IntroductionIllegal wildlife trade is among the most profitable illegal businesses worldwide. The hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), which has been listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, has long been a prominent target of illegal wildlife trading worldwide, thus posing a substantial threat to its continued survival. In China, although Hainan Island is the largest trading area

Against the backdrop of global warming and rising sea levels, storm surge disasters occur frequently, often forming complex chains of events that lead to severe crises. However, systematic research on storm surge disaster chains is scarce. To characterize these chains, this research proposes a storm surge disaster chain analysis system based on complex networks and Bayesian networks. The system consists

Polymetallic ferromanganese nodules (PMNs) in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ) exhibit significant spatial variability in chemical composition, which complicates exploration efforts and increases associated costs. The primary factors driving this spatial variability remain unclear due to limited understanding of the growth history of these nodules. This study investigated the internal structure and

IntroductionThe large-scale mullet, Parachelon grandisquamis (Teleostei: Mugilidae), is a monotypic species endemic to the eastern Atlantic Ocean, playing a crucial role in tropical ecosystems. Despite its ecological significance, the systematic classification of Mugilidae remains unresolved, largely due to their diverse morphology, which necessitates the integration of molecular data.MethodsThis study

IntroductionB-cell lymphoma, a malignant proliferative disease originating from lymphoid tissue, poses a grave threat to human health. CD20 has emerged as a promising target for lymphoma treatment. However, due to the significant heterogeneity of B-cell lymphomas, conventional CD20 monoclonal antibodies show limited penetration, severely impeding the progress of B-cell lymphoma therapies.MethodsIn

In steady uniform boundary layers, the dynamics of sediment resuspension and transport are controlled by near-bed turbulence, often quantified by bed shear stress, τb. Over the past few decades, various methods have been developed to infer bed shear stress using noninvasive, high-resolution flow observations from acoustic instruments. However, there is room for improvement in these methods. This study

IntroductionCobalt is the most important critical element in ferromanganese crusts. Co concentration in the Fe-Mn crusts is one of the key parameters for determination of the Co resource. Thus, it is essential to clarify the controls on the variations of Co concentration of ferromanganese crusts.MethodsTo clarify the controls on Co concentration of hydrogenetic nonphosphatized ferromanganese crusts

Sunlight, including ultraviolet (UVA and UVB) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), is vital for the physiology of invertebrates with symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae. While the effects of UVB and PAR are well-studied, the impact of UVA remains underexplored. This study investigates the effects of varying UVA and PAR intensities on the metabolic, oxidative, and photosynthetic responses of Cassiopea

This study evaluated the concentrations, sources, and health risks of trace metals and metalloids in the effluents of 15 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located along the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara, ecologically and economically vital regions of Türkiye. Effluent samples were collected in winter and autumn, and metal concentrations were analyzed using ICP-MS to assess seasonal variations

This study presents oxygen data from the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) deep-water region for the period 2010–2019 collected from six oceanographic cruises and two BioARGO buoys and compares them to historical measurements. These observations link the interannual variability of the oxygen concentrations in the main thermocline waters to the frequency of Loop Current eddy (LCE) detachments. These eddies introduce

The subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA) is crucial in the global ocean circulation system and one of the few regions where deep convection occurs. The intermediate and deep waters formed in the SPNA have long been investigated, yet their sources and pathways are not fully understood. In this study, we employ a combination of two radionuclide tracers, namely, 129I and 236U, to understand water mass provenance

The Modern Yellow River Delta has a rich history of geomorphological transformations shaped by frequent avulsions and rapid progradation. However, the delta entered a phase of altered morphodynamics following the construction of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, which fundamentally restructured sediment transport regimes and seasonal hydrological patterns. These changes have amplified challenges in predicting

IntroductionThe present study investigates the effects of mushroom powder (MP) on growth parameters, haematological indices, innate immune response, and serum biochemical indices in beluga (Huso huso) juveniles.MethodsA total of 120 fish (45 ± 0.5 g) were stocked with 10 fish in each 300-L tank. Experimental diets were prepared by inclusion of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% MP. At the end of the feeding trial

Recent observations document increased abundance of algae in the headwater streams of Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF). It is possible that this “greening up” of HBEF streams may be due to climate change, with rising temperatures, altering terrestrial phenology, and shifting hydrologic regimes. Alternatively, stream “greening” could be from the slow recovery of stream chemistry after decades

The spatiotemporal variability of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in the Arabian Sea (AS) and Persian Gulf (PG) has been widely studied, but long-term trends and influencing factors remain less understood due to data gaps. This study investigates Chl-a variability and trends from 2001 to 2019 using reconstructed MODIS-Terra monthly Chl-a and sea surface temperature (SST) data, employing the Data Interpolating

