushfires in southeast Australia Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Mengyuan Mu, Manon E.B. Sabot, Anna M. Ukkola, Sami W. Rifai, Martin G. De Kauwe, Sanaa Hobeichi, Andy J. Pitman
The Tinderbox Drought (2017–2019) was one of the most severe droughts recorded in Australia. The extreme summer air temperatures (>40 °C) combined with drought, contributed to the unprecedented Black Summer bushfires in 2019–20 over southeast Australia. Whilst the temperature extremes were largely driven by synoptic processes, it is important to understand to what extent interactions between land and
-
Assessing the potential of compound extreme storm surge and precipitation along China's coastline Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Yuqing Li, Jiangbo Gao, Jie Yin, Shaohong Wu
The occurrence of extreme storm surges and precipitation simultaneously or successively can lead to compound flooding. The interaction between extreme storm surges and precipitation holds significant implications for understanding the potential contributing to compound flood risk in coastal areas. This study examines the likelihood of joint occurrence for compound extreme storm surges and precipitation
-
A new conceptual model for understanding and predicting life-threatening rainfall extremes Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-10 Paul A. Davies, Hayley J. Fowler, Roberto Villalobos Herrera, Julia Slingo, David L.A. Flack, Mateusz Taszarek
The motivation of our study is to provide forecasters and users complementary guidance and tools to identify and predict atmospheric conditions that could lead to life-threatening flash floods. Using hourly and sub-hourly rainfall datasets, proximity radiosondes, ERA5 reanalysis of extreme rainfall events in the UK during 2000–2020, and case studies in 2021, we observe a three-layered atmospheric structure
-
Comparative assessment of dry- and humid-heat extremes in a warming climate: Frequency, intensity, and seasonal timing Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Xuewei Fan, Chiyuan Miao, Yi Wu, Vimal Mishra, Yuanfang Chai
Dry and humid-heat extremes are two types of heat extremes, each exhibiting unique climatological characteristics and impacts on different sectors of society. Using historical simulations and projections produced under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) by models from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), we show a comparative assessment of the
-
Storm surge time series de-clustering using correlation analysis Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Ariadna Martín, Thomas Wahl, Alejandra R. Enriquez, Robert Jane
The extraction of individual events from continuous time series is a common challenge in many extreme value studies. In the field of environmental science, various methods and algorithms for event identification (de-clustering) have been applied in the past. The distinctive features of extreme events, such as their temporal evolutions, durations, and inter-arrival times, vary significantly from one
-
Flash droughts in a hotspot region: Spatiotemporal patterns, possible climatic drivings and ecological impacts Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Jiahao Sun, Qingsong Zhang, Xuemei Liu, Jingxuan Sun, Liwen Chen, Yanfeng Wu, Boting Hu, Guangxin Zhang
Northeast China, recognized as a global flash drought hotspot and a region of nationally important commercial grains and ecological fragility, is highly susceptible to the profound impacts of droughts on both food security and ecological safety. However, the regional-scale characteristics, possible causes and impacts of flash droughts across Northeast China are rarely investigated. Soil moisture data
-
An attribution study of very intense rainfall events in Eastern Northeast Brazil Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-28 Francisco das Chagas Vasconcelos Junior, Mariam Zachariah, Thiago Luiz do Vale Silva, Edvânia Pereira dos Santos, Caio.A.S. Coelho, Lincoln M. Alves, Eduardo Sávio Passos Rodrigues Martins, Alexandre C. Köberle, Roop Singh, Maja Vahlberg, Victor Marchezini, Dorothy Heinrich, Lisa Thalheimer, Emmanuel Raju, Gerbrand Koren, Sjoukje Y. Philip, Sarah F. Kew, Rémy Bonnet, Sihan Li, Wenchang Yang, Jingru
Severe floods and landslides in Eastern Northeast Brazil in May 2022 led to severe impacts with human losses and material damage. These disasters were a direct consequence of extremely heavy rainfall days. A rapid attribution study was performed to assess the role of anthropogenic climate change in 7 and 15-day mean rainfall over this region. A dense network of 389 weather stations was analysed resulting
-
ENSO-based outlook of droughts and agricultural outcomes in Afghanistan Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-28 Shraddhanand Shukla, Fahim Zaheer, Andrew Hoell, Weston Anderson, Harikishan Jayanthi, Greg Husak, Donghoon Lee, Brian Barker, Shahriar Pervez, Kimberly Slinski, Christina Justice, James Rowland, Amy L. McNally, Michael Budde, James Verdin