Concentration of trace elements (CTEs) is a significant environmental concern worldwide. This study assessed CTE levels in the Lower Indus River (LIR) by analyzing CTEs in water, sediments, tissues of fish (Cirrhinus mrigala), and macrophytes using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The study shows that CTE range—arsenic (As, 58.7–112

Subsurface observations in coastal and shelf seas remain insufficient compared to profiling measurements in open oceans. To address this gap, we have developed a system that involves coastal fishermen in conducting in-situ measurements. By assimilating this observation data in real-time, we can provide valuable feedback on ocean predictions to support their fishing activities. We adapted the traditional

In many meta-analyses and literature reviews on fish microbiota, the provenance of the animals (farmed vs. wild) is often overlooked. Given the well-established role of diet as a key factor in shaping gut microbiota, this study investigates the impact of dietary nature by comparing the microbiota of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed a commercial diet versus a wild-type diet, all reared within a

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) drives northward Meridional Heat Transport (MHT) and affects climate and weather patterns, regional sea levels, and ecosystems. This study uses a methodology recently applied in 22.5°S to estimate the strength and structure of the AMOC, MHT and freshwater (FWT) transports at 34.5°S since 2005. For this, temperature and salinity profiles from sustained

In subterranean estuaries (STE), fresh and saline groundwater introduce dissolved organic matter (DOM) of different origin. This DOM serves as substrate for microorganisms that thrive in the STE. In high-energy beaches with dynamic porewater advection, microbial communities face frequent changes in groundwater composition, even at several meters depth. It is unknown how DOM from deep STE groundwater

In aquatic ecosystems, allochthonous nutrient transport to the euphotic zone is an important process that fuels new production. Here, we use high‐resolution physical and biogeochemical observations from five summers to estimate the mean vertical nitrate flux, and thus new production over the Northeast U.S. Shelf (NES). We find that the summertime nitrate field is primarily controlled by biological

The capacity of aquatic systems to buffer acidification depends on the sum contributions of various chemical species to total alkalinity (TA). Major TA contributors are inorganic, with carbonate and bicarbonate considered the most important. However, growing evidence shows that many rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters contain dissolved organic molecules with charge sites that create organic alkalinity

Marine heatwave (MHW) events have led to acute decreases in primary production and phytoplankton biomass in the surface ocean, particularly at the mid latitudes. In the Northeast Pacific, these anomalous events have occasionally encroached onto the Oregon shelf during the ecologically important summer upwelling season. Increased temperatures reduce the density of offshore waters, and as a MHW is present

IntroductionOur understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that govern the development of sexual characteristics in sturgeon, particularly the Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis), is limited. Foxl2, a member of the forkhead/HNF-3-related transcription factor family, is known for its role in precise gene regulation within specific tissues and its control over ovarian aromatase, a key enzyme in ovarian

The Yangtze River Delta has experienced intricate sedimentary and environmental changes throughout the Holocene, driven by the interplay of fluvial and marine forcings. This study presents quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages and luminescence sensitivity data from a Holocene sediment core MQ, analyzed across four grain-size fractions, ranging from silt to sand. The results reveal substantial

Spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) is an economically important marine species in China, with high ornamental and edible value. The effects of dietary supplementation of Lianjiang red orange peels, a natural carotenoid source, at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12%, hereafter referred to as G0, G3, G6, G9 and G12, were measured on color values, carotenoid content, expression of genes such as cyp2j6, cyp1a1, hsp70, slc2a11

This study aims to enhance the spatial resolution and accuracy of bathymetric prediction by integrating Gravity Anomaly (GA) and Vertical Gravity Gradient Anomaly (VGG) data with a dual-channel Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN). The seafloor topography of the Izu-Ogasawara Trench in the Western Pacific will be constructed and evaluated using depth models and single-beam data. The BPNN improved

Mesoscale eddies significantly alter open ocean environments such as those found in the subtropical gyres that cover a large fraction of the global ocean. Previous studies have explored eddy effects on biogeochemistry and microbial community composition but not on the molecular composition of particulate organic matter. This study reports the absolute concentration of 67 metabolites and relative abundances

Biofouling is a major concern for anthropogenic structures in terms of fuel costs, maintenance and environmental concerns with greenhouse gas emissions and transport of nonindigenous species. Antifouling coatings do not effectively protect many structures and niche areas. Encapsulation has been introduced as a potential long-lasting solution to prevent macrofouling. This study aims to determine the

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are of increasing concern due to the emerging ecological and socioeconomic impacts on coastal ecosystems. Leveraging the data of the Santa Barbara Coastal Long-Term Ecological Research project, we analyzed the MHW event metrics observed in the kelp forest ecosystem and across Santa Barbara Channel, CA, USA. Not only was there a significant positive trend in the number of MHWs

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are a worldwide problem and have increased in frequency and intensity in Chile. Evidence supports the notion that interactions between certain HAB species and their pairing algal species could have either a positive or negative effect on their growth. The present study analyzed phytoplankton data using Empirical Dynamic Modelling to identify causal networks between two Pseudo-nitzschia

The pollution of the seas by anthropogenic debris represents a significant environmental and socioeconomic concern. It is of paramount importance to accurately monitor the amount of marine litter in the oceans. However, there is considerable variation in the reported values of marine litter concentrations in certain areas. This uncertainty can be attributed to the inadequacy of the sampling strategies

Arctic regimes. Currently, warming accelerates the erosion of permafrost coasts and the associated discharge of sediment, carbon, and nutrients into the Arctic Ocean. However, the impacts of coastal erosion on planktonic food webs remain understudied. We aimed to (1) understand how coastal erosion impacts nearshore carbon, nutrient, and light regimes; (2) investigate the effects on primary production

The decline in water quality, particularly in river water, is a significant concern, especially in semi-arid areas and tourist destinations such as Ladakh. Periodic assessment of water quality could be a crucial step for ensuring its potability and serve as a foundation for formulating effective policies for sustainable water resource management. Consequently, this research aimed to analyze the periodic

By employing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) and DEA-Undesirable Output models, this study aims to investigate the operational and environmental efficiency of 26 major ports across China's Special Economic Zones (SEZs). Focusing on the interplay between operation performance and environmental sustainability, this research evaluates how well these ports manage their operational

This study presents the first evidence of microplastics in natural sea turtle nests at Chagar Hutang Turtle Sanctuary (CHTS) on Redang Island, a crucial habitat for green turtles. Microplastics were detected in all studied turtle nests (0–70 cm depth), with a total abundance of 12,270 microplastic items per kg dry weight of sand. Fibers (80.7 %) were the most prevalent shape, primarily black (37.9 %)

The study of heavy metal content in the sediments of the coastal zone of Qinzhou Harbour was used to analyse the level, distribution and sources of heavy metal pollution in the region and its hazards to the ecological environment and human health. The results showed that the average concentrations of Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Pb exceeded background values along the shores of Qinzhou Harbour, Guangxi. Comprehensive

The ChemicalDrift model is applied to predict concentrations of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emitted from shipping in European seas in 2050, compared to 2018. Sources include antifouling paints (AFPs), discharge water from scrubbers and atmospheric deposition. The fate of pollutants in the marine environment is presented, highlighting the effect of degradation and volatilization, with

Spatial and temporal variation in phytoplankton assemblage and their species responses with varying salinity regimes were investigated in the Hooghly Matlah estuary, India during two annual period. The exhaustive survey in the ten sampling stations recorded 132 species of phytoplankton belonging to 95 genera. The study revealed 12 taxonomic algal groups with the dominance of class Bacillariophyceae

New data on the occurrence of POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and legacy pesticides (LPs), along with current-use pesticides (CUPs) in the surface marine sediments of Kongsfjorden over five years (2018–2022) are presented. LPs examined were p,p’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), p,p’-l,l-dichloro-2,2-bis(chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), while CUPs

Discarded or lost fishing gear from recreational or commercial fishers significantly contributes to global marine pollution. This debris accumulates with organic detritus on the seafloor, potentially impacting detrital dynamics. We used an outdoor mesocosm experiment to test hypotheses that soft plastic lures with nylon lines and commercial-grade fish netting influence the decomposition of Ecklonia

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are of global concern due to their persistence and harmful effects on human health and ecosystems. However, research on PFAS in the River Nile and across Africa is limited. This study provides the first assessment of PFAS contamination in fish livers from the River Nile in Sudan, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry

In this study, levels of Al, Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr and Pb were quantified in seawater, sediments, and sea sponges from six sites in the Niger Delta and one relatively clean site outside the Niger Delta area using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The metal levels in sponge tissues in μg/mg ranged from 0.22 ± 0.03–0.70 ± 0.10 (Al), 0

Hypoxia is an unfavorable environmental condition that produces diverse negative effects in fish. High-density cultures of Epinephelus coioides are more likely to experience hypoxic conditions than those in natural environments. To assess the effects of hypoxia on E. coioides, we examined the related enzyme activities and gene expression after 48 h of hypoxia and 24 h of dissolved oxygen (DO) recovery

Microplastics are ubiquitous in marine ecosystems and are suitable matrices for bacterial attachment and growth. Studies on the microbes growing on plastics are mainly done using flow cytometry and massive sequencing, which do not allow for the quantification of specific groups and their activity. Here we present the results from a mesocosm experiment, designed to compare the effects of biodegradable