Drought is one of the key drivers of food insecurity in Afghanistan, which is among the most food insecure countries in the world. In this study, we build on previous research and seek to answer the central question: ?” We do so by utilizing multiple indicators of droughts and available wheat yield reports. We find a clear distinction in the probability of drought (defined as being in the lower tercile)
-
Spatiotemporal dependence of compound drought–heatwave and fire activity in China Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-24 Zitong Shi, Dabang Jiang, Yongli Wang
Climate strongly influences fire activity, and the alignment of multiple weather and climate extremes, such as co-occurrence of hot and dry, leads to more severe fires. Recognizing the knowledge gap on the combination of compound drought–heatwave events and fire activities, we applied an event coincidence analysis to investigate their spatiotemporal dependence in China during 2003–2020 based on remote
-
Probabilistic medium-range forecasts of extreme heat events over East Asia based on a global ensemble forecasting system Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-24 Sunlae Tak, Nakbin Choi, Joonlee Lee, Myong-In Lee
This study suggests a methodology for probabilistic forecasts of the extreme heat events in East Asia based on an operational global ensemble prediction used by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). It focuses on the medium range of up to 11 days, providing probabilities of heatwave and tropical night occurrence each day. Forecast validation in the summer from 2016 to 2021 shows that the deterministic
-
Future extreme and compound events in Angola: CORDEX-Africa regional climate modelling projections Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-22 Pedro M.M. Soares, João A.M. Careto, Daniela C.A. Lima
Angola is exceptionally vulnerable to climate change, and sectors such as health, agricultural, water resources and ecosystems may endure severe impacts. Here, an extensive analysis of the signal of climate change on temperature, precipitation, extremes and compound events, for the end of the 21st century, is presented. The analysis is based on a CORDEX-Africa multi-model ensemble at 0.44° resolution
-
Higher atmospheric aridity-dominated drought stress contributes to aggravating dryland productivity loss under global warming Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-17 Xiaojing Yu, Lixia Zhang, Tianjun Zhou, Jianghua Zheng, Jingyun Guan
Dryland ecosystems are highly vulnerable to extreme droughts under climate change. Yet, response of vegetation productivity across global drylands to changes in drought stress in a warming climate remains obscure. Here, we investigated future changes in drought stress, characterized by low soil moisture (SM) and high vapor pressure deficit (VPD), under severe drought conditions and its impact on gross
-
Regional characteristics of extreme precipitation events over Aotearoa New Zealand Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Gokul Vishwanathan, Adrian J. McDonald, Chris Noble, Dáithí A. Stone, Suzanne Rosier, Alex Schuddeboom, Peter Kreft, Gregor Macara, Trevor Carey-Smith, Greg Bodeker
We document 1394 extreme precipitation events (EPEs) over Aotearoa New Zealand’s (ANZ) Regional Councils between March 1996 and December 2021. The characteristics of EPEs are documented using a novel spatio-temporal framework that diagnoses the peak intensity, duration, and accumulation of the EPE using the ERA-5 and MERRA-2 reanalysis products. Properties of EPEs were evaluated according to region
-
Storm surges and extreme sea levels: Review, establishment of model intercomparison and coordination of surge climate projection efforts (SurgeMIP). Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Natacha B. Bernier, Mark Hemer, Nobuhito Mori, Christian M. Appendini, Oyvind Breivik, Ricardo de Camargo, Mercè Casas-Prat, Trang Minh Duong, Ivan D. Haigh, Tom Howard, Vanessa Hernaman, Oleksandr Huizy, Jennifer L. Irish, Ebru Kirezci, Nadao Kohno, Jun-Whan Lee, Kathleen L. McInnes, Elke M.I. Meyer, Marta Marcos, Reza Marsooli, Ariadna Martin Oliva, Melisa Menendez, Saeed Moghimi, Sanne Muis, Jeff
Coastal flood damage is primarily the result of extreme sea levels. Climate change is expected to drive an increase in these extremes. While proper estimation of changes in storm surges is essential to estimate changes in extreme sea levels, there remains low confidence in future trends of surge contribution to extreme sea levels. Alerting local populations of imminent extreme sea levels is also critical
-
Improved freezing rain forecast using machine learning Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Qiuzi Han Wen, Dingyu Wan, Quan Dong, Yan Yan, Pingwen Zhang
Freezing rain is one of the most damaging weather phenomena in winter or early spring in many parts of the world, affecting traffic, power lines and agriculture. Thus, reliable and computationally efficient prediction of its occurrence is urgently needed in weather forecast operations. However, there are different thermodynamic processes that can lead to freezing rain, resulting in unsatisfactory forecasting
-
A novel approach to a multi-model ensemble for climate change models: Perspectives on the representation of natural variability and historical and future climate Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Yong-Tak Kim, Jae-Ung Yu, Tae-Woong Kim, Hyun-Han Kwon
This study developed a novel approach that integrated climate model selection and multi-model ensemble (MME) construction to effectively represent model uncertainties and, consequently, improve consistency in the evaluation of changes to extreme rainfall in different scenarios. Our focus was to combine 10 regional climate model (RCM) simulations, forced by two global climate models (GCM), especially
-
Wave setup estimation at regional scale: Empirical and modeling-based multi-approach analysis in the Mediterranean Sea Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-11 Tim Toomey, Marta Marcos, Thomas Wahl, Miguel Agulles, Alejandra R. Enríquez, Angel Amores, Alejandro Orfila
Wave setup is a physical process that induces a temporal increase of the mean water level due to wave dissipation by bottom friction and breaking in the surf zone, extending over tens to hundreds of meters in the cross-shore direction. Wave setup contribution to coastal sea level solely induced by wind and atmospheric effects can increase by more than 100% under extreme events and conditions favoring
-
Compound dry and hot events over major river basins of the world from 1921 to 2020 Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Tongtiegang Zhao, Shaotang Xiong, Yu Tian, Yongyan Wu, Bo Li, Xiaohong Chen
-
Amplification of the discrepancy between simplified and physics-based wet-bulb globe temperatures in a warmer climate Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Liying Qiu, Ziwei Zhu, Zixuan Zhou, Eun-Soon Im, Seung-Ki Min, Yeon-Hee Kim, Yujin Kim, Dong-Hyun Cha, Joong-Bae Ahn, Young-Hwa Byun
The Simplified Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (sWBGT) is widely used in heat stress assessments for climate-change studies, but its limitations have not been thoroughly explored. Building on recent critiques of sWBGT's use for current climate on global scale, this study examines sWBGT's biases using dynamically-downscaled sub-daily climate projections under multiple future emission scenarios. The analysis
-
Investigation of model forecast biases and skilful prediction for Assam heavy rainfall 2022 Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Vijay Vishwakarma, Sandeep Pattnaik, Pradeep Kumar Rai, V. Hazra, R. Jenamani
Extreme rainfall events (ERE) during the summer monsoon season have been occurring over most parts of India resulting in flooding and immense socio-economic loss. These extremes are becoming a frequent norm in the hilly and mountainous regions of the country such as Assam. Assam received one of the most historical EREs from 14–June 17, 2022. The present study analyses the performance of a suite of
-
Did recent sea surface temperature warming reinforce the extreme East Asian summer monsoon precipitation in 2020? Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Taeho Mun, Haerin Park, Dong-Hyun Cha, Chang-Keun Song, Seung-Ki Min, Seok-Woo Son
We analyzed the possible effects of recent sea surface temperature (SST) warming on the extraordinary East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation in 2020 summer. The dynamic and thermodynamic impacts of SST are examined by conducting regional climate model experiments with observed SST and cold SST where the 22-year SST trend is removed. In the presence of warm SST, precipitation increases in low
-
Corrigendum to “Quantifying uncertainties in tropical cyclone wind hazard assessment due to synthetic track stochastic variability for Southeast Asia” [Weather Clim. Extrem. 41 (2023), 100599] Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Wei Jian, Edmond Yat-Man Lo, Pane Stojanovski, Tso-Chien Pan
-
Mid-century climate change impacts on tornado-producing tropical cyclones Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Dakota C. Forbis, Christina M. Patricola, Emily Bercos-Hickey, William A. Gallus Jr.
Tornadoes are a co-occurring extreme that can be produced by landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs). These tornadoes can exacerbate the loss of life and property damage caused by the TC from which they were spawned. It is uncertain how the severe weather environments of landfalling TCs may change in a future climate and how this could impact tornado activity from TCs. In this study, we investigated four
-
Future projection of tropical cyclone genesis in the Western North pacific using high-resolution GCMs and genesis potential indices Weather Clim. Extrem. (IF 6.1) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Li-Peng Hsiao, Huang-Hsiung Hsu, Ruo-Ya Hung
The study employed high-resolution atmospheric general circulation models (AGCM) to simulate tropical cyclones (TCs) and evaluated two TC genesis potential indices in reflecting projected TC changes in the western North Pacific (WNP) under a warming scenario. Both indices accurately represented the seasonal variation of TC genesis frequency (TCGF) and its spatial distribution in historical simulations