Controlled source electromagnetics (CSEM) uses electromagnetic fields (EMF) to detect oil reservoirs. Atlantic haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, is a commercially important demersal fish species that can potentially be impacted by such surveys due to potential overlap with egg distribution. In this study, haddock eggs were exposed to EMF, replicating CSEM survey conditions in a laboratory. Three different

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly soluble pollutant in aquatic ecosystems that poses a significant threat to mollusks. In this study, a solar simulator with a filter was used to establish two light conditions (with and without the ultraviolet [UV] spectrum) for a light-adaptation period (120 d) in Magallana gigas. Following adaptation, Cd was introduced into seawater containing M. gigas. Comprehensive bioaccumulation

Marine debris poses a major threat to marine life including sea turtles. It has been identified as a cause of death in endangered sea turtles and is critical concern in its conservation efforts. In this study, we discovered a large clear plastic sheet (106 cm × 118 cm) in the gastrointestinal tract of a dead stranded leatherback turtle. This debris is the largest ever reported to be ingested by a leatherback

Seawater intrusion, characterized by the infiltration of a seawater wedge into deep coastal freshwater aquifers, poses a significant threat to water quality. Despite extensive research on this hydrogeological phenomenon, monitoring remains challenging, often requiring deep drilling that exacerbates aquifer contamination. This study proposes a novel approach for monitoring seawater intrusion based on

Plastics are a ubiquitous pollutant, and are rapidly colonized by biofilms that sorb inorganic and organic components, forming the interface between plastics and the environment. This study provides a proof of concept for the use of automated quantitative mineralogy (AQM) to illuminate and analyse the metal and mineral component of the plastisphere on plastics sampled from temperate and tropical aquatic

CH4 is among the most potent greenhouse gases. In this study, we investigated one of the important CH4 production hotspots, the continental margins. We examined the spatiotemporal distributions of CH4 in sediment cores from the Bohai and South Yellow Seas, China. Using real-time PCR and metagenomic sequencing, we analyzed the microbial communities related to CH4 production. Our results indicated that

Coastal pond aqua farming is critical in aquaculture and significantly contributes to the seafood supply. Meanwhile, the development of aquaculture ponds also threatens vulnerable wetland resources and coastal ecosystems. Accurate statistics regarding the distribution and variability of coastal pond aquaculture are crucial for balancing the sustainable development of coastal aquaculture and preserving

Rafting is the transport of marine litter by organisms, influenced by substrate characteristics such as degradation, shape, surface orientation, color, and polymer type. This study focuses on rafting in the Southwest Atlantic, characterizing biofouling on different materials across high- and low-energy beaches. Conducted in Guanabara Bay and Niteroi's oceanic beaches, sampling focused on strandlines

Eutrophication of marine ecosystems is a global problem, particularly in a changing climate and the spreading of Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs). The eastern Arabian Sea has both seasonal and permanent/perennial OMZs, but our understanding of the fauna there is extremely poor. So, this study investigated the composition and physiological status (alive or dead) of zooplankton (copepods) in the two OMZs

BackgroundThe brown croaker, Miichthys miiuy, is an economically important fish species in Korean waters. Research on the spawning ecology of M. miiuy in Korea has primarily focused on specimens from the southwestern waters, assessing parameters, such as spawning season and mature body length through histological examination. However, a comprehensive histological analysis across various body sizes

The redclaw crayfish is sexually dimorphic, with males preferring females in terms of growth rate and size. Currently, the molecular mechanism of sexual dimorphism is not well understood in crustaceans, and studies on the joint analysis of the gonadal metabolome and transcriptome of male and female individuals of redclaw crayfish are limited. In this study, we found that there were differences in relevant

Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) with the Mercator Ocean/Copernicus Marine global 1/12° data assimilation system have been carried out to compare and quantify the expected performance of two high resolution altimetry mission concepts envisioned for the long-term evolution (post-2032) of the Copernicus Sentinel-3 topography mission. The two mission concepts are a constellation of two

In ecology, the enumeration of living aquatic unicellular protists is a century-old complicated task. The organisms are small, perhaps motile, and if they are non-motile their vitality is hard to gauge. A respectable technique still in use today is the Serial Dilution Culture-Most Probable Number (MPN) assay that determines the total viable phytoplankton concentration from the highest sample dilutions

Underwater environments pose significant challenges for image capture due to factors like light absorption, scattering, and the presence of particles in the water. These factors degrade the quality of underwater images, impacting tasks like target detection and recognition. The challenge with deep learning-based underwater image enhancement methods is their reliance on paired datasets, which consist

The whiteleg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, is a highly valued and globally produced crustacean species. However, the rising cost of shrimp feed, exacerbated by increasing cereal prices, prompts the exploration of cost-effective and sustainable formulations. This study investigates the potential of Salicornia ramosissima biomass by-product (the non-edible part) as a substitute for wheat meal in juvenile